资源简介 松江区2012学年度第二学期月考试卷初三理化(满分150分,完卷时间100分钟) 2013.5化 学 部 分相对原子质量:H—1 O—16 C—12 Cl—35.5 Ca—40 Cu—64 Mg—24六、选择题(每题只有一个正确答案,共20分)27.生活中属于化学变化的是 A.滴水成冰 B.木材制成桌椅 C.粮食酿酒 D.湿衣服晾干28.属于纯净物的是 A.天然气 B.液氧 C.自来水 D.矿泉水29.属于溶液的是 A.牛奶 B.碘酒 C.蒸馏水 D.石灰乳30. 互为同素异形体的一组物质是A.白磷、红磷 B.一氧化碳、二氧化碳C.冰、水 D.天然气、甲烷31.燃烧产物对环境影响最小的物质是A.液化气 B.煤气 C.氢气 D.天然气32.属于物理性质的是A.木炭的稳定性 B.一氧化碳的还原性C.酒精的可燃性 D.浓盐酸的挥发性33.钛铁矿主要成分的化学式为FeTiOx,其中铁元素和钛元素的化合价均显+3价,则x为A.2 B.3 C.4 D.634.我国运载火箭的动力是由高氯酸铵(NH4ClO4)分解提供,该反应的化学方程式为:2NH4ClO4X↑+N2↑+4H2O↑+2O2↑,则X的化学式为A.Cl2 B.NO C.NO2 D.HCl35.制得无定形硅的化学反应方程式为:SiO2 + 2MgSi + 2MgO。该化学反应中的还原剂是A.SiO2 B.Mg C.Si D.MgO36.自来水厂净水流程为:天然水沉降过滤吸附自来水,其中常用作除去臭味的试剂是 A.漂白粉 B.明矾 C.氯气 D.活性炭37.以下结构示意图表示足球烯(C60)结构模型的是 A. B. C. D.38.锡(Sn)是人们常说的“五金”之一,根据金属活动性顺序判断不会发生的反应是A.Zn+Sn(NO3)2 → Zn(NO3)2+Sn B.Sn+2HCl → SnCl2+H2↑C.Sn+2AgNO3 → Sn (NO3)2+2Ag D.Sn+MgSO4 → SnSO4+Mg39. 除去下列物质中的少量杂质(括号内是杂质),所用试剂及方法均正确的是A.铜粉(碳粉)——在空气中灼烧B.氯化亚铁溶液(氯化铜)——加过量的锌粉、过滤C.氢氧化钠(碳酸钠)——加适量的稀盐酸、蒸发D.一氧化碳(二氧化碳)——通过足量的氢氧化钠溶液、干燥40. 下列装置或操作能达到实验目的的是A.证明CO2密度比空气大 B.量取35mL液体 C.测定空气里氧气的含量 D.收集CO2气体41. 对于反应:X+Ca(OH)2 → Y+Cu(OH)2↓,下列分析中正确的是A.该反应类型可能是置换反应 B.Y可能是CaCl2或Ca(NO3)2C.X可能是CuCl2或Fe2(SO4)3 D.X和Y的相对分子质量之差为1842.向含有AgNO3、Cu(NO3)2的混合溶液中加入一定量的铁粉,充分反应后过滤,向滤出的固体中滴加稀硫酸,有气体生成,则滤出的固体一定为A.Ag、Cu两种单质的混合物 B.Cu、Fe两种单质的混合物C.Ag、Fe两种单质的混合物 D.Ag、Cu、Fe三种单质的混合物43.等物质的量的下列物质在足量的氧气中完全燃烧,得到二氧化碳质量最多的是A.C3H8 B.C2H2 C.CH4 D.CO44.某样品中可能含有硫酸铜、碳酸钠、硝酸钾或硝酸钡四种中的一种或几种。现将样品加入足量的水得到无色溶液,再往溶液中加入过量的氯化钙溶液,得到白色沉淀,对样品中的组成判断合理的是A.肯定含有硝酸钾,可能含有硝酸钡 B.肯定含有碳酸钠,可能含有硝酸钡C.不含硫酸铜和硝酸钡,只含碳酸钠 D.肯定含有碳酸钠,可能含有硝酸钾45.右图是甲、乙两种物质的溶解度曲线。在t2℃时往盛有100g水的烧杯中先后加入20g甲和20g乙(两种物质溶解时互不影响,且溶质仍是甲、乙),充分搅拌。将混合物的温度降低到t1℃。下列说法正确的是A.甲物质的溶解度受温度变化的影响较大,乙物质的溶解 度受温度变化的影响较小B.要使乙从其浓溶液中析出,可采用冷却热饱和溶液法 C.温度降低到t1℃时,甲、乙的溶质质量分数相等D.t2℃时,甲物质的溶液为饱和溶液,乙物质的溶液为不饱和溶液46.向一定质量的稀盐酸中加入镁粉至过量,若右面图像中横坐标表示镁粉的质量,则纵坐标表示A.生成气体的质量 B.稀盐酸的质量C.氯化镁的质量 D.溶液的质量七、填空题(共19分)47.生活中处处有化学,通过学习我们已经知道:① 空气中含量最多的气体是 ;② 服用“葡萄糖酸锌”口服液是为了补充 元素;③ 可用于洗涤油污的纯碱的水溶液呈 (填“酸性”、“中性”或“碱性”);④ 食醋(含有醋酸) (填“能”或“不能”)用铁制品来盛放;⑤ 现代人饮食喜欢喝汤,在煲汤时,加入少量食醋可使骨头中难溶于水的磷酸钙转化为可溶性钙盐,则在汤水中钙元素以 (填“游离态”或“化合态”)形态存在;⑥ 撒在田地里的熟石灰能与酸雨(含有H2SO4)发生 反应(填写反应基本类型);⑦ 要用木柴烧火做饭,从燃烧的条件来看,除木柴和空气外,还要具备的条件是 。48. 食物中的淀粉[(C6H10O5)n]在人体内不能直接被吸收利用,而是在淀粉酶和水的作用下转化为葡萄糖(C6H12O6),并溶解在血液里,提供营养和能量。 ① 淀粉、葡萄糖属于 (填“无机物”或“有机物”),它们均有 种元素组成;② 葡萄糖(C6H12O6)分子中碳、氢、氧的原子个数之比为 ,0.5mol葡萄糖(C6H12O6)分子中约含有 个碳原子。49.在化学实验室,小明发现一瓶没有密封好的NaOH已经结块。【提出问题】结块后的固体成分是什么?【猜想与假设】用化学方程式表示氢氧化钠在空气中发生的反应: 。猜想一:固体为碳酸钠。猜想二:固体为 。【查阅资料】 Na2CO3溶液pH>7, BaCl2溶液pH=7, Ca(NO3)2溶液pH=7, CaCl2溶液pH=7,【进行实验】从瓶中取出一定量的固体,加入足量水溶解,再将溶液分三等份分别加入A、B、C三种试剂,进行如下实验。【实验分析】根据实验现象,可判断出结块固体中一定有碳酸钠,请写出不同类别的三种试剂:A 。B .C .【实验设计】为进一步确定固体的成分,小明从实验室里选了两种试剂,先向样品中加入过量的 溶液,然后过滤,再向滤液中加入 ,现象是 ,于是判断出结块固体中一定还有氢氧化钠。八、简答题(共21分)50.下列是实验室常见的实验装置,请回答下列问题:① 写出图中标有a的仪器名称:a 。② 甲同学用氯酸钾与二氧化锰混合加热的方法制取氧气,他选用了C装置,向C装置内加药品前,先要进行的操作是 ,反应中二氧化锰的作用是 ,该反应的化学方程式是 。③ 在用过氧化氢(H2O2)溶液与二氧化锰混合制取氧气时,在选用发生装置时,乙同学选用了A与B,丙同学选用了B,请比较乙同学选用的发生装置的优点是 (写一个即可)。实验结束后,乙同学用带火星的木条伸入集气瓶内,木条没有复燃,请你帮助乙同学分析导致这种现象的原因是 (写一个即可)。④ 如果用一氧化碳还原H装置中的CuO,若要生成0.1摩尔的铜,则需要消耗氧化铜的质量为多少克?(根据化学方程式列式计算,写出计算过程)⑤ 某无色气体可能由H2、CO或CO2中的一种或几种组成,若将该气体先通过H装置,再通入E装置,可看到H中黑色粉末变为光亮的红色,E中澄清石灰水变浑浊,则该气体的组成可能有 种情况,组成是(写出三种可能的情况)(1) ;(2) ;(3) 。若要确定该无色气体的确切组成,可以将该无色气体依次通过上述实验装置 即可(依次填写实验装置编号,装置可以重复使用)。⑥ 大气中CO2含量的增加会加剧温室效应,为寻找处理CO2,减少其排放的方法,同学们合作设计了下列制取CO2,并将CO2转化的实验。实验装置图如下:将CO2转化的实验流程为:Ⅰ. 写出上述实验中制取CO2的化学方程式 ;Ⅱ. 实验中浓硫酸的作用是 ,CO2的收集装置为 (填装置字母);Ⅲ. 实验流程中CO2转化的最终产物为 (填化学式),在此过程中可循环利用的物质是 (填化学式)。51.某电器厂在生产过程中会产生含铜废料。兴趣小组提出从铜废料中回收铜的实验方案如下面流程图。① 实验中要进行多次过滤,下边甲、乙、丙装置中表示过滤操作的是 (填编号);② 滤液中加入过量A物质的目的是 ;③ 固体M中加入B物质后,发生的化学反应方程式为 ;④ 如何确定加入的B物质已经过量? 。松江区2012学年度第二学期月考试卷初三化学参考答案2013.5注意:1.化学方程式每个1分(本卷中配平、条件、状态共1分);2.除标注的外其余每格1分;3.回答问题,合理即给分,把握关键字得分。六、选择题(每题只有一个正确答案,共20分)题号27282930313233343536答案CBBACDBABD题号37383940414243444546答案CDDABDADCD七、填空题(每空1分,共19分)47. (1)N2或氮气 (2)锌或Zn (3)碱性 (4)不能 (5)化合态 (6)复分解(7)温度达到木柴的着火点48. (8)有机物 (9)3 (10)1:2:1(或6:12:6) (11)1.806×102449. (12)2NaOH+ CO2 →Na2CO3+H2O (13)碳酸钠和氢氧化钠(写化学式也可以)(14)HCl(或硫酸或硝酸) (15)Ca(OH)2(或Ba(OH)2) (16)CaCl2(或BaCl2,合理即可) (17)Ca(NO3)2(或CaCl2或BaCl2,合理即可) (18)无色酚酞(或CuCl2,合理即可) (19)溶液变红色(或有蓝色沉淀,合理即可) (备注:此空现象与试剂要对应才能得分)八、简答题(除注明外每空1分,共21分)50. (1)酒精灯 (2)检查装置的气密性 (3)加快反应速率(或催化作用) (4)2KClO32KCl+3O2↑(5)便于添加过氧化氢(H2O2)溶液或控制反应速率或节约药品等(合理给分)(6)装置漏气没有收到氧气或反应物的量不够等(合理给分)(7)设若要生成0.1mol的铜,需要消耗XmolCuO CO + CuO Cu + CO2 (1分) 1 1 X mol 0.1mol 1/x = 1/0.1 X=0.1mol (1分) CuO的质量为0.1mol×80g/mol=8克 (1分)(8)五种。①CO②CO、H2③CO2、H2④CO、CO2⑤CO、CO2、H2(任意正确3个得1分) (9)EFGHDE或EFEGHDE(全部正确得1分)(10)CaCO3 + 2HCl→CaCl2 + H2O + CO2↑ (11)干燥剂(或干燥CO2 或吸收水分) (12)B(13)C和O2(全部正确得1分) (14)HCl (15)甲(16)全部置换出铜(合理给分) (17)Fe+H2SO4 →FeSO4+H2↑(或锌或镁或铝)(18)取第⑤步的滤液,加入铁(或碳酸盐),有气泡产生。(或合理给分)备注:如取第⑤步的滤液,加入氯化钡溶液(或可溶性钡盐或氢氧化钡等),有白色沉淀生成。此方案不行松江区2012学年度第二学期月考试卷初三数学(满分150分,完卷时间100分钟) 2013.5题 号一二三总 分得 分一、选择题:(本大题共6题,每题4分,满分24分)【下列各题的四个选项中,有且只有一个选项是正确的】1.下列代数式中,归类于分式的是……………………………………………………( ) (A); (B); (C); (D).2.下列各数中,不能被6整除的数是…………………………………………………( ) (A)18; (B)12; (C)9; (D)6.3.下列方程中,无实数根的方程是……………………………………………………( ) (A); (B); (C); (D).4.如图,已知一次函数y=kx+b的图像经过点A(5,0)与B(0,-4),那么关于x的不等式kx+b<0的解集是……………………………( )(A)x<5; (B)x>5; (C)x<-4; (D)x>-4.5.如果以三角形的一个顶点和其三边的中点为顶点的四边形是正方形,那么这个三角形是……………………………………………( )(A)锐角三角形; (B)两直角边不等的直角三角形;(C)钝角三角形; (D)等腰直角三角形.6.下列命题:①三角形一边的两个端点到这条边上高所在直线的距离相等; ②三角形一边的两个端点到这条边上中线所在直线的距离相等;③三角形一边的两个端点到这条边所对的角的角平分线所在直线的距离相等.其中,真命题的个数是………………………………………………………………( )(A)0个; (B)1个; (C)2个; (D)3个.二、填空题:(本大题共12题,每题4分,满分48分)7.如果分式的值为0,那么x的值等于 .8.分解因式:= .9.方程的解是 .10.函数的定义域是 .11.如果反比例函数的图像经过点A(2,y1)与B(3,y2),那么的值等于 .12.在一个袋子中装有除颜色外其他完全相同的2个红球和2个白球,如果从中随机摸出两个球,那么摸到的两个球颜色不同的概率是 .13.在某次公益活动中,小明对本年级同学的捐款情况进行了调查统计,发现捐款数只有10元、20元、50元和100元四种情况,并初步绘制成不完整的条形图(如图).其中捐100元的人数占本年级捐款总人数的25%,那么本次捐款的中位数是 元.14.李明早上骑自行车上学,中途因道路施工推车步行了一段路,到学校共用时15分钟.