资源简介 九年级质量检测语文试题本试卷共6页,四个大题,23个小题,120分,考试时长120分钟,考生务必将答案答在答题纸上,在试卷上作答无效,考试结束后,将试卷和答题纸一并交回。一、积累与运用(20分)1.默写。(共7分,每小题1分)A.潮平两岸阔, ▲ 。(王湾《次北固山下》)B. ▲ ,病树前头万木春。 (刘禹锡《酬乐天扬州初逢席上见赠》)C.安得广厦千万间, ▲ ,风雨不动安如山。(杜甫《茅屋为秋风所破歌》)D. ▲ ,山是眉峰聚。 (王观《卜算子·送鲍浩然之浙东》)E.海内存知己, ▲ 。 (王勃《送杜少府之任蜀州》)F. ▲ ,固国不以山溪之险,威天下不以兵革之利。(孟子《得道多助,失道寡助》)G.忧郁的日子里需要镇静:相信吧, ▲ 。(普希金《假如生活欺骗了你》)2.下列词语中加点字的读音完全正确的一项是( )(2分)A.惩罚(chěnɡ) 忍俊不禁 (jīn) 踉踉跄跄(qiànɡ) 气冲斗牛(dǒu)B.栖息(qī) 锐不可当 (dǎnɡ) 颔首低眉(hàn) 惟妙惟肖 (xiào)C.干涸(hé) 咬文嚼字(jiáo) 气息奄奄(yān) 即物起兴 (xìnɡ)D.字帖(tiè) 鳞次栉比 (zhì) 越俎代庖 (páo) 成吉思汗 (hán)3.下列词语中没有错别字的一项是( )(2分)A.略胜一畴 囊萤映雪 眼花缭乱 佝偻承蜩B.进退维谷 中流砥柱 面面相觑 消声匿迹C.跋山涉水 唯唯连声 广袤无垠 相得益彰D.合辙押韵 恃才放旷 顾名思意 粗制滥造4.阅读下面这段文字,按要求作答。(共4分,每小题2分)① ▲ !②有人在自我生命中,加入了“正向”“积极”“坚持”“永不放弃”的因数,每天努力朝向自己的目标前进,那么他们的成绩就愈来愈亮丽,业绩愈来愈加倍!③可是,有些人偷懒、萎靡、没有目标、不愿积极行动,那么他们的命运可能就是极普通,甚至是倒退的景象。④“不跪地,怎能闻花香?”一名摄影师说,“要拍出花的气味,就要蹲下,跪下,以谦卑的态度贴近花朵!”如果想要有精彩的人生,才必须以积极的实际行动来交换!⑴请在第①段画线处拟写一个句子来统领整个语段。(15个字以内,不要超出空格)(2分)⑵第④段中画“ ”线的句子有语病,请选用恰当的修改符号修改。(2分)换用号 增补号 删除号 调位号5.名著阅读。(共5分)走在前边的老厨子,眼珠通红,嘴唇发光,走在后边的A ,面红耳热,一直红到他脖子下边的那条大筋。进到祖父屋来,一个说:“酒菜真不错……”一个说:“……鸡蛋汤打得也热乎。”关于埋葬团圆媳妇的经过,却先一字未提。好像他们两个是过年回来的,充满了欢天喜地的气象。我问A ,那小团圆媳妇怎么死的,埋葬的情形如何。A 说:“你问这个干什么,人死还不如一只鸡……一伸腿就算完事……”⑴上面文段节选自作家 的《呼兰河传》,人物A是 。(2分)⑵结合选段内容,简要分析A是一个怎样的人?(3分)二、古诗文阅读(16分)阅读下面的古诗文,分别回答问题。(一)苏幕遮范仲淹碧云天,黄叶地,秋色连波,波上寒烟翠。山映斜阳天接水,芳草无情,更在斜阳外!黯乡魂,追旅思。夜夜除非,好梦留人睡。明月楼高休独倚。酒入愁肠,化作相思泪。6. “黯乡魂,追旅思”一句中,“追”字用得巧妙,其本义是追随,在句中引申为 的意思,生动表现了 的感情。(2分)7.展开想象,用生动的语言描绘“秋色连波,波上寒烟翠”这一画面。(50字左右)(3分)(二)马说韩愈世有伯乐 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / " \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网" \t "_blank ),然后有千里马 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / " \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网" \t "_blank )。千里马常有,而伯乐不常有。故虽有名马,祇辱于奴隶 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / " \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网" \t "_blank )人之手,骈死于槽枥之间,不以千里称也。马之千里者,一食 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / " \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网" \t "_blank )或尽粟 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / " \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网" \t "_blank )一石。食马者不知其能千里而食也。是马也,虽有千里之能,食不饱,力不足,才美不外见,且欲与常马等不可得,安求其能千里也?策之不以其道,食之不能尽其材,鸣之而不能通其意,执策而临之,曰:“天下无马!”呜呼!其真无马邪?其真不知马也!8.下列句子中加点词的意义和用法相同的一项是( )(2分)A.①安求其能千里也 ②安陵君其许寡人B.①千里马常有,而伯乐不常有 ②水落而石出C.①河曲智叟亡以应 ②不以千里称也D.①鸣之而不能通其意 ②怅恨久之9.用现代汉语翻译下面的句子。(2分)且欲与常马等不可得,安求其能千里也?10.本文采用了 的写法,表达了作者怎样的思想感情?(3分)(三)昔有一人,先瓮①中盛谷。骆驼头入瓮中食谷,首不得出。既不得出,其人以为忧。有一老人来语之曰:“汝莫愁,吾教汝出,汝当斩头,自能出之。”即用②其语,以刀斩头。既杀驼,而复破瓮。如此痴人,为世人所笑。 (选自《百喻经》)【注】① 瓮:一种口小腹大的陶器。 ②用:采纳。11.解释下面句中加点的字。(2分)⑴有一老人来语之 语: ⑵既杀驼,而复破瓮 既:12.这个故事告诉我们一个什么道理?(2分)三、现代文阅读(34分)阅读下面的两篇文章,分别回答文后的问题。(一)超低温的奇迹奚同庚①在向绝对零度(指热力学上的最低温度)进军的同时,科学家又在艰辛地探索着低温世界的许多奥秘。②在低温世界里,物质会发生人们意想不到的许多奇妙的变化,出现很多非常有趣的物理现象。③在超低温条件下,许多金属的性质发生了“脱胎换骨”的变化。韧性本来很好的钢,变得像陶瓷那样脆,敲一下它就会粉身碎骨;至于锡,用不着碰它,已经变成一堆粉末了;本来能流动的水银,变得像铁一般坚硬。当然,也有例外。像铜、铝和镍在很低的温度下,仍然能保持良好的韧性和机械强度。④在超低温条件下,除了金属以外,其它物质也会发生面目全非的变化。柔软而娇嫩的鲜花在液态空气中浸过以后,会变得像玻璃那样既脆又硬,摇一摇,还会叮当叮当直响;在非常接近绝对零度的时候,氧气像白色的砂粒,氢气像石头一样硬,各种气体几乎全部成了固体。惟一的例外,最能抗冻的是氦气,它还是液体。不过当氦气冷到-270.96℃的时候,它竟会变成一种能“爬”善“攀”的液体。⑤如果把一个小杯子放在大杯子里面,小杯子里面盛放着液体的氦,当温度冷到-270.96℃的时候,小杯子里面的液氦就会自动地沿着杯子的壁向外“爬”出去,流进大杯子里,一直到大、小杯子的液面相平为止。⑥这时候的液体氦,已经是一种没有一点粘滞度的理想流体了。我们把液氦在极低温下这种自动“爬”出容器的现象,称为“超流现象”。⑦“超流现象”在生产和科学研究中有什么用处,目前还不清楚。但是,科学家对这种奇异的物理现象极为重视。有人认为,具有超流现象的理想流体是一种新的物质形态,它可能也存在于某些崩溃的星核之中。弄清这种新的物质形态的本质以后,对于分析宇宙中像脉冲星一类奇异星体的本质,很可能具有特殊的意义。⑧此外,超低温技术对于原子核物理的发展起着重要的作用。比如,物理学中著名的“宇称守恒定律” 被否定, 以-270℃下的实验结果为依据的。同样,依靠超低温下的实验结果,又证实了著名的弱相互作用中的宇称不守恒理论。⑨低温世界里的奇妙现象,还有好多,下面我们再着重介绍一个最有趣的物理现象——超导。⑩1911年,荷兰著名的低温物理学家卡默林·奥尼斯和他的学生,把水银冷却到了-269℃以下,再在已经凝成固体的水银导线上通上几毫安的电流,然后测量它两端的电压。这时突然出现了一个非常奇特的现象:水银导线的电阻竟然完全消失了。 这一惊人的发现使师生两人愣住了。 乍看起来,这个现象简直是太荒唐了,真叫人不敢相信。为了进一步证实这个奇怪的现象,他们又设计了一个更精密的实验。把水银冷到接近绝对零度,用它做成一个环路,放在一个磁场中。然后把磁场突然撤掉,由于电磁感应作用,在水银环路中便产生了一个感应电流。如界水银内确实没有电阻,感应电流应当毫无损耗地长期流下去。 经过几年的耐心观察,得到了肯定的结果:水银环路里的电流确实没有一丝一毫的衰减。这就是说,环路里的电子,好像坐上了没有任何阻力和摩擦的转椅那样,一旦转动起来,就永远也不肯再停下来。 ▲ 。13.阅读全文,说说在超低温下物质出现了哪些奇迹。(3分)14.阅读第⑤段,说一说下面句子中加点词语的表达作用。(3分)当温度冷到-270.96℃的时候,小杯子里面的液氦就会自动地沿着杯子的壁向外“爬”出去,流进大杯子里15.文章第④段中画线句运用了列数字、________、_______的说明方法,请选择其中一种,简要说明表达作用。(4分)表达作用:_________________________ ____________16.下列说法有错误的一项是( )(2分)A.第⑨- 段中荷兰物理学家发现超导现象的故事让本文变得生动有趣,可读性很强。B.第⑧段横线处可以填入的关联词语依次是“之所以……就是……”。C.文章第③和第④段的说明顺序是由一般到特殊的逻辑顺序。D.超流和超导现象在生产和科学研究中都已经起到了积极的作用。17.请在文章第 段画线处补写一个句子,作为文章的结尾。(3分)(二)槐花深一寸丁立梅①槐花开的时候,我抽了空去看。人生的旅途说长也长,说短也短,我们能相遇到的花期也有限,我不想错过每一场花开。②槐花也属乡野之花。它比桃花、梨花更与人亲,那是因为它心怀甜蜜。记忆中,花开时节,空气中密布它的香甜,让你不容忽视。于是乡下孩子的乐事里,就有这么一件,爬上树去摘槐花。那也是极盛大的场景,树上开着槐花,地上掉着槐花,小孩的脖子上、肩上落着槐花,口袋里还塞着一串串白。随便摘取一朵,放嘴里品咂,甜啊,糖一样的甜。巧妇会做槐花饼、槐花糖,吃得人打嘴不丢。家里养的羊,那些日子也有了口福,把槐花当正餐吃。③我来赏的这树槐花,在小城的河边。小城新辟了沿河观光带,这棵槐被当做一景从他处移植过来。其他树种众多,独独它,只一棵。《周礼·秋官》中记载:周代宫廷外种有三棵槐树,三公朝见天子时,分别站在那三棵槐树下。周代的槐,有崇敬的意思在里面。槐又通“怀”,是怀想与守望。我瞎想,我们小城移来这棵槐,是把它当做镇城之树的吧?④傍晚时分,光的影渐渐散去,黑暗渐渐加深,及至一树的白也没在黑里头,天便完全黑下来了。这时候 ▲ 。⑤仰头望向那树白,心莫名被一种情绪填得满满的。说不清那情绪到底是什么。那一刻,时间停顿,风不吹,云不走,仿佛什么都想了,又什么都没有想。