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八年级语法训练 通用版-11 宾语从句（基础练）
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、多句选词填空
选词填空
where，that，if，who，whether，how，when，what，how much，how long
1．The teacher told us ________ the sun rises in the east.
2．I want to know ________ you will come to my birthday party or not.
3．She asked me ________ I liked pop music. I told her that I liked it very much.
4．—Do you know ________ he was born
—Yes, I do. He was born in Hebei Province.
5．I asked him ________ the meeting would start. The secretary told me that it would start at 4:30.
6．I want to know ________ I can keep the book. I want to keep it for two weeks.
7．Lisa asked me ________ I needed to pay for the sweater.
8．They decided to go there by bus. Please tell me ________ you are going there.
9．Lisa wanted to know ________ my English name was.
10．—Do you know ________ is talking with our teacher
—No, I don’t. But I guess it’s Linda’s mother.
二、改写句子
11．The moon travels around the earth. The teacher said that. （合成宾语从句）
________________
12．Where did Peter go yesterday Li Lei wants to know. （合成宾语从句）
________________
13．Where is he reading I can’t see. （合成宾语从句）
________________
14．Will he leave for America Did you know （合成宾语从句）
________________
15．Where does your sister work Please tell me. （合成宾语从句）
________________
16．Who is she looking for Could you tell me （合成宾语从句）
________________
17．What time will the train leave Do you know that （合成宾语从句）
________________
18．Where is the nearest restaurant Can you tell me （合成宾语从句）
________________
三、句子/对话改错
下面每句话中有—处错误，请指出并改正。
19．They said that they will go out for a picnic.
________________
20．He knew what I want to say.
________________
21．I want to know where does he come from.
________________
22．He told me why did he make such a big mistake.
________________
23．He said that the light travelled faster than the sound.
________________
24．She asked me where I will go shopping.
________________
25．Lucy told me that she is washing her clothes.
________________
26．He asked why did Tom cry.
________________
27．He said if he wanted to help us.
________________
28．I told my mother that I like reading books.
________________
四、完成句子
29．你能告诉我你现在是在科学博物馆吗
Could you tell me ________________ in the science museum now
30．她刚才说她正在浇花。
Just now she said she ________________ the flowers.
31．我想知道你们什么时候会回北京。
I want to know ________________ go back to Beijing.
32．他知道我为什么上班迟到了。
He knew ________________ late for work.
33．你知道他是怎么到达公园的吗
Did you know ________________ at the park
34．他问我是否来自中国。
He asked me ________________ from China.
35．我不知道他住在哪里。
I didn’t know ________________.
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参考答案：
1．that
2．whether
3．if##whether
4．where
5．when
6．how long
7．how much
8．how
9．what
10．who
【解析】
1．
句意：老师告诉我们太阳从东方升起。从句“the sun rises in the east”不缺任何成分，应用引导词that，故填that。
2．
句意：我想知道你是否会来参加我的生日聚会。whether or not：是否，固定搭配，故填whether。
3．
句意：她问我是否喜欢流行音乐。我告诉她我非常喜欢它。根据“She asked me”及“I told her that I liked it very much”可知，问我是否喜欢，用if/whether“是否”引导宾语从句，故填if/whether。
4．
句意：——你知道他在哪里出生吗？——是的，我知道。他出生于河北省。根据答语“He was born in Hebei Province”可知，询问在哪里出生，用where引导宾语从句，故填where。
5．
句意：我问他会议什么时候开始。秘书告诉我四点半开始。根据“ it would start at 4:30”可知，询问什么时候开始，用when引导宾语从句，故填when。
6．
句意：我想知道这本书我能借多久。我想借两个星期。根据“I want to keep it for two weeks”可知，询问能借多久，用how long引导宾语从句，故填how long。
7．
句意：丽莎问我买这件毛衣需要多少钱。根据“I needed to pay for the sweater.”可知，询问要付多少钱，用how much引导宾语从句，故填how much。
8．
句意：他们决定乘公共汽车去那里。请告诉我你打算怎么去那里。根据“They decided to go there by bus”可知，此处指如何去那里，用how引导宾语从句，故填how。
9．
句意：丽莎想知道我的英文名字是什么。宾语从句was后缺少表语，用what引导宾语从句，故填what。
10．
句意：——你知道谁在和我们的老师谈话吗？——不， 我不知道。但我猜是Linda的妈妈。根据“But I guess it’s Linda’s mother”可知，询问谁和老师谈话，用who引导宾语从句，故填who。
11．The teacher said that the moon travels around the earth.
【解析】
句意：月球绕地球运行。老师说的。“The moon travels around the earth”作为从句不缺任何成分，应用that引导宾语从句，且从句是陈述客观事实，仍用一般现在时，故填The teacher said that the moon travels around the earth.
12．Li Lei wants to know where Peter went yesterday.
【解析】
句意：彼得昨天去哪儿了？李雷想知道。从句用陈述语序，根据“did”可知，从句应用一般过去时，故填Li Lei wants to know where Peter went yesterday.
13．I can’t see where he is reading.
【解析】
句意：他在哪里读书？我看不到。合成宾语从句主句是I can’t see，where引导宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，故填I can’t see where he is reading.
14．Did you know if he would leave for America ##Did you know whether he would leave for America
【解析】
句意：他会去美国吗？你知道吗？从句是一般疑问句，宾语从句用引导词if/whether，从句用陈述语序，且根据“did”以及“主过从必过”可知，从句用过去将来时would do的结构，故填Did you know if/whether he would leave for America
15．Please tell me where your sister works.
