江苏省南通市海安县2013届九年级学业水平测试(一模)试题(7科5份)

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江苏省南通市海安县2013届九年级学业水平测试(一模)试题(7科5份)

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九年级英语
(考试时间:120分钟 满分120分)
第Ⅰ卷 (选择题 共60分)
注 意 事 项
考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项:
1. 本试卷共8页,满分为120分,考试时间为120分钟。考试结束后,请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
2. 答题前,请务必将自己的姓名、考试证号用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔填写在试卷及答题卡上指定的位置。
3. 答案必须按要求填涂、书写在答题卡上,在试卷、草稿纸上答题一律无效。
第Ⅰ卷共45小题,请将答案按要求写在答题卡上。
一、单项选择 (本题共15小题;每小题l分,满分l5分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
1. Our teacher suggests us that watching TV at _______ most _______ hour a day during the winter holiday.
A. the; a B. a; an C.不填; a D.不填; an
2. — I hear that John has gone to Japan for a visit. Do you know it
— He made no ________ of his journey before.
A. memory B. mention C. member D. message
3. We hope our country can _______ a way to solve the problem of Diaoyu Island.
A. catch up with B. put off C. come up with D. come out of
4. The temperature now is much higher than______of 100 years ago because of more and more greenhouse gas.
A. this B. that C. it D. one
5. Wu Bing is remembered _______ the most beautiful driver because he devoted his life _______ his work.
A. for; into B. as; to C. for; to D. as; into
6. — How much are the two pairs of trousers
— They are not expensive. I think one hundred dollars ______ enough.
A. is B. are C. were D. was
7. — Be quiet, the head teacher Mr. Gu is coming.
— Don’t worry. It _____ be him. Mr. Gu is much fatter.
A. mustn’t B. may not C. needn’t D. can’t
8. — When did Prince William and Kate get married
— They ______ for about two years.
A. have married B. have been married C. got married D. have got married
9. — My cousin often has nothing for breakfast, ______ she
— ______. Because she often gets up late and is afraid of being late for school.
A. has; Yes B. doesn’t; No C. does; No D. hasn’t; Yes
10.— I don’t know which skirt was ______, so I took them both.
— Yes, it’s really difficult to choose.
A. better B. well C. best D. good
11. The young girl couldn't afford a new car. ______, she bought a used one.
A. Besides B. Otherwise C. Since D. Instead
12. — What is Mom cooking in the kitchen
— Fish, I guess. How nice it _______!
A. looks B. smells C. sounds D. tastes
13. — We’ll have _______ holiday in June. Will you go home
— No. If I go home, I’ll have to take_______ ride.
A. a one-week; seven days B. an one-week; a seven day’s
C. a one-week; a seven days’ D. an one-week’s; a seven days’
14. — Could you show me _______
— Sure.
A. what can I do with the bike B. how I could do with the bike
C. which was the way to the zoo D. where he lives
15. — I believe we’ve met here before.
— No, ________. It’s the first time I’ve been here.
A. it isn’t the same B. it’s true C. I don’t think so D. I believe so
二、完形填空 (本题共15小题;每小题l分,满分l5分)
请认真阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Mary’s dime(一毛钱)
It was Sunday afternoon. I decided to clean up the room nicely so that my parents would feel 16 when they returned from a long ride! Then, I sat in the room, having nothing to do.
   What else could I do Then, with no reason, I suddenly 17 the pale face of that little beggar(乞丐) girl. I could see the glad light 18 her eyes when I put the dime in her little dirty hand.
   How much I 19 that dime, too! Grandpa gave it to me a whole month ago, and I had kept it ever since in my red box upstairs, but those sugar apples looked so attractive, and were so 20 — only a dime a piece — that I wanted to have one.
   I could imagine the little girl stood there in front of the 21 in her old dirty dress, looking at the 22 that were put all in a row in the window. I wonder what I should say, “Little girl, what do you want ” I gently asked. She felt 23 and looked straight at me, just as if(似乎)nobody had spoken so 24 to her before. She realized what I had meant, so she said seriously and sadly. “I was thinking how good one of those delicious hamburgers would 25 . I haven’t had anything to eat today.”
   Now I thought to myself, “Mary Williams, you have had a good breakfast and a good lunch today, 26 this poor girl has not had a mouthful yet. You can give her your 27 . She needs it a great deal more than you do.”
   I could not run away from that little girl’s sad, 28 look — so I dropped the dime right into her hand. How 29 the girl was! I am so glad I gave her the dime, 30 I had to go without the apple lying there in the window.
16. A. disturbed B. unhappy C. satisfied D. interested
17. A. saw B. remembered C. forgot D. described
18. A. filling B. protecting C. attracting D. touching
19. A. hated B. loved C. missed D. noticed
20. A. valuable B. meaningful C. expensive D. cheap
21. A. market B. library C. store D. bookshop
22. A. dresses B. magazines C. books D. candies
23. A. surprised B. excited C. pleased D. worried
24. A. happily B. kindly C. angrily D. sadly
25. A. taste B. sound C. feel D. smell
26. A. since B. so C. and D. but
27. A. apple B. hamburger C. dime D. candy
28. A. proud B. angry C. calm D. hungry
29. A. grateful B. unlucky C. lonely D. friendly
30. A. unless B. if C. though D. because
三、阅读理解 (本题共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
请认真阅读下列短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Are you an only-child in your family Are you feeling alone at home How are you dealing with it
Zhang Luwen, 12, feels lucky to have a 4-year-old “brother”. “With him, I never feel lonely at home. He goes with me wherever I go,” said the girl of Sichuan Province. But it is not easy to be a sister. Zhang has to help her parents bath her “brother” every week. This is because he is hairy — he is a dog.