这是人生的态度,我更愿意把它理解为本能,是由不得你的。⑥微笑。想起那首出名的山西民歌《我望槐花几时开》。歌里唱:“高高山上一树槐/手把栏杆望郎来/娘问女儿你望啥子/我望槐花几时开……”盼郎来的女儿家,心焦焦却偏不承认,偏把相思推给无辜的槐花:“哎呀呀,槐花槐花,你咋还没有开?”这里的槐花,浸染上人间情思,惹人爱怜。⑦一对老夫妻,晚饭后出来散步。他们唠嗑的声音隐约传来,如虫子在鸣唱。他们走过我身边,奇怪地看看我,并没有停下他们的脚步。却在离我有一段距离后,一个问:“人家在看什么呢?”一个答:“看槐花呗。”一个说:“哦,槐花开了呀。”一个笑答:“是啊,开了。”他们的声音,渐渐融入夜色里,融入槐花的甜里去,直至无痕。⑧我喜欢这样的一问一答,不落空,相依为命。我愿意,老了时,也有这样一个人陪在我身边,听我说一些可有可无的话,然后一一应答。这是最凡俗的,而又是最接近幸福的。⑨风吹,有花落下来。我捡一串攥手心里,清凉的感觉在掌中弥漫。白居易写槐花:“薄暮宅门前,槐花深一寸。”我以为这是花落景象。古人尚不知花可吃,或者,知可吃而不吃,是为惜花。他们任由槐花自开自落,一径落下去,在地上铺了足有一寸深的白。真是奢侈了那一方土地,埋了那么多香甜的魂。(选自《瓶子里的春天》,文章有删改)18.通读全文,填空。(4分)(A)记忆里,在“我”心目中槐花是 ;(B)而今,赏那一树白,体会到人生的沉静、闲适和美好;(C)遇到一对老夫妻,“我”悟到 。19. 品析下面句中加点词语的表达效果。(3分)他们的声音,渐渐融入夜色里,融入槐花的甜里去,直至无痕。20. 联系上下文,在第④段,补写一段描绘景色的句子。(不少于30字)(4分)30字21.阅读下面的《秋凉闲卧》,说一说白居易和丁立梅的“槐花深一寸”用意有何异同。(4分)秋凉闲卧白居易残暑昼犹长,早凉秋尚嫩。露荷散清香,风竹含疏韵。幽闲竟日卧,衰病无人问。薄暮宅门前,槐花深一寸。相同点:不同点:22.结合生活实际,谈谈你对第①段中“人生的旅途说长也长,说短也短,我们能相遇到的花期也有限,我不想错过每一场花开”一句的理解。(4分)四、作文(50分)23.请以“前行,在 中”为题目,按要求写一篇文章。要求:①先将题目补充完整;②可以大胆选择你最能驾驭的文体,写你最熟悉的内容,表达你的真情实感;③不少于600字(如写作诗歌不要少于20行);④文中不要出现真实的校名、姓名;⑤不得抄袭。语文参考答案与评分标准(阅卷讨论稿)一、积累与运用(20分)1. A. 风正一帆悬 B. 沉舟侧畔千帆过 C. 大庇天下寒士俱欢颜D. 水是眼波横 E. 天涯若比邻 F. 域民不以山溪之险G. 快乐的日子将会来临评分意见:本题共7分。每小题1分,句子填写正确且无错别字方可得分。2. D 评分意见:本题2分。3. C 评分意见:本题2分。4. ⑴积极与懈怠会造就迥然不同(截然不同)的命运(人生)。学生答案:(2)把“才”改为“就”评分意见:本题共4分。每小题2分。(1)题能准确概括语段内容,即可得分。(2)题能恰当选用修改符号正确修改病句即可得分。5. (1)萧红 有二伯(2)示例:有二伯和 “我”谈及小团圆媳妇的死因及埋葬情形时,竟然说:“你问这个干什么,人死还不如一只鸡……一伸腿就算完事……”,从中我们看到了有二伯的冷漠、麻木。学生答案:评分意见:本题共5分。(1)题共2分,每空1分;(2)题共3分,人物形象把握正确得2分,能结合选段内容正确分析得1分。二、古诗文阅读6.纠缠,缠住不放 乡思旅愁(或羁旅乡愁)。学生答案:评分意见:本题共2分。每空1分,意思对即可。7. 碧蓝的天上漂浮着几朵白云,枯黄的树叶落满大地,这一望的秋色绵延到水边,水波上笼罩着翠绿的寒烟。学生答案:评分意见:本题共3分。想象合理,画面描述完整占2分,语言生动流畅占1分8.D 评分意见:本题2分。9.想要它和普通的马一样尚且不可能,怎么能要求它日行千里呢?评分意见:本题共2分。重点词“且” “等”“安” “千里”翻译正确,且语句通顺即可得2分。重点词的翻译,错一个扣1分;扣完2分为止。10.托物寓意(或借物喻人) 怀才不遇,壮志难酬(或对统治者埋没、摧残人才的愤懑和控诉)。学生答案:评分意见:本题共2分。填空占1分;思想感情占2分,意思对即可得分。11.(1)告诉 (2)已经评分意见:本题共2分。每空1分。12.遇到问题,不可盲目听从他人建议,否则会把事情弄糟;应开动脑筋,积极思考,将事情考虑周全再去做,效果方好。学生答案:评分意见:本题共2分。能正确概括道理,即可得分。三、现代文阅读13.许多金属的性质发生了脱胎换骨的变化;金属以外的其它物质也会发生面目全非的变化(超流现象);超导现象。 评分意见:共3分,答出一点得一分。14.“爬”是爬行的意思,运用了比拟的修辞手法,将温度冷到-270.96℃时的液体氦赋予生命,形象地写出了在-270.96℃下液体氦沿着杯壁移动的奇妙情景,展现了低温下的奇迹,体现了说明文语言的生动性。学生答案:评分意见:共3分,词语解释1分,修辞方法占1分,结合文章内容谈表达作用1分;意思对即可得分。15.作比较,打比方。示例1:这一句运用作比较的说明方法;把超低温下的氧气、氢气和氦气进行比较,突出了在超低温条件下各种物质发生变化的不同。示例2:这一句运用打比方的说明方法;将超低温下的氧气和氢气比作白色的砂粒和坚硬的石头,形象生动地说明了超低温下氧气和氢气发生的奇妙变化。学生答案:评分意见:本题共4分。正确指出说明方法得2分,结合句意分析作用占2分。16. D 评分意见:本题3分。17.示例:低温的世界多么奇妙,那里还有很多的奥秘等待着我们去探索,也会有更多的奇迹出现在艰辛探索的道路上。评分意见:本题共3分,照应文章的开头,答出低温世界的奇妙,有很多奥秘等待探索即可得分。18.A心怀甜蜜的 C平凡最接近幸福评分意见:本题共4分,每空2分,意思对即可得分。19.“融入”,是融解进入的意思。这里作者运用反复的修辞手法,写出了老夫妻的对话与夜色和那一树槐花很好的融合在一起,强调了老夫妻朴实的话语让“我”感受到生活美好甜蜜,让“我”感动并陶醉其中。学生答案:评分意见:本题共3分。正确理解“融入”的意义得1分,修辞方法占1分,能把“融入”的表达作用阐释清楚得1分。20. 示例:赏花变得纯粹,周遭的黑暗做了底子,槐花的白跳跃出来,是黑布上绣的白花。评分意见:本题共4分。符合语境占2分,恰当运用修辞方法占1分,语言流畅占1分。字数过多或过少扣1分。学生答案:21.相同点:写出槐花落在地上的多和厚;借景抒情;不同点:白诗借槐花烘托诗人“衰病无人问”的落寞、孤寂、惆怅之情;丁立梅的文章写槐花是为了表达对槐花的喜爱之情,对平凡生活的赞美。评分意见:相同点2分,答对一点即可;不同点2分。22.示例:在我们的生命长河中会遇到很多美好和幸福,有视我们为生命的爸爸妈妈,有始终陪在我们身边的朋友,有用目光注视我们前行的老师,他们都是一场场花开,珍惜这一树的繁华,让这清香和记忆充盈在我们的心间。评分意见:本题共4分,观点正确占3分,语言流畅占1分。50字2013年九年级学业水平模拟考试英语试题本试题分为第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。共120分。第Ⅰ卷(选择题 共85分)Ⅰ、听力测试听录音,在每组句子中选出一个你所听到的句子,每个句子听一遍。(5分)1.A.My father is an English teacher. B.I want a pen pal in China.C.I won’t spend time with her sometime.2.A.Is this your backpack B.Do you like rock music, Linda C.Does the boy often go to the movies 3. A.Here are some of my photos. B.I don’t like taking a shower in the morning.C.Dave has to be in bed early every night.4. A.What is the weather like now B.Can you tell me where’s your backpack C.Why don’t you buy a black car 5. A.I think that’s interesting enough.B.Be sure to come here on time if you come to our party.C.Please tell all the people you know about the news.B) 听录音,从每题A、B、C三幅图画中选出与听到的对话内容相符的一项。每段对话听两遍。(5分)6. A B C7. A. B. C.8. A. B. C.9. A. B. C.10.A. B. C.C)在录音中,你将听到一段对话及五个问题。请根据对话内容及问题选择正确答案。对话及问题听两遍。(5分)11. A. Mary B. Mr. White C. Peter12. A. Yes, he can. B. Yes, he is. C. No, he isn’t.13. A. At half past five. B. At five. C. At four.14. A. At school. B. At Yishanyuan restaurant. C. At home.15. A. By bike. B. By bus. C. On foot.D)在录音中,你将听到一篇短文及五个问题。请根据短文内容及问题选择正确答案。短文及问题听两遍。(5分)16. A.West China. B.East China. C.North China.17. A.The students’ headmaster. B.The students’ friend. C.The students’ teacher.18. A. Clothes. B.Money. C.Books.19. A. For three years. B. For five years. C. For two years.20. A.No,he didn`t. B. Yes,he did. C.The story didn’t tell us.Ⅱ.读音选词 根据所给句子的句意及音标选择正确答案。(5分)21. I want to know what he will ______ \ luk\ like in ten years. A. book B. look C. loud D. lock22. When did you get your first _________ /pe / of skates A. part B. pair C. pool D. pear23. Jinan is becoming a more _____/'l vl / city, isn’t it A.lovely B. living C.lively D.lonely24.How long have you been ______ /k 'lekt /shells A. collect B. collecting C. correct D. complain25.Please read the ___________/ ins'tr k n /carefully before you use it.A.international B. influence C. instead D. instructionIII.