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(共49张PPT)
“六选五”解题技巧及复习策略
目录
题型解读
1
解题步骤
2
解题策略
3
复习策略
4
题型解读
Part 01
一、六选五题型解读
1、大纲要求：在一段250词左右的短文中留出5个空白,要求考生从所给的6个选项中选出最佳选项，使补足后的短文意思通顺、前后连贯。
2、考查重点：主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。
3、短文特征：
(1)体裁有说明文、议论文、记叙文，其中以说明文为主
(2)文章多半有大标题、小标题、主题句，结构清晰，层次分明。
（3）文章段落在2-5之间，多采用“总-分-（总）”的文章结构形式，即在第一段（或第一、二段）引入所要说明的主题后，其余段落从某一维度对这一主题展开说明，有时还会有一个总结性的段落。
一、六选五题型解读
4、设题特点：主旨句（段首）用于考查对文章整体内容的把握，考查考生对文章和段落主旨概括的能力。
过渡句（段中）细节注释句（段中）
用于考查细节过渡衔接句与注释句，需要填入的细节性过渡衔接词，与注释句之间或上下文之间大多通过语义、逻辑和词汇为纽带联系起来。
结论句 （段末）首尾呼应，重述中心，号召呼吁
（错误选项与文章内容有一定的相关性，迷惑性很强，对正确选项会形成一定的干扰，但也有一些特点，过于广泛，以偏概全，偏离主题等）
一、六选五题型解读
文体 文章主题
成都市 说明文 条形码的相关知识
内江市 说明文 介绍自己的新学校及学校生活的文章
自贡市 说明文 介绍如何旅行时保持健康
德阳市 说明文 从子女的角度提出一些改善子女及父母关系的建议
南充市 说明文 介绍大数据的概念、来源以及用途
乐山市 说明文 从汽车、交通、饮食与医疗等不同的方面介绍了将来的生活情况
眉山市 说明文 介绍神农架名字的来由及神农架的气候特点
2021年各地中考真题
解题步骤
Part 02
二、六选五解题步骤：
1.分析选项，画关键词，串联主题
看句式（祈使句、问句、陈述句、总结句、承上启下的句子等）；用2-8个汉语标注，留下印象；
看选项是否完整；
标注关键词，尤其高频率出现的词；
看选项后的标点符号，初步判断该句在文章的位置
Problems between parents and children are common. If you need to improve your relationship with your parents, you are not alone. To develop a better relationship with your parents, you should change how you think and do things. 51 Act first. Don’t wait for your parents to try to improve the relationship. 52 Be thankful to your parents. Think about everything that your parents have done for you. you are sure to feel thankful to them. 53 Give them a nice gift or do some housework without being asked. They will be happy with you for these actions.
54 Talk to your parents about things that you care about and your feelings about these things. Often talk to them, and your parents can understand you better. If so, it’s easy for them to discuss things that you are interested in and develop the relationship. Accept that your parents are different. They grow up in a different situation with different technologies. 55 Try to remind them of any problem in their relationships with their parents because of these differences. Use this information when you talk to your parents to improve your relationship with them. （2021 德阳）
A. Be open and honest. 坦诚相待
B. Be brave and hard-working. 勇敢/勤奋
C. You should take action first. 先采取行动
D. Here is some advice for you. 以下是给你的建议
E. So they think in a different way. 以不同的方式思考
F. Show your thanks with your actions. 用行动表达感谢
2020 江西中考
2021 内江中考
2022
六中二模
二、六选五解题步骤：
1.分析选项，画关键词，暗排序
2.通读全文，查看主题句，了解大意
3.理清文章结构，找逻辑，抓过渡词
4.灵活掌握答题顺序(先易后难，保3争5)
5.代入答案，重点核查逻辑关系
解题策略
Part 03
看文章结构（结构法）
找关键词（线索法）
找逻辑关系（逻辑关系法）
三、六选五解题策略
Step 1 Structure
文章结构（结构法）
篇章结构题型，明确设空所在位置，考虑文章、段落的行文结构，理清文章或段落结构，对解题有很大的帮助。
5 ways to train your brain for better sleep
Refuse the wineDon’t turn to wine to make you calm or help you sleep. 44._________. Your body needs to experience all three steps of sleep—light sleep, dream, and deep sleep—to fully repair itself. 45._________ Heavy and spicy foods may give you heartburn or other digestive problems, thus influencing your ability to get and stay asleep. If you try these tips and can’t seem to relax, or your sleep continues to worsen, be sure to reach out to your doctor or a mental health professional. （2021 湖南 永州）
A. The body like routine
B. Avoid heavy or hot foods
C. Refuse coffee later in the day
D. One of the first tasks is to set up your sleep environment
E. Wine may help you fall asleep, but it holds you in the lighter sleep
F. Many of the ways to increase the quality of your sleep are easy to follow
