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(共16张PPT)
阅读理解策略总结之
--根据上下文推断单词或短语的含义
这类题的题干常含mean, replace, best explain或refer to四个词之一。
提问方式
答题步骤
Step 1 定位答题区域
画线词所在句的前一句或后一句；前后句；前后一段
Step 2 找句际间逻辑关系
重点关注：转折关系 (but, however, though, fortunately, sadly等)、因果关系(so, because等)或条件与结果的关系
Step3 将信息句与选项进行比较
推断单词的含义
［典型例题］
But he’s nervous. “I’m here to tell you today why you should…should…” Chris trips on the“-ld,” a pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers. His teacher, Thomas Whaley, is next to him, whispering support. “…Vote for…me…” Except for some stumbles, Chris is doing amazingly well. When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion, Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him.
What does the underlined word “stumbles” in paragraph 2 refer to
A. Improper pauses. B. Bad manners.
C. Spelling mistakes. D. Silly jokes.
Tips :注意文中的标点符号隐含义（破折号，冒号，省略号…)
推断单词的含义
［典型例题］
But he’s nervous. “I’m here to tell you today why you should…should…” Chris trips on the“-ld,” a pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers. His teacher, Thomas Whaley, is next to him, whispering support. “…Vote for…me…” Except for some stumbles, Chris is doing amazingly well. When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion, Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him.
What does the underlined word “stumbles” in paragraph 2 refer to
A. Improper pauses. B. Bad manners.
C. Spelling mistakes. D. Silly jokes.
Tips :注意文中的标点符号隐含义（破折号，冒号，省略号…)
Gray wolves once were seen here and there in the Yellowstone area and much of the continental United States, but they were gradually displaced by human development. By the 1920s, wolves had practically disappeared from the Yellowstone area. They went farther north into the deep forests of Canada, where there were fewer humans around.
What does the underlined word “displaced” in the paragraph mean
A. Tested. B. Separated.
C. Forced out. D. Tracked down.
Tips :注意文中的表转折词语（but，however…)
Gray wolves once were seen here and there in the Yellowstone area and much of the continental United States, but they were gradually displaced by human development. By the 1920s, wolves had practically disappeared from the Yellowstone area. They went farther north into the deep forests of Canada, where there were fewer humans around.
What does the underlined word “displaced” in the paragraph mean
A. Tested. B. Separated.
C. Forced out. D. Tracked down.
测试
分开
force to leave
追查到
Human development led to wolves’ disappearance in Yellowstone area .
Tips :注意文中的表转折词语（but，however…)

推断短语的含义
［典型例题］
I guess that there’s probably some demanding work schedule, or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown sport.
She may just need a little persuading. So I try again and tug at the heartstrings. I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren’t even on…At this point the unwilling parent speaks up, “Alright. Yes, I’ll do it.”
What does the underlined phrase “tug at the heartstrings” in paragraph 2 mean
A. Encourage teamwork. B. Appeal to feelings.
C. Promote good deeds. D. Provide advice.
Tips :注意文中的表因果关系的词语（so，therefore…）
推断短语的含义
［典型例题］
I guess that there’s probably some demanding work schedule, or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown sport.
She may just need a little persuading. So I try again and tug at the heartstrings. I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren’t even on…At this point the unwilling parent speaks up, “Alright. Yes, I’ll do it.”
What does the underlined phrase “tug at the heartstrings” in paragraph 2 mean
A. Encourage teamwork. B. Appeal to feelings.
C. Promote good deeds. D. Provide advice.
Attitude ：unwilling Yes
emotionally persuade
动之以情
Tips :注意文中的表因果关系的词语（so，therefore…）
［典型例题］
Adults understand what it feels like to be flooded with objects. Why do we often assume that more is more when it comes to kids and their belongings The good news is that I can help my own kids learn earlier than I did how to live more with less.
What do the words “more is more” in paragraph 1 probably mean
A. The more, the better.
B. Enough is enough.
C. More money, more worries.
D. Earn more and spend more.
推断句子的含义
Tips :注意文中表达情感的词汇（形容词，副词）还有逻辑分析
［典型例题］
Adults understand what it feels like to be flooded with objects. Why do we often assume that more is more when it comes to kids and their belongings The good news is that I can help my own kids learn earlier than I did how to live more with less.
What do the words “more is more” in paragraph 1 probably mean
A. The more, the better.
B. Enough is enough.
C. More money, more worries.
D. Earn more and spend more.
推断句子的含义
Kids : live more with less Good news
Adults : more is more
对比
Tips :注意文中表达情感的词汇（形容词，副词）还有逻辑分析
越多越好
越少越好
Practice makes perfect
Khait’s report also suggests that insects and mammals can hear the sounds up to 5 meters away and respond. But Edward farmer, at the university of Lausanne, is doubtful. He said that the idea of their listening to plants is “a little too speculative.”
The underlined word “speculative” has the closest meaning to_____
practical
surprising
C. unsupported
D. complicated
Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away. But others do double duty. They pump out perfumes designed to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers. Once they arrive, the tables are turned. The attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch.
What does the author mean by “the tables are turned” in paragraph 3
The attackers get attacked
The insects gather under the table
The plants get ready to fight back
The perfumes attract natural enemies
Encouraging this kind of thinking has a downside. I ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking. Without fail one would declare, “but I’m just not creative.”
What does the underlined word “downside” in paragraph probably mean
Mistake
Drawback
Difficulty
Burden
Encouraging risk
Downside 弊端
For one time being, these are only theories. The technology and evidence we have today cannot be used to test these theories and identify the most plausible explanation. Continuing studies may provide us with clear answers. Or future studies may reveal that the answer is even murkier(含糊不清的) than it now appears.
The underlined word “plausible” in the last paragraph probably means________.
Reasonable
Common
Creative
Unbelievable
Tip1 :注意文中的标点符号隐含义（破折号，冒号，省略号…)
Tip 2 :注意文中的表因果,转折关系的词语（so，therefore，but…）
Tip 3 :注意文中表达情感的词汇（形容词，副词）还有逻辑分析

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