选择填空 从每题A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出一个最佳答案。(30分)26.We’ll see an even stronger China in ________ future.A. the B. an C. a D. /27.We need to come up with an _______ and make a decision at once.A. way B. idea C. news D.decision28. —I’m afraid I can’t walk to Quancheng Square . It’s too far.— You can ride ________ bike.A. my B.mine C.my D.I29. Water is very important for us and no one can live ________ it.A. without B. besides C. except D. with30. — _______ is it from your home to the science museum — It is about ten minutes’ bus ride .A. How far B. How long C. How soon D. How31. About _______ of the students this year were born in the 1990s.A. three five B. three fifths C. third fifths D. third fifth32. —Is breakfast ________meal of the day — Yes, it provides us with energy after a long night .A.the most important B.very important C.more important D.important33. I have ever lived in New York and London, _________ I don’t like either city.A. so B. though C. because D. but34. — Could we see each other at nine o’clock tomorrow morning — Sorry, let’s make it ________time.A. the other B. another C. other D. else35. Don’t __________ too late, or you will feel tired in class.A. stay up B. make up C. set up D. show up36. — We like Zhang Lili , the most beautiful teacher .— Yes, she is _________ popular with her students.A. sometimes B.never C.always D.hardly37.Which of the following signs means ”recycle” A. B. C. D.38.—It’s such a long way.What shall I do —You _________take my car if you want.A.could B. must C.shall D. will39.— Have you heard the song Take Me to Your Heart —Yes, I think it _________ so terrible.A. sounds B. tastes C. looks D. feels40. — ___________. — Quite good.A.What kind of books do you like best B. What do you think of the suggestion C. How do you do D.Why do you come back late these days 41.The old lady is ________ kind that she gave away all her money to a charity.A. very B. such C. quite D. so42. —Did you let anyone water the flowers —Yes, I had them _________.A. watered B. water C. to water D. watering43. —You didn’t go to school yesterday, did you — __________ , though there was a heavy rain.A. No, I didn’t. B. Yes, I did. C. No, I did. D. Yes, I didn’t.44.In Jinan, most students in middle schools must _____school uniforms on school days.A. wear B. put on . C. dress D. dress up45. — ________ did he come to the police station — He came here to ask the police for help.A.How B.What C.When D.Why46.—Would you please _______the paper for me and see if there are any mistakes — I’d love to.A.look through B.look for C.look around D.look after47.—Let’s be volunteers to help the old in trouble. —__________.A.The same to you. B.Here you are. C.Good idea. D.Nice to meet you.48. The doctor did everything _________ the girl who was badly hurt in the accident.A . saving B. save C.to save D.saved49. I enjoy fresh air, so I always sleep with the windows open _______ it is really cold.A. unless B. if C. when D.as50.— We find _______ impossible to learn a foreign language in such a short time.— I think so.A.that B. it C. this D. one51. —Excuse me, could you wake me up when my friend _________ here — Of course. But we don’t know when he will come here.A. comes B. will come C. come D.came52. _________ beautiful the music sounds!A.How B.What C.What a D.How a53. These days, computers ________ people do many things.A. used to help B. are used to helping C. are used to help D. used to helping54. Everyone except Tom ________in the museum for two hours.A. has gone to B. has been in C. have gone to D. have been in55.— I wonder _________. — I’m afraid we’ll be late.A. how can we be on time B. when they will reach the stationC. why they got to school late D. if we’ll be at the meeting on timeⅣ.完形填空 阅读短文,从每题A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出一个能填入文章中相应空白处的最佳答案。(10分)One Saturday afternoon, Sarah went to buy something for her sister and herself. As Sarah was coming out of a 56_ , a young lady walked towards her. She said she was Miss Green—a goodfriend of Sarah’s sister’s. Sarah ___57___ her. Then she called a taxi to send Sarah home. She told the driver where he should go. Sarah was___58___that it was not in the direction of her home.