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2022年中考道法解题思路和答题模板（带案例分析及答案非常实用）
选择题
( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
在做道法选择题的过程中，“排除法”是最便捷的技巧。
( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
帮你将常见的选项错误类型归纳了出来： ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
一、结合材料排除错误类 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
此类题型的选项看似正确，但与题干材料无关或者与题干材料有关但不符合题干要求，往往会起到混淆作用。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
如：以下皆是材料排除错误类选项 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )1. 一花独放不是春，百花齐放春满园；海上生明月，天涯共此时；长风破浪会有时，直挂云帆济沧海（题目要求选择的是体现友谊的诗句） ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )2. 学校开展科技创新活动（题目要求选择符合总书记立德要求的活动，而非创新） ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )3. 节约资源是我国的基本国策（材料讲的是植树造林） ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )4. 我国的社会治安环境还有待改善（材料讲的是法院审结民事 消费者权益保护等案件） ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=2&sn=e0523b075bc7f6a12d7ef65ff49bba2d&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042acfff0ab80537f1bee9c4b09eb1cf66767d2f58f68a533d0cf171be2d663e&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
方法总结： ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=2&sn=e0523b075bc7f6a12d7ef65ff49bba2d&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042acfff0ab80537f1bee9c4b09eb1cf66767d2f58f68a533d0cf171be2d663e&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
(1) 审题干。仔细研读材料，明确题意。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=2&sn=e0523b075bc7f6a12d7ef65ff49bba2d&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042acfff0ab80537f1bee9c4b09eb1cf66767d2f58f68a533d0cf171be2d663e&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
(2) 审设问。明确选择的范围和角度，是正向选择还是逆向选择。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=2&sn=e0523b075bc7f6a12d7ef65ff49bba2d&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042acfff0ab80537f1bee9c4b09eb1cf66767d2f58f68a533d0cf171be2d663e&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
(3) 审选项。对所有选项进行认真分析和判断，确定选项与材料的关系：是否存在必然联系，是否有直接/间接/无联系。可直接排除与题意无关的选项。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=2&sn=e0523b075bc7f6a12d7ef65ff49bba2d&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042acfff0ab80537f1bee9c4b09eb1cf66767d2f58f68a533d0cf171be2d663e&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
例题点拨： ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
国家主席在第二届“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛欢迎宴会上致辞时说，“与君远相知，不道云海深。”来自不同国家的朋友相识相知，结成了紧密的合作伙伴。下面古诗能体现这一观点的是( ) ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )A. 海内存知己，天涯若比邻 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )B. 一花独放不是春，百花齐放春满园 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )C. 海上生明月，天涯共此时 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )D. 长风破浪会有时，直挂云帆济沧海 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )【解题思路】 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect )
【答案】A
二、教材知识理解错误类
教材知识理解错误类一般是对教材基本概念理解不清，不能做到正确识记和灵活运用，因而不能对备选选项表述作出正确判断。
如：以下皆是教材知识理解错误类选项
1. 要求我们积极行使维护国家安全的基本权利(基本义务)
2. 有助于公民依法履行监督义务(权利)
3. 承担责任求回报(承担责任不言代价与回报)
4. 警示我们应以法律为根本活动准则，规范自身行为(以宪法为根本活动准则)
例题点拨： ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
在十三届全国人大二次会议上，最高人民法院院长周强向大会报告工作时提到，2018年各级人民法院认真落实总体国家安全观，依法严惩煽动颠覆国家政权 煽动分裂国家 间谍等犯罪，坚决维护国家安全。这( ) ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )①有利于维护国家利益，巩固国家政权 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )②体现法律具有强制性，由国家强制力保证实施 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )③要求我们积极行使维护国家安全的基本权利 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )④要求我们增强国家安全意识，筑牢国家安全堤坝 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )A.①②③ B.②③④ C.①②④ D.①②③④ ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )【解题思路】依据所学知识可知，维护国家安全是公民的基本义务，而不是基本权利，③是对教材知识的错误理解，排除。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )【答案】C ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