【解析】
句意：你妹妹在哪里工作？请告诉我。根据题干可知，本题要求合成宾语从句，“Please tell me”作句子的主句，后接宾语从句，宾语从句需要用陈述句的语序，即疑问词+主语+谓语+宾语；故填Please tell me where your sister works.
16．Could you tell me who she is looking for ##Could you tell me whom she is looking for
【解析】
句意：她在找谁？你能告诉我吗？从句要用陈述语序，引导词可以用who或whom，故填Could you tell me who/whom she is looking for
17．Do you know what time the train will leave
【解析】
句意：火车什么时候开？你知道吗？合成宾语从句表示“你知道火车什么时候开吗”，主句是Do you know，what time引导从句，从句用陈述语序。故填Do you know what time the train will leave
18．Can you tell me where the nearest restaurant is
【解析】
句意：最近的餐馆在哪里？你能告诉我吗？宾语从句要用陈述语序，be动词is要放在主语the nearest restaurant后，故填Can you tell me where the nearest restaurant is
19．will改为would
20．want改为wanted
21．does he come改为he comes
22．did he make改为he made
23．travelled改为travels
24．will改为would
25．is改为was
26．did Tom cry改为Tom cried
27．if改为that
28．like改为liked
【解析】
19．
句意：他们说他们要出去野餐。
根据“They said that they will go out for a picnic.”主句中的said为一般过去时态，因此宾语从句也要用过去的某一种时态，所以要把will改为would，故答案为will改为would。
20．
句意：他知道我想说什么。
根据“He knew what I want to say.”主句中的knew为一般过去时态，因此宾语从句也要用过去的某一种时态，所以要把want改为wanted，故答案为want改为wanted。
21．
句意：我想知道他是哪里人。
根据“I want to know where does he come from.”宾语从句的语序要用陈述句语序，句中的宾语从句为疑问句语序，所以要变为陈述句语序，因此把does he come改为he comes，故答案为does he come改为he comes。
22．
句意：他告诉我他为什么犯这么大的错误。
根据“He told me why did he make such a big mistake.”宾语从句的语序要用陈述句语序，句中的宾语从句为疑问句语序，所以要变为陈述句语序，应把did he make改为he made，故答案为did he make改为he made。
23．
句意：他说光的传播速度比声音快。
根据“He said that the light travelled faster than the sound.”可知宾语从句表示的客观真理，因此不论主句用何种时态，从句一律用一般现在时，所以应把travelled改为travels，故答案为travelled改为travels。
24．
句意：她问我要去哪里购物。
根据“She asked me where I will go shopping.”主句中的asked为一般过去时态，因此宾语从句也要用过去的某一种时态，所以要把will改为would，故答案为will改为would。
25．
句意：露西告诉我她正在洗衣服。
根据“Lucy told me that she is washing her clothes.”主句中的told为一般过去时态，因此宾语从句也要用过去的某一种时态，所以要把is改为was，故答案为is改为was。
26．
句意：他问汤姆为什么哭。
根据“He asked why did Tom cry.”宾语从句的语序要用陈述句语序，这里的宾语从句为疑问句语序，所以要变为陈述句语序，应把did Tom cry改为Tom cried，故答案为did Tom cry改为Tom cried。
27．
句意：他说他想帮助我们。
根据“He said if he wanted to help us.”可知本题从句部分表示陈述语气，因此应由连接词that引导宾语从句，that只充当引导词，没有词义，在从句中不作任何成分；而当从句表示一种疑问语气时，才用whether/if引导宾语从句；所以应把if改为that，故答案为if改为that。
28．
句意：我告诉我妈妈我喜欢读书。
根据“I told my mother that I like reading books.”主句中的told为一般过去时态，因此宾语从句也要用过去的某一种时态，所以要把like改为liked，故答案为like改为liked。
29．whether you are##if you are
【解析】
whether/if：是否，引导宾语从句，从句用陈述语序；you：你；从句陈述客观事实，要用一般现在时，故be动词用are，故填whether/if you are。
30．was watering
【解析】
根据题干可知，本句为宾语从句，主句是一般过去时态，因此从句也要用过去的某一种时态，结合题干“她正在浇花”，可知用过去进行时态，其结构为was/were+动词的现在分词，主语是she，用was，“浇”翻译为water，其现在分词形式是watering；故填was watering。
31．when you will##when you’ll
【解析】
根据题干可知，本句为宾语从句，宾语从句要用陈述句语序；“什么时候”when，“你们”you；“会、将”will，助动词，后接动词原形构成一般将来时态；故填when you will/when you’ll。
32．why I was
【解析】
why：为什么，引导宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，根据“knew”以及“主过从必过”可知，从句用一般过去时，主语I是第一人称，be动词用was，故填why I was。
33．how he arrived
【解析】
how：如何，引导宾语从句，从句用陈述语序；he：他；arrive at：到达；根据“did”以及“主过从必过”可知，从句用一般过去时，故填how he arrived。
34．if I came##whether I came
【解析】
come from：来自；if/whether：是否，引导宾语从句；从句用陈述语序，且根据“asked”以及“主过从必过”可知，从句用一般过去时，故填if/whether I came。
35．where he lived
【解析】
空处是一个宾语从句，where：在哪里，引导宾语从句，从句用陈述语序；he他；live居住；根据“didn’t”及“主过从必过”原则，从句用一般过去时，故填where he lived。
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