资源简介

完形填空（科技类） 练习
一、
Imagine sitting inside a windowless train that's shooting through a tube at twice the speed of an airplane. Your train has no wheels, produces no 1 , makes its own electricity, and isn't affected by bad weather. This is the hyperloop, a new vision for the world's 2 , safest, and greenest form of transportation. Many have 3 this new technology, but others say the hyper loop vision is just a bunch of hot air.
Hyperloop developers plan to use the properties of magnets to float, stabilize, and drive the capsules or pods for hundreds of mites through 4 tubes. Without air or ground to slow down the vehicles, what was once a five-hour journey would become a half-hour excursion, engineers promise.
Supporters of the technology promote additional 5 of transporting passengers and cargo by hyperloop. For example, they firmly state that unlike other city-to-city transport that's 6 , such as planes or trains, hyperloop vehicles would leave as needed, like Ubers and taxis. While the 7 would hold only 28 to 50 passengers each, developers plan for them to depart stations in groups every minute or so which they say could amount to shuttling 50，000 people an hour. That's more than twice the passenger 8 of the world's fastest trains.
Developers also say that hyperloop tubes would be 9 so they wouldn't interfere with other traffic or threaten wildlife. And tubes would be covered with solar panels to power the hyperloop's systems. 10 , advocates regard the hyperloop as the transportation choice for the future.
But not everyone is on board. Engineers have calculated that the high-speed vehicles will need to make much wider turns than currently envisioned, and otherwise they won't be 11 for passengers. This would add several miles to the proposed tube tracks, Engineers also say planners haven't included enough time for vehicles to safely brake and take off at stations. Some engineers believe it will take much longer than claimed to pump the 12 out of the tubes before each vehicle's departure. Critics thus say hyperloops can't go as fast or serve as many passengers per hour as advertised, making them 13 existing high-speed transportation options.
Hyperloop companies say they're 14 these concerns. They claim that they can safely maintain high speeds by having the vehicles bank around the turns as a plane does. And their hyperloops will rely on the split-second reaction times of a computer to 15 vehicles quickly, frequently, and safely.
1.A. pollution B. sound C. energy D. wind
2.A. cleanest B. lightest C. latest D. fastest
3.A. adapted B. explored C. embraced D. developed
4.A. totally hollow B. nearly airless C. steadily narrow D. highly flexible
5.A. advantages B. costs C. qualities D. situations
6.A. in constant demands B. on strict timetables
C. in changeable D. on essential services
7.A. cabins B. lorries C. tubes D. vehicles
8.A. fare B. capacity C. speed D. comfort
9.A. underground B. parallel C. elevated D. shared
10.A. However B. Therefore C. Beside D. Otherwise
11.A. available B. economic C. easy D. safe
12.A. force B. air C. heat D. water
13.A. most popular of B. superior to C. no better than D. least profitable
14.A. addressing B. causing C. voicing D. releasing
15.A. ride B. pilot C. park D. alert
二、
Technology now allows us to stream and download our favorite songs through websites and apps. This means it's easy to 1 and play the music we like, so we could enjoy it whenever and wherever we like. So, it's surprising to know that the 2 of some old tech is 3 .
A number of 4 have been releasing their albums on vinyl (黑胶唱片) and cassette tape. While the latter technology lacks the good digital audio quality that we 5 to hear today, in its heyday, it was a popular way for teenagers to enjoy recorded music. The introduction of the Walkman, a portable cassette 6 , in 1979 meant people could listen to music on the 7 for the first time. By the end of 1989, 83 million 8 were bought by British music fans, but the invention of the compact disk in the 1990s 9 that.
In the first six months of 2020, nearly 65 ,000 music cassettes were sold in the U.K. according to the Official Charts Company—double the sales from the 10 period the previous year. Although this is only a small fraction of overall music sales, cassette tapes are 11 items that can be kept and collected—not stored in the 12 . And the resurgence of the cassette has been helped by famous singers who have used this format to release their music.
To listen to music on a cassette, you need a tape player or a personal stereo to play it on, but this hasn't 13 the new younger audience—its recent popularity seems to be more about buying memorabilia(纪念品). Although cassettes won't 14 streaming media as a way of listening to music, it does go to show how some tech 15 dies!
1.A.keep B.make C.access D.release
2.A.appearance B.existence C.invention D.popularity
3.A.decreasing B.increasing C.remaining D.disappearing
4.A.dancers B.musicians C.fans D.teenagers
5.A.expect B.fail C.refuse D.agree
6.A.player B.worker C.ruler D.receiver
7.A.march B.watch C.move D.go
8.A.songs B.disks C.applications D.tapes
9.A.stopped B.changed C.witnessed D.knew
10.A.same B.next C.equal D.past
11.A.worthwhile B.valuable C.spiritual D.physical
12.A.television B.cloud C.box D.file
13.A.attracted B.threatened C.prevented D.described
14.A.kick B.replace C.become D.praise
15.A.never B.ever C.even D.always
三、
In many cases, online classes can be a gift to college students everywhere. They're different from traditional classes in many ways, which can be a welcome 1 for students. So what exactly do students love about taking online classes —A 2 schedule.
One thing that many college students probably 3 about traditional, in-person classes is that they're inflexible. Whether you have a Monday-Wednesday class, a Tuesday-Thursday class, or what have you, there is usually a specific schedule you need to 4 and you must attend the class in person.
5 , online classes are much more flexible. They don't 6 you to attend class at a particular time, which means you have the opportunity to do your work whenever you see fit. Of course, this comes with a possible 7 if you aren't the best at managing your time. However, if you are 8 at managing your own schedule and getting your assignments and studying done in a timely manner, then online classes are a great 9 for you.
What's more, if your entire program is online (e,g. if you're 10 an online master's degree), this 11 you a lot more flexibility than if you're attending traditional university classes. 12 if you happen to have a part-time or even full-time job at the same time, you will be able to get your work done for your online classes on your own time — 13 in the evenings when you come home from work, in the mornings before work, on the weekends, or any time 14 .
15 , flexibility with your classes gives you the chance to make time for other important things in your life—like working a job to earn some money, spending time with friends and family, and also taking much-needed time for yourself.
1. A. reply B. restriction C. routine D. relief
2. A. fixed B. flexible C. fragile D. frequent
3. A. dislike B. discourage C. disagree D. distinct
4. A. regulate B. follow C. resist D. foster
5. A. In addition B. In a word C. In other words D. By contrast
6. A. acquire B. obtain C. remind D. require
7. A. disadvantage B. discipline C. distinction D. diversity
8. A. enthusiastic B. energetic C. efficient D. exceptional
9. A. obstacle B. challenge C. amusement D. option
10. A. pursuing B. possessing C. practicing D. performing
11. A. avoid B. supply C. afford D. search
12. A. Specially B. Especially C. Evidently D. Typically
13. A. what B. whatever C. whether D. when
14. A. in between B. in short C. in general D. in particular
15. A. Originally B. Occasionally C. Thoroughly D. Ultimately
四、
Andrea Silvern is always good at taking handwritten and detailed lecture notes. She had never 1 she could make money with the skill until she was introduced to a(n) 2 OneClass provides course notes and study guides 3 by excellent students for college students around the nation.