三、说法绝对类 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
说法绝对类是指选项表述比较绝对 观点比较片面，一般带有绝对性字眼。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
如：以下皆是说法绝对错误类选项 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
1. 自我管理，只做自己分内的事 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )2. 说明消除贫困，实现共同富裕，是中国对世界发展的重大贡献 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )3. 以兼收并蓄的心态，吸收一切外来文化 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )4. 这才能从根本上保障公民的生命健 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )5. 合作可以消除国家之间的分歧与矛盾 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
6. 团结合作是战胜这场灾难的唯一条件
方法总结： ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
(1)关注带有绝对性字眼的选项，常见的绝对性字眼有：“都”“一切”“一定”“必然”“消除”“唯一”“任何”“彻底”“杜绝”“最优秀”“只要……就……”“只有……才能……”等。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
(2)一般情况下，带有绝对性字眼的选项往往因观点过于绝对被排除。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
【误区警示】并不是所有含绝对性字眼的选项都是错误的，在做题过程中应该具体问题具体分析。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
例如： ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
1. 预防犯罪，需要我们杜绝不良行为； ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )2. 一切违法行为都要受到法律制裁； ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )3. 宪法具有最高的法律效力； ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )4. 坚决同一切分裂国家的言行作斗争； ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )5. 诉讼是处理纠纷和应对侵害最正规 最权威的手段； ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )6. 任何人都没有超越法律的特权； ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
7. 只有改革开放，才能发展中国 发展社会主义 发展马克思主义；等等。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
四、不符合常识类 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
不符合常识类是指选项的价值取向错误，表述与社会主旋律或道德要求不相符合。解答此类试题需要找出与正确的世界观 人生观 价值观，或实际生活相符的选项，根据题干要求选出符合题意的答案。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
如：以下皆是不符合常识类选项 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
1. 现在生活条件好了，(旧衣物)直接扔掉(违背艰苦奋斗 勤俭节约的美德) ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )2. 英雄用生命筑起精神长城，我们用鲜血维护英雄尊严(践行正义不以危害自身安全为前提) ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )3. 不是名牌我不穿(虚荣心)；叫你昨天欺负我哥们(非正义行为)；哼，天下我最牛(自负) ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
例题点拨： ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
夏季到了，妈妈整理衣柜时清理出一些不再穿的衣服。为了给它们找个好去处，全家人坐在一起共同商量。下面建议不值得采纳的是( ) ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )A.小秦:把他们捐赠出去，为贫困地区献爱心 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )B.爸爸:现在生活条件好了，直接扔掉 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )C.奶奶:扔掉太浪费，可以做成拖把或坐垫 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )D.妈妈:可以将它们翻新改造，变得更时尚 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )【答案】B ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
主观题 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
（一）一般思路 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )读题→审题(审设问、审主体、审材料)→联想(教材知识、时政知识)→撰写提纲→答案要点(教材语言、材料语言、时政语言) ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
（二）主观题审题过程要注意“六部曲” ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )a.看：看设问。看设问的范围（法律、国情）；角度（是什么、为什么、怎么样）。　 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )b.抓：抓住材料的关键词，中心意。通常可用“首尾法，词语频率法”来抓。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )c.领：领悟命题者的意图，主要是考什么知识原理。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )d.联：紧扣题目的材料联系相应的教材术语和时政术语。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )e.列：列出答题纲要，即把题目设问要求的材料知识、教材知识，时政知识等按先后列出要点。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )f.思：反思答案的完整性，科学性。倒推重审题，注意题分值（看分作答）。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