如果他骑自行车的平均速度是每分钟250米,推车步行的平均速度是每分钟80米,他家离学校的路程是2900米,设他推车步行的时间为x分钟,那么可列出的方程是 .15.如图,已知点O是正六边形ABCDEF的中心,记,,那么= (用向量、表示).16.已知等腰直角三角形的重心到它的直角顶点的距离为4cm,那么这个重心到此三角形另外两个顶点的距离都是 cm.17.如果一条直线把一个平面图形的面积分成相等的两部分,我们把这条直线称作为这个平面图形的一条面积等分线.已知△ABC中,AB=AC=5,BC=6,点D在边BC上,且BD=2,过点D的面积等分线交△ABC的边于点E,那么线段AE的长等于 .18.如图,已知在△ABC中,AC=BC,将△ABC绕点C顺时针旋转到△DEC,其中点A运动到点D,点B运动到点E,记旋转角为,,如果AD//BC,那么与的数量关系为 .三、解答题:(本大题共7题,满分78分)19.(本题满分10分)计算:.20.(本题满分10分)解不等式组:21.(本题满分10分,每小题各5分)已知:如图,在△ABC中,∠ABC=45°,sinA=,AB=14,BD是AC边上的中线.求:(1)△ABC的面积;(2)∠ABD的余切值.22.(本题满分10分,其中第(1)小题4分,第(2)小题6分)某地区为了进一步缓解交通拥堵问题,决定修建一条长为6千米的公路.如果平均每天的修建费y(万元)与修建天数x(天)之间在50≤x≤120时,具有一次函数的关系,如下表所示.x5080100120y40343026(1)求y关于x的函数解析式;(2)如果现计划每天比原计划多修建20米,那么可提前15天完成修建任务,求现计划平均每天的修建费.23.(本题满分12分,每小题各6分)已知:如图,点D、E、F分别在△ABC的边AB、AC、BC上,DF∥AC,BD=2AD,AE=2EC.(1)求证:EF∥AB;(2)联结DE,当∠ADE=∠C时,求证:. 24.(本题满分12分,其中第(1)小题5分,第(2)小题7分)已知在平面直角坐标系xOy中,抛物线经过点A(4,0),顶点为B.(1)求顶点B的坐标;(2)将这条抛物线向左平移后与y轴相交于点C,此时点A移动到点D的位置,且∠DBA=∠CBO,求平移后抛物线的表达式.25.(本题满分14分,其中第(1)小题3分,第(2)小题5分,第(3)小题6分)已知:点A、B都在半径为9的圆O上,P是射线OA上一点,以PB为半径的圆P与圆O相交的另一个交点为C,直线OB与圆P相交的另一个交点为D,.(1)求:公共弦BC的长度;(2)如图,当点D在线段OB的延长线上时,设AP=x,BD=y,求y关于x的函数解析式,并写出它的定义域;(3)如果直线PD与射线CB相交于点E,且△BDE与△BPE相似,求线段AP的长.松江区2012学年度第二学期月考初三数学参考答案及评分说明2013.5一、选择题:1.B; 2.C; 3.A; 4.A; 5.D; 6.B.二、填空题:7.7; 8.; 9.1; 10.x≥0且x≠2; 11.; 12.;13.20; 14.; 15.; 16.; 17.;18..三、解答题:19.解:原式=………………………………………(各2分)=.……………………………………………………………………(2分)20.解:由第一个不等式,得.……………………………………………………(2分)解得.…………………………………………………………………………(1分)由第二个不等式,得.………………………………(1分)整理,得. …………………………………………………………………(1分)解得.…………………………………………………………………………(1分)∴不等式的解集为. ……………………………………………………(4分)21.解:(1)作CH⊥AB,垂足为点H.∵sinA=,∴设CH=3x,那么AH=4x.…………………………………………(1分)∵∠ABC=45°,∴BH=CH=3x.……………………………………………………(1分)∵AB=14,∴4x+3x=14.…………………………………………………………(1分)∴x=2,即CH=6.…………………………………………………………………(1分)∴△ABC的面积等于42.…………………………………………………………(1分)(2)作DM⊥AB,垂足为点M.∵DM∥CH,AD=CD,∴DM=3,AM=4.………………………………………(2分)∴BM=10.…………………………………………………………………………(1分)∴.………………………………………………………………(2分)22.解:(1)设y关于x的函数解析式为y=kx+b.根据题意,得……………………………………………………(1分)解得………………………………………………………………………(2分)∴y关于x的函数解析式为.……………………………………(1分)(2)设现计划修建的时间为m天, ………………………………………………(1分)则原计划修建的时间为(m+15)天.根据题意,得.……………………………………………(2分).解得m=-75或m=60.………………………………………………………………(1分)经检验,m=-75或m=60都是原方程的解,但m=-75不符合题意.…………(1分)∴m=60.∴y=38.答:现计划平均每天的修建费为38万元. ……………………………………(1分)23.证明:(1)∵BD=2AD,AE=2EC,∴.………………………………(1分)又∵DF∥AC,∴.……………………………………………………(2分)∴.……………………………………………………………………(1分)∴EF∥AB.…………………………………………………………………………(2分)(2)∵∠ADE=∠C,∠A=∠A,∴△ADE∽△ACB.……………………………(2分)∴.……………………………………………………………………(1分)又∵BD=2AD, AE=2EC,∴,.………………………(1分)∴.……………………………………………………………………(1分)∴,即.………………………………………………(1分)24.解:(1)根据题意,得0=16a+8.……………………………………………………(1分)∴.…………………………………………………………………………(1分)∴抛物线的表达式为.…………………………………………(1分)∴.………………(1分)顶点B的坐标为(2,2).…………………………………………………………(1分)(2)解法一 设平移后抛物线的表达式为.…………………(1分)由点B的坐标为(2,2)可得AB=OB=,∠BAD=∠BOC=45°.又∠DBA=∠CBO,∴△ABD≌△OBC.…………………………………………(1分)∴AD=OC,即平移的距离为c.…………………………………………………(1分)∴点D的坐标为(4-c,0).∴.………………………………………………(1分)又∵平移后抛物线的对称轴为x=b.∴b=2-c.……………………………………………………………………………(1分)∴.解得c=2或c=0(不符合题意,舍去).………………………………………(1分)∴平移后抛物线的表达式为.……………………………………(1分)解法二 原抛物线表达式为,设平移后抛物线表达式为(m>0,向左平移的距离).即.…………………………………(1分,1分)由B的坐标为(2,2)可得AB=OB=,∠BAD=∠BOC=45°,又∠DBA=∠CBO,∴△ABD≌△OBC.………………………………………………………………(1分)∴AD=OC,即=.………………………………………………(2分)解得m=2或m=0(不符合题意,舍去).……………………………………(1分)∴平移后抛物线的表达式为.……………………………………(1分)25.解:(1)∵圆O与圆P相交于点B、C,∴OP⊥BC,垂足为点H,且BH=CH.∵OB=9,,∴OH=6.……………………………………………(1分)∴.……………………………………………………………………(1分)∴.……………………………………………………………………(1分)(2)作PM⊥BD,垂足为点M.由垂径定理,得BM=DM=.…………………………………………………(1分)∴,即.……………………………………(1分)∴y关于x的函数解析式为.…………………………………………(2分)定义域为.…………………………………………………………………(1分)(3)(i)当点P在OA的延长线上时,∵△BDE与△BPE相似,∴∠DBE=∠BPE.……………………………………(1分)∵∠DBE=∠OBH,∠OPM=∠OBH,∴∠BPE=∠OPM.而∠BPM=∠DPM,∴∠OPB=∠BPM=∠DPM.∴BM=BH,即BD=BC.…………………………………………………………(1分)∴.解得,即.…………………………………………(1分)(ii)当点P在线段OA上时,作PN⊥BD,垂足为点N.∵△BDE与△BPE相似,∴∠BDE=∠PBE.……………………………………(1分)∵PD=PB,∴∠BDP=∠DBP.∴∠PBE=∠DBP.∴PH=PN.∴BD=BC. …………………………………………………………………………(1分)∵BN=DN,∴.∴.整理,得.∴.解得.……………………………………………………………(1分)综上所述,线段AP的长为或.松江区2012学年度第二学期月考试卷初三理化(满分150分,完卷时间100分钟) 2013.5物 理 部 分考生注意:1.本试卷物理部分含五个大题。2.答题时,考生务必按答题要求在答题纸规定的位置上作答,在草稿纸、本试卷上答题一律无效。一.选择题(16分)下列各题均只有一个正确选项,请将正确选项的代号用2B铅笔填涂在答题纸的相应位置上,更改答案时,用橡皮擦去,重新填涂。1.图1所示的家用电器中,正常工作时的电功率最接近25W的是2.声纹锁是一种安全性能高的新型锁,只要主人说出事先设定的暗语就能把锁打开,别人即使说出同样的暗语也打不开。这种声纹锁辨别声音主要是依据声音的A.响度 B.音调 C.音色 D.声速3.图2所示的四种现象中,属于光的色散现象的是4.离凸透镜30厘米的光屏上得到一个清晰的烛焰像,则该凸透镜的焦距可能为 A.20厘米 B.30厘米C.40厘米 D.50厘米5.如图3某种电脑键盘清洁器有两个开关,开关S1只控制照明用的小灯泡L,开关S2只控制吸尘用的电动机M。在图3所示的四个电路图中,符合上述要求的是6.图4所示是甲、乙两车同时同地同方向做匀速直线运动的s-t图像,由图可知 A.经过2秒,两车相距10米 B.经过4秒,两车相距10米C.通过30米路程,甲比乙用时少2秒 D.通过40米路程,甲比乙用时少2秒7.在图5所示的电路中,电源电压保持不变。闭合电键S,电路正常工作。过了一会儿,灯L熄灭,已知电路中只有一处故障,且只发生在灯L或电阻R上。合理的判断是 A.若电压表无示数,一定是电阻R断路 B.若电压表无示数,一定是灯L短路C.若电压表有示数,可能是电阻R短路 D.若电压表有示数,一定是灯L断路8.两个相同的金属球分别浸没在不同液体A、B中,盛液体的柱形容器相同,将小球从液体中取出后,容器中剩余液体对底部的压强大小相等,如图6所示。可以确定小球取出前两容器内液体对容器底部的压力FA、FB和压强pA、pB的关系是 A.FA=FB,pA>pB C.FA<FB,pA<pBB.FA<FB,pA=pB D.FA>FB,pA>pB二.填空题(26分)请将结果填入答题纸的相应位置。9.家用电饭煲和电视机正常工作时的电压都为 (1) 伏,两者之间是 (2) (选填“并联”或“串联”)连接的,当电饭煲不工作时,电视机 (3) (选填“能”或“不能”)继续工作。10.图7(a)、(b)中的情景表示了力的作用效果,其中图4 (4) 主要表示力能使物体的运动状态发生改变;图4 (5) 主要表示力能使物体发生形变[均选填“(a)”或“(b)”]。足球在空中下落过程中相对地面是 (6) (选填“运动”或“静止”)的。11.图8是在冬季奥运会上的冰壶比赛项目。运动员在投掷冰壶后,冰壶与冰面之间的摩擦为 (7) 摩擦。若把冰面看成光滑水平面,则当冰壶在冰面上做匀速直线运动时,它所受的合力为 (8) 牛;冰壶继续向前运动是由于它具有 (9) 。12.松江区首条纯电动公交线路“松江24路”日前开通,首批10辆纯电动巴士亮相茸城街头,这意味着我区公交客运在电力部门协助下,步入了绿色环保的新能源时代。该车匀速通过松江城内某一平直路段800米的路程用了200秒,该车的行驶速度是 (10) 米/秒。行驶过程将 (11) 能转化为 (12) 能。13.如图9所示,物体所受重力是80牛,不计摩擦及滑轮的重,当用力匀速提升物体时,力F为 (13) 牛,它相当于一个 (14) (选填“省力”、“费力”或“等臂”)杠杆。若物体在10秒内被提高2米,则拉力F的功率为 (15) 瓦。14.在10秒内通过某导体横截面的电荷量为3库,电流做的功为18焦,则通过该导体的电流为 (16) 安,该导体两端的电压为 (17) 伏。