"I accidentally saw an article published by OneClass about difficult class," Silvera says. "There was a 4 to become a note-taker and I tried. After I offered my notes and my trial period (试用期)was over, I was 5 ."What is surprising, Silvera says, is the 6 of views her notes receive. "In a class of 300, over 100 students usually view my notes. To get responses from a third of the class is 7 , which makes me feel needed."
The founders of OneClass began the site 8 to help other students. But unexpectedly, it gained fame and wealth. 90 percent of students who had used OneClass notes got better grades as a result, and 68 percent of note-takers also saw great 9 in their studies. But note-takers don't just take the job for 10 benefits. Silvera has made $1,500 in just a year of note-taking for OneClass. "My notes are not just handwritten," she said, "I include many extra explanations that the 11 gives in the notes."
Silvera finds that working her way through college as a note-taker has been 12 However, she said she needed to 13 other students who might be interested in taking the job: "If you want to do this, you have to put in the time and actually 14 the classes. And you can't trust that someone else's notes are going to be 15 because nobody can meet your every need—you need to take them by yourself."
1.A.saw B.puzzled C.heard D.thought
2.A.organisation B.company C.newspaper D.website
3.A.read B.typed C.written D.sent
4.A.plan B.chance C.dream D.way
5.A.employed B.impressed C.touched D.refused
6.A.number B.quality C.speed D.strength
7.A.terrifying B.tiring C.amazing D.relaxing
8.A.simply B.equally C.nearly D.slightly
9.A.trouble B.progress C.difference D.experience
10.A.social B.educational C.environmental D.personal
11.A.friend B.president C.professor D.partner
12.A.welcome B.challenging C.moving D.meaningful
13.A.correct B.admire C.remind D.order
14.A.attend B.teach C.review D.enjoy
15.A.brief B.perfect C.useless D.direct
五、在下面的每一个空白处都有四个单词或短语,分别标上A、B、C和D。用最符合上下文的单词或短语填空。
The networked computer is an amazing device. It is the first media machine that serves as the mode of production (you can make stuff), means of distribution (you can upload stuff to the network), site of 1 (you can download stuff and interact with it), and place of praise and criticism (you can comment on the stuff you have downloaded or uploaded). 2 , the computer is the 21st century’s culture machine.
But for all the reasons there are to 3 the computer, we must also act with caution. This is because the networked computer has started a secret war between downloading and uploading—between passive consumption and active 4 —whose outcome will shape our collective future in ways we can only begin to imagine.
All animals download, but only a few upload anything besides faces and their own bodies. Humans are 5 in their capacity to not only make tools but then turn around and use them to create superfluous(过剩的) material goods (paintings, sculpture and architecture) and superfluous experiences (music, literature, religion and philosophy). 6 , it is precisely these superfluous things that define human culture and ultimately what it is to be human. Downloading and consuming culture requires great skills, but 7 to move beyond downloading is to rob oneself of a defining ingredient of humanity.
Despite the possibilities of our new culture machines, most people are still 8 download mode, brought about by television watching. Even after the 9 of widespread social media, a pyramid of production remains, with a small number of people uploading material, a slightly larger group commenting on or modifying that content, and a huge percentage remaining satisfied to just 10 .
The networked computer offers the first chance in 50 years to 11 the flow caused by TV viewing, to encourage thoughtful downloading and, even more importantly, meaningful uploading. The computer offers the opportunity to bring about a complete 12 from the culture of television and a shift from a consumption model to a production model. This is a historic opportunity. Fifty years of television dominance has given birth to an unhealthy culture. The 13 is now in our collective grasp. It involves controlling our intake, or downloading, and 14 our levels of activity—uploading.
Of course people will still download. Nobody uploads more than a tiny percentage of the culture they consume. But using the networked computer as a download-only device, or even a download-mainly device, is a 15 opportunity that history affords us. Therefore, the goal must be to establish a balance between consumption and production.
1.A.celebration B.conversations C.reception D.ceremonies
2.A.Without doubt B.In return C.In particular D.By contrast
3.A.liberate B.celebrate C.concern D.reject
4.A.request B.support C.defense D.creation
5.A.unique B.familiar C.efficient D.loyal
6.A.In addition B.In fact C.For instance D.By the way
7.A.striving B.comparing C.failing D.attempting
8.A.optimistic about B.unfamiliar with C.stuck in D.ashamed of
9.A.transformation B.emergence C.encounter D.maintenance
10.A.consume B.neglect C.combine D.innovate
11.A.enhance B.quicken C.reverse D.extend
12.A.outcome B.exposure C.break D.evolution
13.A.puzzle B.cure C.regret D.favor
14.A.analysing B.maintaining C.featuring D.increasing
15.A.wasted B.treasured C.multiplied D.revised
六、
Hello, Mr. Wi-Fi. Life without you is next to impossible. We’re happy to sing your name from morning till evening, sometimes till dawn. 1 I know you help me, sometimes you’re making me do things with 2 attention. Many times I promise myself that I’ll 3 my feelings towards you, but you’re 4 me closer and closer… You’ve entered both my home and my workplace. You’re just a window for our 5 and information. But we people aren’t 6 only with the window. So we open all our doors for you. Is this a(n) 7 or some kind of attachment If this is an illness, is it curable And if this is an attachment, will you 8 me to the lifelong togetherness
We want you all days. Can’t you take a few days off so that both you and I can 9 You’re a poison – not a slow one but a super-fast poison which holds our mind and makes us dance 10 its tune. Nowadays you’re so 11 that anyone can buy and make you our companion. You’ll never be bothered about our health but we’ll 12 be concerned about your “health”. Because you accompany us everywhere and never let us be alone.
If you were a 13 person made of flesh and blood, would we love you the same You control us with your numerous talents and we even can’t get rid of you. We’re all your 14 . Sometimes I wonder how people in the previous generations 15 , but if they did why can’t we
1.A.Now that B.Only if C.Though D.When
2.A.praised B.increased C.focused D.divided
3.A.keep on B.bring back C.approve of D.give up
4.A.drawing B.pushing C.forcing D.observing
5.A.entertainment B.argument C.expansion D.struggle
6.A.strict B.satisfied C.generous D.busy
7.A.disease B.inspiration C.routine D.situation
8.A.recommend B.instruct C.promise D.adapt
9.A.persist B.relax C.progress D.balance
10.A.to B.against C.from D.within
11.A.affordable B.valuable C.conventional D.attractive
12.A.sometimes B.always C.never D.seldom
13.A.selfish B.dishonest C.responsible D.real
14.A.friends B.slaves C.colleagues D.employers
15.A.suffered B.connected C.survived D.surfed
七、阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Forget smart phones and smart glasses. One day, we might have smart tattoos(文身,刺花). The company NewDealDesign came up with an idea for a product called Underskin. The 1 would look like a pair of tattoos on your palm and the side of your thumb, but it would actually be a very thin computer implanted just below your skin. It would draw power from your body’s 2 , and you could use it to unlock doors, 3 your health, exchange and store information or even 4 your personality. UnderSkin is just an idea—you can’t go out and get one—but the technology exists to make it work. “We assume it is about five years from being 5 ,” says designers Gadi Amit.