“Why ” Sarah asked. The lady smiled.When they came to a quiet road, a big rough man ___59___on the road. He stopped the taxi driver, knocked him down, tied him and threw him___60____ the taxi. At the same time, Miss Green took out a knife to make Sarah keep quiet . The man then started the taxi. “ Oh, God! I’m being kidnapped(绑架),” Sarah said to herself.She tried to escape, but didn’t succeed. Suddenly an ___61___came to her. She took out a lipstick(口红) from her pocket, wrote “SOS” on the window, and covered the word with her___62___. A few minutes later, a police car passed and the policemen saw the ___63___. When the kidnappers saw the policemen, they stopped the taxi, jumped into the grass, and ran away.The policemen then picked up Sarah and sent her home. When her parents knew ___64___had happened, they were greatly surprised. But they were also happy because their daughter had finally come back ___65___.56. A. school B. taxi C. shop D. friend’s57. A. knew B. believed C. thanked D. remembered58. A. surprising B. excited C. surprised D. pleased59. A. drove B. climbed C. fell D. appeared60. A. out from B. out of C. away D. on61. A. idea B. answer C. interest D. order62. A. fingers B. back C. dress D. lipstick63. A. picture B. map C. sign D. knife64. A. what B. that C. who D. if65. A. clearly B. friendly C. successfully D. safelyⅤ.补全对话 阅读对话,从每题A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出一个最佳答案完成对话。(5分)A:I have never been late for school, but yesterday morning…B:66____________A:I overslept. I had wactched a football mactch the night before last. When I went to bed,it was very late .B:67___________A:Yes .But it didn’t go off.B:You had to rush , didn’t you A:Yes. I took a shower and then ran off to the bus stop without breakfast. By the time I got to the stop ,the bus had left .B:68 Then _____________A:I had to take a taxi. When I got on the taxi , I suddenly found out I had left my purse at home .I had to ring my English teacher to meet me at the gate .B:So you could get to school on time , couldn’t you A:Unfortunately it was rush hour . The car was as slow as I was taking a walk .B:69____________A:You are right . I got to school very late .B:What a pity! 70__________________66. A.What happened B.Did you get up late C.Was there anything wrong D.What do you do 67 A.Did you have to call your teacher B.How did you get to school C.Were you late for school D.Do you have an alarm o’clock 68. A.what did your mother do B. how did you go to school C.was your teacher very angry D.did your father drive you to school 69. A.You have to walk slowly . B.Your mother must be very annoyed.C.You have to get out of the taxi. D.You must be late for class,right?70. A.How disappointed! B.I’m sorry to hear that .C.You’re lucky. D. I think you tried your best.Ⅵ.阅读理解 阅读下列短文,从每题A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出一个能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。(15分)AMr. and Mrs. Brown lived in a house near New York. They had only one child and he was very young. Mr. Brown often came back home from work very late when his wife and child were asleep. He usually opened the front door with his key and came into the room quietly.One night he forgot to bring his key. He had to ring the doorbell,but his wife didn’t wake up. He rang it again. Again nothing happened. Then Mr. Brown knocked at the bedroom window and even shouted loudly. Still his wife didn’t wake up. He thought for a moment. At last he had an idea. Then he began to speak like a small child. “Mom!’’ he said,‘‘I want to drink some water.” His wife woke up right now and opened the door for him.71. How many children did Mr. and Mrs. Brown have A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. None.72. What did Mr. Brown usually bring with him A. His wife’s key B. His key to the front doorC. His child’s toy car D. His doorbell73. Why couldn’t Mr. Brown open the door A. Because he came back late. B. Because his wife and child were not at home.C. Because he spoke like a small child. D. Because he forgot to bring his key with him.74. What did Mr. Brown do at last in order to wake up his wife A. Ring the doorbell. B. Knock at the window.C. Speak like a small child. D. Shout loudly.75. ______ opened the door at last.A. Mr. Brown B. Nobody C. Mrs. Brown D. The childBChinese writer Mo Yan has won the 2012 Nobel Prize in Literature(文学). He is the first Chinese who lives and works in China to win the prize.Mo Yan, the pen-name for Guan Moye, was born in 1955 and grew up in Gaomi in Shandong province in eastern China. His parents were farmers. He left school to work at the age of 12, first on the farm, later in a factory. In 1976 he joined the PLA and during this time he began to study literature and writing . His first short story was published in 1981.He has written many famous books about his childhood and his hometown. The novel Hong gaoliang jiazu is one of them. It tells five stories that took place in Gaomi during the 1930s and 1940s. The book was published in 1987 and translated into English in 1993. It was made into a popular movie in 1987 by the well-known director Zhang Yimou.Besides his novels, Mo Yan has published many short stories and essays(散文). He is regarded as one of the greatest writers