当该导体两端的电压为12伏时,它的电阻为 (18) 欧。15.在如图10所示的电路中,电源电压保持不变。闭合电键S,当滑动变阻器的滑片P向右移动时,电流表A的示数将 (19) ,电压表V的示数跟电流表A与A1示数差值的比值将 (20) 。(均选填“变小”、“不变”或“变大”)16.小丽同学研究动滑轮的使用特点,所用的钩码每个重0.5牛。她利用动滑轮将钩码缓慢提升,实验过程如图11所示。请仔细观察图11中的实验操作过程和实验现象,归纳得出初步结论。(1)分析比较图8(a)、(b)、(c)可知: (21) ;(2)分析比较图8(a)、(d)、(e)可知: (22) 。三.作图题(共6分)请将图直接画在答题纸的相应位置,作图题必须使用2B铅笔。17.根据平面镜成像特点,在图12中画出物体AB在平面镜MN中所成的像A(B(。18.在图13中,根据磁感线的方向,标出通电螺线管和小磁针的N、S极及电源的正、负极。四.计算题(共24分)请将计算过程和答案写入答题纸的相应位置。19.质量为2千克的热水自然冷却,水温下降了50℃,求:水放出的热量Q放。[c水=4.2×103焦/(千克·℃)]20.如图14所示,OB为轻质杠杆,OA=60厘米,AB=20厘米。在杠杆的B端挂一个重为120牛的物体,求:要使杠杆在水平位置平衡,则在A点至少要加的力的大小。 21.在图15所示的电路中,电阻R1=30欧,滑动变阻器R2标有“100Ω 2A”字样,电流表的量程为0~0.6安,电压表的量程为0~15伏。闭合电键S后,移动滑动变阻器的滑片处于某一位置时,电压表的示数为9伏,电流表的示数为0.5安。求:(1)此时滑动变阻器R2接入电路的阻值; (2)电源电压; (3)为了保证两个电表都能正常工作,滑动变阻器R2接入电路的阻值范围。22.如图16所示,圆柱形容器甲和乙放在水平桌面上,它们的底面积分别为0.02米2和0.01米2。容器甲中盛有0.2米高的水,容器乙中盛有0.3米高的酒精。(1)容器甲底部受到液体的压强;(2)容器乙中液体的质量和液体对容器底的压力;(3)若从两容器中分别抽出质量均为的水和酒精后,剩余水对容器甲底部的压强为p水,剩余酒精对容器乙底部的压强为p酒精。当质量为的范围为多少时,才能满足p水>p酒精。(酒精的密度为0.8×103千克/米3)五、实验题(共18分)请根据要求在答题纸的相应位置作答。23.在图17(a)中温度计的最小分度值为 (1) ℃,示数为 (2) ℃。在图17(b)所示的“验证凸透镜成像的规律”实验中,需保持烛焰、光屏的中心和凸透镜的中心在 (3) ,若此时光屏上成一清晰的烛焰像,则该像一定是 (4) 的(选填“放大”、“缩小”或“等大”)。24.在“探究杠杆平衡的条件”实验中,小明设计的实验报告(部分)如下,请填写空格处的内容。25.小华同学在做“测定小灯泡的电功率”实验中,电源电压为6伏且保持不变,待测小灯泡标有“3.8伏”字样。所用器材齐全完好,有2个不同规格的滑动变阻器A和B,变阻器A标有“20欧 2安”的字样,变阻器B标有“5欧 3安”的字样。(1)小华正确连接电路,且实验步骤正确。闭合电键后,观察到小灯泡发光很亮,电流表的示数为0.26安。此时,小华是将滑动变阻器 (9) 连入电路中(选填“A”或“B”)。(2)小华重新选择器材进行实验,并通过调整电路连接能通过观察图18中电压表的示数准确判断出小灯泡是否正常发光。当他移动变阻器的滑片到中点位置(即变阻器接入电路的电阻为最大值的一半)时,发现小灯泡恰好正常发光,则该电压表的示数为 (10) 伏,此时电流表的示数为 (11) 安,小灯泡的额定功率为(12)瓦。26.某兴趣小组在“研究物体吸收热量的多少与哪些因素有关”的实验中,提出了以下几种猜想:A.与物体升高的温度有关B.与物体的质量有关C.与物质的种类有关为了验证以上猜想,小组同学用如图19所示装置做了如下实验,将50克的水装入烧杯中,用酒精灯加热,并利用温度计和计时器测量水的温度随时间的变化情况,数据记录在表一中,然后在烧杯中再加入50克的水,重复上述实验,实验数据记录在表二中。(设水每分钟吸收的热量相等)表一50克水时间(分钟)0123456温度(℃)20242832364044升高温度(℃)04812162024表二100克水时间(分钟)0123456温度(℃)20222426283032升高温度(℃)024681012表三 (17) 时间(分钟)///////温度(℃)///////升高温度(℃)///////(1)分析比较表一(或表二)中的第一行与第三行的数据及相关条件,可得出的初步结论是: (13) ,吸收的热量与升高的温度成正比。(2)分析比较表一和表二中第四列、第五列、第六列等有关数据及相关条件,经过推理,可以得出的初步结论是:同种物质(水)吸收相等的热量, (14) 。(3)进一步综合分析表一和表二中有关数据及相关条件,归纳得出的结论为: (15) 。(4)为了验证猜想 (16) (选填字母),请你把实验方案的设计填在表三 (17) 中。(5)在整个实验中所用的主要研究方法与下列实验所用方法相同的是 (18) 。A.测定物质的密度 B.研究液体内部的压强与哪些因素有关C.用电流表、电压表测电阻 D.研究平面镜成像特点松江区2012学年度第二学期月考初三物理参考答案及评分标准2013.5题号答案及评分标准一、选择题(16分)1.A 2.C 3.C 4.A 5. D 6.A 7.D 8.D二、填空题(26分)9.(1)220; (2)并联; (3)能。 3分10.(4)(b); (5)(a); (6)运动。 3分11.(7)滑动; (8)0; (9)惯性。 3分12.(10)4; (11)电; (12)机械。 3分13.(13)80; (14)等臂; (15)16。 3分14.(16)0.3; (17)6; (18)20。 3分15.(19)变小; (20)变大。 4分16.(21)使用动滑轮竖直缓慢提升不同物体时可以省力,且物体重力越大,所用拉力越大; 2分(22)使用动滑轮提升同一物体时,拉力与竖直方向(或两边绳子)夹角越大,所用拉力越大。 2分三、作图题(6分)17.完全正确得3分,正立、等大、对称、虚像、字母A(B(错一扣1分,扣完为止。18.通电螺线管的N、S极1 分,小磁针的 N、S 极 1 分,电源正负极 1 分。四、计算题(共24分)19.(4分)Q放=c水mΔt 2 分=4.2×103焦/ (千克·℃) ×2千克×50℃ 1 分=4.2×105焦 1 分20.(4分)F2=G=120牛 1分l1=OA=60厘米,l2=OA+AB=60厘米+20厘米=80厘米F1l1=F2l2 1分F1×60厘米=120牛×80厘米 1分F1=160牛 1分21.(7分)(1)R2=U2/I2=9伏/0.5安=18欧 2分(2)U1=I1R1=0.5安×30欧=15伏 2分U=U1+U2=15伏+9伏=24伏 1分(3)当U2=15伏时,U1=U-U2=24伏-15伏=9伏I=U1/R1=9伏/30欧=0.3安R2=U2/ I=15伏/0.3安=50欧 1分当I=0.6安时,U1=IR1=0.6安×30欧=18伏U2=U-U1=24伏-18伏=6伏R2=U2/ I=6伏/0.6安=10欧∴滑动变阻器的阻值范围为10欧~50欧。 1分22.(9分)(1)p水=ρ水gh 1分=1.0×103千克/米3×9.8牛/千克×0.2米=1960帕 1分(2)m酒精=ρ酒精V酒精 1分=0.8×103千克/米3×0.3米×0.01米2=2.4千克 1分F酒精=G酒精=m酒精g=2.4千克×9.8牛/千克=23.52牛 2分(3)m水=ρ水V水=1.0×103千克/米3×0.2米×0.02米2=4千克 1分p水=F水/S水=(G水-G抽)/S水=(m水-m)g/S水=(4千克-m) g/0.02米2p酒精=F酒精/S酒精=(G酒精-G抽)/S酒精=(m酒精-m)g/S酒精=(2.4千克-m) g/0.01米2p水>p酒精(4千克-m) g/0.02米2> (2.4千克-m) g/0.01米2 1分∴2.4千克>m>0.8千克 1分说明:在计算中,有关单位错写、漏写,总扣1分。五、实验题(共18分)23.(1)1; (2)5; (3)同一高度; (4)缩小。 24.(5)平衡螺母; (6)水平; (7)个数或悬挂位置; (8)向上;25.(9)B; (10)2.2; (11)0.22; (12)0.836。26.(13)质量相等的同种物质(水); (14)质量越小,升高的温度越多;(15)同种物质(水),吸收的热量与物体质量和升高温度的乘积的比值是一个确定的值;(16)C;(17)50 克煤油(或 100 克煤油;或 50 克或 100 克的其它液体);(18)B。松江区2012学年度第二学期月考试卷初三英语(满分150分,完卷时间100分钟) 2013.5Part 1 Listening (第一部分 听力)I. Listening Comprehension (听力理解): (共30分) A. Listen and choose the right picture (根据你听到的内容,选出相应的图片): (共6分)B. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear (根据你听到的对话和问题,选出最恰当的答案): (共10分)7. A) By bus. B) By car. C) By bike. D) On foot.8. A) 500 yuan. B) 300 yuan. C) 250 yuan. D) 150 yuan.9. A) Rainy. B) Sunny. C) Windy. D) Cloudy.10. A) Japanese. B) French. C) English. D) German.11. A) He was late for school. B) He didn’t want to go to school. C) He stayed in the school all day. D) He was ill and stayed in bed.12. A) Boss and secretary. B) Teacher and student. C) Father and son. D) Wife and husband.13. A) To visit her aunt. B) To study there. C) To take care of her aunt. D) To have a long holiday.14. A) Go shopping. B) Take a walk. C) Stay at home. D) See a film.15. A) They are going to have lunch. B) They are looking for a notebook. C) They are playing computer games. D) They are watching TV.16. A) He bought a present for his mother. B) He lost his birthday present. C) His birthday party is coming. D) He bought an MP5.C. Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false (判断下列句子是否符合你听到的短文内容,符合的用“T”表示,不符合的用“F”表示): (共7分)17. In Munich(慕尼黑), parents don’t want to buy vegetables themselves.18. In Munich, there are some gardens called moral(道德的) vegetable gardens. 19. Such vegetable gardens were built everywhere in the city of Munich. 20. The vegetables in these gardens are grown by children and their parents.21. Although there are no salespersons in the gardens, children give their money for the vegetables. 22. It is said that so far vegetables in these gardens haven’t been lost.23. One aim of building the moral vegetable gardens is to teach children to be honest.D. Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences (听短文,完成下列内容。