Writer and technology entrepreneur Amal Graffstra already has a chip called a radio-frequency(射频;无线电频率) identification(RFID) tag implanted in his hand. “I use it to 6 into my computer . I also use it to 7 contact details with people,” he says. The chip is about the size of a grain of rice and 8 to radio signals with a unique identification number.
If a computerized tattoo or embedded tag isn’t 9 enough for you, what about a 10 chip The company Intel is working on technology that would let you control your devices with your mind. Dean Pomerleau, one of the researchers, explains, “We’re trying to prove you can do interesting things with brain waves… Imagine being able to surf the Web with the power of your 11 .”
Do you think embedded chips sound creepy or 12 Some doctors are 13 about people hurting themselves while getting devices implanted. They argue that medical procedures are meant to 14 sick people, and not to give healthy people special powers. Others worry about hacking and privacy. Could someone hack 15 and steal your identity, or even control your mind On a more philosophical level, if you have a computer inside your body, are you still human Or are you a cyborg(电子人,半机械人)
What do you think—would you want a computer under your skin
1.A.machine B.device C.equipment D.appliance
2.A.power B.ability C.energy D.force
3.A.protect B.find C.monitor D.care
4.A.impress B.express C.depress D.press
5.A.true B.real C.necessary D.easy
6.A.log B.insert C.tag D.lag
7.A.combine B.share C.equip D.substitute
8.A.repeats B.responds C.corresponds D.depends
9.A.interesting B.useful C.safe D.crazy
10.A.arm B.head C.skin D.brain
11.A.preference B.thoughts C.activities D.commands
12.A.cool B.essential C.disappointing D.unsuccessful
13.A.frightened B.anxious C.concerned D.vague
14.A.consult B.heal C.kill D.remove
15.A.in B.out C.off D.away
八、
Have you ever heard someone say that he can't see the forest for the trees If so, you may have 1 what this curious phrase means. If you can see the trees, how is the forest not 2 too
This popular phrase accurately describes situations in which people sometimes get caught up in the details so that they lose sight of the big picture. 3 , you're paying so much attention to the trees that you forget that the trees are just part of the larger forest.
This is a problem we all 4 from time to time. When observing our world, it's easy to focus on interesting details and ignore larger concepts. For 5 , though, it's important to be able to focus on both the forest and the trees.
Since the 6 of scientific inquiry thousands of years ago, observations have been 7 .The first scientists used their senses to see, hear, smell, feel, and taste the world around them. Through these 8 , they learned about their world and began to search for answers to the questions that 9 arose.
Today, scientists even rely upon their five senses to make observations. However, they also take advantage of modern 10 to make observations with a wide variety of tools. These enable them to "see" the world in ways beyond what their five senses 11 .
From satellite telescopes to atomic microscopes, 12 scientists use these tools to observe the world in ways never 13 by early scientists. Some of these tools allow them to 14 small details while others help them to see the big 15 .
1.A.wondered B.believed C.explained D.described
2.A.acceptable B.accessible C.visible D.possible
3.A.In contrast B.In return C.In other words D.In the meantime
4.A.seek out B.pass by C.agree on D.meet with
5.A.observers B.farmers C.scientists D.leaders
6.A.beginning B.separation C.recovery D.removal
7.A.forgotten B.welcomed C.impossible D.important
8.A.errors B.gifts C.observations D.inventions
9.A.luckily B.naturally C.exactly D.occasionally
10.A.technologies B.theories C.discoveries D.methods
11.A.release B.allow C.prefer D.strive
12.A.famous B.young C.popular D.modem
13.A.imagined B.suggested C.remembered D.convinced
14.A.create B.study C.copy D.choose
15.A.cause B.change C.picture D.achievement
九、
Doubling as educational centers and conservation centers, museums play an important role in the protection of 1 .Although these institutions（机构） 2 in size and specialty, the task of most museums is around the display and care of their collections.
Today, many museums are among the most visited 3 in the world. In order to figure out how this important cultural phenomenon came to be, it is important to understand its origins and trace how its role has 4 over time.
The word museum 5 from "mouseion", the Greek term for "a holy place for the Muses". In classical Greek mythology, the nine Muses are the goddesses of the arts and sciences, making them perfect protectors for these 6 institutions.
Earliest museums were private collections and were only accessible to a narrow circle of people. They displayed 7 and curious natural objects and works of art. Some of them even 8 "wonder rooms" or "cabinets of curiosities".
In 1683，an Englishman named Elias Ashmole donated the contents of his wonder room to Oxford University, forming the 9 of the Ashmolean Museum. Believing that "the knowledge of Nature is very necessary to human life and health," Ashmole wanted to 10 the public through his unprecedented（前所未有的）donation. Following his footsteps, many like-minded collectors across Europe shifted their focus from 11 use to public access in the late 17th and 18th centuries. During this time, world-class museums began to make their art collections accessible to the public. The opening of these institutions 12 a string of similar movements in the 19th century.
Today, the importance of public institutions is stronger than ever before. 13 taking care of collections and making them accessible to the public, many museums are using new technologies to improve their public programs, 14 their collections, and share their research. With these modern methods, museums are able to 15 audiences in new ways and extend their tasks beyond their walls.
1.A. tourism B. architecture C. religion D. culture
2.A. form B. vary C. respond D. improve
3.A. sites B. states C. palaces D. entrances
4.A. developed B. explored C. remained D. explained
5.A. escapes B. benefits C. originates D. differs
6.A. newly-built B. knowledge-based C. carefully-chosen D. theory-guided
7.A. common B. familiar C. similar D. rare
8.A. cared about B. served as C. referred to D. relied on
9.A. basis B. structure C. destination D. position
10.A. raise B. train C. admire D. educate
11.A. special B. scientific C. private D. regular
12.A. featured B. indicated C. celebrated D. inspired
13.A. Opposite to B. Instead of C. In addition to D. Thanks to
14.A. digitize B. industrialize C. organize D. localize
15.A. introduce B. engage C. identify D. select
十、
What would happen if a human brain was connected to a powerful computer That is what Kevin Warwick, a professor at the University of Reading, U. K., 1 to find out. "I want to have a go at exploring what it means to 2 ," he says.
Soon he will have an 3 A glass tube will be placed around a group of nerves in his arm. Inside the tube there will be tiny computer circuits. These will 4 messages being sent to the brain and send them to a computer.
"Pain provides a clear electronic signal on the nervous system as it moves from its 5 of origin to the brain. We want to find out what happens if that signal is sent to the computer and then played back again. Will I feel the 6 pain " says Kevin Warwick.
It is not just about 7 . The human nervous system sends a wide variety of other messages to the brain, which could have many different 8 . The computer could provide the eyes for a blind person. Anxious or depressed people are often given drugs to make them feel 9 . But what if they could download feelings of happiness directly into their minds Imagine you are thousands of miles away from your loved ones. You love them and 10 to be back with them. Then you store these 11 on a computer and send them to your family as an e-mail.