As the number of pet owners in China grows more and more, Chinese students have animal friends at home. Experts say that these small animals give these only-children lessons in love, care, teamwork and generosity.
This month, the first study on the influence of pets on the children came out. It is a survey of 402 Beijing primary school students. It shows that animal friends are good for children.
China had more than 90 million only-children by 2006, according to the government. “In families of three, most children feel lonely. They don’t have many chances to learn how to love and be responsible for others,” said Zhou Xia in the study group. “So having a pet can help with the problem.”
However, some students complain that their parents don’t allow them to have pets. “They are afraid a pet would stop me studying,” said Chen Qi, of Chongqing.
Perhaps he could learn from Qin Yixing, 13, of Beijing. “I don’t play with my dog until I have finished my homework. I made the promise to my mom and I must keep it,” said the girl.
31. According to the passage, experts think _______.
A. it is good for students to have animal friends at home
B. only-children families in China will be fewer and fewer
C. small animals at home are bad for students
D. parents should buy more pet animals for their children
32. What can we learn from the passage
A. Zhang Luwen’s parents bath every week.
B. Zhou Xia thinks a pet animal can solve the problem that children feel lonely.
C. Chen Qi of Chongqing has got a pet animal.
D. Qin Yixing’s parents don’t want her to have a pet.
B
Alderbury International Festival Society
FESTIVAL 22ND MAY-9TH JUNE 2012
Art
Displays of paintings, drawings and photographs from Europe and Asia are all part of the Festival programme, with a total of more than 400 pieces of work to be seen.
Early century advertisements will be on display at this year’s festival. Copies of these advertisements are to be sold at the box office.
Music
There will be a huge rang of music in this year’s festival from 14th dance music to modern jazz. Many famous musicians will be visiting the Festival as well as at least two internationally famous bands.
Lunchtime concerts-Every day of the Festival!
All lunchtime concerts begin at 1:00p.m. and last about 55 minutes, except on Monday, 26 of May, which is to be held in the Guildhall. All tickets are priced at 2.00.
How to get the tickets
Telephone reservations: 63362/6641 from 1st April
Payment for tickets reserved by telephone must be received at the Festival Box Office within 3 days. The tickets will then be sent by post.
One can buy tickets in person from 1st May. The Festival Box Office will be open as follows:
Monday to Saturday 9:30 a.m.-5:30 p.m.
Sunday(during the Festival only )9:30 a.m.-1:00 p.m.
33. In the Festival, you can _______.
A. buy copies of ancient advertisements B. see more than 400 drawings
C. get some paintings at the box offices D. display your works for free
34. What do we know about the music show
The lunchtime concerts last for more than an hour.
The Festival includes many kinds of music.
C. Tickets for the concerts cost more than 3.00.
D. All concerts are to be held in the Guildhall.
35. It is not possible for you to buy a ticket in person at _______.
A. 5:30 p.m. on Sunday B. 10:30 a.m. on Monday
C. 3:00 p.m. on Saturday D. 1:p.m. on Friday
36. On 1st April, you can _______.
A. enjoy modern jazz B. receive tickets by post
C. listen to lunchtime concerts D. phone for ticket reservations
C
James Cleveland Owens was the son of a farmer and the grandson of black slaves(奴隶). His family moved to Cleveland when he was 9. There, a school teacher asked the youth his name.
“J.C.,” he replied.
She thought he had said “Jesse”, and he had a new name.
Owens ran his first race at the age of 13. After high school, he went to Ohio State University. He had to work part time in order to pay for his education. As a second year student, in the Big Ten games in 1935, he set even more records than he would in the Olympic Games a year later.
A week before the Big Ten games, Owens fell down when he went downstairs. His back hurt so much that he could not exercise all week, and he was helped in and out of the car that drove him to the games. He refused to listen to the suggestions that he should give up and said he would try, event by event. He did try, and the results are in the record book.
The stage was set for Owens’ success at the Olympic Games in Berlin(柏林) the next year, and his success would come to be considered as not only athletic but also political(政治的). Hitler(希特勒) did not give congratulations to any of the black American winners.
“It was all right with me,” he said years later. “I didn’t go to Berlin to shake hands with him, anyway.”
After returning from Berlin, he received no telephone calls from the president of his own country, either. In fact, he was not honored by the United States until 1976, four years before his death.
Owens’ Olympic success made little difference to him. He earned his living by looking after a school playground, and racing against cars and dogs.
“Sure, it worried me,” he said later. “But at least it was an honest living. I had to eat.”
In the end, however, his gold medals changed his life. “They have kept me alive over the years,” he once said. “Time has stood still for me. That golden moment dies hard.”
37. In the Big Ten games, Owens .
A. hurt himself in the back
B. was successful in setting many records
C. tried every sports event but all failed
D. had to give up all events
38. We can infer from the text that Owens was treated unfairly in the US at that time because .
A. he was the grandsonof black slaves
B. he was the son of a poor farmer
C. he didn’t shake hands with Hitler
D. he didn’t talk to the US president on the phone
39. When Owens says “They have kept me alive over the years”, he means that the medals .
A. have been changed for money to help him live on
B. have made him famous in the US
C. have encouraged him to face difficulties in life
D. have kept him busy with all kinds of jobs
40. What can be the best title for the text
A. Jesse Owens — A Great American Sportsman B. The Big Ten Games
C. Making a Living As a Sportsman D. How to Be a Successful
D
I’m Alfred. I was born with a problem in my backbone and mobility(行走能力)was a big challenge, but thanks to my teachers and friends, my school life was excellent.
