资源简介

登录二一教育在线组卷平台 助您教考全无忧
备战2020年中考英语专题复习——语法填空·短文类（真题）
一、语法填空
1．（2019·绵阳）阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个恰当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The topic of this programme is
environmental protection. We human beings 　 　(do) a lot of things at the cost of the
environment to develop economy quickly in the past few years. I do think it is time
for us to understand the 　 　(important)
of protecting the environment and do something about it. And today I would like
　 　(introduce)
some simple but useful ways that we can follow 　 　(easy) in our daily life. Firstly, turn 　 　lights if it is unnecessary. Then, go out
in environment﹣friendly ways such as by bus, by subway
or by bike. We can even walk to work when possible,　 　it is really helpful for both of our
budget and health. Thirdly, try best to 　 　(use)things like books, paper, magazines
and so on. And we can also take a cloth bag when we go 　 　(shop). Please don't use plastic ones. Of
course the public should raise environmental awareness and realize it is 　 　(everyone) duty to protect the
environment. Last but not least, the government should make laws to guide
people's 　 　(behave).
【答案】have done；importance；to introduce；easily；off；because；use；shopping；everyone's；behavior
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】文章大意：我们人类在过去的几年里为了快速发展经济，做了很多牺牲环境的事情。我认为是时候让我们了解保护环境并采取措施了。今天我想介绍一些简单但有用的方法。首先，如果不必要，要关闭灯。然后，绿色出行，比如坐公共汽车、坐地铁或骑自行车。如果可能的话，我们甚至可以步行去上班。第三，尽量使用如书籍、纸张、杂志等这样的东西。当我们去购物时，我们也可以带一个布袋。当然，公众应该提高环境意识，认识到保护环境是每个人的责任。最后，政府应该制定法律来指导人民的行为。
（1）句意：在过去的几年里，为了快速发展经济，我们人类以牺牲环境为代价做了很多事情。根据 in the past few years，可知现在完成时态，现在完成时的结构是have done。 主语是复数，故答案是have done。
（2）句意：我认为是时候让我们了解保护环境的重要性并采取措施了。 the importance of.，……的重要性，固定搭配，故答案是importance。
（3）句意：今天，我想介绍一些简单但有用的方法，would like to do，想要干某事，固定搭配，故答案是to introduce。
（4）句意：我们可以在日常生活中很容易地遵循。 副词修饰动词，follow是动词，故答案是easily。
（5）句意：首先，如果没有必要的，关闭灯。关掉，turn off，固定搭配，故答案是off。
（6）句意：如果可能的话，我们甚至可以步行去上班，因为这对我们的预算和健康都很有帮助。 这是一个原因状语从句，能够构成原因状语从句的是because，故答案是because。
（7）句意：第三，尽量使用书籍、纸张、杂志等物品。try best to do，尽力做某事，固定搭配，故答案是use。
（8）句意：我们也可以在购物时带一个布袋。go shopping，去购物，固定搭配，故答案是shopping。
（9）句意：当然，公众应该提高环境意识，认识到保护环境是每个人的责任。duty名词，前面需要所有格， 每个人的，故答案是everyone's。
（10）句意：最后，政府应该制定法律来指导人们的行为。people's是名词所有格，后面加名词，故答案是behavior。
【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章，字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍，检查验证。
2．（2019·遵义）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
I
have two friends in our class, Rick and Scott. Rick has a good lifestyle. He
sleeps eight or nine 　 　 (hour)a day. So he can get up early in the
morning. He exercises every day before having breakfast. He runs three times
every week and plays soccer　 　(one)
a week. He also has good eating habits. He　 　(try) to eat all kinds of fruits. He
thinks apples are the　 　(delicious)
of all fruits. He believes "Having 　 　 apple every day keeps the 　 　(ill)away. "He drinks milk every day
and often eats vegetables. He likes hamburgers 　 　he doesn't eat too much. He looks after
his health well. Good eating habits and doing exercises every day are good for
him.
Scott is different 　 　 Rick. He is kind of 　 　(health). He doesn't like doing exercise
and sleeps too late. He likes eating junk food, too. He is fat now, and he　 　(ask)to lose weight by his doctor.
【答案】hours；once；tries；most delicious；an；illness；but；from；unhealthy；is asked
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】主要讲了正在的两个朋友——Rick和Scott的不同的生活方式。
（1）句意：他每天睡八九个小时。eight or nine后面用可数名词复数，hour的复数是hours，故答案为 hours。
（2）句意：他每周跑步三次，每周踢一次足球。once a week，每周一次，故答案为once。
（3）句意：他试图吃各种水果。时态是一般现在时，主语是he，所以用动词的单三形式，故答案为tries。
（4）句意：他认为苹果是所有水果中最美味的。由比较范围of all fruits推断此处填最高级形式，delicious的最高级是the most delicious，故答案为most delicious。
（5）句意：每天吃一个苹果可以使疾病远离。apple是以元音音素开头的单数名词，所以用冠词an，故答案为an。
（6）句意：每天吃一个苹果可以使疾病远离。由空前的冠词the，推断此处填形容词ill的名词形式illness，疾病，故答案为illness。
（7）句意：他喜欢吃汉堡包，但不吃太多。前后表示转折，所以用连词but，但是，故答案为but。
（8）句意：斯科特和里克不一样。be different from，与……不同，故答案为from。
（9）句意：他有点不健康。根据前句可知Rick和Scott生活方式是不同的，Rick是健康的，所以Scott是不健康的，is后面用形容词，unhealthy，不健康的，故答案为unhealthy。
（10）句意：他现在很胖，医生要他减肥。主语he是动作ask的承受者，时态是一般现在时，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，结构是be+动词过去分词，主语是单数he，所以用is，ask的过去分词是asked，故答案为 is asked。
【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。
3．（2019·黄冈）阅读下面的材料，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（提示：每空不超过三个单词）
Dear Laura,
Thanks for your message. Yes, I'm having a
great time on my exchange program in France. I was a bit nervous before I
arrived here, but there was no reason to be. My host family is really nice.
They go out of their way　 　(make) me feel at home. The
grandmother has a teenage granddaughter about my age 　 　 is really kind. She always talks to me in
French to help me practice. And you wouldn't believe how quickly my French has　 　(improve)! I'm very comfortable
speaking French now. 　 　I
still make lots of mistakes, it doesn't worry me as it used to.
My biggest challenge is learning how to
behave at the dinner table. 　 　you
can imagine, things are really different from the way they are at home. For
example, you shouldn't put your bread on your plate. You　 　 (suppose) to put it on the table! I thought
that was pretty strange at first, but now I'm used to it. You shouldn't eat　 　(something) with your hands except
bread, not even fruit. You have to cut it up and eat it with a fork. Another
thing is that it is very　 　(polite)
to say you're full. If you don't want any more food, you should just say, "It
was delicious." Also, you shouldn't put your elbows on the table. I have
to say that I find it difficult to remember everything, but I'm　 　(gradual) getting used to it. I don't
find French customs so strange any more.
Dear Laura, I'll write again soon and tell
you more about my life in France. Hope you are having　 　good school year.