Professor Warwick believes that the success of his new experiment could benefit human beings in many ways. A human will be one 12 to use the memory and mathematical power of the computer. He or she will be able to communicate thoughts and feelings 13 across the planet using the Internet. Human have used their intelligence to create increasingly intelligent 14 . Has the time now come for the two to 15 together
1.A.manages B.helps C.intends D.tends
2.A.advances B.humans C.rights D.competitions
3.A.operation B.adjustment C.assessment D.examination
4.A.give off B.turn into C.make up D.pick up
5.A.level B.space C.moment D.point
6.A.awful B.usual C.same D.slight
7.A.signals B.pain C.brain D.messages
8.A.explanations B.applications C.systems D.problems
9.A.better B.stronger C.wiser D.worse
10.A.prefer B.agree C.long D.refuse
11.A.feelings B.greetings C.requests D.memories
12.A.able B.willing C.born D.afraid
13.A.indirectly B.separately C.directly D.purposelessly
14.A.worlds B.machines C.websites D.bodies
15.A.learn B.meet C.develop D.join
答案解析
一、
答案：1-5 ADCBA 6-10 BDBCB 11-15 DBCAB
解析：1.考查名词及语境理解。A.pollution污染；B.sound声音；C.energy精力；D.wind风。句意：你的火车没有轮子，不产生污染，自己发电，也不受恶劣天气的影响。根据下文makes its own electricity可知，因为自己可以发电，所以不产生污染。故选A。
2.考查形容词及语境理解。A.cleanest最干净的；B.lightest最轻的；C.latest 最新的；D.fastest最快的。句意：这就是超级高铁，世界上最快、最安全、最绿色的交通方式的新愿景。根据前文Imagine sitting inside a windowless train that's shooting through a tube at twice the speed of an airplane可知，这种超级高铁是是飞机速度的两倍，所以是世界上最快的交通方式。故选D。
3.考查动词及语境理解。A.adapted适应；B.explored探索；C.embraced接受；D.developed发展。句意：许多人已经接受了这项新技术。但也有人说，超级高铁的愿景只是一堆空话。根据下文"but others say the hypeloop vision is just a bunch of hot air"中转折可知，许多人已经接受了这项新技术。故选C。
4.考查形容词及语境理解。A.totally hollow完全空洞的；B.nearly airless几乎没有空气的；C.steadily narrow稳步缩小的；D.highly flexible 高度灵活的。句意：超级高铁的开发人员计划利用磁铁的特性来漂浮稳定和驱动胶囊或舱在几乎没有空气的管道中行驶数百英里。根据下文Without air or ground to slow down the vehicles,what was once a five-hour journey would become a half-hour excursion, engineers promise.可知，因为没有空气，所以是在几乎真空的管道中行驶。故选B。
5.考查名词及语境理解。A.advanage优势；B.costs花费；C.qualities质量；D.situations状况。句意：这项技术的支持者宣扬了使用超级高铁运送乘客和货物的额外优势。根据下文For example,they firmly state that unlike other city-to-city transport that's 6 ，such as planes or trains, hyperloop vehicles would leave as needed, like Ubers and taxis可知，这里陈述超级高铁的优势。故选A。
6.考查短语及语境理解。A.in constant demands不断的需求；B.on srict timetables按照严格的时间表；C.in changeable states在多变状态；D.on essential services 基本服务。句意：例如，他们坚定地表示，不像飞机或火车等其他有严格时间表的城市到城市的交通工具，超级高铁车辆会在需要时离开，比如优步和出租车。根据下文such as planes or trains, hyperloop vehicles would leave as
needed, like Ubers and taxis可知，超级高铁像优步和出租车一样，不需要像飞机或火车一样按照严格的时间表才能出发。故选B。
7.考查名词及语境理解。A.cabins小木屋；B.lorries卡车；C.tubes地铁；D.vehicles交通工具。句意：虽然每辆车只能搭载28至50名乘客，但开发商计划让这些车每分钟分批从车站出发，他们说，这样每小时可以运送5万人。这里指超级高铁作为交通工具每辆车的运载能力。故选D。
8.考查名词及语境理解。A.fare车费；B.capacity容量；C.speed速度；D.comfort 安慰。句意：这是世界上最快列车载客量的两倍多。根据前文While the 7 would hold only 28 to 50 passengers each,developers plan for them to depart stations in groups every minute or so which they say could amount to shuttling 50，000 people an hour可知，超级高铁载客容量是世界上最快列车的两倍多。故选B。
9.考查形容词及语境理解。A.underground地下的；B.parallel平行的；C.elevated抬高的；D.shard共享的。句意：开发商还表示，超级高铁管道将会升高，这样它们就不会干扰其他交通或威胁野生动物。根据下文so they wouldn't interfere with other traffic or threaten wildlife可知，可以将超级高铁管道升高建造，这样不会干扰其他交通或威胁野生动物。故选C。
10.考查副词及语境理解。A.However然而；B.Therefore因此；C.Beside在旁边；D.Otherwise否则。句意：因此，支持者把超级高铁作为未来的交通选择。根据下文advocates regard the
hyperloop as the transportation choice for the future可知，前后句之间为因果关系。故选B。
11.考查形容词及语境理解。A.available可利用的；B.economic经济的；C.easy容易的；D.safe安全的。句意：工程师们计算出，高速车辆需要比目前设想的大得多的转弯，否则对乘客来说就不安全了。根据前文Engineers have calculated that the high-speed vehicles will need to make much wider
turns than currently envisioned可知，为了乘客的安全，设计转弯的时候需要很大的弯道。故选D。
12.考查名词及语境理解。A.force力量；B.air空气；C.heat热；D.water水。句意：一些工程师认为，在每辆车离开之前，将空气从管道中抽出所需的时间将比他们声称的要长得多。根据前文Without air or ground to slow down the vehicles,what was once a five-hour journey would become a half-hour excursion,engineers promise.可知，运行时没有空气，所以需要从管道中抽取空气。故选B。
13.考查短语及语境理解。A.most popular of最流行的；B.superior to比……优越；C.no better than不比……好；D.least profitable of最无利可图的。句意：因此，批评人士说，超级高铁的速度和每小时载客量无法达到广告宣传的水平，因此它们并不比现有的高速交通工具更好。根据前文Critics thus say hyperloops can't go as fast or serve as many passengers per hour as advertised可知，批评人士认为超级高铁并不比现有的高速交通工具更好。故选C。
14.考查动词及语境理解。A.addressing处理；B.causing引起；C.voicing表达；D.releasing释放。句意：超级高铁公司表示，他们正在解决这些问题。根前文Engineers also say planners haven't