My friends and I used to sit together and have lots of fun. Whenever we got a free period, we used to start shouting or play games. I would take part in all competitions, such as poetry writing, story writing and painting and all activities like Teachers’ Day or anybody’s birthday and had much fun.
My English teacher was very tall. The moment she would enter the class, we would all sit quiet and open the books. She would encourage me by giving me important assignments and also morning news to read during the assembly. She would come down and hear my English debate(辩论), which made me participate in all debate competitions.
The same was true of my biology and science teacher. She was very nice and sweet. She would always give me extra information on the biology project. I could not go to the lab for the practicals (lessons or exams in science, cooking etc. in which you have to do or make something yourself rather than write or read about it), so she would bring the lab down and help me with the biology and science practicals and would give me excellent marks.
My friends made me monitor and the naughty boys listen to me. My friends used to help me with my notes if I was absent. My teachers always gave me important project work and I felt proud when they patted me on the back after I finished it quickly and correctly.
I was never shouted at or made fun of or scolded(批评) by any of my friends and teachers. Today I saw the terrible punishments given to students on television news. I felt very sad.
I really want to express my love and thanks to all my wonderful teachers and friends, without whom my school life would not have been so excellent and unforgettable. I really pray to God that each child in the world is blessed with caring teachers and wants to attend school every day.
41. Alfred’s problem in his backbone _________ .
made him have fewer friends than others
B. prevented him enjoying an excellent school life
C. left him feeling down all the time in his life
D. made it impossible for him to move freely
42. How many Alfred’s teachers are mentioned in the passage
A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.
43. Alfred tried to do the following EXCEPT _________.
A. play games during a free period with his friends
B. take part in all competitions and all activities
C. go to the school lab to do the practicals
D. complete his project work quickly and correctly
44. The underlined part “patted me on the back” is closest in meaning to “_________”.
A. scolded and hit me B. encouraged and praised me
C. touched my backbone D. made me calm down
45. By writing the passage, Alfred aims to __________.
A. tell us how lucky a boy student he was
B. express his thanks to his teachers and friends
C. get understanding and care from more people
D. show us his great school achievements
第Ⅱ卷 (非选择题 共60分)
第II卷共36小题,请将答案按要求写在答题卡上。
四、词汇 (本题共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
A.请根据括号中的中文提示、英文释义或句意,写出句中所缺单词,使句子通顺。
46. The girl is very healthy because she ___________(很少) eats junk food and exercises more.
47. The bus is so ___________(拥挤的) that we have to wait for the next one. How unlucky!
48. Zhou Kehua’s girl friend will be put in __________for five years because she also has done something against the law.
49. As teachers, we should __________(say again) the important points in class again and again so that some slow students can have a good understanding.
50. It is our duty to protect the ____________(环境)because pollution is getting more and more serious.
B. 请根据句意从方框中选择合适的单词,并用其适当形式填空,使句子通顺。
comfortable wide happy forty visit
51. Look! They are watching the film Lost in Thailand with __________ on the Internet.
52. My father’s __________ birthday happens to be on Father’s Day.
53. The Internet is __________ used in most families in our country today.
54. Those beautiful paintings don’t belong to us. They are those ___________.
55. It will make you feel ____________ if you sit too long in front of the computer.
C. 请根据句意从方框中选择合适的动词,并用其适当时态填空,使句子通顺。
destroy control help steal drop
56. Don’t worry about the girl too much. Her temperature __________back to normal if she takes this medicine.
57. Who __________ my new bike I can’t find it anywhere. I put it here last night.
58. People often __________ forests to build roads in the past. Now they have stopped doing so.
59. When I passed him just now, he ___________ the icon on the computer with the mouse.
60. — Why can’t she go to play basketball with us at present
— She __________ her mother with the housework.
五、句型转换 (本题共5题,每小题1分,满分5分)
请根据要求改写下列句子,每空一词。
61. Her father has been on the phone since half an hour ago. (对划线部分提问)
_________ _________ has her father been on the phone
62. I think diving is the most difficult activity of all. (保持句意基本不变)
I think diving is more difficult than __________ __________ activity.
63. We can put those machines on the ground floor of the building. (改为被动语态)
Those machines can __________ __________on the ground floor of the building.
64. The beach is a nice place for tourists. (改为感叹句)
___________ __________ nice place for tourists the beach is!
65. Pingping is so energetic that he can be a good monitor. (改为简单句)
Pingping is ___________ ___________ to be a good monitor.
六、短文填空 (本题共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)
请认真阅读下面短文,并根据各题所给首字母的提示,写出一个合适的英语单词完整、正确的形式,使短文通顺。
Nothing is impossible if you put your heart into it. But what will you do if you fail Many people may c_▲
(66) to give up. However, the necessary way to success is to keep your g ▲ (67).
On your way to success, you must keep your direction. It is just l________(68) a lamp, guiding you in darkness and h____▲____(69) you overcome difficulties on your way. Otherwise, you will easily get lost or be a____▲____(70)to go ahead.
Direction means objectives(目标). You can arrive n____▲____(71)without an objective in life.
You can try to write your objective on p___▲___(72) and make some p_____▲__(73) to make it come true. In this way, you will know how to arrange your time and to s___▲___(74) your time properly. And you should also b ___▲__(75)you are sure to succeed as long as you keep your direction all the time.
六、短文填空(本题共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)
请认真阅读下面短文,并根据各题所给首字母的提示,写出一个合适的英语单词完整、正确的形式,使短文通顺。
Project Hope helps people in the poor area build schools. It also helps poor (66) c______ go to school. China’s Project Hope has raised lots of (67) m every year. It has helped more than 2.5 million poor students (68) s_____it was set up over 20 years ago. So far, the project has collected more than 2.2 billion yuan from China and (69) o_____ countries in the world. The money has been used in the building of many Project Hope primary schools.