Yours,
Lin Yue
【答案】to make；who/that；improved；Although／Though；As；are supposed；anything；impolite；gradually；a
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】主要讲了林悦写信告诉Laura自己在法国当交换生的情况。
（1）句意：他们特意让我感到宾至如归。go out of one's way to do sth.特意做某事，故填to make。
（2）句意：那个奶奶有一个和我年龄相仿的孙女，并且她是友好的。根据句子可知是定语从句，先行词是granddaughter，指的是人，所以关系词用who/that，故填who/that。
（3）句意：你不相信我的法语已经提高了多快。has+动词过去分词，表示现在完成时，improve的过去分词是improved，故填improved。
（4）句意：尽管我仍然犯许多错误，但是它不像过去一样使我担心。虽然我仍然有错，但是不让我担心，所以用although/though，故填Although／Though。
（5）句意：正如你可以想象的。as you can imagine，正如你可以想象的，故填As。
（6）句意：你应该把它放在桌子上。be supposed to do应该做某事，时态是一般现在时，主语是you，所以用are，故填are supposed。
（7）句意：你不应该用你的手吃任何东西。句子是否定句，所以用anything，故填anything。
（8）句意：另一件事是说你饱了是非常不礼貌的。根据后句If you don't want any more food, you should just say, "It was delicious." 如果吃饱了，仅仅说食物是美味的，说饱了是不礼貌的。polite礼貌的，其对应词是impolite，is后面用形容词，故填impolite。
（9）句意：但是我逐渐习惯于它。副词修饰实义动词，getting是实义动词，所以用形容词gradual的副词gradually，故填gradually。
（10）句意：希望你一直有个愉快的学年。year是单数，good以辅音音素开头，所以用a，故填a。
【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。
4．（2019·河北）根据短文内容所给提示，在文中的横线上填写一个正确的单词。
I have a
photo album (相册). It's a present from my classmate—David.
I got to
know David on the 　 　 (two) day of middle school. We both liked playing basketball
and collecting stamps, s　 　 we always had a lot of things to talk about.
Once I traveled with him to his hometown in the countryside. He showed me a　 　
and I saw many interesting things. We had a 　 　 (wonder) time. It is really
nice to have such 　 　 good classmate.
However,
last summer, David 　 　 (go) to another city because of his father's job.
Before leaving, he gave 　 　 (I) a photo album. “It has the memorable events
we have experienced together. I have also written some 　 　 (note) under each
of these photos," he said. I was 　 　 (deep) moved.
I always
look at the album when I think 　 　 David. I really miss him.
【答案】second；so；around；wonderful；a；went；me；notes；deeply；of
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】文章大意本文主要叙述大卫给作者相册的经过。
（1）考查数词。句意：我在中学的第二天认识了大卫。根据前面的the和可数名词单数day，要用序数词。基数词two的序数词second，故答案为：second。
（2）考查连词。句意：我们都喜欢打篮球和集邮，所以我们总是有很多事情要谈。根据前后句判断应该填连词，有共同的爱好，所以才会有共同语言，是因果关系，根据首字母，要用连词so，故答案为：so。
（3）考查固定短语。句意：他带我四处转转，我看到了许多有趣的事情。根据下文 I saw many interesting things. 可知带她四处转转。由show和首字母，可知要用show sb. around，带某人参观，固定短语，故答案为：around。
（4）考查形容词。句意：我们玩得很开心。空格后有名词time，要用形容词修饰作定语。wonder，惊讶，动词或名词，形容词为wonderful。have a wonderful time，过得愉快或玩得高兴，固定短语，答案为：wonderful。
（5）考查不定冠词。句意：有这么好的同学真是太好了。classmate，同学，可数名词单数，其前要用不定冠词，且good是以辅音音素开头，要用不定冠词a，故答案为：a。
（6）考查一般过去时。句意：去年夏天，大卫因为他父亲的工作去了另一个城市。根据前面的时间状语last summer，可知句子要用一般过去时，go的过去式went，故答案为：went。
（7）考查代词宾格。句意：在离开之前，他给了我一本相册。give，给，及物动词 。要接双宾语，give sb. sth. give动词后要用代词宾格，I 的宾格me，故答案为：me。
（8）考查名词复数。句意：我也在每张照片下面写了一些笔记。note，日记，可数名词；空格前有some，其后要用可数名词复数notes，故答案为：notes。
（9）考查副词。句意：我深深地感动了。根据moved，感动，动词；修饰动词要用副词。形容词deep的副词形式为deeply，故答案为：deeply。
（10）考查固定短语。句意：每当我想起大卫时，我总是看这个相册。think of，表示想到，想起。固定短语，故答案为：of。
【点评】考查语法填空。主要涉及的名词复数、序数词、一般过去时、人称代词宾格、连词副词等。
5．（2019·临沂）根据短文内容，用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词或情态动词。
A bus ran off a bridge into the Yangtze
River in Chongqing on October 28, 2018. The accident 　 　 (cause) by a fight between the driver and a
passenger, killing all 15 people on the bus.
According to the police report, a 45-year-old female passenger, surnamed Liu, argued with the driver, surnamed Ran. Liu was angry because Ran refused 　 　 (stop) the bus after she missed her station. She then hit the driver, causing the accident. The video shows that Liu hit Ran with her mobile phone twice while Ran 　 　(drive) the bus. Rather than stop in the middle of the road. Ran kept driving. But in protecting himself, he lost control of the bus and a tragedy (悲剧) happened.
The police said that both Liu and Ran had
broken criminal law by seriously endangering (危及)
public safety. And the police 　 　 (announce), "Liu hit the driver with her
phone and prevented the driver from driving the bus safely. The driver, too,
didn't do his best to make sure that his driving was safe."
The accident also caused heated discussions
on the Internet. Besides feeling terribly sorry for the tragedy, most Internet
users blamed (指责) Liu, while some others criticized the
driver. More users were talking about what they should do. One Weibo user said,
"We 　 　 (stand) up and stop such fights between
passengers and drivers 　 　 (avoid) this kind of tragedy."
Another user advised that a safety barrier
(屏障) should be set up on the bus. It can stop passengers from 　 　 (touch) the bus driver.
【答案】was caused；to stop；was driving；announced；should stand；to avoid；touching
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章记 叙了一个刘姓女乘客和公共汽车司机冉打斗致使公共汽车上的15人全被杀死的事故，这次事故掀起了网络上的热议，提出了解决办法。
（1）句意：这次事故被司机和乘客之间的打斗造成的。cause：造成，引起，和accident是被动关系，要用被动语态，根据前面的时间状语可知要用一般过去时，主语是单数，故答案为was caused。
（2）句意：刘生气了因为刘错过了她的站，冉拒绝停车。拒绝做某事：refuse to do sth, 故答案为to stop。
（3）句意：录像显示当冉开车的时候，刘用她的手机打了冉两次。叙述过去正在进行的动作要用过去进行时，主语是单数，故答案为was driving。
（4）句意：警察宣布说，“刘用手机击中司机，阻止司机安全地开公共汽车。”发生在过去的事情要用一般过去时，故答案为announced。
（5）句意：一个微博使用者说，“为了避免这种悲剧的发生，我们应该站起来阻止乘客和司机之间的打斗。”表示理应做某事要用should do sth. 故答案为should stand。
（6）句子中已有动词，avoid是非谓语动词，动词不定式做目的状语，故答案为to avoid。
（7）句意：它能阻止乘客触碰公共汽车司机。stop sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事，故答案为touching。
【点评】考查语法填空,首先通读全文掌握大意，然后根据所给词或者上下文写出正确的单词，主语时态，语态和固定搭配，确保文章通顺、完整。
6．（2019·滨州）阅读下面短文，用括号内地词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词或情态动词。
Have you ever read the book A brief History of Times It 　 　(write) by Stephen Hawking in 2013.
