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(共32张PPT)
REACHING OUT ACROSS THE SEA
What do you think of when you see the photos
harmony, invader, living under the sea, beautiful dreams…
They (oceans) provide a breeding ground for life, connect the world and promote development.
海洋是生命的孕育之地，连接世界，促进发展。
--- Xi Jinping
How do you understand the quote
Can you describe ocean using your own language
Zheng He’s voyages
(Chinese)
Columbus’ discovery of a new world (Italian)
Magellan’s sail around the world (Portuguese)
Do you know any stories about sea exploration
From 1405 to 1433, Zheng He went on seven trips and visited South-East Asia, the Middle East and even the east coast of Africa.
Atlantic Ocean
Pacific Ocean
Indian Ocean
Asia
Europe
Africa
Oceania
North America
South America
Pacific Ocean
the Cape of Good Hope
the Spice Islands
India
Americas
Spain
Christopher Columbus (1451-1506) made four trips across the Atlantic Ocean from Spain: in 1492, 1493, 1498 and 1502. He was determined to find a direct water route west from Europe to Asia, but he never did. Instead, he stumbled upon(偶然发现) the Americas.
Atlantic Ocean
Pacific Ocean
Indian Ocean
Asia
Europe
Africa
Oceania
North America
South America
Pacific Ocean
the Cape of Good Hope
the Spice Islands
Spain
Ferdinand Magellan (1480-1521) sailed west from Spain in 1519 across the Atlantic and Pacific oceans and discovered a route by which ships could sail a complete circle around the world. The Straits of Magellan (麦哲伦海峡), located at the Southern tip of South America are named for him.
Ⅱ
While-reading
A narrative essay is a story with a beginning, middle, and end.
A descriptive essay describes a subject and lists interesting details.
An expository essay is factual, giving information on a subject.
An argumentative essay aims to convince the reader.
There are four major types of essay:
narrative, descriptive, expository, and argumentative.
What are the four major types of essay do you know
Read for genre
Look at the title and skim the text. Decide what type of essay it is
A title usually covers the main point of the subject or keywords of the essay. It shares the theme of the essay and tells the reader what to expect.
It is an expository essay.
Read for genre
An expository essay normally has the purpose of explaining or giving information about something. While a descriptive essay normally describes something concrete, an expository essay usually tells information about something abstract. For example, an expository essay will talk about the value of subways systems, while a descriptive essay may talk about subway trains.
Read the text again. Write down the main idea of each paragraph.
Paragraph Main idea
1
2
3
4
Travel from east to west began long before Columbus.
In ancient times, travel east to west was on the Silk Road.
Zheng He’s sea voyages built relations with other countries.
The 21st Century Maritime Silk Road has encouraged cooperation and strengthened the bonds between China and the rest of the world (Today, the Belt and Road Initiative is picking up where Zheng He left off.)
Read for main idea
Paragraph Main idea
5
6
China is also joining with other countries on other important projects.
China will continue to explore the sea and enhance relationships with other countries.
Reaching out Across the Sea
(an expository essay)
Para. 1
Para. 2 ~ 3
Para. 4 ~ 5
Para. 6
in the past
introduction to the topic
in the future
at present
How Chinese people have conducted sea explorations over time.
Time Order
Read for structure
How is the passage developed
Which is introduced in each exploration
Time
Region
Result/
Purpose
in ancient times
in Ming Dynasty
today
in the future
Time sequence.
in recent years
Read for details (Finish the timeline)
in ancient times
in the Ming Dynasty
today
in recent years
far into the future
Time
Region
Purpose
/ Significance
India, the Middle East, Rome, the coasts of the Indian Ocean and Sri Lanka
the South China Sea, the Indian Ocean, the mouth of the Red Sea, the east coast of Africa
the ancient sea routes travelled by Zheng He, the Belt and Road Area
the Arctic
unknown
negotiate trade deals, cultural awareness
develop relations
encourage cooperation and trade, strengthen the bonds, develop the whole area for the benefit of future trade and cultural exchange
trade and enhance relationships
understand climate change and its effects
Para. 2
Para. 5
Para. 4
Para. 3
Para. 6
Read for details
Scan the text and fill in the table with the correct names.