About 80 percent of the Project Hope schools are in China’s middle and (70) w____ areas, because they are still developing.
Project Hope has helped to (71) b faraway learning centers, libraries and video centers. It also helped train school teachers from poor areas.
Of all the non-government welfare(福利)projects, Project Hope has become the (72) l______ one so far in China. People say that still about 40 million primary school students (73) n____ help around the country, including 34 million primary, junior, and high school students. Mr Gao, one of the (74) w_____ in Project Hope said the organization would (75) t______ to raise more money and help more students in the future.
答案: 66. children 67. money 68. since 69. other 70. western
71. build 72. largest 73. need 74. workers 75. try
七、阅读与回答问题 (本题共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
请认真阅读下面短文,并根据短文内容回答问题。
Yang Mi is a Chinese actress and singer. She was born on September 12, 1986.
She is best known for her role as Guo Xiang in the 2006 television series The Return of the Condor Heroes( 神雕侠侣 and as Tang Xuejian in Chinese Paladin 3( 仙剑奇侠传3 ). However, she has been getting even greater popularity through her role as Luo Qingchuan in Palace ( 宫 ).
In 2011, Mei Ah Entertainment announced that it would be producing four films for Yang, which surprised Yang.
As a singer, Yang Mi’s first personal album Close to me was on TV on January 4th, 2012.
The handsome young man named Kwone Sang Woo(权相宇)is from South Korea. He was born on August 5, 1976. In 2001, he became an actor. He likes basketball and swimming. He also likes painting and teaching. He likes painting better, because a teacher is paid little. He is famous for his good figure(身材)and his movies, such as Stairway to Heaven( 天堂的阶梯 ). It is a TV series that tells a love story. Kwone Sang Woo has reportedly been cast(选派)in a Hollywood film that starts filming in Malaysia in 2012.
76. What is Yang Mi
▲ (请将答案写在答题纸上)
77. What is Close to me
▲ (请将答案写在答题纸上)
78. What is Kwone Sang Woo famous for
▲ (请将答案写在答题纸上)
79. Why doesn’t Kwone Sang Woo want to become a teacher though he likes teaching
▲ (请将答案写在答题纸上)
80. Why will Mei Ah Entertainment make films for Yang Mi (考生自拟一句话回答)
▲ (请将答案写在答题纸上)
八、书面表达(本题满分20分)
中国著名作家莫言,真名管谟业,2012年10月获得诺贝尔文学奖(The Noble Prize in Literature),请根据以下提示写一篇有关他的介绍。
1955年7月 出生于山东潍坊, 农民的儿子
1981年 开始写作,小说家和短篇故事家
1988年 张艺谋导演的电影《红高粱》,由他的小说改篇
2011年 作品《蛙》获得茅盾文学奖
2012年10月 成为第一个获诺贝尔文学奖的中国人,居住地成了旅游景点。
你的感想(请考生自拟1-2点)
注意:1.词数90左右。短文的开头和结尾已写好,不计人总词数;
2.短文应把表格中所示内容表达完整,句式规范,字迹工整;
3.可以适当发挥,使条理清晰,内容完整,意思连贯,请考生在文中不要出现真实的姓名与校名;
4.参考词汇:novelist小说家;Red Sorghum 红高粱 ;The Frog 蛙 ;The Mao Dun Prize in Literature茅盾文学奖
The Chinese writer Mo Yan was famous for getting the 2012 Nobel Prize in Literature. His true name is Guan Moye.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
201304初三英语学业水平测试参考答案
一、 1.D 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. B 6. A 7. D 8. B 9. C
10. A 11. D 12. B 13. C 14. D 15. C
二、16. C 17. B 18. A 19. B 20. D 21. C 22. D 23. A 24. B
25. A 26. D 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. C
三、31. A 32. B 33. A 34. B 35. A 36. D 37. B 38. A 39. C
40. A 41. D 42. B 43. C 44. B 45. B
四、A. 46. seldom 47. crowded 48. prison 49. repeat 50. environment
B. 51. happiness 52. fortieth 53. widely 54. visitors’ 55. uncomfortable
C. 56. will drop 57. has stolen 58. destroyed
59. was controlling 60. is helping
五、61. How long 62. any other 63. be put 64. What a 65. energetic enough
六、66. children 67. money 68. since 69. other 70. western
71. build 72. largest 73. need 74. workers 75. try
七、76. She is a Chinese actress and singer.
77. (It’s) Yang Mi’s first personal album.
78. He is famous for his good figure and his movies.
79. Because a teacher is paid little.
80. Because she is famous and she acts very well.
八. Possible version:
The Chinese writer Mo Yan was famous for getting the 2012 Nobel Prize in Literature. His true name is Guan Moye.
He was born in Wei Fang of Shandong in July, 1955. He is the son of a farmer. In 1981, he began to write. He is not only a novelist but also a writer of short stories. One of his novels was made into the film Red Sorghum directed by Zhang Yimou in 1988.
His work The Frog won the Mao Dun Literature Prize in 2011. What’s more, in October, 2012, he became the first Chinese to win the Nobel Prize. Also because of this his hometown has become/becomes the tourist attraction.