Stephen Hawking was born on January 8th, 1942, exactly 300 years after the death of Galileo in Oxford, England. At the age of eleven, Stephen went to Oxford University, his father's old college. After three years, he won a first class honour degree in 　 　(nature) science.
In October 1962, Stephen arrived at the University of Cambridge 　 　(do) research. He 　 　(real) enjoyed his time there. Unluckily, Stephen had a bad 　 　(ill) shortly after his 21st birthday in 1963 and was given two years to live. Yet he went on 　 　(work) hard to become an excellent scientist. Stephen didn't live by 　 　(he), he fell in love with Jane Wilde and they got 　 　(marry) in 1965, then they had three 　 　(child).
Hawking liked China very much, he had visited China several times. On November 24th, 2017, Hawking 　 　(reply) Wang Junkai on his Weibo. He said he was pleased to answer the excellent question from Mr. Wang Junkai.
He once said, "My goal is simple, it is complete understanding of the universe(宇宙)." Stephen Hawking is regarded as one of the most famous scientists since Einstein. Hawking died on March 14th, 2018.
【答案】was written；natural；to do；really；illness；working；himself；married；children；replied
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】主要讲了霍金的生平。
（1）句意：它是由史蒂芬霍金在2013年写的。主语it是动作write的承受者，时态是一般过去时，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，结构是was/were+动词过去分词，主语it是单数，所以用was，write的过去分词是written，故填was written。
（2）句意：他在自然科学方面赢得班级一等学位。science是名词，形容词修饰名词，名词nature的形容词是natural，故填natural。
（3）句意：斯蒂芬到达剑桥大学做调查。do，做，动词，来剑桥大学的目的是做调查，所以用to do不定式表目的，故填to do。
（4）句意：他真地在那里享受他的时间。real，真是的，形容词，副词修饰实义动词，enjoyed是实义动词，形容词real的副词是really，故填really。
（5）句意：斯蒂芬在1963年21岁生日后很快得了严重的疾病。ill，生病的，形容词，形容词修饰名词，bad是形容词，形容词ill的名词是illness，a后面用单数，故填illness。
（6）句意：他继续努力工作成为一名极好的科学家。work，工作，动词，go on doing sth.继续做某事，所以用working，故填working。
（7）句意：斯蒂芬不能自己生活。he，他，主格人称代词，by oneself，某人自己，he的反身代词是himself，故填himself。
（8）句意：他们在1965年结婚。marry，结婚，动词，get married，结婚，故填married。
（9）句意：他们有了3个孩子。three后面用复数，child的复数是children，故填children。
（10）句意：霍金在微博上回复王俊凯。reply，回复，动词，时态是一般过去时，所以用replied，故填replied。
【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。
7．（2019·玉林）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Twenty years ago, I drove a taxi for my life and sometimes I had to work at night.
One late night, I got a telephone call 　 　a neighborhood. When I arrived there at 2: 30 am, the only building was dark except a single light in the 　 　(five) floor window. So I walked up and knocked at the door.
Just a minute, "answered a weak voice. After a long time, the door opened and a small woman　 　(stand) in front of me. Next to her was a small box.
Quickly I took her box to the car and then returned to hold her. She kept　 　(thank)me.
When we got in the car, she asked, "Can you drive me through the blocks
"　 　 it's too late now, "I replied.
"I don't mind," she said slowly. "I'm in no hurry. The doctor says I don't have much time to live…"
I 　 　(quiet) turned off the meter(计费器), For the next two hours, we drove through the city and passed the building where she had once worked, the neighborhood where she and her husband had lived ,and some other places. As　 　sun was rising, we stopped in front of a low building. Two young　 　(woman) were waiting there. They were both the nurses who would look after her.
"How much do I have to pay " she asked.
"Nothing, "I replied. I was sure I would never forget this　 　(pain)experience.
She looked surprised, "You gave a woman who is dying a little moment of pleasure, "she said.
"Thank you".
Sometimes people may not remember exactly what you did or said. However, they'll always remember how you make 　 　(they) feel. And they'll never forget it.
【答案】from；fifth；stood；thanking；But；quietly；the；women；painful；them
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】（1）句意：天深夜，我接到一个邻居打来的电话。根据 I got a telephone call 可知是来自某人的电话，从from，故答案为：from。
（2）句意：当我凌晨2：30到达那里时，除了五楼的窗户上只有一盏灯外，唯一的一栋楼是漆黑的。在第几楼用序数词， fifth第五，修饰名词，故答案为：fifth。
（3）句意：过了很长一段时间，门开了，一个小女人站在我面前。根据the door opened and a small woman可知用一般过去时，故答案为：stood。
（4）句意：她一直在感谢我。keep doing sth 坚持做某事，固定搭配，故答案为：thanking。
（5）句意：但现在太晚了．根据Can you drive me through the blocks， it's too late now, "I replied. 这两句之间是转折关系，连词用but但是，故答案为：But。
（6）句意：我悄悄地关掉了计费器。根据 turned off the meter，可知用副词修饰动词，quiet安静的，形容词，quietly安静地，副词，故答案为：quietly。
（7）句意：太阳升起时，我们停在一幢低矮的建筑前。世界上独一无二的事物的名词前加 the，故答案为：the。
（8）句意：两个年轻女人在那里等着。根据Two young可知用复数，woman的复数是women，故答案是women。
（9）句意：我确信我永远不会忘记这痛苦的经历。根据experience可知用形容词修饰名词，pain痛苦，名词，painful形容词，痛苦的，故答案为：painful。
（10）句意：然而，他们会永远记得你给他们的感觉。动词make后跟宾格，they他们，主格，them作宾语，故答案为：them。
【点评】此题考查语法填空。我们先阅读短文，理解短文大意。然后仔细阅读每个句子，根据句意和语法语法知识确定句子中所缺的词或用所给词的正确形式填空，完成短文。
8．（2019·天水）语法填空
We can't remember clearly when we started
to take our mobiles to the dinner table. This often, 　 　 (especial) when we eat out. Once a dish comes,
　 　 of lifting our chopsticks, we take out our
mobiles and click. Later, we post the photos onto Weibo or WeChat, waiting to
be "liked". Then we check our mobiles from time to time during the
meal to see whether we get "liked" 　 　 not. We just cannot leave our mobiles for only
a meal.
Does that sound familiar to you Do you do
that often？ If not, how do you feel when others do
that while having dinner with you？
A recent study suggests that what we are used
to 　 　 (do) is not so good. Spending taking photos of
food makes the food less pleasant. To test this, some researchers did an
experiment. Some people were 　 　 (ask) to take photos before they could enjoy
food. As a 　 　 , it showed that the 　 　 (many) photos they took, the less delicious
the food 　 　 to them. Why not stop taking photos and just
enjoy the food in front of you？
So, next time you go out to have dinner
with your family or friends. How about not 　 　 (take) photos of food Let the food be
delicious as it is and share your life with people 　 　 you. Trust me, and it will be a wonderful time.