in China. Many of his books have been translated into English, French and many other languages.The Nobel Prizes were set up by Alfred Nobel , a great Swedish inventor, in 1895. The winner will win a medal, a diploma(证书) and a cash award of 8 million Swedish Kronor (about 7 million yuan).76.When did Mo Yan leave school to work on the farm A. In 1955 B. In 1967 C. In 1976 D. In 198177. What can we know from the second paragraph A. Mo Yan lived a hard life when he was young.B. Mo Yan’s family was rich when he was young.C. Mo Yan had good education in his early life.D. Mo Yan liked writing when he worked in the factory.78. Which is NOT true about Mo Yan’s books A. Most of the stories happened in his hometown.B. They have been translated into foreign languages.C. They have been made into movies by Zhang Yimou.D. They are not only novels but also short stories and essays.79. What was Alfred Nobel A. He was a poet. B. He was a director. C. He was an inventor. D. He was a writer.80. What is mainly talked about in the passage A. Mo Yan has written many famous books.B. Mo Yan’s stories have been translated into foreign languages.C. Alfred Nobel set up the Nobel Prizes.D. Mo Yan has won the 2012 Nobel Prize in Literature.CYANG Nan, 17, was happy to move to her new home in a northern area of Beijing. She was told that her neighborhood used to be rich farmland planted with vegetables, corn and wheat. But looking at the new road, beautiful parks and supermarkets, to her surprise, Yang couldn't see any sign that food was once grown there.Yang is not alone. In recent years, many Chinese people have moved into new houses in country areas. Tall buildings have been built everywhere in the suburbs. The crops and fruit trees are no more grown there. But these changes have caused big problems too, warns Gan Zang chun, an official (官员) at the Ministry of Land and Resources (国土资源部)."Chinese cities are growing very fast. This has made the area for farmland much smaller than before. This is really bad for the country's ability(能力) to grow food, not to mention the lives of farmers," said Gan last Monday.As the population of China is growing all the time, the country needs more farmland to grow food for the increasing people of China. But the recent rise in house prices has made selling land a good business. A lot of land has been used to build new houses for sale. So you can see, the shortage of the farmland is now a very serious problem.Pollution, such as, oil pollution ,industrial(工业的) pollution and water pollution, which makes land useless, is another reason for the big drop in China's farmland. About 2.67 million square kilometers of land in China have been polluted and turned into dessert.Today , can we use less farmland to have more people enough food Of course not! The government wants China to have at least 120 million hectares (公顷) of farmland. Only in this way can we raise such a big population. But there are only about 121.8 million hectares left. "It will be really difficult to reach the goal", Gan said. He said that the government would fight illegal (非法的) land use and something useful must be done to stop farmland from becoming dessert.81. The article seems to tell us that ___________.A. farmland is in danger B. countryside is turned into townsC. farmland has been sold D. Chinese cities are growing fast82. From what Gan Zangchun said, he is worrying about ____________.A. China’s development is too slow B. The population of China is growing fastC. Chinese people have worse life than beforeD. the reduction(减少)and pollution of the farmland83. What size of the land have been polluted and turned into dessert A.120 million hectares. B.121.8 million hectares.C.2.67 million square kilometres. D.Millions of square kilometres.84. Which statement of the following is NOT true A.YANG Nan’s new home is in a northern area of Beijing.B.The country needs enough farmland so that the farmers can grow enough food for the people of China.C.Chinese cities are growing too slowly so the government encourage people to change the farmland into towns .D.Pollution is also an important reason for the big drop in China's farmland.85.What will the government do with the problem of the drop in China’s farmland A.Government needs farmland to grow food for the people of China.B.Government will order not to build new towns any more.C.Government will stop the growth of the cities in order to stop selling farmland forbusiness.D.Government will fight illegal (非法的) land use and stop farmland from becomingdessert.第Ⅱ卷(非选择题 共35分)Ⅶ.选词填空(10分)A. 阅读短文,从方框中选择适当的单词填空。(每词限用一次)(5分)It’s a wonderful place to have (86)____________. It’s famous for many kinds of (87) __________ fruits and special local food . Besides that, (88 ) ___________ you came here,You can enjoy the (89) __________and mountains wherever you are, you will be impressed by the friendly local people .For your ( 90 ) __________vacation , why not consider travelling to Jinan B 阅读短文,从方框中选出适当的词,并用其适当形式填空。