（三）主观题答案组织要注意“六个化” ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )a.解题过程程序化：每答一题都要遵循上面六部曲来进行；　　 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )b.答案组织要点化：每个要点自成一点，自成一理；序号排列；　　 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )c.答案表述术语化：采用教材政治术语或时政精辟术语；　　 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )d.答案结构逻辑化：各要点之间要有一定的主次、先后、微观、宏观等逻辑关系； ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )e.答案编写完整化：联系党和国家方针政策的最新观点进行创造性答题而争取加分（内在美）； ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )f.字迹书写整洁化：要注意改卷老师的心理，以唤起阅卷老师的同情心和印象分（外在美）。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank ) ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )（四）常见题型的答题方法 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )1.“漫画”型题目： ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )解答好漫画题主要做到“三步走” ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )①析漫画，点本意。做好“三看”：首先，看标题，标题对理解漫画寓意也起导向和引领功能，看标题，往往能粗略地觉察到此漫画与教材上什么知识点相关联；其次，看文字；再次，看画面，漫画常用的手法是夸张，漫画的夸张之处往往也是漫画的真正寓意所在。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )②连教材，觅“结合”。试题在书外，理论在教材。在观察漫画的基础上，联系教材的有关内容，多角度进行分析，寻找漫画与教材的结合点，这是解题关键。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )③组答案，亮观点。针对漫画所反映的问题，抓住漫画和教材的结合点，亮出观点，组织答案，这是解答漫画题最重要的一步。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
2.“图表”型题目 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )图表题是考查学生获取信息、整合处理信息能力的一种综合性题型。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )解题思路：做到三个“三” ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )（1）三读 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )①读图表。图表一般由标题、时间、项目、数据等构成。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )②读注文。图表下的注文对图表起补充作用，对答题思路有提示作用。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )③读设问。图表是为设问服务的，读设问，一要弄懂各问分别问的是什么，二要弄懂各问之间的内在联系。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )（2）三比 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )①纵向比较。纵向比较就是对同一项目内的数据进行比较。它反映的是一事物自身变化发展的趋势。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )②横向比较。通过横向比较，可以发现不同事物在发展过程中的差异性，从而加深对事物的认识。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )③表与表之间的比较分析。图表与图表之间存在着一定的联系。抓住联系，就会产生新的认识。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )（3）三到 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )①由数字到术语。图表型主观题往往以数字来表达某种现象，在回答问题时必须用术语概括出这一现象。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )②由现象到本质。揭示出背后的本质联系。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )③由理论到实践。中考不仅仅考查我们认识问题的能力，更主要的是考查我们在理论指导下解决问题的能力和创新能力。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )3.“认识”型、“启示”型题目 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )设问方式：①“这给我们什么启示、启发”；②“谈谈你的看法、体会、认识”；等等。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )解题思路：启示类题目可按照“示—理—启”（是什么—为什么—怎么办）的解题思路作答。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )（1）“示”即展示（是什么）。一是读懂背景材料的中心意思，明确材料反映的是哪方面的现象和问题；二是读懂设问的指向和规定，明确设问要求回答的启示。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )（2）“理”即道理（为什么）。即“材料反映的内容”的依据、原因、重要性（必要性）、不做的危害性等。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )①依据。是指材料所反映的内容的理论根据（包括路线、方针、政策、国策、战略、原则、原理、法律、法规等）。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )②重要性。是指材料所反映的内容的作用、意义、目的、目标等。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )③必要性。是指材料所反映的现象存在的客观实际，即非做不可的原因。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )④危害性。是做或不做这件事将导致的消极后果。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )（3）“启”即启发（怎么办）。即政府、社会、学校、公民、青少年等准备怎么做、采取哪些具体措施来解决问题。就是根据所找出的现象或问题的原因：提出今后在这方面应该怎么做。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )总结：回答时，应在对所给的材料进行分析、提炼的基础上，从中先归纳出材料所反映的知识和道理， 然后再推论出我们现在应该怎么办与怎么做的危害。答案要做到观点与材料相结合。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )4.“评析”型、“辨析”型题目 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )解题思路：“性质判断—理论依据—后果影响—表明正确的态度和行为” ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )①这种行为是一种什么行为（给行为定性） ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )②这种行为体现了什么样的品质（一般从法和德的角度进行评价定性，违背了道德和法律） ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )③这种行为有什么意义（或危害、影响；不正确行为——违反了什么法律、原则、没有行使哪些权利、履行哪些义务…；正确行为——符合哪些法律、原则、行使哪些权利、履行哪些义务…） ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )④我们应如何弘扬、学习（应如何解决） ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )答题步骤：“三步走” ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )第一步，辨别正误。第二步，分析说明。分析说明时要做到条理清晰，全面透彻，有理有据。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )第三步，总结评价。亮明自己的观点，或指明正确观点的意义，或揭露错误观点的实质和危害。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