每空格限填一词) : (共7分)24. April Fool’s Day has been celebrated in many countries _________ the world.25. No one is ________ how April Fools’ Day started though it has been for about 500 years.26. In 1582, France moved the beginning of the year from the end of ________ to January 1.27. ________ jokes would be played on someone if he forgot to keep up with the change of thebeginning of the year.28. Years went by and April 1 became the date of the ________ holiday.29. Now people play jokes on each other on April Fool’s Day for no ________.30. In ________, a TV station reported that the Leaning Tower of Pisa had fallen down, but it’s still standing.Part 2 Vocabulary and Grammar (第二部分 词汇和语法)II. Choose the best answer (选择最恰当的答案): (共20分)31. ________ young man next door likes working as a physics teacher.A) A B) An C) The D) /32. My father is usually ________ work in his study at weekends. A) on B) by C) with D) at33. The girl couldn’t believe her eyes when she saw ________ in the mirror. A) herself B) her C) she D) hers34. I can still understand the article though there are ________ new words in it. A) few B) a little C) a few D) little35. There are some cameras on that desk. Four were made in Japan and ________ six weremade in China.A) another B) the others C) other D) the other36. Be more careful next time, _______ you’ll make the same mistake again. A) and B) or C) so D) but37. He has never visited the Great Wall in Beijing, ________?A) hasn’t he B) has he C) does he D) doesn’t he38. ________ bad the weather is! We still can’t go out for our picnic today. A) What B) How C) What a D) How a39. — Do you remember _______ my brother came here yesterday?— Yes, I do. He came by car. A) how B) when C) that D) if40. Do you believe some special dogs can do things ________ man? A) as well as B) as good as C) as well as D) as careful as41. ________ you work hard, you won’t finish the project in time. A) Though B) Unless C) Because D) If42. — Can I tell Mary about the good news?— No, I don’t want anyone else to know it. You ________ keep it to yourself. A) must B) need C) can D) may43. Pass my glasses to me, Jack. I can ________ read the words in the newspapers. A) hardly B) really C) rather D) clearly 44. It’s a pity that I didn’t think of ringing you ________. A) the earliest B) early C) earliest D) earlier 45. Millions of visitors throughout the world ________ Shanghai during 2010 World Expo.A) have visited B) will visit C) visited D) would visit46. One of my friends is coming to visit us. I’m looking forward to________ him. A) meets B) met C) meet D) meeting47. — Whom are you waiting for, Jack? — Gary’s parents. But neither of them _______. A) arrived B) are arriving C) has arrived D) will arrive48. More underground railways ________ in Shanghai in 10 years. A) are building B) have been built C) will be built D) built49. — ________ — I’d like to buy some oranges.A) Do you like the fruit? B) How do you like the oranges?C) What can I do for you? D) Which one do you like best?50. — Would you like some more? — ________ I’m full. A) Yes, please. B) I’d love to. C) No, I wouldn’t. D) No, thanks.III. Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each word can only be used once (将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词,每词只能填一次): (共8分)A) walls B) because C) stronger D) working E) calmF) more G) dead H) close to I) muchA 9.0-magnitude earthquake hit the east coast of Japan on March 11th. The quake was the fifth largest in the world since 1900 and nearly 8,000 times 51 than the one which hit Christchurch (克赖斯特彻奇,新西兰东部城市), New Zealand, last month. The epicenter(震中) of the earthquake was in the Pacific Ocean, 130 kilometers east of Sendai (仙台,日本东北地区中心城市). The quake was so powerful and 52 the coast that it caused strong tsunamis in northern Japan. Cars, ships and buildings were swept away by 53 of water. About 2,414 people have been reported 54 and about 20,000 missing. The Japanese government said that the final number of deaths will be 55 higher. Though most parts of the country have not been damaged by the quake, people in many cities are suffering from power cuts 56 four nuclear power plants (核电站) near the earthquake area have been shut down. In the centre of Tokyo, a number of office workers are spending the night in their offices because the lifts have stopped 57 . Millions of people have to stay in the Japanese capital because train services were stopped. Although there is terrible quake damage and a possible massive nuclear leak (核泄漏), most of the Japanese people in the quake-hit areas remain 58 and cool --- they queue up(排队) for food and water in order and expect their lives to get back on track soon.IV. Complete the sentences with the given words in their suitable forms (用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子。每空格限填一词) : (共8分)59. We often read some interesting ________ in some magazines after school. (story)60. It’s Children’s Day. The boys and girls are enjoying ________ in the park. (they)61. My brother is preparing for our mother’s ________ birthday party these days. (fifty)62. I don’t think Jane’s spoken English is _________ than her sister’s. (bad)63. Everyone was excited as the operation turned out to be ________. (success)64. Enough sleep and some exercise are essential for our brain to work ________. (proper)65. It’s ________ to see such a heavy snow in our city of this season. (usual)66. The family has ________ that they will go traveling during the summer holiday.(decision)V. Rewrite the following sentences as required (根据所给要求,改写下列句子。