included enough time for vehicles to safely brake and take off at stations.Some engineers believe it will take much longer than claimed to pump the 12 out of the tubes before each vehicle's departure可知，超级高铁公司正在解决所提出的这些问题。故选A。
15.考查动词及语境理解。A.ride乘坐；B.pilot驾驶；C.park停车；D.alert警报。句意：他们的超回路列车将依靠计算机瞬间的反应时间来快速、频繁、安全地驾驶车辆。根据前文And their
hyperloops will rely on the split-second reaction times of a computer 可知，超级高铁公司声称会依靠计算机瞬间的反应时间来解决安全驾驶问题。故选B。
二、
答案：1-5.CDBBA; 6-10.ACDBA; 11-15.DBCBA
解析：1.根据文章首句Technology now allows us to stream and download our favorite songs through websites and apps.可知,科技让我们很容易就可以播放和下载歌曲,这意味着我们很容易获取自己喜欢的音乐。access意为“存取;获取(尤指计算机数据)”,符合语境。release意为“释放;放出”。
2.根据最后一段中的its recent popularity并结合全文内容可知,此处是说一些旧科技的流行程度在增加。some old tech指下文中的磁带。popularity意为“流行”,符合语境。appearance意为“出现”;existence意为“存在”;invention意为“发明”。
3.根据设空处前的it's surprising to know that和下文内容可知,此处是说一些旧科技即磁带的流行程度在增加,这很令人惊讶。increase意为“增加”,符合语境。decrease意为“降低”;remain意为“继续存在”; disappear意为“消失”。
4.根据设空处后的releasing their albums on vinyl 并结合选项可知,此处指一些音乐家发布专辑。musician意为“音乐家”,符合语境。dancer意为“跳舞者”;fan意为“迷;狂热爱好者”;teenager意为“青少年”。
5.根据语境可知,此处表示虽然后一种技术(盒式磁带)缺乏我们今天期望听到的良好的数字音频质量。expect意为“期望”,符合语境。fail意为“失败”;refuse意为“拒绝”;agree意为“同意”。
6.根据下文中的people could listen to music及常识可知,“随身听”是一种便携的盒式磁带播放机。player意为“播放机”,符合语境。worker意为“工作者”;ruler意为“尺子”;receiver意为“(电话)听筒”。
7.根据上文的Walkman, a portable cassette 可知,便携的盒式磁带播放机“随身听”的推出使人们第一次可以在行进中听音乐。on the move意为“在行进中”,符合语境。on the march意为“在行军中”;on the watch意为“保持警戒”;on the go意为“在忙碌”。
8.根据上文作者对磁带的描述in its heyday, it was a popular way可知,磁带曾经很受欢迎;再结合设空处后的were bought by British music fans可知,此处指的是“随身听”问世后,英国乐迷购买的磁带的数量。tape意为“磁带”,符合语境。song意为“歌曲”;disk意为“磁盘”;application意为“应用软件”。
9.根据上文内容及设空处前的but可知,此处是说但20世纪90年代激光唱片的发明改变了磁带盛行这一状况。change意为“改变”,符合语境。stop意为“停止”;witness意为“目击”;know意为"知道”。
10.根据设空处前的double the sales和设空处后的the previous year可知,此处表示对比,即在2020年的前六个月,将近65,000盒音乐磁带在英国售出,这是前一年同期销量的两倍。the same period 意为“同期”,符合语境。
11.根据设空处前的cassette tapes和下文中的that can be kept and collected可知,此处应是对盒式磁带特征的描述。结合选项并根据常识可知,磁带是实物,能够被存放和收藏。physical意为“物质的;有形的”,符合语境。worthwhile意为“值得做的”;valuable意为“有价值的”;spiritual意为“精神的”。
12.根据上文中的that can be kept and collected 和not stored in可知,此处应是对盒式磁带的进一步解释,即不储存在云端。cloud意为“云”,是互联网服务的一种说法,表示可存储或管理数据和软件的服务器网络,符合语境。television意为“电视机”;box意为“盒子”;file意为“文件夹”。
13.根据设空处前的To listen to music on a cassette, you need... but this hasn't和下文的its recent popularity seems to be more about buying...可知,此处表示要听盒式磁带中的音乐,你需要一个磁带播放机或个人音响来播放磁带,但这并没有阻止新一代年轻听众(购买磁带)。prevent意为“阻止”,符合语境。attract意为“吸引”;threaten意为“威胁”;describe意为“描述”。
14.根据语境及设空处前的Although cassettes won't 可知,此处是说作为一种听音乐的方式,磁带不会取代流媒体。replace意为“取代”,符合语境。kick意为“踢”;become意为“变成”;praise意为“称赞”。
15.根据设空处前的it does go to show how some tech 并结合文章对磁带再度流行的介绍可知,设空处表示一些技术永远不会消亡。never意为“永不”,符合语境。ever意为“曾经”;even意为“甚至”;always意为“永远”。
三、
答案：1-5 DBABD 6-10 DACDA 11-15 CBCAD
解析：1.根据下文可知,在线课程的时间安排更灵活,这让大学生有机会腾出时间去完成生活中其他重要的事情,再结合上文的a gift可知,此处表示参加在线课程对他们来说是一件令人舒心的事。 relief意为“宽慰;轻松”,符合语境。reply意为“回复”;restriction意为“限制”;routine意为“常规”。
2.根据下文的 online classes are much more flexible 可知, 在线课程最大的优势在于它灵活的时间安排。flexible意为“灵活的”,符合语境。fixed意为“固定的” ;fragile意为“脆弱的”; frequent意为“频繁的”。
3.根据下文的they're inflexible可知,许多大学生不喜欢传统的面授课程是因为这些课程(的时间安排)比较死板。dislike 意为“不喜欢”,符合语境。 discourage意为“使灰心”;disagree意为“不同意”;disable意为“使伤残”。
4.根据上文的they're inflexible可知,传统课程通常有一个特定的时间表需要遵守。follow意为“遵循”,符合语境。 regulate意为“控制;管理”;resist意为“抵抗;抵制”;foster意为“促进;培养”。
5.第二段中提到传统课程的弊端—时间安排比较死板;而本段中提到了 online classes are much more flexible。故这两段的内容形成对比。by contrast为固定搭配,意为“相比之下”,符合语境。in addition意为“另外”;in a word意为“总之”;by the way意为“顺便说一句”。
6.根据上文的 online classes are much more flexible 可知,在线课程比较灵活,不要求你在特定的时间上课。require意为“要求”,符合语境。acquire意为“获得”;object意为“反对”;remind意为“提醒”。
7.根据下文的 if you aren't the best at managing your time 可知,如果你不善于管理时间,这对你来说不利。 disadvantage意为“缺点;不利条件”,符合语境。discipline意为“纪律” distinction 意为“差别”;diversity意为“多样性”。
8.根据下文的 getting your assignments and studying done in a timely manner可知,如果你能及时地完成作业和学习,即你能有效地管理自己的时间。efficient意为“有效率的”,符合语境。 enthusiastic意为“热情的”;energetic意为“精力充沛的” ;effective 意为“有效的”。
9.根据语境可知,如果你能有效地管理自己的时间,那么在线课程对你来说是一个很好的选择。option意为“选择”,符合语境。obstacle意为“障碍”;challenge意为“挑战”;amusement意为“消遣;娱乐活动”。
10.根据上文的if your entire program is online可知,在线攻读硕士学位是全程在线上课的一个例子。pursue意为“追求”, 符合语境。possess意为“拥有”;practice意为“实践” ;perform意为“表演;表现”。
11.根据上文的online classes are much more flexible 可知,如果你的整个课程都是在线的,这会比传统的大学课程提供更多的灵活性。afford意为“提供;给予”,符合语境。avoid意为“避免”;supply意为“(尤指大量)供应”;search意为“搜寻”。
12.根据语境可知,全程的在线课程与传统的大学课程相比,其优势在于更多的灵活性。flexibility意为“灵活性”,符合语境。 stability 意为“稳定性”;mobility 意为“流动性”;adjustability 意为“适应性”。