Name Description
The name of the trade route between China and the West
Its kings sent gifts such as giraffes to China
An area currently being explored for scientific reasons
A destination of silk and a major European capital
the Silk Road
African royal families
the Arctic
Rome
Read for details
Name Description
The modern country name for Ceylon
The historical period when China expanded maritime exploration to other regions
The author of Record of My Travels
The commander of the seven fleets
The person who wrote stories that inspired European explorers
Sri Lanka
the Ming Dynasty
Du Huan
Zheng He
Marco Polo
Read for details
Ⅲ
Post-reading
Which countries reached out across the sea in the past and why
What benefits and problems did those countries get from doing this
What effects did reaching out across the sea in the past have on the world
What do you think is the significance of the Belt and Road Initiative
Make notes under two columns: Facts and Opinions.
Facts are statements that can be proven. Facts may be true or false.
事实是可以被证明或验证真伪的。韦伯斯特的词典对“fact”的定义是“anything that is done or happens; anything actually existent; any statement strictly true; truth; reality”
Facts （事实）
Opinions （观点）
Opinions are statements that cannot be proven.
Opinions can be argued. Opinions may be supported with facts.
观点是作者想要表达的思想或情感，它无法被证明是真实的还是虚假的，但可以获得一定的支持。作者在表达观点时，常常使用“I believe，generally，it is thought，it seems to，in my opinion”等或运用描述性的词语，如pretty，funny等以及表示比较的词语，如best，worst等。作者的观点可能是正确的，但也可能是错误的。
学会识别观点与事实，可以帮助我们在阅读时进行批判性的思考，使我们不会轻易地被读物的内容所误导。在写作时，恰当地运用事实和观点，还能使我们的文章更具有说服力。
Question Fact Opinion
Which countries reached out across the sea in the past and why
What benefits and problems did those countries get from doing this
European explores, China, India, Ceylon, African royal families;
for trade
The got new products from many different countries and became more aware of other cultures;
In some cases, this led to invasion and conquest.
Question Fact Opinion
What effects did reaching out across the sea in the past have on the world
What do you think is the significance of the Belt and Road Initiative
The land and sea routes remained active channels between different cultures for centuries;
Generally speaking, the result was positive, as it advanced the spread of knowledge, technology, and goods, and made the world a smaller place.
Are there questions discussed on the same aspect
When you think about one historical or contemporary event, which aspects should you consider to gain a full understanding
Question Fact Opinion
What do you think is the significance of the Belt and Road Initiative
The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historical Silk Road areas, and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world
It will lead to greater integration with China and other countries.
What is the Belt and Road Initiative
the Silk Road Economic Belt
（丝绸之路经济开发带）
Maritime Silk Road（海上丝绸之路)
The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is also known as the
Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st-century Maritime
Silk Road, originally announced by President Xi Jinping
of the People's Republic of China during his official visits
to Kazakhstan (哈萨克斯坦) and Indonesia in September
and October 2013.
China's “Belt and Road Initiative” (BRI) is a planned
multitrillion-dollar infrastructure program that is
intended to link China with more than 100 countries
through railroad, shipping and energy projects.
The BRI will recreate the Silk Road, an old network
of trading routes between the East and the West, by
investing large sums of money into other countries to
build such infrastructure projects.
As students what contributions could we make to the Belt and Road Initiative
Sample
There is no doubt that the Belt and Road is the hottest issue recently. As students, what contributions can we make to it
Firstly, we can participate in social volunteer activities which benefit understanding the development of society deeply. In addition, we should study hard and learn more about Chinese culture so that we can spread our excellent culture to the world through our professional knowledge. Finally, English learning is important for us because we can introduce the advantages of the Belt and Road Initiative to foreigners in English and encourage more countries to join it.
All in all, we should start with little things and keep doing them.

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