I’m proud of him. And I’ll try my best to work hard to learn from him. (自拟部分学生言之成理即可) (107词)









上2012~2013学年度第二学期期中考试
九年级语文
一 (25分)
阅读下面一段文字,完成1~4题。(6分)
有如农夫走向田野,蜜蜂飞向花海,去xún mì宁静,自然而从容地走进书房,沉浸于别人的世界比照自己,biān cè自己。走进书房,与书对望,大千世界跃然纸上,芸芸众生 A (纷至沓来/车水马龙)。置身书博大的胸怀,你的思绪便如野草般疯长和蔓延,撩起喷泉般的力量和创造,倍感生命诚可贵,知识价更高。
走进书房,你是自己当然的国王,“结庐在人境,而无车马喧”,一管在握,信笔涂鸦,神游稿纸间,心可在天外,何其快哉!走进书房,荷笔当锄,精神家园种满稚嫩的庄稼,也许远离丰收的季节,但心里总装着一个秋天。慢慢地愁肠舒解,残雪消融,
fú zào渐趋平静,顷刻间阴霾一扫,心空一片晴朗亮丽。
1.根据拼音,在横线上写出相应的汉字。(3分)

2.“结庐在人境,而无车马喧”是什么朝代哪位诗人的诗句?(1分)
3. 在A处选填合适的词语。(1分)
4. “置身书博大的胸怀,你的思绪便如野草般疯长和蔓延,撩起喷泉般的力量和创造”这句话,运用 修辞,形象写出了 。(1分)
5.每年4月23日是“世界读书日”。这样一个日子的到来,总让人把目光投向阅读。今年的读书日期间,弘謇中学九年级决定开展以“读书与交流”为主题的语文综合实践活动,请你参加。
①【浸润书香】为营造活动氛围,积极倡导好读书,读好书,请你为学校的电子显示屏原创一条含有“经典”一词的宣传语。(1分)

②【语言品味】学好语文读为先,读万卷书,才能行万里路。鲁迅先生曾说:“读书要像蜜蜂一样,采过许多花,才能酿出蜜来。”美国诗人柯勒律治说:“读书应当像石床的矿工一样,把‘渣’甩一旁,只拣些纯净的宝石。”这两位大师关于读书过程的见解中表述的主要意思分别是什么?(2分)
鲁迅的意思:  
柯勒律治的意思:
③【评说经典】选择《繁星·春水》《水浒》《汤姆索亚历险记》《钢铁是怎样炼成的》《骆驼祥子》名著中的一部,就作品的内容和阅读感受,写一段推荐语。至少用到一种修辞手法,30字左右。(3分)
④【百家争鸣】对于是否在教室里增设“图书角”,同学们反应不一,展开了辩论。请你以辩论中一方的身份,阐述自己鲜明的观点和理由。 (3分)
6.用课文原句填空。(10分)
① 出淤泥而不染, 。(周敦颐《爱莲说》)
② ,奉命于危难之间。(诸葛亮《出师表》)
③ 人生自古谁无死?             。(文天祥《过零丁洋》)
④ 俱怀逸兴壮思飞,             。(李白《宣州谢眺楼饯别校书叔云》)
⑤ 刘禹锡的《酬乐天扬州初逢席上见赠》中包含事物新陈代谢的哲理的诗句是“             ,             ”。
⑥ 王之涣《凉州词》中有“一片孤城万仞山”之句,范仲淹《渔家傲》中与此意境相似的句子是:____ ________,____________________。
⑦ 寻梦?撑一支长篙,向青草更青处漫溯; , 。
二(60分)
阅读下面这首诗,完成7~8题。(5分)
重送裴郎中贬吉州
刘长卿
猿啼客散暮江头,人自伤心水自流。
同作逐臣君更远,青山万里一孤舟。
【注】诗题“重送”,是因为之前诗人已经写过一首同题的五言律诗。刘、裴曾一起被召回长安,又同遭贬谪,同病相怜,发为歌吟,感情真挚动人。
7. 展开合理想象,用形象流畅的语言描绘“青山万里一孤舟”一句的画面。(2分)
8.结合诗句,说说诗人是怎样表达送别时不舍之情的?(3分)
阅读下面的文言文,完成9~13题。(14分)
粤中①庄有恭②,幼有神童之誉。家邻镇粤将军署,时为放风筝之戏,适落于将军署之内宅,庄直入索取。诸役以其幼而忽之,未及阻其前进。将军方与客对弈,见其神格③非凡,遽诘之曰:“童子何来?”庄以实对。将军曰:“汝曾读书否?曾属对否④?”庄曰:“对,小事耳,何难之有!”将军曰:“能对几字?”庄曰:“一字能之,一百字亦能之。”将军以其言之大而夸也,因指厅事所张画幅而命之对,曰“旧画一堂,龙不吟,虎不啸,花不闻香鸟不叫,见此小子可笑可笑。”庄曰:“即此间一局棋,便可对矣。”应声云:“残棋半局,车无轮,马无鞍,炮无烟火卒无粮,喝声将军提防提防。”
【注释】①粤中:今广东番禺市。②庄有恭:清朝人,官至刑部尚书。③神格:神态与气质。④曾属对否:曾经学过对对子吗?
9. 用斜线(∕)标出下面句子的朗读停顿(共两处)。(2分)
诸 役 以 其 幼 而 忽 之
10.写出下列句子中加点词的意思。(4分)
①幼有神童之誉( ) ②适落于将军署之内宅 ( )
③庄以实对 ( ) ④何难之有 ( )
11.用现代汉语写出下面句子的意思。(3分)
将军方与客对弈,见其神格非凡,遽诘之曰:“童子何来?”