13.根据下文的or any time _____ 可知,不管是在晚上你下班回家之后、在早上工作之前、在周末,还是在这期间的任何时间,你都可以完成在线课程。whether...or为固定搭配,意为 “无论……还是……”,符合语境。
14.根据语境可知,此处表示你可以在这之间的任何时间完成在线课程。in between意为“在……之间”,符合语境。in short意为“总之;简言之”;in general意为“通常”;in particular意为“尤其;特别”。
15.根据上文的One thing及What's more可知,文章列举了学生喜欢在线课程的原因,本段说明了最后一个原因:灵活的课程安排使你有机会为生活中其他重要的事情腾出时间。 ultimately意为“最终;最后”,符合语境。originally意为“起初”; occasionally意为“偶尔”;thoroughly意为“彻底地;完全地”。
四、
答案：1-5.DDCBA; 6-10.ACCBB; 11-15.CDCAB
解析：1.结合空后的 could make money with the skill until she was introduced to a(n)______ 可知,此处指西尔韦拉从未“想过”自己可以用这项技能赚钱。故thought符合语境。
2.根据第三段中 The founders of OneClass began the site 可知,这是一个网站(website)。故选D项。
3.根据文章第一句中的 taking handwritten and detailed lecture notes 和空前的 course notes and study guides 可知,OneGlass 网站为全国大学生提供由优秀学生撰写(written)的课程笔记和学习指南。故选C项。
4.根据前文中的 "I accidentally saw an article published by OneClass about difficult class,"Silvera says. 和空后的 to become a note-taker and I tried 可知,西尔韦拉偶然看到网站上发表的文章,知道有机会(chance)成为一个记笔记的人,并进行了尝试, a chance to do sth 为固定搭配,意为“做某事的机会”,与后面的 I tried 相呼应。故chance符合语境。
5.根据空前的 my trial period was over 以及后一句中提到西尔韦拉笔记的浏览量可推知,她被公司雇用(employed)了。故选A项。
6.根据后一句中的数字300和100可知,西尔韦拉惊讶的是她的笔记被浏览的数量(number)。 the number of 为固定搭配,意为 “……的数量”。故选A项。
7.根据空后的 which makes me feel needed 可知,得到班级中三分之一学生的响应让西尔韦拉感觉难以相信,amazing符合语境。
8.根据后一句中的 unexpectedly 可推断,创办者起初“只是”想帮助其他学生。故 simply 符合语境。
9.结合空前的 90 percent of students who had used OneClass notes got better grades 可知,使用过 OneClass 笔记的学生中有90%的人取得了更好的成绩,这是在说明 OneClass 笔记给学生带来的好处,此处的 also 说明68%的记笔记的学生在学习上也取得了很大的进步(progress)。 better grades 和 progress 相呼应。故选B项。
10.根据前一句中的 in their studies 和后一句 Silvera has made $1,500 可知,此处指记笔记的人不仅在教育方面获得了好处。 studies 和educational 相呼应。故选B项。
11.根据常识可知,学习笔记中额外的解释应该是教授 (professor)给出的,学生听完教授给出的解释之后将其记在笔记上。故选C项。
12.根据上一段可知,写笔记不仅能让自己和他人的成绩提高, 还能挣钱,所以对西尔韦拉来说,这应该是很有意义的(meaningful)。故选D项。
13.根据空后的 other students 以及后文西尔韦拉所说的话是给他人的建议可知,此处表示她要提醒(remind)其他想做这个工作的学生。故选C项。
14.根据后一句中的 can't trust that someone else's notes 可知,不能完全相信别人的笔记,要想真正做好笔记,还得自己亲自去课堂听课。 attend the class 为固定搭配,意为“上课”,故选A项。
15.根据空后的 nobody can meet your every need 可推断,他人的笔记不是完美无缺的(perfect),故选B项。
五、
答案：1.C; 2.A; 3.B; 4.D; 5.A; 6.B; 7.C; 8.C; 9.B; 10.A; 11.C; 12.C; 13.B; 14.D; 15.A
解析：1.考查名词。根据上下文内容可知,It is the first media machine that serves as the mode of production (you can make stuff), means of distribution (you can upload stuff to the network), site of (you can download stuff and interact with it), and place of praise and criticism (you can comment on the stuff you have downloaded or uploaded). 句意为这是第一台用作生产方式(可以制作东西),分发方式(可以将东西上传到网络),接收站点可以下载并与之交互的媒体机,以及赞誉场所和批评(您可以对下载或上传的内容进行评论)。A. celebration 庆祝;B. conversations 对话;C. reception 接待;D. ceremonies 仪式。
2.考查短语。根据上下文内容可知,In return, the computer is the 21st century's culture machine. 句意为作为回报,计算机是21世纪的文化机器。A. Without doubt 毫无疑问;B. In return 作为回报;C. In particular 尤其;D. By contrast 相反。
3.考查动词。根据上下文内容可知,But for all the reasons there are to the computer, we must also act with caution. 句意为但是出于庆祝计算机的种种原因,我们也必须谨慎行事。A. liberate 解放;B. celebrate 庆祝;C. concern 关注;D. reject 拒绝。
4.考查动词。根据上下文内容可知,This is because the networked computer has started a secret war between downloading and uploading—between passive consumption and active —whose outcome will shape our collective future in ways we can only begin to imagine. 句意为这是因为网络计算机在被动消费和主动创建之间已经开始了下载和上传之间的秘密战争,其结果将以我们只能开始想象的方式塑造我们的集体未来。A. request 请求;B. support 支持;C. defense 冒犯;D. creation 标准。
5.考查形容词。根据上下文内容可知,Humans are in their capacity to not only make tools 句意为人类具有独特的能力,他们不仅可以制造工具,还可以转身使用它们来创造多余的(过剩的)物质商品(绘画,雕塑和建筑)和多余的体验(音乐,文学,宗教和哲学)。A. unique 独一无二的;B. familiar 熟悉的;C. efficient 效率高的;D. loyal 忠诚的。
6.考查短语。根据上下文内容可知,In fact, it is precisely these superfluous things that define human culture and ultimately what it is to be human. 句意为事实上,正是这些多余的东西定义了人类文化,最终定义了人类的文化。A. In addition 另外;B. In fact 事实上;C. For instance 例如;D. By the way 顺便。
7.考查动词。根据上下文内容可知,Downloading and consuming culture requires great skills, but to move beyond downloading is to rob oneself of a defining ingredient of humanity. 句意为下载和消费文化需要高超的技能,但是不能超越下载范围就是抢夺人类的决定性成分。A. striving 奋斗;B. comparing 比较;C. failing 失败;D. ceremonies 仪式。
8.考查短语。根据上下文内容可知,Despite the possibilities of our new culture machines, most people are still download mode, brought about by television watching. 句意为尽管我们的新文化机器有可能,但大多数人仍停留在电视观看带来的下载模式下。A. optimistic about 感到乐观;B. unfamiliar with 不熟悉;C. stuck in 陷入;D. ashamed of 感到羞愧。