5.“体现”型题目 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )解答思路：先回答出材料本身讲述的是什么问题；再运用所学知识分析、回答这个问题的实质，即通过什么反映了什么。基本思路：现象+本质 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )设问方式：有“体现了什么 ”、“怎样体现 ”、“如何体现 ”等。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )解题方法：应把所学教材中与材料相关的所有知识点一一罗列，然后将这些知识点与材料中的关键语句加以对照，二者相符的就是答案要点。答题时，应先写教材中的知识点，再采用材料中的关键词句说明它体现了这一原理即可，即要做到观点与材料相结合，具体的解题思路是：一定点：确定考核的知识点是什么 二联系：联系所给材料与所学知识。三疏理、作答：将材料所给的信息与考核的知识点一一对照，二者相符的就是答案要点。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
6.“反映”型题目 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )设问方式：“反映了某一问题发生了哪些变化”、“反映了什么现象什么问题 ”、“说明了什么 ”等。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )解题方法：反映型题目材料所提供的信息都是感性的，而答案要求则是理性的，也就是要把感性材料理性化，即把材料所提供的信息用教材中所学的知识加以表述。解答这种类型题目的关键是对材料所给的信息要全面把握，可采用定点法，即定点——联系——疏理、作答。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
7.“意义”型（“影响”型、“作用”型）题目 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )解题方法："意义型"主要是针对某一"做法"或某一"事件"有什么意义来设问，回答这种设问的题目时，首先要明确有经济、政治、文化、社会建设、生态文明、国家、社会、公民、法律、道德、公平正义等等不同方面的意义。答案要点要紧紧结合所学的知识点和题目所提供的材料(抓住材料中的关键词、关键句)，有些题目作答时必须结合党和国家提出的最新精神。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )这类题目可以套用"有利于……""体现了……""是……的需要""促进……""推动……""保护……"等。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )8.“为什么”型题目 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )设问方式：有“为什么说 为什么要 ” “简要说明……这样做的道理？” ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )解题方法：一般情况下要回答：“这样说”、“这样做”的依据、意义(重要性)、影响、必要性等，有时也要回答不这样做的危害性。在解答中，一般应由近及远、由小到大、由直接到间接、有秩序、有条理地展开说明。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
9.“怎么办（做）”型、“建议”型题目 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )设问方式：一般以“如何”或“怎样”等来设问，有时也会以提建议的形式出现。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )解题思路：①分清对象（即给谁提合理化建议，由谁来解决这样的问题）②怎样解决？注意建议的角度（如：国家、政府、社会、公民个人或政治、经济、文化，或教育、道德、法律等不同方面）和所提建议的可行性。也就是首先要明确做的主体是谁，其次要谈怎样做法，还要确定做法的角度。（谁——从哪些方面——怎样做）。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )答案技巧套路：一般可从思想认识上和行动上两大方面作答。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )答题要求：①要点清晰，层次分明。②建议必须针对背景材料。③要注意选好角度，找出与之相关联的知识点。④建议要具体、切实可行。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
10.“中学生打算、做法”型题目 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )“打算”应从思想和具体行动两方面入手，即树立什么样的意识、行动上要具体做什么。切记围绕或针对背景材料。中学生最基本打算：“树立崇高远大理想，发扬艰苦奋斗创业精神，努力学习科学文化知识，全面提高自身素质，担当起历史赋予的责任”。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
11.“举例”“举措”型题目 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )解题方法：两者侧重点略有不同。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )（1）列举实例：应具体、有效、符合实际；忌空洞、泛泛而谈。特别要留意题目是否有“本地区”“学校”“青少年”等范围的限制条件，如果超越了限制条件，所举事例无效。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )（2）举措：侧重于国家、政府、社会的大政方针、战略部署、措施做法。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
12. “共同”“分别”型、“联系”型题目 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )给出两段以上材料或两个以上表格或一段材料(一个表格)加一幅漫画，设问：“材料一和材料二共同说明了什么？”或者问“材料一和材料二分别说明了什么？” ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )解“共同”题思路：找出两个材料之间的共点，把这个共点回归教材中，找到与共点相一致的观点、原理，这一观点、原理便是正确答案。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )解“分别”题思路：分别概括两个材料的中心，从课本知识中找到与中心相联系的两个交叉点，这两个交叉点就是正确答案。做“分别”题一定要写清楚：材料一说明了……；材料二说明了…… ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