有的需要加助动词或不定式符号。(5分)Alice Pyne, a 15-year-old girl, (91)__________against cancer for four years. But she's recently found out that her illness was worse. And she only has short time left. Instead of (92)__________, the teenage girl has decided to enjoy the time she has on Earth. So a few months ago, she(93)__________ a blog(博客) listing all the things she'd like to do before she leaves the world. She said “Something (94)__________before I leave.” At present, the things she (95)____________ to do include making everyone donate his own marrow(骨髓) to save other people and so on.Ⅷ.改写句子 按括号中的要求完成句子,每个空格填一个单词。(5分)96.We did housework at home yesterday.(变否定句)We _________ __________housework at home yesterday.97.She has made lots of movies in the last few years. (划线提问)_________ has she _________in the last few years?98.My mother asked me, “Are you having breakfast outside ”(合并成一句,句意不变)My mother asked me _________I _________ having breakfast at home.99. We cheered him up by telling the exciting news to him. (改写句子,句意不变)After hearing of the exciting news, he ___________ ____________ up .100.Because of too much pressure, we are supposed to stay away from unhealthy lifestyles . (改写句子,句意不变)We should ___________ __________unhealthy lifestyles because there’s too much pressure.Ⅸ.完成句子 根据汉语意思完成英语句子,每个空格填一个单词。(5分)101.你的房间一团糟,清扫一下吧!Your room is a real mess, ___________ it ___________please!102.到目前为止越来越多的人对英语感兴趣。More and more people have _________ an __________ ___________English so far.103.中国领导人对非洲的成功访问显示了中国对非洲人民具有极大的吸引力。The great success of the Chinese leaders’ visit to Africa showed many __________ _________ African people.104. H7N9禽流感病毒的来袭一定会引起鸡肉价格的狂跌.A huge decrease(下降) in chicken prices __________ __________ _________ by the assaultof H7N9.Ⅹ.任务型阅读 阅读短文,按要求完成各题。(5分)In the past twenty years, riding bicycles has become more and more popular among people of all ages. Bicycles have long played an important part in the lives of American young people. But today an even greater number of adults cycle along roadsides and bicycle paths. These new riders are often trying to become fit or lose weight. They have found that bicycling is a pleasant way to stay healthy.This is certainly good for health. But it has also brought some problems. With all these added people on the road, bicycle safety has become a matter of real importance.Bicycle safety is mostly a matter of common sense. People should ride only on bicycle paths where they will not be badly hurt. There are also a number of rules that riders should follow, especially when riding on streets or highways. Bicyclists should never ride against the traffic, nor should they carry other people on their bicycles. They are also supposed to ride in single line on busy streets and to “walk bicycles across the busy intersections(交叉路口)”. By following these rules, bicycle riders will not only stay healthy but also be safe.In one recent year, the National Safety Council reported that 34 thousand bicycle riders were hurt in highway accidents. In that same year, another six hundred riders were killed. Since the introduction of crash helmets(头盔) in 1980, the number of injuries(伤者) and deaths from bicycling accidents had gone down. Today, more and more riders realize the dangers of bicycling. They are wearing helmets and paying closer attention to cycling rules.105.根据短文内容完成句子(每空限填一个单词)After the third paragraph of the passage, we know bicyclists aren’t supposed to ride _________the traffic or give others a _________ on their bicycles.106.根据短文内容完成句子(每空限填一个单词)After crash helmets were ________ in 1980, fewer people got injured and even fewer people __________from bicycling accidents.107.根据短文回答问题。According to the National Safety Council’s report, what’s the total number of injuries in one recent year __________________________________________________________________________108.把文中画线的句子翻译成汉语。__________________________________________________________________________109.根据短文内容用一个完整的英文句子(限10个词以内)回答问题。What is the main idea of the passage ___________________________________________________________________________Ⅺ.书面表达(10分)根据所给图画,写一篇约80词的短文。要求完整叙述故事内容。__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________姓名: 准考证号密 封 线 内 不 要 答 题姓名: 准考证号密 封 线 内 不 要 答 题姓名: 准考证号密 封 线 内 不 要 答 题fun lakes next when tastydo, want, fight, create, frustrate绝密★启用前2013年初三年级学业水平模拟考试物理、化学试题(2013.04)第Ⅰ卷(选择题 共34分)【物理部分】12.下列人类已发现的组成物质的粒子中,空间尺度最小的是A.质子 B.原子 C.中子 D.夸克13.从环保角度讲,凡是影响正常的生活、学习、工作和休息的不适当光照就可以认为是光污染。建筑物的玻璃幕墙、釉面砖墙和磨光的大理石都能造成光污染,形成光污染的主要原因是由于A.光的折射 B.光的反射C.光的色散 D.光沿直线传播14.激光指示器,又称为激光笔。恶意使用是极为危险的,会造成暂时性甚至永久性视力损伤。其核心部件发光二极管的材料是A.半导体材料 B.超导体材料 C.纳米材料 D.复合材料15.