9.考查名词。Even after the of widespread social media, a pyramid of production remains, with a small number of people uploading material, a slightly larger group commenting on or modifying that content, and a huge percentage remaining satisfied to just .句意为即使在广泛的社交媒体出现之后,生产金字塔仍然存在,少数人上载材料,稍大一些的小组对内容进行评论或修改,并且仍然有很大一部分人满足于消费。A. transformation 转化;B. emergence 出现;C. encounter 致使;D. maintenance 坚持。
10.考查动词。根据上下文内容可知, Even after the of widespread social media, a pyramid of production remains, with a small number of people uploading material, a slightly larger group commenting on or modifying that content, and a huge percentage remaining satisfied to just . 句意为即使在广泛的社交媒体出现之后,生产金字塔仍然存在,少数人上载材料,稍大一些的小组对内容进行评论或修改,并且仍然有很大一部分人满足于消费。A. consume 消费;B. neglect 忽视;C. combine 结合;D. innovate 创新。
11.考查名词。根据上下文内容可知,The networked computer offers the first chance in 50 years to the flow caused by TV viewing, to encourage thoughtful downloading and, even more importantly, meaningful uploading. 句意为联网计算机是50年来第一个机会来扭转电视收看带来的流量,鼓励进行有思想的下载,更重要的是,有意义的上传。A. enhance 提高;B. quicken 加快;C. reverse 扭转;D. extend 延伸。
12.考查名词。根据上下文内容可知,The computer offers the opportunity to bring about a complete from the culture of television and a shift from a consumption model to a production model. 句意为计算机为彻底打破电视文化和从消费模式向生产模式的转变提供了机会。A. outcome 支出;B. exposure 暴露;C. break 休息;D. evolution 演化。
13.考查动词。根据上下文内容可知,The is now in our collective grasp. 句意为现在,我们共同掌握了治愈方法.它涉及控制我们的摄取或下载,并增加我们的活动负荷水平。A. puzzle 困惑;B. cure 治愈;;C. regret 后悔;D. favor 支持。
14.考查动词。根据上下文内容可知,It involves controlling our intake, or downloading, and our levels of activity-uploading. 句意为现在,我们共同掌握了治愈方法。它涉及控制我们的摄取或下载,并增加我们的活动负荷水平。A. analysing 分析;B. maintaining 坚持;C. featuring 形成;D. increasing 增加。
15.考查形容词。根据上下文内容可知,But using the networked computer as a download-only device, or even a download-mainly device, is a opportunity that history affords us. 句意为但是,将网络计算机用作仅下载设备,甚至是主要下载设备,是历史给我们带来的浪费的机会。A. wasted 浪费的;B. treasured 珍贵的;C. multiplied 乘的;D. revised 修正的。
六、
答案：1.C; 2.D; 3.D; 4.A; 5.A; 6.B; 7.A; 8.C; 9.B; 10.A; 11.A; 12.B; 13.D; 14.B; 15.C
七、
答案：1.B; 2.C; 3.C; 4.B; 5.B; 6.A; 7.B; 8.B; 9.D; 10.D; 11.B; 12.A; 13.C; 14.B; 15.A
八、
答案：1-5 ACCDC 6-10 ADCBA 11-15 BDABC
解析：1.根据空后的what this curious phrase means可知, 对这一奇怪的短语, 人们或许会想知道其表达的意思。A项意为"想知道", 故选A项。
2.根据该句中的see及语境可知, 空处的意思与之相近。C项意为"能看到的", 故选C项。
3.空后与上句的意思一致, 故空处表示"换言之", 故选C项。A项意为"相反", B项意为"作为回报", D项意为"与此同时", 都与语境不符。
4.根据常识并结合该句可知, "只见树木不见森林" 这一问题我们经常遇到。D项意为"遇到", 故选D项。A项意为"找出, 挑出", B项意为"经过", C项意为"同意", 都与文意不符。
5.根据下句中的scientific可知, 对于科学家来说, 既关注森林又关注树木是很重要的。C项意为"科学家", 故选C项。
6.根据该句中的scientific inquiry thousands of years ago并结合常识可知, 自从几千年前开始科学探索以来, 观测就很重要。A项意为"开始", 故选A项。
7.根据下句中的to see, hear, smell, feel, and taste the world around them可知, 多年前科学家们通过感官去观察世界。结合该句可知, 观察很重要。D项意为"重要的", 故选D项。
8.根据该段第一句中的observations可知, 科学家们通过这些观察开始了解世界, 并探索问题的答案。C项意为"观察", 且为原词复现, 故选C项。
9.根据语境可知, 科学家们通过这些观察开始了解世界, 并探索在这个过程中自然产生的问题的答案。B项意为"自然地", 故选B项。
10.A根据该句中的with a wide variety of tools可知, 如今科学家们也利用现代技术, 用各种各样的工具进行观测。A项意为"技术", 故选A项。
11.根据该句中的beyond可知, 利用现代技术和工具, 科学家们能够以超出五感所允许的方式"看" 世界。B项意为"允许", 故选B项。
12.根据该句中的From satellite telescopes to atomic microscopes可知, 从卫星望远镜到原子显微镜, 现代科学家利用这些工具观察世界。D项意为"现代的", 故选D项。
13.根据该句中的by early scientists可以判断, 现代科学家的这些先进的观察工具是古代科学家难以想象的。A项意为"想象", 故选A项。
14. 根据该句中的small details并结合上句中的From satellite telescopes to atomic microscopes可知, 有些工具可以帮助科学家们研究细节。B项意为"研究", 故选B项。
15.根据前文第二段第一句中的the big picture可知, 有些工具则能帮助科学家们看到大局。C项意为"图画, 画面", 此处the big picture指"大局", 故选C项。
九、
答案：1-5 DBAAC 6-10 BDBAD11-15 CDCAB
解析：1.考查名词及语境理解。A.tourism旅游业；B.architecture建筑学；C.religion宗教；D.culture文化。根据后文In order to figure out how this important cultural phenomenon came to be, it is important to understand its origins and trace how its role has 2 over time.可知为了弄清楚这一重要的文化现象是如何形成的，重要的是要了解它的起源，并追溯它的作用是如何随着时间的推移而发展的。说明博物馆是与文化有关的。故答案为D。
2.考查动词及语境理解。A.form形成；B.vary变化；C.respond回复；D.improve提高。根据后文In order to figure out how this important cultural phenomenon came to be, it is important to understand its origins and trace how its role has 2 over time.可知为了弄清楚这一重要的文化现象是如何形成的，重要的是要了解它的起源，并追溯它的作用是如何随着时间的推移而发展的。说明博物馆是不断变化的。故答案为B.
3.考查名词及语境理解。A.sites地址；B.states州；C.palaces宫殿；D.entrances入口。今天，许多博物馆都是世界上参观人数最多的地方。故答案为A。
4.考查动词及语境理解。A.developed发展；B.explored探索；C.remained仍然；D.explained解释。根据上句it is important to understand its origins可知重要的是要了解它的起源，然后才能追溯它的发展。故答案为A。
5.考查动词及语境理解。A.escapes逃跑；B.benefits受益；C.originates起源于；D.differs不同。根据上句it is important to understand its origins可知重要的是要了解它的起源。说明博物馆这个词起源于“缪斯”，希腊术语，意思是“缪斯的圣地”。故答案为C.