【答案】especially；instead；or；doing；asked；result；more；seemed；taking；around
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】（1）句意：这种情况经常发生，特别是当我们出去吃饭的时候。根据 when we eat out可知用副词修饰动词，especial形容词，格外的，特殊的，especially尤其是，副词，故答案为：especially。
（2）句意：一旦有一道菜来了，我们就拿出手机点击，而不是举起筷子。instead代替，instead of 代替，而不是，固定短语，故答案为： instead。
（3）句意：然后，我们在吃饭的时候不时检查手机，看看我们是否"受欢迎"。根据whether we get"liked"可知此处是查看是否受欢迎， whether…or not 是否，是不是，故答案为：or。
（4）句意：最近的一项研究表明，我们习惯做的事情不是那么好。be used to doing sth 习惯于做某事，故答案为：doing。
（5）句意：有些人被要求在享受食物之前拍照。根据Some people were...to take photos 可知本句是一般过去时的被动语态，was/were +过去分词，故答案为：asked。
（6）句意：结果显示他们拍的照片越多，他们觉得食似乎物越不好吃。as a result结果，固定短语，故答案为：result。
（7）句意：结果显示他们拍的照片越多，他们觉得食物似乎越不好吃。根据 the less delicious the food 可知句型是the +比较级，the+比较级，越……越……，many的比较级是more，故答案为：more。
（8）句意：他们觉得食物似乎越不好吃。根据the less delicious the food …to them这个句子是系表结构，可知填系动词，seem系动词，似乎，好像，根据photos they took用一般过去时，故答案是为：seemed。
（9）句意：下次你和家人或朋友出去吃饭的时候，不拍食物的照片怎么样？介词How about后跟动名词，故答案为：taking。
（10）句意：让食物变得美味，与周围的人分享你的生活。根据常识可知要与你周围的人分享生活。people around you 你周围的人，around you 介词短语作短语，故答案为：around。
【点评】此题考查语法填空。先跳过空格阅读短文，理解短文大意。然后仔细阅读每个句子，根据英语语法知识用所给词的正确形式填空。对于所缺的词，要根据上下文的联系确定。
9．（2019·乐山）阅读下面短文，用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。
One day, Mr. and Mrs.
Smith are celebrating their 　 　(sixty)
birthday. They got　 　 (marry) 30 years ago.
During the party an angel (天使) turns up. "You've been such a 　 　(love) couple for 30 years. I will give you one wish each,"
the angel says.
Mrs. Smith
wants 　 　(travel) around the world. The angel waves her wand (手杖) and boom (隆地一声)! Mrs. Smith has the
tickets in her hand.
Next, it is Mr. Smith's turn. He thinks for a moment. "Well, I'd like to have a woman 30 years 　 　(young)
than me," he says shyly.
The angel lifts up her wand, and boom! He
turns 90.
【答案】60th/ sixtieth；married；loving / lovely；to travel；younger
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文讲述了60岁的Smith夫妇是一对恩爱的夫妇，因此天使在他们生日时允许他们每人许一个愿，先生许愿想要个比他年轻30岁的女人，于是天使把他变成了90岁。
（1）句意： 一天，史密斯夫妇正在庆祝他们的60岁生日。 表示第几岁的生日用序数词，sixty的先序数词是 60th/ sixtieth，故填 60th/ sixtieth。
（2）句意：他们30年轻结婚。get married，固定搭配，结婚，故填married。
（3）句意： 30年来，你们一直是如此相爱的一对。 couple是名词，其前是形容词， loving / lovely 是形容词，充满深情的，可爱的，故填。
（4）句意： 史密斯夫人想要环游世界。 want to do，固定搭配，想要做，travel，是动词，故填travel。
（5）句意： 嗯，我想要一个比我年轻30岁的女人，”他害羞地说 。根据than可知此处是比较级，young的比较级是younger，故填younger。
【点评】考查语言综合运用能力，注意序数词，词性，比较级搭配等多种用法。
10．（2019·宁波）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
An
old man went to India. When he got there, he saw some fruit for sale, but most
of it was very cheap. The 　 　 (cheap) thing has a basket of red fruit.
"How
much per kilo " the old man 　 　 (ask).
"Two
rupees (卢比)," the shopkeeper
answered. Two rupees in India is almost nothing, 　 　 the old man bought a
whole kilogram and started eating it.
However,
as soon as he started eating, his mouth began 　 　 (burn), his eyes began
to water, and his whole face became as red 　 　 the fruit. As he coughed
and struggled to breathe, he jumped up and 　 　, screaming: "Ah! Ah! Ah!"
And
yet he continued to eat the fruit. Some people who were looking at him shook
their 　 　 (head) and said, "You are crazy! Those are chili peppers (辣椒)!You can't just eat them
by the handful!"
The
old man said to 　 　 (he),"I paid for them, so I must eat them."
This
old man seemed pretty stupid. But are we so much smarter All of us have 　 　
(spend) money and time on something-maybe a relationship, or a business, or a
job-and sometimes, even if we know there's no hope that things will change, we
still continue with it.
What
we can learn 　 　 the old man is this: if you've lost a lot over something
that doesn't work, let it go and move on. It's better than continuing to lose.
【答案】cheapest；asked；so；to burn /burning；as；down；heads；himself；spent；from
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】文章大意：这篇短文主要讲述了一个人因为贪便宜，买了一些根本不能作为水果的辣椒。结果因为舍不得自己花的那些钱，坚持把它们吃完的故事。从而告诉我们放弃某些东西比继续损失要好。
（1）句意：最便宜的东西有一篮子红水果。cheap，便宜。根据上文语句but most of it was very cheap. 提示可知，此句应该用最高级，故填cheapest。
（2）句意：“每公斤多少钱？”老人问。ask，询问，由语句 An old man went to India. 提示可知此句要用一般过去时，故填asked。
（3）句意：所以这位老人买了整整一公斤，开始吃。语句the old man bought a whole kilogram and started eating it.是Two rupees in India is almost nothing, 的结果，故填so。
（4）句意：然而，他一开始吃东西，嘴巴就开始燃烧。burn，燃烧；固定结构begin to do sth，开始做某事，故填to burn/burning。
（5）句意：整个脸变得像水果一样红。固定结构as…as，与……一样，故填as。
（6）句意：他跳上跳下，尖叫着：“啊！啊！“啊！”固定短语，jump up and down，跳上跳下，故填down。
（7）句意：有些人看着他，摇摇头说：“你疯了！head，头，因前面some people，要用复数形式，故填heads。
（8）句意：老人自言自语道：“我付了钱，所以我必须吃。”固定短语，say to oneself，因主语是he，故填himself。
（9）句意：我们所有人都把时间和金钱花在了一些事情上。spend，花费，动词。因前面有助动词have，其后要用过去分词，故填spent。
（10）句意：我们可以从这位老人身上学到的是……。固定短语，learn from sb，向某人学习，故填from。
【点评】考查语法填空。通读全文理解大意，然后根据上下文或者所给单词的提示对所缺部分进行逐一解答。
二一教育在线组卷平台（zujuan.21cnjy.com）自动生成 1 / 1登录二一教育在线组卷平台 助您教考全无忧
备战2020年中考英语专题复习——语法填空·短文类（真题）
一、语法填空
1．（2019·绵阳）阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个恰当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The topic of this programme is
environmental protection. We human beings 　 　(do) a lot of things at the cost of the
environment to develop economy quickly in the past few years. I do think it is time
for us to understand the 　 　(important)
of protecting the environment and do something about it. And today I would like
　 　(introduce)
some simple but useful ways that we can follow 　 　(easy) in our daily life. Firstly, turn 　 　lights if it is unnecessary. Then, go out
in environment﹣friendly ways such as by bus, by subway
or by bike. We can even walk to work when possible,　 　it is really helpful for both of our
budget and health. Thirdly, try best to 　 　(use)things like books, paper, magazines
and so on. And we can also take a cloth bag when we go 　 　(shop). Please don't use plastic ones. Of
course the public should raise environmental awareness and realize it is 　 　(everyone) duty to protect the
environment. Last but not least, the government should make laws to guide
people's 　 　(behave).