下列能源中属于不可再生能源的是A.风能 B.水能 C.化石能源 D.动植物能16.下列四幅实验装置都是用来研究电与磁的,其中制造电风扇依据的原理图是17.人从沙滩上走向深水的过程中,会感觉身体越来越轻。同学们针对这一现象,经过讨论提出了如下四个科学问题,其中较为合理的是A.浮力的大小与哪些因素有关B.浮力的大小是否与人的重力有关C.浮力的大小是否与液体的密度有关D.浮力的大小是否与浸在液体中的深度有关18.目前有一种新型太阳能公共卫生间,该卫生间的能源全部由位于顶部的太阳能电池板提供,它还能将多余的能量储存在蓄电池里。这种能量转化和储存的方式是A. 太阳能转化为电能,再转化为化学能 B.太阳能转化为内能,再转化为电能C. 太阳能转化为内能,再转化为化学能 D.大阳能转化为电能.再转化为光能19. “探究凸透镜成像规律” 的实验中,凸透镜焦距是5cm。如图1所示的情景,眼睛可能观察到烛焰经凸透镜成倒立、放大像的是20.小灯泡突然烧坏,有时在开关闭合的状态下用指甲盖弹击几下,它就会重新亮起来,并且比烧坏前还要亮。下面几句是对此的解释:①灯丝中的电流变大。②灯丝重新搭上后会变短,电阻变小。③重新搭上后比烧坏前还要亮。④实际电功率也变大。正确排列顺序是A.②①④③ B.②①③④ C.②③④① D.①②④③21.如图2所示是人们在家庭用电中的几种做法。其中正确的是22.如图3所示电路中,电源电压恒定,R1为定值电阻,R2为滑动变阻器。闭合开关S后,滑动变阻器滑片P自b向a移动的过程中,电表的变化情况是A.A的示数变小,V1的示数不变,V2的示数变小B.A的示数变小,V1的示数不变,V2的示数变大C.A的示数变大,V1的示数变大,V2的示数变小D.A的示数变大,V1的示数变小,V2的示数变大二、多项选择题(本大题共4小题,每小题3分,共12分。每小题给出的四个选项中,至少有两个选项符合题目的要求)23.在物理学习过程中,经常需要进行估测。以下估测较为符合实际的是A.十枚山鸡蛋质量大约是500g B.人脉搏跳动一次用时约为1sC.济南市北园高架路限速80m/s D.每张纸的厚度约为1mm24.清明小长假,小乐和同学到“天下第一泉”景区游玩。善于观察和思考的小乐发现许多与物理相关的现象并给同学做出解释如下,其中合理的是A.五龙潭花香阵阵,分子在永不停息地运动B.划桨荡舟大明湖,利用了省力杠杆的知识C.波涛声震大明湖,形容趵突泉喷涌时音调高D.护城河航线上的船闸,运用了连通器的原理25.如图4所示,物理实验经常用到“斜面”。课本中的下列实验用到“斜面”的是A.科学探究速度的变化B.滑动摩擦力与哪些因素有关C.科学探究牛顿第一定律D.动能的大小与哪些因素有关26.物理与生活密切相连,下列生活实例用物理现象解释正确的是A.琴师用松香擦二胡弓弦——减小摩擦 B.天坛公园回音壁——声音的反射C.风扇扇叶下有很多灰尘——摩擦起电 D.用吸管吸饮料——大气压强现象绝密★启用前历下区2013年初三年级学业水平模拟考试物理、化学试题第Ⅱ卷(非选择题 共56分)注意事项:1.第Ⅱ卷为非选择题,请考生用蓝、黑色钢笔(签字笔)或圆珠笔直接在试卷上作答,作图题可用铅笔作答。2.答卷前,请考生先将考点、姓名、准考证号、座号填写在试卷规定的位置。3.本考试不允许使用计算器。三、非选择题(本大题共11小题,共56分)【物理部分】27.(4分)辽宁号航空母舰可搭载40架各型舰载机。如图5所示,在舰载机起飞后,它受到的浮力将___________(选填“增大”、“减小”或“不变”)。辽宁号与执行任务的舰载机之间的通讯联系是利用_____________波来工作的。28.(4分)水平路面上匀速行驶的洒水车正在洒水作业,它的机械能将_____________(选填“增大”、“减小”或“不变”)。洒在柏油马路上的水很快就消失了,发生的物态变化是______________。29.(4分)如图6所示是能自动追踪太阳的太阳灶,其成本低,环保无污染。它和凸透镜一样对光线有___________作用,焦斑最高温度可达到1500℃。太阳灶对水壶加热是利用了______________的方式增加水的内能。30.(4分)说明图7所示图文中所蕴含的物理知识或解释现象例如:图A中的图文说明 劳动时利用惯性 。⑴图B中的图文说明___________________________________________________。⑵图C中的图文说明___________________________________________________。31.(3分)如图8所示,重5N的小球沿斜面自由滚下。请在图中画出其重力示意图。32. (3分)小青同学在家长的帮助下自制了一个调光台灯。他们使用的器材有插头、电位器(滑动变阻器)、开关、白炽灯、导线等。图9的方框内已画出了台灯连接线的插头部分,请你在图中完成该台灯的内部电路原理图。33.(8分)某学校为美化校园环境从长清区一采石场订购了一块底面积约5 m2、平均高度2.6 m的泰山石。采石场距学校72 km,施工方的载重汽车早4:30出发,平均速度10 m/s。已知:泰山石的密度ρ =2.6×103kg/m3,取g =10N/kg,请通过计算回答:⑴施工方几点能到达学校?⑵该泰山石的质量是多少?⑶该石对水平地面的压强多大?⑷经测算,安放该石的地面无法承受如此大的压强,请提出解决方案并说明理由。34.(8分)如图10所示为某品牌的即热式电热水器,采用“BASE”加热体,通水才通电,打开出水口几秒钟就能流出热水,不用即停,节约电力能源。该电热水器的部分技术参数和铜芯线长期负载电流与导线横截面积的关系见下表。型 号 额定功率 额定电压 额定频率 额定压力 超温保护D31﹣65 6600W 220V 50Hz 0.6Mpa 60℃导线横截面积S/mm2 1 1.5 2.5 4 6铜芯线允许长期负载电流I/A 6~8 8~16 16~25 25~32 32~40⑴若电费为0.6元/kW·h,该热水器在额定电压下平均每天使用30min,该热水器一个月(按30天计算)的电费为多少元?⑵通过计算说明安装该电热水器时,至少应选择哪种型号的铜芯导线?⑶某年久小区住户安装了该热水器后,总开关经常跳闸,请分析原因并从安全用电角度给出合理建议。35.(6分)小青用如图11所示的电路探究“电阻中的电流跟它两端电压的关系”,图12是小青未完成连接的实验电路。⑴现要求滑动变阻器滑片向左移动时,电流表示数增大。请你用笔画线代替导线,完成图中实验电路的连接。⑵小青在实验中通过调节滑动变阻器滑片,测出通过电阻R的不同电流和对应的电压值,如下表所示。实验次数 1 2 3 4 5 6电压U / V 0.5 1.0 1.6 1.9 2.5 3.0电流 I / A 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6根据实验数据可得出初步结论是_________________________________________________________________________________________________________。⑶本实验结束后,她想把实验电路中的电阻R更换成一个额定电压为3.8V、阻值约为10Ω的小灯泡后,进行“测量小灯泡的额定电功率”的实验,则对实验电路必须进行的改动是_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。36.(6分)盛夏将至,太阳光中的紫外线很容易使皮肤晒黑。为此“第一泉中学”的同学想探究衣服的防晒效果。⑴如图13所示,让阳光经衣服透射,用光纤探头和相关仪器测出此处紫外线强度,并测出_______________________________________,用二者的比值来表示紫外线透过率,这是用两个相同物理量的比值定义新物理量的方法。在初中物理中采用这种方法定义的物理量是__________________。⑵该实验是通过紫外线透过率来反映________________________________。⑶同学们选择了一个阳光明媚中午反复实验,并认真记录数据如下表所示:实验序号 衣服材质 衣服布料层数 紫外线透过率1 天蚕丝 1 12%2 2 5%3 化纤 1 28%4 2 14%5 全棉T恤(白色) 1 7%6 全棉T恤(黑色) 1 4%请你分析上表数据,给大家提出一条夏季户外活动时着装的建议:_________________________________________________________________________________。37.(6分)在初三复习“电流做功与哪些因素有关”的实验时,“第一泉中学”的教师克服困难,找来了相关器材组织同学们进行探究实验。⑴为了提高课堂效率,教师把全班分成若干小组,分别探究影响电流做功的不同因素。图14所示是小峰小组采用的实验装置,请你仔细观察、分析该实验装置图,他们采用的是____________(选填“并联”或“串联”)电路进行实验,他们小组准备探究电流做功与__________________的关系。组别 通电时间t/min R1电流I1/A R2电流I2/A A瓶末温tA末 /℃ B瓶末温tB末 /℃ A瓶△tA /℃ B瓶△tB /℃小峰 3 0.5 1 29 38 11 20小强 6 0.5 1 38 53 20 35⑵为了防止结论的偶然性,他们与小强小组相约,取相同器材和等质量的煤油进行实验。煤油的初温与当时的室温相同,均为18℃,记录实验数据如下表所示:请你分析小峰小组的数据并对比分析两个小组的数据,归纳两条结论:__________________________________________________________________________;__________________________________________________________________________。⑶下课之后,小峰整理课上各小组汇总的数据,对照课本相关内容,进一步定量分析实验数据。发现在末温较低时,实验数据与电功公式的理论基本符合,而末温较高时的实验数据与理论相差较大,请你帮他分析原因:_____________________________________________________________________________________________________。绝密★启用前历下区2013年初三年级学业水平模拟考试物理试题参考答案及评分标准第Ⅰ卷 (选择题 共34分)一、单项选择题 本大题包括11小题,每小题2分,共22分。12.D 13.B 14.A 15.C 16.D 17.D 18.A 19.B 20.A 21.B 22.C评分意见:每小题选对的得2分,多选、错选或不选的均不得分。二、多项选择题 本大题包括4小题,每小题3分,共12分。23.AB 24.AD 25.ACD 26. BCD评分意见:每小题全部选对的得3分,部分选对而无错选的得2分,错选或不选的均不得分。第Ⅱ卷 (非选择题 共56分)三、非选择题 本大题包括11小题,共56分。27.(4分)减小;电磁28.(4分)减小;汽化(蒸发)29.(4分)会聚;热传递30.(4分)气体在流速大的地方压强较小;水的比热容大评分意见:27、28、29、30题每空2分。