每空格限填一词): (共14分)67. He bought some sea food in the supermarket three days ago. (改为一般疑问句) ______ he ______ any sea food in the supermarket three days ago?68. He’s already seen the new film called Mei Lanfang. (改为否定句) He ______ seen the new film called Mei Lanfang ______.69. The eighty-year-old lady looks happy and healthy. (对划线部分提问) _______ _______ the eighty-year-old lady look?70. Take the underground, or you will be late for the lecture. (保持句意基本不变)You _______ be late for the lecture _______ you take the underground.71. The government has made laws to stop people from drink-driving. (改为被动语态)Laws _______ _______ made to stop people from drink-driving by the government.72. Jim worked very hard. He managed to find a solution to the math problem. (合并成一句) Jim worked ______ hard ______ he managed to find a solution to the math problem.73. “Can you help me with my English?” Mary asked me. (改为宾语从句) Mary asked me if _______ _______ help him with his English.Part 3 Reading and Writing (第三部分 读写)VI. Reading comprehension (阅读理解): (共50分)A. Choose the best answer(根据短文内容,选择最恰当的答案): ( 12分)In the United States, crime worries a lot of people. Every year, the number of crimes goes up. And many criminals are young. Most of them --- 85 percent are boys. They often come from sad homes, with only one parent or no parents at all. There are problems with alcohol(烈酒) and drugs(毒品). There are many young criminals in prison. But prison doesn’t change them --- 60 to 70 percent will go back to crime when they come out of prison.One man, Bob Burton, thought of a new idea that travel could help to solve one of the country’s worst problems--- crime. In the old days, young men had to live a difficult life on the road. They learned to be strong and brave, and to help their friends in time of danger. This helped them to grow into men. So Bob Burton started “Vision Quest”(寻梦).The young people on “Vision Quest” all have bad problems. Most of them have already spent time in prison. This is their last chance. Mr Burton takes young criminals on a long journey with horses and wagons(马车) 3,000 miles through seven states. They are on the road for more than a year. It’s hard work on the road. The day starts before the sun comes up. The boys and girls learn to care for themselves. They also have to feed their horses. Some of them have never loved anyone before. But they can love their horses. That love can help them to a new life.Not all young people on “Vision Quest” will leave crime behind them. 30 or 40 percent will one day be in prison again. But that’s a lot better than 60 or 70 percent. Bob Burton is right. Travel can be good for one. Even today, Americans still say, “Go west, young men.”74. In the United State, ________ of the young criminals are boys. A) 60-70 percent B) 85 percent C) 30 percent D) 40 percent75. According to the passage, travel is good for one because it can ________.A) reduce the number of criminals? B) help to meet othersC) help one know nature better? D) solve the problem of crime completely76. Which of the following is probably NOT the cause of the crimes? A) Most of them are young.? B) They often don’t have a good family.C) They like travelling far away from their homes. D) They may often drink too much alcohol and take drugs.77. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A) Young criminals are changed better by Bob’s new ideas. B) All criminals do better after they come out of prison.C) The young criminals on Vision Quest all live a happy life.D) As times goes on, the criminals become more and more.78. The young people on Vision Quest mainly learn how to ________.A) love their horses? B) work all day and all nightC) live a happy life on a journey? D) look after themselves and help others79. Which one is NOT true according to the passage about the meaning of “Go west, young men.”?A) Travel can help people to grow into men.B) People can visit many beautiful places on the way.C) People can learn to help others in time of danger during the trip.D) People can learn to be strong and brave on a long trip. B. Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage (选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文): (12分)If you get pocket money by babysitting or doing yard work for a neighbor, then you probably know a thing or two about managing money. After all, when you’ve worked that hard, you don’t want to spend it all on candy. Using your money in the right way or 80 some for the future is important. Once you grow up, your success might 81 how well you manage your money.It’s easier to start these good 82 when you’re young. Meghan Coyle is a 12-year-old business girl. She has made more than $320 in two years by walking dogs after school.“I’ve been a dog-walker for two years and it’s been a lot of 83 , I really enjoyed it. My mom never gave me pocket money, so I had to make money in some other way. Lots of kids don’t realize how hard it can be to have a job. It can be hard to keep customers happy. There are some days when it’s raining and I would rather be somewhere else, but I still go out with a dog,” Coyle said. “Start a business that interests you. First, you have to advertise. The 84 and safest way is to talk with neighbors and family friends. After you have the customers, keep your customers happy! Send cards that you make by yourself to them on holidays. That always surprises them. Always be willing to do more than they ask. On holidays, give your customers coupons (优惠券) 85 they will keep coming back to you for your service or products.”Is it a good idea to do some work to make pocket money? Now think about it and start your own business!80. A) saving B) wasting C) borrowing D) spending81. A) take up B) depend on C) turn into D) lead to82. A) activities B) hobbies C) exercises D) habits83. A) pain B) fun C) surprise D) trouble84. A) luckiest B) loudest C) easiest D) latest85. A) as soon as B) now that C) so that D) unlessC. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词,使其内容通顺,每空格限填一词,首字母已给): (14分)Your Junior 3 year will finish soon. Do you want to say something about your junior school life? What were the rewards (收获) of the four y 86 ? Teens readers have their stories to share. Lin Yijian, 14, Xiamen, FujianI got through a hard time in Junior 2 when my grades s 87 dropped a lot. I faced great pressure. In the following summer vacation, I worked really hard by studying from 7:30 am to 9:30 pm every day. It was crazy, but when I got back to the front seat of the class, I felt everything had been worthwhile (值得的).Zhang Wanying, 15, Dalian, Liaoning In 2009 I had a trip to the US with some students and teachers. When we a 88 there, the other students and I didn’t want to eat the local food. The teachers were w 89 and tried to make us eat. When we finally finished the meal, the guide scolded (责备) us, saying that the world now sees how spoiled (被宠坏的) Chinese kids are. I felt really sorry.Luo Shu’er, 14, Hangzhou, Zhejiang I lived in a dorm (寝室) during junior school. It was a great challenge since I had never left my parents before that. I had to take care of e 90 myself. I learned to tidy my bed and get along with roommates. I also learned to make a timetable to arrange my time. I’ve done a good job and I feel p 91 . Yin Donghui, 13, Beijing I won first place in the rope skipping (跳绳) competition at our school’s sports meeting my first year in junior school. The sports meeting is a big thing at our school. To prepare for it I practiced h 92 and skipped rope 500 times every day. Finally I skipped over 210 times in one minute. You don’t know how excited I was then!D. Answer the questions (根据短文内容回答下列问题): (12分)In 1955, Ray Kroc visited a small restaurant in California(加利弗尼亚). The restaurant was built next to the road, so customers could drive up to the restaurant and drive away easily. The restaurant was owned and operated by the MacDonald brothers, Dick and ‘Mac’.The McDonald brothers had developed a new idea for their restaurant. The brothers called their idea a “drive-in” restaurant, and customers could order food from their cars. The restaurant also cut down on the number of choices on the menu, so the cooks could make the food very quickly. The restaurant was good at making hamburgers, French fries, and chocolate shakes. Ray Kroc recognized the potential(潜力) of the McDonald brothers’ restaurant, and he offered to buy the rights to the two brothers’ idea. Mr. Kroc wanted to open his own restaurants, and he wanted to use the idea of a drive-in restaurant. He also wanted to use the brothers’ family name. The two brothers agreed, and the McDonald’s restaurant chain was born. McDonald’s is now the world’s largest restaurant corporation(公司). In the United States, there are more than 5,000 McDonald’s restaurants. The McDonald’s chain also operates restaurants in 60 other countries. In 1992, McDonald made more than $16 billion from its restaurants around the world. The largest McDonald’s restaurant is located in Beijing, China. It has 1,000 employees(雇员). Also, up to 700 customers can sit and eat in this restaurant at one time. 93. Why was it convenient for customers to buy food from that small restaurant in California?94. What did the McDonald brothers call their new idea for their restaurant?95. Why did the restaurant cut down on the number of choices on their menu?96. Did the brothers develop the restaurant by themselves?97. Where is the largest McDonald’s chain restaurant?98. Who do you think was the real owner of the McDonald’s restaurant finally?VII. Writing (作文): (共20分) 99. Write at least 60 words about the topic “How can we become good learners?”(以“怎样成为一个好的学习者?”为题写一篇不少于60个词的短文,标点符号不占格。)(注意:文中不得出现任何姓名、校名及其它相关信息,否则不予评分。) 松江区2012学年度第二学期月考初三英语参考答案(满分150分,完卷时间100分钟) 2013.5Part 1 ListeningI. Listening Comprehension (听力理解): (共30分)A. Listen and choose the right picture (根据你听到的内容,选出相应的图片): (共6分)1. The children are swimming happily in the swimming pool. (D)2. My mother enjoys listening to pop songs when she has time. (F)3. Eating enough vegetables every day is good for our health. (B)4. Smoking is harmful and not allowed in public places. (A)5. I am very sorry to hear Mary was terribly hurt in a car accident this morning. (G)6. Many foreigners are interested in Chinese culture and visit China every year. (C)B. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear (根据你听到的对话和问题,选出最恰当的答案): (共10分)7. M: How did you get to the park yesterday, Mary? W: I walked to the park. But I usually take a bus there.Q: How did Mary get to the park yesterday? (D)8. M: How much is your new bicycle?W: It’s 500 yuan. How about yours?M: I bought it three years ago. It was only half of your price.Q: How much did the man pay for his bike? (C) 9. M: Hi, Jane! A nice day, isn’t it?W: Yes, but tomorrow it won’t be such a good day. It will rain heavily.Q: What will the weather be like tomorrow? (A)10. M: Do you speak French, Alice? W: No. But I can speak a little Japanese. M: I need to talk to a visitor from France. You know, I can only speak English and German. Q: Which language does the visitor probably speak? (B)11. M: Do you know why Peter didn’t come to school yesterday?W: It is said that he got a bad cold and stayed in bed all day.Q: What was the matter with Peter yesterday? (D)12. W: Jack, have you handed in your test paper today? M: Sorry, I left it at home. I have to give it to you tomorrow.Q: What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers? (B)13. M: Hi, Linda. I haven’t seen you for a long time. Where have you been?W: I’ve been to New York and stayed there for nearly a year.M: Really? Why did you stay there for so long?W: My aunt was ill. She needed help.Q: Why did Linda go to New York? (C)14. M: Where were you last night? I called you many times, but nobody answered.W: I planned to go shopping with my friend, but we went to cinema instead.Q: What did the girl do last night?