2．（2019·遵义）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
I
have two friends in our class, Rick and Scott. Rick has a good lifestyle. He
sleeps eight or nine 　 　 (hour)a day. So he can get up early in the
morning. He exercises every day before having breakfast. He runs three times
every week and plays soccer　 　(one)
a week. He also has good eating habits. He　 　(try) to eat all kinds of fruits. He
thinks apples are the　 　(delicious)
of all fruits. He believes "Having 　 　 apple every day keeps the 　 　(ill)away. "He drinks milk every day
and often eats vegetables. He likes hamburgers 　 　he doesn't eat too much. He looks after
his health well. Good eating habits and doing exercises every day are good for
him.
Scott is different 　 　 Rick. He is kind of 　 　(health). He doesn't like doing exercise
and sleeps too late. He likes eating junk food, too. He is fat now, and he　 　(ask)to lose weight by his doctor.
3．（2019·黄冈）阅读下面的材料，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（提示：每空不超过三个单词）
Dear Laura,
Thanks for your message. Yes, I'm having a
great time on my exchange program in France. I was a bit nervous before I
arrived here, but there was no reason to be. My host family is really nice.
They go out of their way　 　(make) me feel at home. The
grandmother has a teenage granddaughter about my age 　 　 is really kind. She always talks to me in
French to help me practice. And you wouldn't believe how quickly my French has　 　(improve)! I'm very comfortable
speaking French now. 　 　I
still make lots of mistakes, it doesn't worry me as it used to.
My biggest challenge is learning how to
behave at the dinner table. 　 　you
can imagine, things are really different from the way they are at home. For
example, you shouldn't put your bread on your plate. You　 　 (suppose) to put it on the table! I thought
that was pretty strange at first, but now I'm used to it. You shouldn't eat　 　(something) with your hands except
bread, not even fruit. You have to cut it up and eat it with a fork. Another
thing is that it is very　 　(polite)
to say you're full. If you don't want any more food, you should just say, "It
was delicious." Also, you shouldn't put your elbows on the table. I have
to say that I find it difficult to remember everything, but I'm　 　(gradual) getting used to it. I don't
find French customs so strange any more.
Dear Laura, I'll write again soon and tell
you more about my life in France. Hope you are having　 　good school year.
Yours,
Lin Yue
4．（2019·河北）根据短文内容所给提示，在文中的横线上填写一个正确的单词。
I have a
photo album (相册). It's a present from my classmate—David.
I got to
know David on the 　 　 (two) day of middle school. We both liked playing basketball
and collecting stamps, s　 　 we always had a lot of things to talk about.
Once I traveled with him to his hometown in the countryside. He showed me a　 　
and I saw many interesting things. We had a 　 　 (wonder) time. It is really
nice to have such 　 　 good classmate.
However,
last summer, David 　 　 (go) to another city because of his father's job.
Before leaving, he gave 　 　 (I) a photo album. “It has the memorable events
we have experienced together. I have also written some 　 　 (note) under each
of these photos," he said. I was 　 　 (deep) moved.
I always
look at the album when I think 　 　 David. I really miss him.
5．（2019·临沂）根据短文内容，用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词或情态动词。
A bus ran off a bridge into the Yangtze
River in Chongqing on October 28, 2018. The accident 　 　 (cause) by a fight between the driver and a
passenger, killing all 15 people on the bus.
According to the police report, a 45-year-old female passenger, surnamed Liu, argued with the driver, surnamed Ran. Liu was angry because Ran refused 　 　 (stop) the bus after she missed her station. She then hit the driver, causing the accident. The video shows that Liu hit Ran with her mobile phone twice while Ran 　 　(drive) the bus. Rather than stop in the middle of the road. Ran kept driving. But in protecting himself, he lost control of the bus and a tragedy (悲剧) happened.
The police said that both Liu and Ran had
broken criminal law by seriously endangering (危及)
public safety. And the police 　 　 (announce), "Liu hit the driver with her
phone and prevented the driver from driving the bus safely. The driver, too,
didn't do his best to make sure that his driving was safe."
The accident also caused heated discussions
on the Internet. Besides feeling terribly sorry for the tragedy, most Internet
users blamed (指责) Liu, while some others criticized the
driver. More users were talking about what they should do. One Weibo user said,
"We 　 　 (stand) up and stop such fights between
passengers and drivers 　 　 (avoid) this kind of tragedy."
Another user advised that a safety barrier
(屏障) should be set up on the bus. It can stop passengers from 　 　 (touch) the bus driver.
6．（2019·滨州）阅读下面短文，用括号内地词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词或情态动词。
Have you ever read the book A brief History of Times It 　 　(write) by Stephen Hawking in 2013.
Stephen Hawking was born on January 8th, 1942, exactly 300 years after the death of Galileo in Oxford, England. At the age of eleven, Stephen went to Oxford University, his father's old college. After three years, he won a first class honour degree in 　 　(nature) science.
In October 1962, Stephen arrived at the University of Cambridge 　 　(do) research. He 　 　(real) enjoyed his time there. Unluckily, Stephen had a bad 　 　(ill) shortly after his 21st birthday in 1963 and was given two years to live. Yet he went on 　 　(work) hard to become an excellent scientist. Stephen didn't live by 　 　(he), he fell in love with Jane Wilde and they got 　 　(marry) in 1965, then they had three 　 　(child).
Hawking liked China very much, he had visited China several times. On November 24th, 2017, Hawking 　 　(reply) Wang Junkai on his Weibo. He said he was pleased to answer the excellent question from Mr. Wang Junkai.
He once said, "My goal is simple, it is complete understanding of the universe(宇宙)." Stephen Hawking is regarded as one of the most famous scientists since Einstein. Hawking died on March 14th, 2018.
7．（2019·玉林）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Twenty years ago, I drove a taxi for my life and sometimes I had to work at night.
One late night, I got a telephone call 　 　a neighborhood. When I arrived there at 2: 30 am, the only building was dark except a single light in the 　 　(five) floor window. So I walked up and knocked at the door.
Just a minute, "answered a weak voice. After a long time, the door opened and a small woman　 　(stand) in front of me. Next to her was a small box.
Quickly I took her box to the car and then returned to hold her. She kept　 　(thank)me.
When we got in the car, she asked, "Can you drive me through the blocks
"　 　 it's too late now, "I replied.