12.结合全文内容,请说说庄有恭是怎样的人。(2分)
13.中国自古以来多神童,文中的庄有恭,天资聪颖,加上后天努力,乾隆年间成了地方大员,深得老百姓的爱戴。
阅读下面链接材料,结合庄有恭的故事,写出你探究的结果。(3分)
【链接】
材料一:王安石《伤仲永》一文中的方仲永,5岁时就认识书写工具,7岁就能指物作诗。邻居家有事常喊他去作诗并给他报酬。其父觉得有利可图,便拉着他到处赚钱,不让其学习,结果到20岁时“泯然众人”。
材料二:据《青年博览》刊载,少年大学生钱某,12岁时就会微积分,被认为是神童,进入合肥科技大学学时,学生们上课,他却在校园里闲逛,成绩一落千丈。老师多次劝说仍无进步,后来不得不退学,从此告别神童生涯。
阅读下面一篇文章,完成14~17题。(19分)
沉默不是金
人们常说“沉默是金”。这话还被写成大字,镶在框里,贴在很多墙壁上。人们用它来告诫自己:言多必失,少说多做,祸从口出,实干兴邦,空谈误国。总之,能闭嘴的时候就闭嘴。
但是马丁·路德金说过:“历史将记取的社会转变的最大悲剧不是坏人的喧嚣,而是好人的沉默。”
历史上无数悲剧源于集体的沉默。“二战”期间,普通德国人大多已经隐隐知道那些被推上火车的犹太人的下场,但是他们对此不闻不问,照常买牛奶面包,上班下班,并对迎面走来的邻居温和地问候“早上好”。
今天的中国,朋友们聚餐,点龙虾鱼翅燕窝,结账的时候,在座的人中有公职的那位“要一张发票”,这上万块钱的餐费最后摊到了谁头上,不会有人追问。
“房间里的大象”在英文里,意指所有那些触目惊心的存在却被明目张胆地忽略甚至否定的事实或者感受,用作者泽鲁巴维尔的话来说,就是“那些我们知道,但是我们清楚地知道自己不该知道”的事。
有些时候,沉默也许是源于善意和礼貌:比如在罹患重疾的亲友面前,我们不愿意谈起他们的病情;比如和一个口吃的人聊天,我们假装注意不到他的口吃。但是另一些时候,沉默源于怯懦。人们害怕权力,害怕高压,害怕失去升官发财的机会,害怕失去房子和车子,于是沉默成了自我保护的机制。高贵是高贵者的墓志铭,沉默是沉默者的通行证。另一些时候,人们所恐惧的甚至不是利益上的损失或者肉体上的暴力伤害,而是精神上被自己的同类群体孤立。出于对归属感的依恋,他们通过沉默来实现温暖的“合群”。
所以,沉默的人越多,打破沉默就越难——因为当越来越多的人卷入沉默的旋涡,从这个旋涡中挣脱出来需要的力气就越大。历史上的先知,往往命运悲惨。( )面对第一个站出来大喊“屋子里有大象”的人,人们往往不会顺着他的手指去看有没有一只大象,而是怒斥他为什么吵醒了自己的好觉。甚至,他们会因为那个人的勇气映照出自己的怯懦而恼羞成怒,你那么大喊大叫干什么?哗众取宠、爱出风头、不识时务、神经病。“沉默如癌细胞般分裂生长”,房间里的大象就这样在“合群”的人们的相互拥抱中越长越大。
好在随着大象越长越大,它被戳破的可能性也随之加大——因为随着大象越来越大,掩盖这只大象所花费的成本也会越来越高,并且,目击者的增多也意味着出现“叛徒”的可能性在增大。最终,孩子小声的一句嘟囔“皇帝没穿衣服”,就可能使这只充气大象迅速地瘪下去。“二战”之后,德国人纷纷睁开闭上的眼睛,可惜,在众人眼睛的这一闭一睁之间,已经有无数人成了沉默的祭品。
拒绝发声并不奇怪,因为发声不但需要勇气,也意味着承担。谈论全球变暖意味着我们要去寻找解决问题的方案,意味着我们可能要选择不买车、少开暖气和空调、刻意节约用水。所以,沉默是金。但是大象并不会因为你不谈论它而消失,你可以不谈论它,甚至不谈论这种不谈论,但是全球还会继续变暖……
直视我们生活中的沉默,人们习惯于用政治或社会的压制来为自己的沉默辩护,却往往忘记了正是自己的沉默,在为这种压制添砖加瓦。我们尽可以堵上自己的耳朵或者捂上自己的嘴巴,但是当房间里有一只大象时,它随时可能会抬起脚来,踩碎我们天下太平的幻觉。
14. 标题是“沉默不是金”,文章从“沉默是金”开始写起有什么作用?(4分)
15.文中多处提到的“房间里的大象”指什么?(4分)
________________________________
16.在括号处给划横线的句子“历史上的先知,往往命运悲惨”补写一个论据。(4分)
17.文中作者提出了怎样的看法?联系现实生活,谈谈你对作者观点的认识。(7分)
作者的看法: (3分)
你的认识: (4分)
阅读下面一篇文章,完成18~21题。(22分)
花开的方向
①母亲喜欢养花,阳台上摆满了大大小小的花盆,四季的轮换里,总有花儿是绽放着的,如此,阳台里一直充盈着春意。另外,有几盆花是放在母亲的卧室里的,那几盆花是同一品种,母亲也叫不出名字,多次的搬家,无论是同城里的迁移或城市间的辗转,那几盆花母亲都没有抛弃。
②那几盆花只在每年的夏季里开放,花期半个多月。花朵并不出奇,比指甲略大些,一圈的花瓣,中间是橙黄的蕊,形状上像极了缩小的葵花。它们通常是三五朵聚拢成簇,有一种极浅极淡的香,只在寂寂的夜里,万虑皆宁的时刻才能感受得到。这种花唯一特别的地方,就是固定地朝着西方开放,无论怎样地挪动位置或转动花盆,都不能影响。母亲就这样宝贝似的把它们放在卧室里,不离不弃。
③母亲对于养花有一套独到的经验,不管什么花,在她的调理之下,都显出一股子活泼劲儿来,常让她那些老姐妹们欣羡不已,总有许多人慕名上门来取经,或讨花桠和花籽儿。母亲的养花爱好是受姥姥影响,或者是遗传使然,少年时曾和母亲回她的老家探亲,姥姥家在一个很远很远的乡村,几乎养了一屋子的花,院子里也栽得满满的。那时我就发现了那种母亲至今珍爱着的花,想来是姥姥送她的了,问母亲花名的时候,她含笑说:“你姥姥也不知道叫什么名字呢!反正我老家那边,这种花是很常见的!”