小标题——短小精干，结构一致
B
5 ways to train your brain for better sleep
The days are longer, full of sunshine and bright with the promise of enjoying a more relaxing spring and summer with your loved ones. But if you want to enjoy your daytime, it’s time to improve your sleep during the night-time. “Sleep problems endanger health and quality (质量) of life for up to 45% of the world’s population,” according to the World Sleep Society. Sleep is one of the three keys to a healthier, longer life (the others are diet and exercise). 41.________. Here are the top five ways to improve your sleep and get some zz’s:Create a sleep nest
42._________. Science tells us that we sleep better in cooler temperatures of about 60 to 67 degrees Fahrenheit (15℃ to 20℃). （2021 湖南 永州）
A. The body like routine
B. Avoid heavy or hot foods
C. Refuse coffee later in the day
D. One of the first tasks is to set up your sleep environment
E. Wine may help you fall asleep, but it holds you in the lighter sleep
F. Many of the ways to increase the quality of your sleep are easy to follow
段中——细节理解，承上启下。
F
5 ways to train your brain for better sleep
The days are longer, full of sunshine and bright with the promise of enjoying a more relaxing spring and summer with your loved ones. But if you want to enjoy your daytime, it’s time to improve your sleep during the night-time. “Sleep problems endanger health and quality (质量) of life for up to 45% of the world’s population,” according to the World Sleep Society. Sleep is one of the three keys to a healthier, longer life (the others are diet and exercise). 41.________. Here are the top five ways to improve your sleep and get some zz’s:Create a sleep nest
42._________. Science tells us that we sleep better in cooler temperatures of about 60 to 67 degrees Fahrenheit (15℃ to 20℃). （2021 湖南 永州）
A. The body like routine
B. Avoid heavy or hot foods
C. Refuse coffee later in the day
D. One of the first tasks is to set up your sleep environment
E. Wine may help you fall asleep, but it holds you in the lighter sleep
F. Many of the ways to increase the quality of your sleep are easy to follow
段首——主题句，
与小标题相呼应。
D
Many of us have had the same "pleasant surprise". After you mark a song as a favorite on a music app（程序）, it suggests songs of the same kind to listen to. 51_________Big data（数据）is a lot of sets of information that are put together so they can be used by a computer program. It can have different kinds of information from many sources（来源）, such as information that comes from schools, social media sites, companies, and governments 52 ________ Another set can have what they like, where they go to school, and how much time they spend on the computer. 53___________ The government uses it to understand how many people travel on buses or trains. The information is then used to make bus or train systems panies use big data, too. It helps them understand who buys their products. For example, one company uses weather data to see when people eat the most ice-cream. （2021 四川 南充）
A. Big data can be used in many ways.
B. Why do we use big data for bad things
C. Big data can also be used for bad reasons.
D. How can big data be used for good and bad things
段首——主题句，中心句
A
Develop a routine
Set up a bedtime ritual by taking a warm bath or shower, reading a book or listening to soft music. You’re teaching your mind to relax. And stick to it. Go to bed and get up at the same time each day, even on weekends or your days off. 43._________.