(D)15. M: Jim, it’s time for lunch. Come on.W: I can’t find my notebook. Have you seen it anywhere? M: Sorry, I haven’t. Why not ask your mother?Q: What can you learn from the dialogue? (A)16. W: Hi, Jack. You look sad. What’s wrong? M: I lost my MP5 player this morning. It was a birthday present from my mother. Q: What does the boy mean? (B)C. Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false (判断下列句子是否符合你听到的短文内容,符合的用“T”表示,不符合的用“F”表示): (共7分)In Munich, parents like their children to buy fresh vegetables in the gardens for the family, but these gardens are not the common ones. They are called the moral vegetable gardens. Children go there to buy what they want. Each time they only need some one-Euro coins because the vegetables there are cheap.These gardens were built between buildings or on the top of the buildings. In the gardens, some fresh vegetables are grown by adults but some vegetables are just bought from the market. There are no people selling vegetables. There is only a board with price beside each kind of vegetable, so children can get the vegetables they want by themselves and put the money in the box there. It’s just like the fare box on the bus where people put money when getting on the bus. It’s said that the vegetables there haven’t been lost so far.By buying vegetables in this kind of gardens, children cannot only learn more about how vegetables are grown and be more interested in nature. On the other hand, this can teach children to be honest from the young age.17. F 18. T 19. F 20. F 21. T 22. T 23. TD. Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences (听短文,完成下列内容。每空格限填一词): (共7分)April Fools’ Day is now celebrated in many countries around the world. Though it has been around for about 500 years, no one is sure how this day started. Most people believe that April Fools’ Day was first celebrated in France.???France was the first country to use the new calendar in western world. In 1582, the country moved the beginning of the year from the end of March to January 1. If someone forgot to keep up with the change and still celebrated the New Year between March 25 and April 1, different jokes would be played on him. Years went by and April 1 became the date of the modern holiday.???Now, people play jokes on each other on the holiday for no reasons. For example, they tell a friend that his shoes are not tied and laugh when he looks down. School boys would wear special costumes to surprise friends. Sometimes, newspapers and TV stations also play jokes. In 1950, a TV station reported that the Leaning Tower of Pisa (比萨斜塔) had fallen down. As you know, it’s still standing.24. around 25. sure 26. March 27. Different 28. modern 29. reasons 30. 1950Part 2 Vocabulary and GrammarII. 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. D 36. B 37. B 38. B 39. A 40. C 41 B 42. A 43. A 44. D 45. C 46. D 47. C 48. C 49. C 50. DIII. 51. C 52. H 53. A 54. G 55. I 56. B 57. D 58. EIV. 59. stories 60. themselves 61. fiftieth 62. worse 63. successful 64. properly 65. unusually 66. decidedV. 67. Did, buy 68. hasn’t, yet 69. How, does 70. will, unless/ won’t, if 71. have, been 72. so, that 73. I, couldPart 3 Reading and WritingVI. (A) 74. B 75. A 76. C 77. A 78. D 79. B(B) 80. A 81. B 82. D 83. B 84.C 85. C(C) 86.years 87. suddenly 88. arrived 89. worried 90. everything 91. proud 92. hard(D) 93. Because it was built next to the road.94. They called their idea a “drive-in” restaurant 95. Because the cooks could make the food very quickly.96. No, they didn’t.97. It is in Beijing.98. Ray Kroc was.IX. Writing (作文): (共20分)写话评分标准:作文共20分,其中内容为8分,语言为8分,组织结构分为4分。(一) 内容:8分 内容切题,意思连贯,表达清楚、完整。6-7分 内容基本切题,意思大致连贯,表达基本清楚,但不够完整。4-5分 内容不够切题,意思不够连贯,表达不够清楚,离题目要求较远。3分 内容基本不切题,表达不清, 但属于考场作文。1-2分 文不对题,表达不清,字数严重缺少。和本题目无关,但不抄本试卷上的阅读文章。(二) 语言:① 拼写:每错扣0.5分,同一错误不重复计数。② 语法:同①③ 标点符号、大小写:每两处错误扣0.5分,但标点符号和大小写的扣分总和均不得超过一分。④ 语言分最多扣8分。(三) 词数:① 词数不足30词者,得分最多不得超过8分;② 词数不足40词者,得分最多不得超过12分;③ 词数不足50词者,得分最多不得超过15分;④ 词数在50-59词之间者,每少5个词扣0.5分;⑤ 只写出个别单词、词不成句不给分。(四) 组织结构:① 内容充实,不写废话;上下文连贯、用语规范、表达正确、无或少见语法错误;词汇和句型句式运用恰当,多见好句型和习惯表达用语者,可给4分。② 一般情况下,内容和语言积累得分在14-15分以上者(含),方可得到2-3分组织结构分。③ 内容和语言在15分以下者,如文中有值得肯定的好的句型和表达,可酌情考虑给1分组织结构分。④ 通篇句型、句式单一。词汇贫乏者,即使无语法错误,一般不给组织结构分。松江区2012学年度第二学期月考试卷初三语文(满分150分,完卷时间100分钟) 2013. 5考生注意:本试卷共27题。请将所有答案做在答题纸的指定位置上,做在试卷上不计分。一、文言文(42分)(一)默写(18分)1.回看射雕处, 。 (《观猎》)2.竹径通幽处, 。 (《题破山寺后禅院》)3. ,西北望,射天狼。 (《江城子·密州出猎》)4.衣带渐宽终不悔, 。 (《蝶恋花》)5.呼嘘毒疠, 。 (《捕蛇者说》)6. ,往来翕忽。 (《小石潭记》)(二)阅读下列宋词,完成第7—8题(4分)破阵子·为陈同甫赋壮词以寄 (宋·辛弃疾)醉里挑灯看剑,梦回吹角连营。八百里分麾下炙,五十弦翻塞外声,沙场秋点兵。马作的卢飞快,弓如霹雳弦惊。了却君王天下事,赢得生前身后名,可怜白发生。7.“塞外声”在词中指 。(2分)8.下列对这首词理解不正确的一项是:( ) (2分)A.“八百里”两句,写豪迈热烈的军营生活。B.“马作”两句,写军中日常训练的场景。C.“了却”两句,写建功立业的宏伟抱负。D. 整首词抒发了作者壮志难酬的悲愤之情。(三)阅读下文,完成第9—11题(8分)泰山正南面有三谷。中谷绕泰安城下,郦道元所谓环水也。余始循以入,道少半,越中岭,复循西谷,遂至其巅。古时登山,循东谷入,道有天门。东谷者,古谓之天门溪水,余所不至也。今所经中岭及山巅,崖限当道者,世皆谓之天门云。道中迷雾冰滑,磴几不可登。及既上,苍山负雪,明烛天南;望晚日照城郭,汶水、徂徕如画,而半山居雾若带然。9.