④母亲卧室里的花,起初在老家没有搬到这个城市的时候,我记得是五盆,后来我大学毕业后,就成了六盆,而搬来这里后,又多出来一盆,成了七盆。仔细回想一下,几乎是以每十年一盆的速度递增着。直到去年,发现那花变成了八盆,几乎摆满了卧室里的窗台。算起来,去年正是搬来这个城市的第十年了。而母亲的那些老友中,却极少有人知道这几盆花,母亲也从不给她们看,似乎那只是她自己的秘密。
⑤母亲卧室里的窗户恰好是向西开的,那些花儿摆在那儿,每年夏季开花的时候,那些花儿便丛丛簇簇地向着窗外,很像隔窗远眺的样子。在它们的花期里,母亲留在卧室里的时间就多了,常常是坐在床上,向着那些花儿,也不知是在欣赏花儿的开放,还是看向窗外。那眼神飘忽着,仿佛很近,又似乎很远。
⑥去年年末的时候,母亲回了一次她的老家,给姥姥过八十大寿。也有好几年没回去了,临行前显得很是兴奋,似乎不管多大年龄的人,一想到要见着自己的母亲,都表现得像个孩子,是啊,不管多大,在母亲面前都是孩子吧!母亲一个劲儿地叮嘱父亲,卧室里的那些花几天浇一次水,每次水量是多少,直到父亲都能背得出来,这才放心而去。而阳台里那些花儿的照看问题,母亲却是一句没提,任由父亲去折腾。
⑦ 母亲回来后,很高兴,有一种满足的神情,不停地说着姥姥的身体很棒,依然伺候着一大院子的花。也难怪,八十岁的人了,能有这样的身体和精神,作为子女自然开心幸福。心里忽然一动,姥姥八十大寿,而母亲的花儿正好是八盆,回想起来,似乎真的是随着姥姥每十岁的增长而增多一盆。于是笑问母亲,母亲看向那些花,说:“对呀,就是这样,你姥姥每长十岁,我就多种一盆!”一瞬间忽然明白了母亲为什么钟爱那几盆花了,那些花是母亲从故乡带出来的,是姥姥曾栽种下的,母亲珍爱着它们,其实是对姥姥的一种思念,一种祝福。
⑧ 有一天在网上,无意间闯入一个花卉论坛,各种花草的图片琳琅满目。素来对花花草草兴趣缺少的我,正要关掉网页,忽然,仿佛闪电般,一个熟悉的画面就划过我的眼睛,正是母亲卧室里的那种花!于是急忙点开,看它的介绍。上面说,这种花不管在什么地方什么情况下,都是向西开放,并分析了一大堆的原因。心里涌动着一种巨大的感动,因为我终于知道了它的名字,那是一个让人悠然神飞、魂牵梦绕的名字——望乡。
⑨那些花又到了花期,母亲依然在守望着,目光轻柔地抚摸过那些小小的花朵背影,然后投向西方。而远远的西方,隔着山,隔着水,隔着风雨云雾,有母亲的故乡,有母亲的母亲!
18.揣摩文章题目,说说它的含义。(4分)
19.第②段中,作者为什么细致描写母亲养在卧室里的叫不上名字、花朵开得并不出奇又固定朝向西方开放的花?(4分)
20.品味语言,回答问题。(9分)
①“母亲一个劲儿地叮嘱父亲,卧室里的那些花几天浇一次水,每次水量是多少,直到父亲都能背得出来,这才放心而去。而阳台里那些花儿的照看问题,母亲却是一句没提,任由父亲去折腾。”
请具体说说“一个劲儿地叮嘱”“一句没提”放在一起表述的作用。(5分)
②“心里涌动着一种巨大的感动,因为我终于知道了它的名字,那是一个让人悠然神飞、魂牵梦绕的名字——望乡。”
结合文本,分析“终于”一词中表达了作者怎样的情感。(4分)
21. 第⑤段中,“那眼神飘忽着,仿佛很近,又似乎很远。”请用自己的语言描述当时母亲的心理。(不少于30字)(5分)
三(65分,其中含写字5分)
22.作文。(65分,其中写字分5分)
阅读下面的文字,根据要求作文。(60分)
魅力指自然流露出来的令人喜欢的感觉,是极能吸引人的力量。美国女诗人普拉斯说,魅力有一种能使人开颜、消怒,并且悦人和迷人的神秘品质。像根丝巧妙地编织在性格里, 闪闪发光,光明灿烂,经久不灭。”
成长的路上,我们离不开对魅力的向往,追求中我们的视野变宽了,我们的知识变丰富了,我们的情感变细腻了,我们的能力提高了……
请根据自己的生活经历和切身体验,以“ 的魅力”为题,写一篇文章。
要求:①除诗歌外,文体不限;②不少于600个字;③文中不得出现真实的地名、校名和人名;④书写要正确、规范、美观。
注意事项:
考生在答题前认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求
1.本试卷共6页,满分为150分,考试时间为150分钟。考试结束后,请将答题纸交回。
2.答题前,请务必将自己的姓名、考试证号等用书写黑色字迹的0.5毫米签字笔填写在答题纸上。
3.作答非选择题必须用书写黑色字迹的0.5毫米签字笔写在答题纸上的指定位置,在其它位置作答一律无效。如需改动,请用橡皮擦干净后,再书写其它答案。江苏省如皋中学2013届高三下学期阶段练习试题(9科9份)海安县2013年九年级学业水平测试
数 学
注 意 事 项
考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项:
1.本试卷共6页,满分为150分,考试时间为120分钟.考试结束后,请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回.