5 ways to train your brain for better sleep
A. The body like routine
B. Avoid heavy or hot foods
C. Refuse coffee later in the day
D. One of the first tasks is to set up your sleep environment
E. Wine may help you fall asleep, but it holds you in the lighter sleep
F. Many of the ways to increase the quality of your sleep are easy to follow
段尾——概括总结，重述中心，首尾呼应
A
小结一 ：Structure 文章结构
小标题：短小精干，结构一致；多为名词性
短语或祈使句。
段首：通常为主题句，与小标题相呼应。
段中：细节理解题，需结合上下文语境。
段尾：通常为结论句或起承上启下的作用。
Step 2 Key words
关键词(线索法）
在空格前后圈定线索词，然后在选项中查找该线索词的原词或同义词、反义词，词语复现，代词，同畴词等等
The Dragon Head﹣raising Festival （2021 四川 凉山）
China is a country with a long and rich history.（1）　 　 The Double Second Festival （the Dragon Head﹣rising Festival or Longtaitou Festival） is one of them.This special day is on the second day of the second month of the Chinese lunar calendar.It stands for the start of spring and farming.It falls on March 14th this year. The dragon plays an important role in Chinese culture.Dragon culture is one of the most popular cultures in China.（2）　 　 People celebrated the Dragon Head﹣rising Festival with many customs about the dragon in ancient times.
On the special day，people put ashes in the kitchen.（3）　 　People believed that if the dragon went into their houses，they could have good luck all year round and have a good harvest in autumn.On the special day people ate special food.（4）　 　For example，people ate noodle called "dragon whiskers noodles" and dumplings called "dragon ears ".On the special day，people sent gifts to each other，picked vegetables welcomed wealth and went on a spring outing. （5）　 　Today people rush to have their hair cut，especially have their children's hair cut on the Dragon Head﹣raising Festival.They want to make themselves have new looks and have a good year.
A.The food was usually named after the dragon.
B.Why is it called "dragon lifting its head"？
C.It has many colorful holidays and festivals.
D.Chinese people call themselves the "descendants（传人）of the dragon".
E.They thought the dragon could be led into their houses with the help of the ashes.
F.Even though many of the customs have faded away（消退），the tradition of cutting hair is reaching new heights.
相同词
代词
The invention of barcodes（条形码）is based on a very simple idea. We only need to give each product a specific number and print it. 1 could simply print the number itself. But this can cause problems. For example, an unclearly printed "seven" could look like a "one" to a computer. It's also true for "three" and "eight". __ We need a better way of printing numbers so that they can be read correctly at high speeds. That's the problem barcodes solve.
A. Then computers can read it directly.
B. All information can be shown by barcodes.
C. The next part tells you who produced the product.
D. And "nine" looks similar to "six" if you turn it upside down.
同构复现
2021 成都中考
(2021 四川 乐山）
Cars will run on solar power or electricity and will be much cleaner. ___66___ For example, if you are too close to another car or if you are driving dangerously, your car will slow down by itself. Since there won’t be any spare place, new cities will have to be built in the sea. _____67_____ People will live on the upper floor, the lower floor will be used for traffic, shops and factories. ___68___ Plants that are not influenced by insects (昆虫) or illnesses will be developed. The taste of fruit and vegetables will be better and food will be kept longer. New technology will be used to make TVs that are only 5cm thick. ____69____ Electrical appliances（电器）will be quieter and will be controlled by computer. They will also use 50% less power. Many new ways to treat illnesses will be successful using products of genetic engineering (基因工程）. Treatments will be found for the flu (流感）and the common cold. ____70____
A. However, some new illnesses will appear.B. Biotechnology(生物技术）will make food better and healthier.C. Some cities on water will have two floors.
D. They will be much safer.E. They will have pictures that are as clear as photos.
F. The cars will run faster and become cheaper and cheaper.
近义词
小结二: Key words 关键词
代词
同构复现
相同词
近义词
反义词
……
Step 3 Logical relationship
逻辑关系
即通过分析句子之间逻辑关系进行解题，快速判断句子之间，行文之间的逻辑关系。
Cars will run on solar power or electricity and will be much cleaner. ___66___ For example, if you are too close to another car or if you are driving dangerously, your car will slow down by itself. Since there won’t be any spare place, new cities will have to be built in the sea. _____67_____ People will live on the upper floor, the lower floor will be used for traffic, shops and factories. ___68___ Plants that are not influenced by insects (昆虫) or illnesses will be developed. The taste of fruit and vegetables will be better and food will be kept longer.
A. However, some new illnesses will appear.B. Biotechnology(生物技术）will make food better and healthier.C. Some cities on water will have two floors.D. They will be much safer.