"I don't mind," she said slowly. "I'm in no hurry. The doctor says I don't have much time to live…"
I 　 　(quiet) turned off the meter(计费器), For the next two hours, we drove through the city and passed the building where she had once worked, the neighborhood where she and her husband had lived ,and some other places. As　 　sun was rising, we stopped in front of a low building. Two young　 　(woman) were waiting there. They were both the nurses who would look after her.
"How much do I have to pay " she asked.
"Nothing, "I replied. I was sure I would never forget this　 　(pain)experience.
She looked surprised, "You gave a woman who is dying a little moment of pleasure, "she said.
"Thank you".
Sometimes people may not remember exactly what you did or said. However, they'll always remember how you make 　 　(they) feel. And they'll never forget it.
8．（2019·天水）语法填空
We can't remember clearly when we started
to take our mobiles to the dinner table. This often, 　 　 (especial) when we eat out. Once a dish comes,
　 　 of lifting our chopsticks, we take out our
mobiles and click. Later, we post the photos onto Weibo or WeChat, waiting to
be "liked". Then we check our mobiles from time to time during the
meal to see whether we get "liked" 　 　 not. We just cannot leave our mobiles for only
a meal.
Does that sound familiar to you Do you do
that often？ If not, how do you feel when others do
that while having dinner with you？
A recent study suggests that what we are used
to 　 　 (do) is not so good. Spending taking photos of
food makes the food less pleasant. To test this, some researchers did an
experiment. Some people were 　 　 (ask) to take photos before they could enjoy
food. As a 　 　 , it showed that the 　 　 (many) photos they took, the less delicious
the food 　 　 to them. Why not stop taking photos and just
enjoy the food in front of you？
So, next time you go out to have dinner
with your family or friends. How about not 　 　 (take) photos of food Let the food be
delicious as it is and share your life with people 　 　 you. Trust me, and it will be a wonderful time.
9．（2019·乐山）阅读下面短文，用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。
One day, Mr. and Mrs.
Smith are celebrating their 　 　(sixty)
birthday. They got　 　 (marry) 30 years ago.
During the party an angel (天使) turns up. "You've been such a 　 　(love) couple for 30 years. I will give you one wish each,"
the angel says.
Mrs. Smith
wants 　 　(travel) around the world. The angel waves her wand (手杖) and boom (隆地一声)! Mrs. Smith has the
tickets in her hand.
Next, it is Mr. Smith's turn. He thinks for a moment. "Well, I'd like to have a woman 30 years 　 　(young)
than me," he says shyly.
The angel lifts up her wand, and boom! He
turns 90.
10．（2019·宁波）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
An
old man went to India. When he got there, he saw some fruit for sale, but most
of it was very cheap. The 　 　 (cheap) thing has a basket of red fruit.
"How
much per kilo " the old man 　 　 (ask).
"Two
rupees (卢比)," the shopkeeper
answered. Two rupees in India is almost nothing, 　 　 the old man bought a
whole kilogram and started eating it.
However,
as soon as he started eating, his mouth began 　 　 (burn), his eyes began
to water, and his whole face became as red 　 　 the fruit. As he coughed
and struggled to breathe, he jumped up and 　 　, screaming: "Ah! Ah! Ah!"
And
yet he continued to eat the fruit. Some people who were looking at him shook
their 　 　 (head) and said, "You are crazy! Those are chili peppers (辣椒)!You can't just eat them
by the handful!"
The
old man said to 　 　 (he),"I paid for them, so I must eat them."
This
old man seemed pretty stupid. But are we so much smarter All of us have 　 　
(spend) money and time on something-maybe a relationship, or a business, or a
job-and sometimes, even if we know there's no hope that things will change, we
still continue with it.
What
we can learn 　 　 the old man is this: if you've lost a lot over something
that doesn't work, let it go and move on. It's better than continuing to lose.
答案解析部分
1．【答案】have done；importance；to introduce；easily；off；because；use；shopping；everyone's；behavior
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】文章大意：我们人类在过去的几年里为了快速发展经济，做了很多牺牲环境的事情。我认为是时候让我们了解保护环境并采取措施了。今天我想介绍一些简单但有用的方法。首先，如果不必要，要关闭灯。然后，绿色出行，比如坐公共汽车、坐地铁或骑自行车。如果可能的话，我们甚至可以步行去上班。第三，尽量使用如书籍、纸张、杂志等这样的东西。当我们去购物时，我们也可以带一个布袋。当然，公众应该提高环境意识，认识到保护环境是每个人的责任。最后，政府应该制定法律来指导人民的行为。
（1）句意：在过去的几年里，为了快速发展经济，我们人类以牺牲环境为代价做了很多事情。根据 in the past few years，可知现在完成时态，现在完成时的结构是have done。 主语是复数，故答案是have done。
（2）句意：我认为是时候让我们了解保护环境的重要性并采取措施了。 the importance of.，……的重要性，固定搭配，故答案是importance。