30题,只要意思对就可给分。填空题有错别字的不得分。31.(3分)如图答。 32.(3分)如图答。评分意见: 31题3分;32题3分。31题,画对力的方向的按以下标准给分:力的大小、方向、作用点各得1分;32题,画成串联电路且电路符号完全正确得3分。(另画电源的不得分;开关不画圈的也正确。)33.(8分)解:⑴ t=10m/s=36km/h由υ = 得,载重汽车的行驶时间为t = ==2h施工方6:30能到达学校 …………………………………………… 2分⑵ V=Sh=5m2×2.6m=13 m3由ρ = 得,该泰山石的的质量m = ρV =2.6×103kg/m3×13 m3=3.38×104kg ………………… 2分⑶ G =mg = 3.38×104kg×10N/kg=3.38×105N ………………… 1分因为水平,所以F = G =3.38×105N该石对水平地面的压强p = = =6.76×104Pa ………………………… 2分⑷ 可根据实际情况在地面上制作底面积较大的基座 ……………… 1分评分意见:本小题8分。可参照上述标准给分。只写出公式及其变形式而未与题中给出各量相联系的不得分。因前面数字计算结果错误而导致后面结果错误的,不重复扣分。没有说明物理量之间关系扣1分,代入数据中没有单位或单位有错误扣1分。其他解法正确的同样给分。第4问,只要意思正确就可给分。34.(8分)解:⑴ P=6600W=6.6 kW,t天 =30min=0.5h,t月 =0.5h×30=15h由P=得,该热水器一个月消耗的电能为W=Pt = 6.6 kW×15h =99 kW·h…………………………………… 2分热该水器一个月的电费 99 kW·h×0.6元/kW·h =59.4元………… 1分⑵ 由P=UI得,I===30A ……………………………………………… 2分查表知,至少应选择导线横截面积为4 mm2的铜芯导线 …………… 1分⑶ 原因是总功率过大; 建议更换允许长期负载电流更大的铜芯导线和额定电流适合的总开关 ……………………………………………………………… 2分评分意见:本小题8分。可参照上述标准给分。第3问,只要意思正确就可给这2分。只写出公式及其变形式而未与题中给出各量相联系的不得分。因前面数字计算结果错误而导致后面结果错误的,不重复扣分。代入数据中没有单位或单位有错误扣1分。其他解法正确的同样给分。第3问其他合理答案同样给分。35.(6分)⑴ 如图答⑵ 同一导体中的电流跟它们两端的电压成正比(或“电阻一定时,通过它们的电流跟它们两端的电压成正比。”)。⑶ 电源最少使用3节干电池(或“电源电压3.8V以上”);电压表选择0-15V量程。评分意见:本题共6分。⑴ 2分。每画对一根导线得1分。⑵ 2分。⑶ 2分。每条1分。其他说法合理也可给分。36. (6分)⑴ 阳光直接照射光纤探头的紫外线强度;机械效率⑵ 衣服的防晒效果⑶ 夏季外出时,尽量穿全棉布料的衣服评分意见:本题共6分。⑴ 2分。每空1分。⑵ 2分。⑶ 2分。第3问,只要意思正确就可给分。37.(6分)⑴ 并联;电流大小⑵ 1、在电压和通电时间相同时,用电器中的电流越大,电流做功越多;2、在电压和电流相同时,用电器通电时间越长,电流做功越多。⑶ 温差越大,热量损失越快评分意见:本题共6分。⑴ 2分。每空1分。⑵ 2分。每个结论1分。⑶ 2分。只答 “热量损失”,可得1分。A B C D图1ABCD图2A.测电笔的握法B.带金属外壳的用电器使用合格的三孔插座C.多个大功率用电器同时使用一个插座D.使用绝缘皮破损的导线图3图4得 分 评卷人图5得 分 评卷人得 分 评卷人图6得 分 评卷人图7图A 图B 图C图8图9得 分 评卷人得 分 评卷人得 分 评卷人得 分 评卷人图10得 分 评卷人AV图11C DR0.6 3A153V3 151515PSA B图12得 分 评卷人图13得 分 评卷人图14C DR0.6 3A153V3 151515PSA B历下区2013年第一次模拟考试数学试题第Ⅰ卷(选择题 共45分)一、选择题(本大题共15个小题,每题3分,共45分。在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的)1.气温2℃比气温-18℃高( )A.16℃ B.20℃ C.-16℃ D.-20℃2.若x与y互为相反数,则x+y的值为( )A.0 B.1 C.-1 D.3.在平面直角坐标系中,点M(-3,2)关于原点对称的点在( )A.第一象限 B.第二象限 C.第三象限 D.第四象限4.如图所示,该几何体的主视图应为( )5.下列各运算中,计算正确的是( )A. B. C. D.6.已知⊙的半径是5cm,⊙的半径是3 cm,=8 cm,则⊙和⊙的位置关系是( )A.外离 B.外切 C.内切 D.相交7.不等式组的解集在数轴上表示为( )8.化简的结果是( )A. B. C. D.9.以下问题,不适合用全面调查的是( )A.了解全班同学每周体育锻炼的时间 B.鞋厂检查生产的鞋底能承受的弯折次数C.学校招聘教师,对应聘人员面试 D.黄河中学调查全校753名学生的身高10.一组数据为:2,2,3,4,5,5,5,6,则下列说法正确的是( ) A.这组数据的众数是2 B.这组数据的平均数是3 C.这组数据的极差是4 D.这组数据的中位数是511.对于一次函数y=-x+4,下列结论错误的是( )A. 函数值随自变量的增大而减小B.点(4-a, a)在该函数的图象上C.函数的图象与直线y=x+2垂直D.函数的图象与坐标轴围城的三角形的周长是4+12.如图,在⊙O中,弦∥,若,则 ( )A. B. C. D.13.已知:直线l1∥l2,一块含30°角的直角三角板如图所示放置,∠1=25°,则∠2等于( )A.30° B.35° C.40° D.45°14.如图,在矩形ABCD中,,BC=1. 现将矩形ABCD 绕点C顺时针旋转90°得到矩形,则AD边扫过的面积(阴影部分)为( )A . π B. π C.π D. π15.如图,直线 交x轴、y轴于A、B两点,P是反比例函数图象上位于直线下方的一点,过点P作x轴的垂线,垂足为点M,交AB于点E,过点P作y轴的垂线,垂足为点N,交AB于点F,则AF·BE=( )A.2 B.4 C. 6 D.第Ⅱ卷(非选择题 共75分)二、填空题(本大题共6个小题,每题3分,共18分,把答案填在题中的横线上)16.据报道,截止2013年1月济南市机动车拥有量约1400000辆.将数1400000用科学记数法表示为____ ___.17.分解因式:=____ ___.18.当x_________时,在实数范围内有意义.19.某公司前年缴税400万元,今年缴税484万元,该公司缴税 的年平均增长率为 .20.小英家的圆形镜子被打碎了,她拿了如图(网格中的每个小 正方形边长为1)的一块碎片到玻璃店,配制成形状、大小与原来一致的镜面,则这个镜面的半径是____ .21.如图,在平面直角坐标系中有一边长为1的正方形OABC,边 OA、OC分别在x轴、y轴上,如果以对角线OB为边作第二个正方形OBB1C1,再以对角线OB1为边作第三个正方形OB1B2C2,照此规律作下去,则正方形OB2012B2013C2013的对称中心的坐标为____ ___.三、解答题:(本大题共7个小题,共57分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤)22.(本小题满分7分)(1)计算:cos30° (2)解方程:23.(本小题满分7分)(1)如图,已知AC⊥BC,BD⊥AD,AC 与BD 交于O,AC=BD.求证:△OAB是等腰三角形.(2)某路口设立了交通路况显示牌(如图).已知立杆AB 高度是3m,从侧面D点测得显示牌顶端C点和底端B点的仰角分别是60°和45°.求路况显示牌BC的高度.24. (本小题满分8分)甲 乙进价(元/件) 15 35售价(元/件) 20 45某商店需要购进甲、乙两种商品共160件,其进价和售价如下表:(注:获利=售价-进价)若商店计划销售完这批商品后能获利1100元,问甲、乙两种商品应分别购进多少件 25.(本小题满分8分)有一个不透明口袋,装有分别标有数字1,2,3,4的4个小球(小球除数字不同外,其余都相同),另有3张背面完全一样、正面分别写有数字1,2,3的卡片.小敏从口袋中任意摸出一个小球,小颖从这3张背面朝上的卡片中任意摸出一张,然后计算小球和卡片上的两个数的积.(1)请你用列表或画树状图的方法,求摸出的这两个数的积为6的概率;(2)小敏和小颖做游戏,她们约定:若这两个数的积为奇数,小敏赢;否则,小颖赢.你认为该游戏公平吗?为什么?26.(本小题满分9分)在菱形ABCD中,∠ABC=60°,E是对角线AC上一点,F是线段BC延长线上一点,且CF=AE,连接BE、EF.(1)若E是线段AC的中点,如图,求证:BE=EF;(2)若E是线段AC或AC延长线上的任意一点,其它条件不变,如图2、图3,线段BE与EF有怎样的数量关系,直接写出你的猜想;并选择一种情况给予证明.27.(本小题满分9分)如图,设直线l2:y= -2x+8与x轴相交于点N,与直线l1相交于点E(1,a),双曲线y=(x>0)经过点E,且与直线l1相交于另一点F(9,) .(1)求双曲线解析式及直线l1的解析式;(2) 点P在直线l1上,过点F向y轴作垂线,垂足为点B,交直线l2于点H,过点P向x轴作垂线,垂足为点D,与FB交于点C.①请直接写出当线段PH与线段PN的差最大时点P的坐标;②当以P、B、C三点为顶点的三角形与△AMO相似时,求点P的坐标.28.(本小题满分9分)已知:如图,抛物线与y轴交于点C(0,4),与x轴交于点A、B,点A的坐标为(4,0).(1)求该抛物线的解析式;(2)点Q、E同时从B点出发,点E以每秒1个单位的速度沿线段BC向点C运动,点Q以每秒2个单位的速度沿线段BA向点A运动,当其中一点到达终点时另一点也停止运动,连接CQ、EQ,求△CQE的最大面积;(3)若平行于x轴的动直线与该抛物线交于点P,与直线AC交于点F,点D的坐标为(2,0),问:是否存在这样的直线,使得△ODF是等腰三角形?若存在,请求出点P的坐标;若不存在,请简明说明理由.第4题图ABCD102A.102B.102C.102D.第12题图l11第13题图l22第14题图ABOxyNFEPM第15题图第20题图第21题图ABCDO第23(1)题图第23(2)题图第26题图ENPBFMODCEMBED Equation.3 EMBED Equation.3 EMBED Equation.3 EMBED Equation.3 EMBED Equation.3xEMBED Equation.3Ay第27题图H第28题图yx 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源列表 山东省济南市历下区2013届初中学业水平阶段性调研测试(一模)数学试题(无答案).doc 山东省济南市历下区2013届初中学业水平阶段性调研测试(一模)物理化学试题(无答案).doc 山东省济南市历下区2013届初中学业水平阶段性调研测试(一模)英语试题(无答案).doc 山东省济南市历下区2013届初中学业水平阶段性调研测试(一模)语文试题(无答案).doc