E. They will have pictures that are as clear as photos. 2021 四川乐山
解释
2021 四川成都
A barcode includes different parts and each one provides a specific meaning. The first part of a barcode tells you the country where the product was made. For example, 690—692 is the barcode for China. 5_______ The final part is about the product itself. This is how barcodes work.
A. Then computers can read it directly.
B. All information can be shown by barcodes.
C. The next part tells you who produced the product.
D. And "nine"looks similar to"six" if you turnit upside down.
E. Even if you turn it upside down, it isn't similar to any other number.
F. These are colored either black or white to show the number zero to nine.
并列
The pictures of the Chinese flag on the moon made headlines(头版头条)in China and abroad following the landing of the Chang'e —5 spacecraft. 66 Zhou Chengyu, a 24-year-old from Guizhou Province, has also got a lot of attention. She is the youngest-ever space commander(指挥) in Wenchang, China. 67 She was one of the important leaders in the project. （2021 四川广元）
A. She has played a key role in the Chang’e —5 pace project.
B. Zhou said she was a little surprised when she learned that she was so popular online.
C. In fact, the big sister is not so big.
D. and she did quite well in physics and chemistry.
E. But that wasn't the only thing that caught people's attention.
转折
Big data can be used for good reasons. Some hospitals use big data to predict if a baby who is born too early will get sick. The hospital can then take extra steps to take care of that baby so he or she does not get sick. 54 _________ It can be used to predict which kinds of people are likely to break the law or hurt others, even if they have not done anything wrong. 55__________ It is because the computer programs used to look at big data and understand it are written by people. People think a certain way. Because they think a certain way, they build a model of those ideas. These ideas are then used to look at the data. Sometimes, these ideas are helpful for people or businesses. Other times, bad ideas can cause problems for certain groups of people. （2021 四川 南充）
A. Big data can be used in many ways.
B. Why do we use big data for bad things
C. Big data can also be used for bad reasons.
D. How can big data be used for good and bad things
E. One set of data can have people's names and addresses.
F. In fact, this magic, mind-reading power depends on data.
因果
小结三: Logical Relationship
逻辑关系
转折
因果
解释
并列
……
因果:
for, because, because of, since, as, so,
therefore, thus, as a result …
常见的逻辑关系词
转折/让步:
however, but, though, yet, while, in spite
of, otherwise …
解释:
in fact, actually, for example, in other
words, that is to say …
并列:
also, too, and, as well as, first, second,
firstly, secondly, next, then, finally,
either … or …, neither … nor …
递进:
what’s more, besides, in addition,
moreover, not only…but also…
这里输入简单的文字概述这里输入简单文字概述这里输入简单的文字概述
段中的复现性
段首、段尾的概括性
连词的逻辑性
代词的线索性
这里输入简单的文字概述这里输入简单文字概述这里输入简单的文字概述
心态的乐观性
数字的暗示性
六大性质 篇章结构题型 明确设空所在位置
细节题类型 关注语义连贯和衔接
看选项
找关键
比差异
01
03
05
02
04
固定招式
读全文
明主题
知结构
读前后
析逻辑
重异同
究余项
排干扰
定答案
验答案
代空格
核关系
复习策略
Part 04
夯实语言基础，突破词汇关
提高语篇框架分析能力和阅读理解能力
科学刷题（中考真题精心做，模拟试题限时做）
课上课下相结合的练题模式，磨练解题方法和技巧
专项训练阶段以题型为载体，渗透方法指导
良好的心理素质，以最佳的考试状态答题
四、复习策略
速读
分析篇章结构
精读
思维导图
了解文章大意，训练快速阅读的能力，提升捕捉信息的能力
通过以“5w+1h”问问题让学生找细节，提升学生用英语思考的能力
培养学生良好的阅读习惯，提升学生的阅读思维能力
文章结构，一目了然，关键词形象化，逐支回忆，复述课文
反思： 阅读课的教学模式 阅读框架五部曲
导入/pre-reading/while-reading/post-reading/总结
合理利用课本阅读资源
九年级第四单元
合理利用课本阅读资源
合理利用课本阅读资源
八年级上册第六单元
合理利用课本阅读资源
八年级上册第六单元
合理利用课本阅读资源
九年级第一单元
合理利用课本阅读资源

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