（3）句意：今天，我想介绍一些简单但有用的方法，would like to do，想要干某事，固定搭配，故答案是to introduce。
（4）句意：我们可以在日常生活中很容易地遵循。 副词修饰动词，follow是动词，故答案是easily。
（5）句意：首先，如果没有必要的，关闭灯。关掉，turn off，固定搭配，故答案是off。
（6）句意：如果可能的话，我们甚至可以步行去上班，因为这对我们的预算和健康都很有帮助。 这是一个原因状语从句，能够构成原因状语从句的是because，故答案是because。
（7）句意：第三，尽量使用书籍、纸张、杂志等物品。try best to do，尽力做某事，固定搭配，故答案是use。
（8）句意：我们也可以在购物时带一个布袋。go shopping，去购物，固定搭配，故答案是shopping。
（9）句意：当然，公众应该提高环境意识，认识到保护环境是每个人的责任。duty名词，前面需要所有格， 每个人的，故答案是everyone's。
（10）句意：最后，政府应该制定法律来指导人们的行为。people's是名词所有格，后面加名词，故答案是behavior。
【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章，字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍，检查验证。
2．【答案】hours；once；tries；most delicious；an；illness；but；from；unhealthy；is asked
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】主要讲了正在的两个朋友——Rick和Scott的不同的生活方式。
（1）句意：他每天睡八九个小时。eight or nine后面用可数名词复数，hour的复数是hours，故答案为 hours。
（2）句意：他每周跑步三次，每周踢一次足球。once a week，每周一次，故答案为once。
（3）句意：他试图吃各种水果。时态是一般现在时，主语是he，所以用动词的单三形式，故答案为tries。
（4）句意：他认为苹果是所有水果中最美味的。由比较范围of all fruits推断此处填最高级形式，delicious的最高级是the most delicious，故答案为most delicious。
（5）句意：每天吃一个苹果可以使疾病远离。apple是以元音音素开头的单数名词，所以用冠词an，故答案为an。
（6）句意：每天吃一个苹果可以使疾病远离。由空前的冠词the，推断此处填形容词ill的名词形式illness，疾病，故答案为illness。
（7）句意：他喜欢吃汉堡包，但不吃太多。前后表示转折，所以用连词but，但是，故答案为but。
（8）句意：斯科特和里克不一样。be different from，与……不同，故答案为from。
（9）句意：他有点不健康。根据前句可知Rick和Scott生活方式是不同的，Rick是健康的，所以Scott是不健康的，is后面用形容词，unhealthy，不健康的，故答案为unhealthy。
（10）句意：他现在很胖，医生要他减肥。主语he是动作ask的承受者，时态是一般现在时，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，结构是be+动词过去分词，主语是单数he，所以用is，ask的过去分词是asked，故答案为 is asked。
【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。
3．【答案】to make；who/that；improved；Although／Though；As；are supposed；anything；impolite；gradually；a
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】主要讲了林悦写信告诉Laura自己在法国当交换生的情况。
（1）句意：他们特意让我感到宾至如归。go out of one's way to do sth.特意做某事，故填to make。
（2）句意：那个奶奶有一个和我年龄相仿的孙女，并且她是友好的。根据句子可知是定语从句，先行词是granddaughter，指的是人，所以关系词用who/that，故填who/that。
（3）句意：你不相信我的法语已经提高了多快。has+动词过去分词，表示现在完成时，improve的过去分词是improved，故填improved。
（4）句意：尽管我仍然犯许多错误，但是它不像过去一样使我担心。虽然我仍然有错，但是不让我担心，所以用although/though，故填Although／Though。
（5）句意：正如你可以想象的。as you can imagine，正如你可以想象的，故填As。
（6）句意：你应该把它放在桌子上。be supposed to do应该做某事，时态是一般现在时，主语是you，所以用are，故填are supposed。
（7）句意：你不应该用你的手吃任何东西。句子是否定句，所以用anything，故填anything。
（8）句意：另一件事是说你饱了是非常不礼貌的。根据后句If you don't want any more food, you should just say, "It was delicious." 如果吃饱了，仅仅说食物是美味的，说饱了是不礼貌的。polite礼貌的，其对应词是impolite，is后面用形容词，故填impolite。
（9）句意：但是我逐渐习惯于它。副词修饰实义动词，getting是实义动词，所以用形容词gradual的副词gradually，故填gradually。
（10）句意：希望你一直有个愉快的学年。year是单数，good以辅音音素开头，所以用a，故填a。
【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。
4．【答案】second；so；around；wonderful；a；went；me；notes；deeply；of
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】文章大意本文主要叙述大卫给作者相册的经过。
（1）考查数词。句意：我在中学的第二天认识了大卫。根据前面的the和可数名词单数day，要用序数词。基数词two的序数词second，故答案为：second。
（2）考查连词。句意：我们都喜欢打篮球和集邮，所以我们总是有很多事情要谈。根据前后句判断应该填连词，有共同的爱好，所以才会有共同语言，是因果关系，根据首字母，要用连词so，故答案为：so。
（3）考查固定短语。句意：他带我四处转转，我看到了许多有趣的事情。根据下文 I saw many interesting things. 可知带她四处转转。由show和首字母，可知要用show sb. around，带某人参观，固定短语，故答案为：around。
（4）考查形容词。句意：我们玩得很开心。空格后有名词time，要用形容词修饰作定语。wonder，惊讶，动词或名词，形容词为wonderful。have a wonderful time，过得愉快或玩得高兴，固定短语，答案为：wonderful。
（5）考查不定冠词。句意：有这么好的同学真是太好了。classmate，同学，可数名词单数，其前要用不定冠词，且good是以辅音音素开头，要用不定冠词a，故答案为：a。
（6）考查一般过去时。句意：去年夏天，大卫因为他父亲的工作去了另一个城市。根据前面的时间状语last summer，可知句子要用一般过去时，go的过去式went，故答案为：went。
（7）考查代词宾格。句意：在离开之前，他给了我一本相册。give，给，及物动词 。要接双宾语，give sb. sth. give动词后要用代词宾格，I 的宾格me，故答案为：me。
（8）考查名词复数。句意：我也在每张照片下面写了一些笔记。note，日记，可数名词；空格前有some，其后要用可数名词复数notes，故答案为：notes。
（9）考查副词。句意：我深深地感动了。根据moved，感动，动词；修饰动词要用副词。形容词deep的副词形式为deeply，故答案为：deeply。
（10）考查固定短语。句意：每当我想起大卫时，我总是看这个相册。think of，表示想到，想起。固定短语，故答案为：of。
【点评】考查语法填空。主要涉及的名词复数、序数词、一般过去时、人称代词宾格、连词副词等。
5．【答案】was caused；to stop；was driving；announced；should stand；to avoid；touching
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章记 叙了一个刘姓女乘客和公共汽车司机冉打斗致使公共汽车上的15人全被杀死的事故，这次事故掀起了网络上的热议，提出了解决办法。
（1）句意：这次事故被司机和乘客之间的打斗造成的。cause：造成，引起，和accident是被动关系，要用被动语态，根据前面的时间状语可知要用一般过去时，主语是单数，故答案为was caused。
（2）句意：刘生气了因为刘错过了她的站，冉拒绝停车。拒绝做某事：refuse to do sth, 故答案为to stop。
（3）句意：录像显示当冉开车的时候，刘用她的手机打了冉两次。叙述过去正在进行的动作要用过去进行时，主语是单数，故答案为was driving。
（4）句意：警察宣布说，“刘用手机击中司机，阻止司机安全地开公共汽车。”发生在过去的事情要用一般过去时，故答案为announced。
（5）句意：一个微博使用者说，“为了避免这种悲剧的发生，我们应该站起来阻止乘客和司机之间的打斗。”表示理应做某事要用should do sth. 故答案为should stand。
（6）句子中已有动词，avoid是非谓语动词，动词不定式做目的状语，故答案为to avoid。
（7）句意：它能阻止乘客触碰公共汽车司机。stop sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事，故答案为touching。
【点评】考查语法填空,首先通读全文掌握大意，然后根据所给词或者上下文写出正确的单词，主语时态，语态和固定搭配，确保文章通顺、完整。
6．【答案】was written；natural；to do；really；illness；working；himself；married；children；replied
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】主要讲了霍金的生平。