6.考查形容词及语境理解。A.newly-built新建的；B.knowledge-based基于知识的；C.carefully-chosen精心挑选的；D.theory-guided理论指导的。根据上文In order to figure out how this important cultural phenomenon came to be, it is important to understand its origins and trace how its role has 2 over time.可知为了弄清楚这一重要的文化现象是如何形成的，重要的是要了解它的起源，并追溯它的作用是如何随着时间的推移而发展的。说明博物馆是以知识为基础的机构。故答案为B。
7.考查形容词及语境理解。A.common普通的；B.familiar熟悉的；C.similar相似的；D.rare稀有的。根据上句Earliest museums were private collections and were only accessible to a narrow circle of people.可知最早的博物馆是私人收藏，只有一小部分人可以参观。说明里面的藏品很稀少。故答案为D。
8.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.cared about在乎；B.served as作为……服务；C.referred to提及；D.relied on依靠。一些博物馆甚至充当了“奇迹室”或“古董柜”。故答案为B。
9.考查名词及语境理解。A.basis基础；B.structure结构； C.destination目的地； D.position位置。根据上句In 1683，an Englishman named Elias Ashmole donated the contents of his wonder room to Oxford University可知1683年，一个名叫埃利亚斯·阿什莫尔的英国人将他的奇迹室的内容捐赠给牛津大学，为阿什莫尔博物馆奠定了基础。故答案为A。
10.考查动词及语境理解。A.raise提升；B.train训练；C.admire崇拜；D.educate教育。根据上句Believing that "the knowledge of Nature is very necessary to human life and health, "可知阿什莫尔相信"自然知识对人类的生命和健康非常必要"，说明他想通过他前所未有的捐赠来教育公众。故答案为D。
11.考查形容词及语境理解。A.special特殊的；B.scientific科学的；C.private私人的; D.regular有规律的。根据上文Earliest museums were private collections and were only accessible to a narrow circle of people.可知最早的博物馆是私人收藏，只有一小部分人可以参观。说明当时的博物馆是为私人所设立的，而不是公众。故答案为C。
12.考查动词及语境理解。A.featured以……为特色；B.indicated暗示；C.celebrated庆祝；D.inspired鼓励。这些机构的开放激发了19世纪一系列类似的运动。故答案为D。
13.考查固定短语及语境理解。A.Opposite to和……相反；B.Instead of代替；C.In addition to除了；D.Thanks to幸亏。根据下句many museums are using new technologies to improve their public programs, 12 their collections, and share their research.可知除了保管藏品并让公众能够接触到它们之外，许多博物馆还在使用新技术来改进他们的公共项目，将他们的藏品数字化，并分享他们的研究成果。故答案为C。
14.考查动词及语境理解。A.digitize数字化；B.industrialize工业化；C.organize组织；D.localize使局部化。根据上句many museums are using new technologies to improve their public programs可知许多博物馆还在使用新技术来改进他们的公共项目。说明他们利用新技术将藏品数字化，并分享他们的研究成果。故答案为A。
15.考查动词及语境理解。A.introduce介绍；B.engage参加，从事，吸引；C.identify确认;
D.select精选。有了这些现代方法，博物馆能够以新的方式吸引观众，并将他们的任务扩展到墙外。故答案为B。
十、
答案：1-5.CBADD; 6-10.CBBAC; 11-15.AACBD
解析：1.根据上文中的What would happen if a human brain was connected to a powerful computer 及下文内容可知,这里表示凯文·沃里克教授打算弄清楚这个问题的答案。intend意为“打算”,符合语境。manage意为“设法做成”;help意为“帮助”;tend意为“往往会;趋向于”。
2.根据上文中的What would happen if a human brain was connected to a powerful computer 可知,凯文·沃里克想探索让人脑与电脑相连对人类来说会有什么样的意义。human意为“人类”,符合语境。advance意为“进展”;right意为“权利”;competition意为“比赛”。
3.根据设空处后的A glass tube will be placed around a group of nerves in his arm.可知,此处指他将做一台手术。operation意为“手术”,符合语境。adjustment意为“调整”;assessment意为“评价”;examination意为“检查”。
4.根据设空处后的messages being sent to the brain and send them to a computer 可知,此处表示接收发送至大脑的信息,然后再将这些信息发送到电脑上。pick up意为“接收(信号、声音等)”,符合语境。give off意为“发出(气味、热、光等)”;turn into意为“变成”;make up意为“组成”。
5.根据语境可知,此处表示当疼痛从其源头转移到大脑时,它就在神经系统上产生了一个清晰的电子信号。the point of origin意为“起点;原点”,符合语境。level意为“水平”;space意为“场所”;moment意为“某一时刻”。
6.根据上文中的Pain provides a clear electronic signal on the nervous system as it moves from... to the brain 及 what happens if that signal is sent to the computer and then...可知,此处是沃里克猜测自己在不同情况下能否感受到相同的疼痛。same意为“相同的”,符合语境。awful意为“可怕的”;usual意为“通常的”;slight意为“稍微的”。
7.根据上文中的Pain provides a clear electronic signal on the nervous system... to the brain及下文的The human nervous system sends a wide variety of other messages to the brain可知,人类神经系统向大脑发送各种各样的其他信息,疼痛只是其中的一种。pain意为“疼痛”,符合语境。signal意为“信号”;brain意为“智力;脑力”;message意为“信息”。
8.根据下文的The computer could provide the eyes for a blind person. Anxious or depressed people...可知,人类神经系统向大脑发送各种各样的信息的功能可以有许多不同(方面)的应用。application意为“应用”,符合语境。explanation意为“解释”;system意为“系统”;problem意为“问题”。
9.根据设空处前的Anxious or depressed people are often given drugs to make them feel 可知,此处是指给焦虑或抑郁的人药物以缓解他们的焦虑或抑郁,即让他们感觉更好些。better意为“更好的”,符合语境。stronger意为“更强壮的”;wiser意为“更明智的”;worse意为“更糟糕的”。
10.根据上文的Imagine you are thousands of miles away from your loved ones.可知,此处表示你渴望回到远方所爱之人的身边。long意为“渴望”,符合语境。prefer意为“更喜欢”;agree意为“同意”;refuse意为“拒绝”。
11.根据上文的You love them and _______ to be back with them.及设空处所在句中的store these _______ on a computer可知,此处指的是把这些感觉储存在一台电脑上,并以电子邮件的形式发送给家人。feeling意为“感觉”,符合语境。greeting意为“问候”;request意为“请求”;memory意为“回忆”。
12.根据上文中的benefit human beings 以及下文的He or she will be able to communicate thoughts and feelings...可知,此处指人类将能够使用计算机的存储能力和数学(计算)能力。able意为“能……的”,符合语境。willing意为“乐意的”;born意为“天生的”;afraid意为“害怕的”。
13.根据上文及语境可知,人脑与电脑相连,人与人之间就可以直接交流思想和感情了,故此处表示人们将能够通过使用互联网在地球上直接交流思想和感情。directly意为“直接地”符合语境。indirectly意为“间接地”;separately意为“单独地”;purposelessly意为“无目的地”。
14.根据语境可知,此处表示人们用他们的智慧创造出越来越智能的机器。machine意为“机器”,符合语境。world意为“世界”;website意为“网站”;body意为“身体”。
15.根据文章首句What would happen if a human brain was connected to a powerful computer 可知,此处与开头相呼应,反问现在是将人脑和电脑连接起来的时候吗 join意为“连接”,符合语境。learn意为“学习”;meet意为“遇见”;develop意为“发展”。

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