13.“帮助教育”型题目 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )（1）说服、教育、出谋划策 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )解题方法：是什么？为什么？怎样做？—①指出错误是什么？②说明为什么错？③应该怎样做。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )（2）帮助…… 解题方法：①指出错误；②说明为什么错（即理由）；③应该怎样做；④具体帮助行动，即行为影响。　 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )14.“活动探究”型题目 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )（1）情境题 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )解题方法：①认真领会情景主题。②回归教材，找准与教材知识的结合点。判断情景材料提供的情景行为是否符合教材的观点。③联系实际，科学整合答案。对情景材料所反映的问题或事实，应与现实生活情景进行对照，结合所学知识认真辨析有关情景行为的正确与否。要善于发散思维，从多角度观察、分析相关情景，努力从多方面寻求答案，从而在比较中提出较为科学合理的观点、做法或理由等。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )（2）宣传标语设计 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )解题方法：①贴近宣传主题，联系实际。②言简意赅，具有号召力。简洁、明快。③善于联想，注重创新。　　 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )（3）主题班会、黑板报、手抄报、辩论会　　 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )（4）设计倡议书 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )A标题。可只写“倡议书”，也可标出倡议书的具体内容。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )B正文。它一般由五项内容组成：①倡议的对象；②倡议的原因；③倡议的目的；④倡议的依据；⑤倡议的具体措施。C结尾。表明倡议者的决心和希望。D署名。E日期。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
常见典型活动探究题答题要领 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
1．校园评选活动步骤：①推荐候选人；②审核公示；③集中宣传；④组织 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
投票；⑤评选揭晓。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
2．撰写倡议书注意的问题：格式要规范、观点正确、层次清晰、号召力强 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
等。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
3．优秀黑板报符合的要求：主题鲜明、美观大方、图文并茂、设计创新等。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
请你提出筛选黑板报内容的具体要求： ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
主题鲜明；有时代性；具有一定教育意义；联系学生生活实际和思想实际。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
4．撰写演讲稿注意：观点明确，思路清晰，语言通俗明了、生动幽默、真 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
切感人、发人深省，富有鼓动性。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
5．拟定活动方案注意：主题鲜明；目的明确；环节完整；内容健康；形式 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
新颖；切合实际；富有意义；等等。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
活动方案包括的环节：活动名称、活动目的、活动主题、活动时间、活动 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
地点、活动内容步骤、活动总结。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
6．校园募捐活动 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
宣传发动，如张贴倡议书、悬挂宣传标语、出通知等；设置募捐箱和募捐点 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
（台），专人负责；组织师生自愿捐款；安排专人清点钱款，集中上缴；公布捐款数目，撰写简要工作总结等。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
7．搜集资料的途径：上网搜索、查阅报刊杂志、咨询专家、向老师询问 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
8．安全教育的方式：召开主题班会、校园宣传、板报、观看安全教育电影、 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
专家报告会等。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
当前安全教育宣传热点：校车安全、消防安全、食品安全、交通安全、体育 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
运动安全。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
9．社区宣传活动要做的工作：制定方案；宣传发动；确定主题和活动形式； ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
搜集资料，落实人员及分工；联系社区；确定时间、往返路线；落实安全措施； ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
等等。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
10．主题班会 ： ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
活动主题：做到简洁明了，有针对性。根据所给材料把握主题。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
活动目的：围绕主题从知识、能力、认识等方面撰写。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
活动准备：搜集材料、人员分工、任务分配、场地布置、器材准备、确定主持人和发言人等。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
活动过程：做到步骤清晰具体，具有可行性，紧扣主题，内容丰富多彩。一般步骤为：主持人宣布班会开始；展示材料；讨论交流；小组发言；归纳小结； ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
主持人宣布班会结束。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
11．根据本地区环境现状，设计一次保护环境的实践活动。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
活动目的 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: / / mp.weixin. / _blank )
通过本次活动，使学生意识到我们周围的环境正在逐渐被破坏，清楚环境的危机带给人类，动物植物的危害，增加学生的责任感，从自己做起， 从身边的小事做起，做个保护环境的小使者。 ( http: / / mp.weixin. / s __biz=MzIyMzEyODcyNQ==&mid=2247545030&idx=1&sn=8fa17fbad2bb9cb5a620b32eb235927b&chksm=e8208d3cdf57042af0072538d02aa8a21ad64f1d2f8526adb80cc7873a6722a64592078cde5b&scene=21" \l "wechat_redirect" \t "https: /

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