（1）句意：它是由史蒂芬霍金在2013年写的。主语it是动作write的承受者，时态是一般过去时，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，结构是was/were+动词过去分词，主语it是单数，所以用was，write的过去分词是written，故填was written。
（2）句意：他在自然科学方面赢得班级一等学位。science是名词，形容词修饰名词，名词nature的形容词是natural，故填natural。
（3）句意：斯蒂芬到达剑桥大学做调查。do，做，动词，来剑桥大学的目的是做调查，所以用to do不定式表目的，故填to do。
（4）句意：他真地在那里享受他的时间。real，真是的，形容词，副词修饰实义动词，enjoyed是实义动词，形容词real的副词是really，故填really。
（5）句意：斯蒂芬在1963年21岁生日后很快得了严重的疾病。ill，生病的，形容词，形容词修饰名词，bad是形容词，形容词ill的名词是illness，a后面用单数，故填illness。
（6）句意：他继续努力工作成为一名极好的科学家。work，工作，动词，go on doing sth.继续做某事，所以用working，故填working。
（7）句意：斯蒂芬不能自己生活。he，他，主格人称代词，by oneself，某人自己，he的反身代词是himself，故填himself。
（8）句意：他们在1965年结婚。marry，结婚，动词，get married，结婚，故填married。
（9）句意：他们有了3个孩子。three后面用复数，child的复数是children，故填children。
（10）句意：霍金在微博上回复王俊凯。reply，回复，动词，时态是一般过去时，所以用replied，故填replied。
【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。
7．【答案】from；fifth；stood；thanking；But；quietly；the；women；painful；them
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】（1）句意：天深夜，我接到一个邻居打来的电话。根据 I got a telephone call 可知是来自某人的电话，从from，故答案为：from。
（2）句意：当我凌晨2：30到达那里时，除了五楼的窗户上只有一盏灯外，唯一的一栋楼是漆黑的。在第几楼用序数词， fifth第五，修饰名词，故答案为：fifth。
（3）句意：过了很长一段时间，门开了，一个小女人站在我面前。根据the door opened and a small woman可知用一般过去时，故答案为：stood。
（4）句意：她一直在感谢我。keep doing sth 坚持做某事，固定搭配，故答案为：thanking。
（5）句意：但现在太晚了．根据Can you drive me through the blocks， it's too late now, "I replied. 这两句之间是转折关系，连词用but但是，故答案为：But。
（6）句意：我悄悄地关掉了计费器。根据 turned off the meter，可知用副词修饰动词，quiet安静的，形容词，quietly安静地，副词，故答案为：quietly。
（7）句意：太阳升起时，我们停在一幢低矮的建筑前。世界上独一无二的事物的名词前加 the，故答案为：the。
（8）句意：两个年轻女人在那里等着。根据Two young可知用复数，woman的复数是women，故答案是women。
（9）句意：我确信我永远不会忘记这痛苦的经历。根据experience可知用形容词修饰名词，pain痛苦，名词，painful形容词，痛苦的，故答案为：painful。
（10）句意：然而，他们会永远记得你给他们的感觉。动词make后跟宾格，they他们，主格，them作宾语，故答案为：them。
【点评】此题考查语法填空。我们先阅读短文，理解短文大意。然后仔细阅读每个句子，根据句意和语法语法知识确定句子中所缺的词或用所给词的正确形式填空，完成短文。
8．【答案】especially；instead；or；doing；asked；result；more；seemed；taking；around
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】（1）句意：这种情况经常发生，特别是当我们出去吃饭的时候。根据 when we eat out可知用副词修饰动词，especial形容词，格外的，特殊的，especially尤其是，副词，故答案为：especially。
（2）句意：一旦有一道菜来了，我们就拿出手机点击，而不是举起筷子。instead代替，instead of 代替，而不是，固定短语，故答案为： instead。
（3）句意：然后，我们在吃饭的时候不时检查手机，看看我们是否"受欢迎"。根据whether we get"liked"可知此处是查看是否受欢迎， whether…or not 是否，是不是，故答案为：or。
（4）句意：最近的一项研究表明，我们习惯做的事情不是那么好。be used to doing sth 习惯于做某事，故答案为：doing。
（5）句意：有些人被要求在享受食物之前拍照。根据Some people were...to take photos 可知本句是一般过去时的被动语态，was/were +过去分词，故答案为：asked。
（6）句意：结果显示他们拍的照片越多，他们觉得食似乎物越不好吃。as a result结果，固定短语，故答案为：result。
（7）句意：结果显示他们拍的照片越多，他们觉得食物似乎越不好吃。根据 the less delicious the food 可知句型是the +比较级，the+比较级，越……越……，many的比较级是more，故答案为：more。
（8）句意：他们觉得食物似乎越不好吃。根据the less delicious the food …to them这个句子是系表结构，可知填系动词，seem系动词，似乎，好像，根据photos they took用一般过去时，故答案是为：seemed。
（9）句意：下次你和家人或朋友出去吃饭的时候，不拍食物的照片怎么样？介词How about后跟动名词，故答案为：taking。
（10）句意：让食物变得美味，与周围的人分享你的生活。根据常识可知要与你周围的人分享生活。people around you 你周围的人，around you 介词短语作短语，故答案为：around。
【点评】此题考查语法填空。先跳过空格阅读短文，理解短文大意。然后仔细阅读每个句子，根据英语语法知识用所给词的正确形式填空。对于所缺的词，要根据上下文的联系确定。
9．【答案】60th/ sixtieth；married；loving / lovely；to travel；younger
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文讲述了60岁的Smith夫妇是一对恩爱的夫妇，因此天使在他们生日时允许他们每人许一个愿，先生许愿想要个比他年轻30岁的女人，于是天使把他变成了90岁。
（1）句意： 一天，史密斯夫妇正在庆祝他们的60岁生日。 表示第几岁的生日用序数词，sixty的先序数词是 60th/ sixtieth，故填 60th/ sixtieth。
（2）句意：他们30年轻结婚。get married，固定搭配，结婚，故填married。
（3）句意： 30年来，你们一直是如此相爱的一对。 couple是名词，其前是形容词， loving / lovely 是形容词，充满深情的，可爱的，故填。
（4）句意： 史密斯夫人想要环游世界。 want to do，固定搭配，想要做，travel，是动词，故填travel。
（5）句意： 嗯，我想要一个比我年轻30岁的女人，”他害羞地说 。根据than可知此处是比较级，young的比较级是younger，故填younger。
【点评】考查语言综合运用能力，注意序数词，词性，比较级搭配等多种用法。
10．【答案】cheapest；asked；so；to burn /burning；as；down；heads；himself；spent；from
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】文章大意：这篇短文主要讲述了一个人因为贪便宜，买了一些根本不能作为水果的辣椒。结果因为舍不得自己花的那些钱，坚持把它们吃完的故事。从而告诉我们放弃某些东西比继续损失要好。
（1）句意：最便宜的东西有一篮子红水果。cheap，便宜。根据上文语句but most of it was very cheap. 提示可知，此句应该用最高级，故填cheapest。
（2）句意：“每公斤多少钱？”老人问。ask，询问，由语句 An old man went to India. 提示可知此句要用一般过去时，故填asked。
（3）句意：所以这位老人买了整整一公斤，开始吃。语句the old man bought a whole kilogram and started eating it.是Two rupees in India is almost nothing, 的结果，故填so。
（4）句意：然而，他一开始吃东西，嘴巴就开始燃烧。burn，燃烧；固定结构begin to do sth，开始做某事，故填to burn/burning。
（5）句意：整个脸变得像水果一样红。固定结构as…as，与……一样，故填as。
（6）句意：他跳上跳下，尖叫着：“啊！啊！“啊！”固定短语，jump up and down，跳上跳下，故填down。
（7）句意：有些人看着他，摇摇头说：“你疯了！head，头，因前面some people，要用复数形式，故填heads。
（8）句意：老人自言自语道：“我付了钱，所以我必须吃。”固定短语，say to oneself，因主语是he，故填himself。
（9）句意：我们所有人都把时间和金钱花在了一些事情上。spend，花费，动词。因前面有助动词have，其后要用过去分词，故填spent。
（10）句意：我们可以从这位老人身上学到的是……。固定短语，learn from sb，向某人学习，故填from。
【点评】考查语法填空。通读全文理解大意，然后根据上下文或者所给单词的提示对所缺部分进行逐一解答。
二一教育在线组卷平台（zujuan.21cnjy.com）自动生成 1 / 1

展开更多......

收起↑