上文选自《 》,作者是清朝 派古文家姚鼐 。(2分)10.用现代汉语翻译下面的句子。(3分)及既上,苍山负雪,明烛天南。 11.下列对文章理解错误的一项是 。(3分)A.节选语段写了作者登山的过程以及在山顶上所见的景色。B.作者选择避开东谷登山,是因为中谷和西谷路上没有天门。C.末句采用比喻的修辞,生动形象地表现了当时景色的美丽。D.作者描绘山顶的壮丽景色,旨在表达对祖国山河的热爱。(四)阅读下文,完成第12—15题(12分)蔡伦,字敬仲,桂阳人也。永兴九年,监作秘剑①及诸器械,莫不精工坚密,为后世法。自古书契②多编以竹简,其用缣帛③者谓之为纸。缣贵而简重,并不便于人。伦乃造意用树肤、麻头及敝布、鱼网以为纸。元兴元年,奏上之。帝善其能,自是莫不从用焉,故天下咸称“蔡侯纸”。【注释】①秘剑:皇家用的刀剑。 ②契:刻的文字。 ③缣帛:绸缎布匹。12.解释下列句中加点词。(4分)(1)为后世法( ) (2)自是莫不从用焉( )13.下列句中,“之”与画线句中用法相同的一项是 。(2分)A.有托其妻子于其友而之楚游者 B.公将鼓之C.燕、赵、韩、魏闻之,皆朝于齐。 D.两狼之并驱如故14.上文采用 的写法,凸显了“蔡侯纸” 、 的特点。(3分)15.纵观全文,蔡伦是一个 的人。(3分)二、现代文(48分)(一)阅读下文,完成第16—20题(22分)理想的阶梯①青年最爱谈理想,青年最苦恼的是理想和现实常常有矛盾。有的青年虽有理想,但刻苦勤奋不足;有的也很想为理想努力,但不能抓紧一点一滴的时间;有的自以为条件差,岗位平凡,无用武之地,不能充分发挥主观能动作用,常常在碌碌无为的苦闷中慨叹蹉跎。②奋斗,是实现理想的阶梯。离开奋斗,理想就只能是幻想而已。有理想的青年,都应从眼前的现实起步,以艰苦的奋斗,作为通往理想境界的阶梯。③理想的阶梯,属于刻苦勤奋的人。马克思为实现解放全人类的崇高理想奋斗一生。他积极投身于火热的工人运动,研读无数著作,学会了欧洲好几个国家的语言。他不断在图书馆钻研,数十年如一日,座位下的地面竟然磨掉一层。杰出的人物正是被一种崇高的目标所鼓舞,才产生了惊人的毅力与忘我的精神。是理想的浪涛激励着他们去刻苦奋斗。④理想的阶梯,属于珍惜时间的人。许多科学家、文艺家都是同时间赛跑的能手。爱迪生一生有一千多项发明。这无数次试验的时间从哪里来?就是从常常连续工作两天三天的极度紧张中挤出来的。巴尔扎克用如痴如狂的拼劲,每天奋笔疾书十六七个小时,即使累得手臂疼痛,双眼流泪,也不肯浪费一刻时间。他一生留下为人民深深喜爱的巨著《人间喜剧》,共九十四部小说。这些血汗的结晶不正是时间与生命的光辉记录吗?⑤时间的流逝是无情的,可怕的。人生七十古来稀,三分之一要睡去,再除去幼年玩耍的时间,学习与工作大约只有三十几年,一万多天。朱自清在散文《匆匆》中说:“洗手的时候,日子从水盆里过去;吃饭的时候,日子从饭碗里过去;默默时,便从凝然的双眼前过去。我觉察他去得匆匆了,伸出手遮挽时,他又从遮挽着的手边过去,……”可是,有人甚至从未想过遮挽一下时光呢。对时间的态度,可以检验一个人的世界观。没有理想的人,不懂人生的意义,自然不爱惜时间。真正有理想的人,必定珍惜一分一秒,因为每一瞬间的奋斗都关系着目标的实现。⑥理想的阶梯,属于迎难而上的人。奋斗的必要,正是由于困难的存在。艰苦的环境更能激发有理想的人奋发向上。高尔基从小饱尝人间的辛酸,旧社会血泪的鞭笞铸成了他伟大的心灵。他坚持在敌人的明枪暗箭下写作,在饥饿与死亡的威胁中战斗,为了共产主义事业,不在任何艰难困苦中屈服、畏缩,永远像海燕一样在雷鸣电闪中展翅翱翔。一个有理想有抱负的青年,决不应让困难攫住自己的心灵,而要在奋斗中舒展自己的双臂。当为崇高理想而奋斗一生的双臂收拢时,抱住的必将是令人欣慰的硕果。⑦奋斗,是改变现实的阶梯,只有以不懈的韧劲,一级级攀登,才能一步步接近那光辉灿烂的理想高峰。让我们在通往理想的征途上谱写出自己的奋斗之歌吧。 (有删改)16.第④段划线句运用了 的修辞,其作用是 。(4分) 17.第⑤段划线句采用 的论证方法,有力地证明了 。(4分)18.本文围绕中心论点 ,告诉我们,想要实现理想,应该做到: (1) ;(2) ;(3) 。(8分) 19.下列对文本理解有误的一项是 。(3分)A.第①段例举各种现象,指出缺乏奋斗是青年的通病,旨在引出论点。B.第③段通过马克思的事例,揭示了理想与奋斗之间的辩证关系。C.第⑥段表明理想能激发人奋发向上的前提是必须有艰苦的环境。 D.上文所例举的三个事例与第①段形成照应关系,所以缺一不可。20.下列荀况的这段话可作为第 段的论据,理由是 。(3分)骐骥一跃,不能十步;驽马十驾,功在不舍;锲而舍之,朽木不折;锲而不舍,金石可镂。(二)阅读下文,完成第21—26题(26分)五张纸条1、暴风雪袭来时,卡车却在茫茫戈壁滩中抛锚。天地间霎时昏暗混沌,只剩下狂风、雪尘与彻骨的寒冷。似乎连空气都冻成冰刃,嘶嘶叫着,从每个人的脖子上划过去。六个人缩在狭窄的车厢里瑟瑟发抖,血和呼吸仿佛早已凝固。死神一步步迫近,每个人的心里,都有了恐惧。2、是一个很小的剧团,要去戈壁滩的深处慰问一支驻扎部队。六个人里,年纪最大的四十二岁,是团长;年纪最小的十八岁,是剧团新成员。他们是一对父子。 3、六个人在暴风雪里坚持了一天一夜。周围除了风雪,连飞鸟都见不到一只。天气越来越恶劣,死神近在咫尺。他们也曾试图丢下车子徒步前行,可是这打算很快被放弃了。走进这样的漫天风雪里,几乎等同于选择死亡。挤在车厢里,等风雪过去或者被救援人员发现,或许还有一丝生还的可能。4、又熬过一天。风雪仍然肆虐,世界只剩一辆被埋起半截的卡车。所有人都知道,假如黄昏以前仍然没有人发现他们,他们将会被无声无息地冻死在夜的戈壁滩。5、终于决定让一个人离开,徒步走进暴风雪中寻找救援。这是他们最后的希望。假如运气好的话,那个人可以找到救援队并顺利返回,这样他们就能够得救。团长宣布完这个决定,静静地看着所有的人。6、没有人主动站出来。谁都知道一旦离开车子,生命会脆弱得如同高空中落下的鸡蛋——留在车厢里生还的机会,远比一个人在风雪中独行要大得多。7、可是必须有人走出去 或者找到救援,或者在雪地里死去。8、车厢里死一般寂静。每个人都面无表情。团长看看儿子,儿子急忙低下头——他的身体是六个人里最好的,或许他不能找来救援,但他可以在暴风雪里走得最远活得最长——他是寻找救援的最好人选。9、团长说现在必须做出决定。选到谁。谁就走出去。10、仍然没有人说话。11、团长说那么大家写在纸上吧,票数最多的人走出去。他掏出一张纸,撕成大小均匀的五个纸条。他将纸条分别递到五个人手里,说,写下来以后,交给我。12、大家用冻得僵硬的手在纸条上郑重地写下一个名字,然后将纸条小心地折好,交回团长。13、团长将五个纸条依次打开,表情越来越严峻。纸条全部看完,他长叹了一口气,把纸条递给他的儿子。他说,大家的意思,改不了。14、儿子从父亲手里接过纸条,一张一张慢慢地看。看完抬头,看父亲一眼,再看其余每个人一眼,然后推开车门走了出去。他没说一句话。他的眼睛里饱含泪花,表情很是悲壮。他深知走出车厢意味着什么。狂风裹挟着雪尘刹那间涌进车厢,车厢里的温度骤然变得更低。再寻找他,风雪里只剩一个越来越小的暗灰色影子——他在瞬间将自己淹进雪的海洋。15、剩下的五个人缩在卡车里,开始了一生中最漫长的等待——等待被救,或者等待死亡。16、他们还是得救了。不是因为团长的儿子领回了救援人员,而是因为暴风雪终于过去。救援直升机在空中发现了他们抛锚的卡车,又在三个小时以后,在雪地里找到团长的儿子。 他走出去很远,那绝对是别人不能够达到的距离。事实证明,他的确是六个人里面最合适的人选。他努力了,可是没有用。他没有完成任务。他不是神,他只是一位十八岁的少年。17、人们没能将他救活。他的死去,看起来,毫无价值。18、整理遗物的时候,有人在他的口袋里发现五张对折的小纸条。19、五张纸条上,写着五个不同的名字……21.第7段划线处标点最恰当的一项是 。(2分) A.冒号“:” B.破折号“——” C.感叹号“!” D.句号“。”22.第5段中的加点词“终于”不宜去掉的理由是 。(3分)23.第14段划线句是对儿子的 描写,他之所以会有这样的表现,是因为(1) ;(2) 。(6分)24.有人说,文中的团长是一张写满字的白纸。细读文本,写上他的心路历程。(4分) 死神迫近,充满恐惧→ →矛盾不舍,民主投票→ 25.对第17段画线句理解正确的一项是 。(3分) A.因为他没有完成任务,所以他的死确实毫无价值。 B.意在表明十八岁的儿子不应去作出这种无谓的牺牲。C.他的死表面上无价值,却给人撑起了精神上的支柱。 D.这是作者对他父亲、也是对剧团其他成员的谴责。26.“五张纸条上,写着五个不同的名字……”请从艺术效果及主题两个角度简要说说小说这样结尾的妙处。(80字左右)(8分)三、写作(60分)27.有一股力量在推动要求:(1)写一篇600字左右的文章。(2)不得透露个人相关信息,不得抄袭。松江区2012学年度第二学期月考初三语文评分标准与参考答案 2013.5一、文言文 (共42分)(一)(共18分,每小题3分,错、漏、改一字扣1分,扣完为止。)1、千里暮云平 2、禅房花木深 3、会挽雕弓如满月 4、为伊消得人憔悴 5、往往而死者相藉焉 6、俶尔远逝(二)(4分,每空2分) 7、以边塞为题材的雄壮悲凉的军歌 8、B(三)(8分)9. (2分,每空1分) 登泰山记 桐城10.(3分)等到爬上山顶,(只见)山上覆盖着白雪,雪光照亮了南面的天空。(及、负、烛)11.(3分)B(四)(12分)12.(4分) (1)被 (“成为”也翻得通) (2)跟从13.(2分)C14.(3分)对比 价廉 轻便15.(3分)做事认真、敢于创新 (“敢于创新”是核心)二、现代文阅读(共48分) (一)(22分) 16.(2+2分)反问 强调人生的成就都是靠珍惜时间创造出来的,证明了“理想的阶梯,属于珍惜时间的人”这一分论点。 17.(2+2分)引用论证 时间的流逝是无情的,可怕的,希望人们能珍惜时间。 18.(8分)奋斗是实现理想的阶梯 刻苦勤奋 珍惜时间 迎难而上(抄原句扣1分) 19.(3分)C 20.(1+2分)第③段 这段话的核心要义是“只要坚持不懈,就能有所成就”,与第③段的“刻苦勤奋”是相一致的。(二)(26分)21.(2分)B22.(3分)在语意上与前文中的“坚持了一天一夜、又熬过一天”相照应,同时又突出团长作出这一决定的艰难。(答出一点得2分)23.(6分)肖像(或“神态”) (1)他看过纸条,知道上面写的不只是他的名字,感到委屈 (2)他知道自己出去无疑是送死,感到害怕24.(2+2分)为求救援,痛下决定 名字各异,痛苦抉择(意思对即可,字数不限制)25.(3分)C26.(8分)略(艺术效果:出人意料,震撼人心;主题:更能突显这一对父子勇于自我牺牲的伟大精神;给读者增添了又一条光明的尾巴,其他人尽管害怕死亡,但终究没有失去做人的底线) (学生能答出两点即可,每方面3分,语言2分)三、作文(60分)参照中考评分标准等第综合评分 中心与材料 (25分) 语 言 (25分) 思路与结构 (10分) 评分细则A60︱53分切合题意中心突出 选材恰当,有新意感情真挚内容充实语言流畅、简洁、得体,有一定的表现力思路通畅层次清晰结构完整详略得当A等基准分56分。基本符合三项条件得基准分:三项中有一项富有特色,其他两项达到B,可评为A。分项得分 25——22分 25——22分 10——9分B52︱43分符合题意中心明确选材恰当感情真实内容较充实语言通顺、简洁用语规范思路连贯层次较清楚结构完整能注意详略B等基准分47分。基本符合三项条件得基准分;中心与材料或语言有一项较好的,酌情加分;其中一项有欠缺的,酌情减分。分项得分 21——18分 21——18分 8——7分C42︱ 33分基本符合题意中心基本明确选材基本恰当内容不够充实语言基本通顺用语基本规范思路基本清楚层次基本清楚结构完整,但不够合理详略安排不够恰当C等基准分36分。基本符合三项条件得基准分;其中二项较好的,酌情加分;有欠缺的,酌情减分。分项得分 17——14分 17——14分 6——5分D32︱ 24分题意理解偏颇中心不明确选材不合理内容空洞语言不通顺用语不恰当病句比较多思路不清楚结构不完整D等基准分28分。基本符合三项条件得基准分;其中一项在C、D之间,酌情加分.分项得分 13——11分 13——11分 4——2分E23︱0分偏离题意无中心词不达意,表达混乱思路混乱结构残缺文不成篇严重偏离题意或有严重语病或字数不足300字,18分以下.分项得分 10——0分 10——0分 1——0分说明: (1)题目不写扣2分. (2)字迹不清楚,书写不规范,卷面不整洁扣1—2分(符合任意两项即扣2分)。 (3)错别字总扣1分(满2个即扣)。 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源列表 上海市松江区2013届九年级5月月考化学试题.doc 上海市松江区2013届九年级5月月考数学试题.doc 上海市松江区2013届九年级5月月考物理试题.doc 上海市松江区2013届九年级5月月考英语试题.doc 上海市松江区2013届九年级5月月考语文试题.doc