2.答题前,请务必将自己的姓名、考试证号用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔填写在试卷及答题卡上指定的位置.
3.答案必须按要求填涂、书写在答题卡上,在试卷、草稿纸上答题一律无效.
一、选择题(本大题共10小题,每小题3分,共30分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,恰有一项是符合题目要求的,请将正确选项的字母代号填涂在答题卡相应位置上)
1. -4的相反数( ▲ ).
A.4 B.-4 C. D.-
2. 2012年海安县全年生产总值达480.14亿元,其中480.14亿元用科学记数法可表示为( ▲ ).
A.480.14×108元 B.4.8014×102元 C.4.8014×1010元 D.4.8014××108元
3. 一个几何体的三视图如图所示,那么这个几何体是( ▲ ).
A. B. C. D.
4. 下列图形中,既是轴对称图形,又是中心对称图形的是( ▲ ).
A.直角三角形 B.等腰梯形
C.平行四边形 D.线段
5. 如图,直线a∥b,点B在直线b上,且AB⊥BC,
∠2=65°,则∠1的度数为( ▲ ).
A.65° B.25°
C.35° D.45°
6. 甲、乙两人在相同的条件下,各射靶 10 次,经过计算:甲、乙射击成绩的平均数都是 8 环,甲射击成绩的方差是 1.2,乙射击成绩的方差是 1.8.下列说法中不一定正确的是( ▲ ).
A.甲、乙射击成绩的众数相同 B.甲射击成绩比乙稳定
C.乙射击成绩的波动比甲较大 D.甲、乙射中的总环数相同
7. 已知方程x2-5x+2=0的两个解分别为x1、x2,则x1+x2-x1·x2的值为( ▲ ).
A.-7 B.-3 C.7 D.3
8. 分式方程的解为( ▲ ).
A. B. C.无解 D.
9. 如图,直线与轴、轴分别交于A、B两点,把△AOB绕点A顺时针旋转60°后得到△AO′B′,则点B'的坐标是( ▲ ).
A.(4,) B.(,4) C.(,3) D.(,)
第9题 第10题 第14题
10.如图,Rt△ABC中,BC=,∠ACB=90°,∠A=30°,D1是斜边AB的中点,过D1作D1E1⊥AC于E1,连结BE1交CD1于D2;过D2作D2E2⊥AC于E2,连结BE2交CD1于D3;过D3作D3E3⊥AC于E3,…,如此继续,可以依次得到点E4、E5、…、E2013,分别记△BCE1、△BCE2、△BCE3、···、△BCE2013的面积为S1、S2、S3、…、S2013.则S2013的大小为( ▲ ).
A. B. C. D.
二、填空题(本大题共8小题,每小题3分,共24分.不需写出解答过程,请把答案直接填写在答题卡相应位置上)
11.分解因式 x2+3x= ▲ .
12.一个正多边形的每个外角为15°,则这个正多边形的边数为 ▲ .
13.不等式组的解是 ▲ .
14.如图,在矩形ABCD中,DE平分∠ADC交BC于点E,EF⊥AD交AD于点F,若EF=3,AE=5,则AD= ▲ .
15.如图,在⊙O中,弦AB的长为8,圆心O到AB的距离为cm,则劣弧等于 ▲ .
16.如图,在函数(x<0)和(x>0)的图象上,分别有A、B两点,若AB∥x轴且OA⊥OB,则A点坐标为 ▲ .
第15题 第16题 第18题
17.华润苏果的账目记录显示,某天卖出39支牙刷和21盒牙膏,收入396元;另一天以同样的价格卖出同样的52支牙刷和28盒牙膏,收入应该是 ▲ 元.
18.在梯形ABCD中,AD∥BC,AB=CD,BC=4AD,AD=,∠B=45°.直角三角板含45°角的顶点E在边BC上移动,一直角边始终经过点A,斜边与CD交于点F,若△ABE是以AB为腰的等腰三角形,则CF= ▲ .
三、解答题(本大题共10小题,共96分.请在答题卡指定区域内作答,解答时应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤)
19.(本小题满分10分)
(1)计算 ; (2)化简 .
20.(本小题满分8分)
先化简,并选择一个有意义的数a代入求值.
21.(本小题满分9分)
“校园手机”现象越来越受到社会的关注.“寒假”期间,某校小记者随机调查了某地区若干名学生和家长对中学生带手机现象的看法,统计整理并制作了如下的统计图:
(1)求这次调查的家长人数,并补全图①;
(2)求图②中表示家长“赞成”的圆心角的度数;
(3)已知某地区共6500名家长,估计其中反对中学生带手机的大约有多少名家长?
学生及家长对中学生带手机的态度统计图 家长对中学生带手机的态度统计图
图① 图②
22.(本小题满分8分)
如图,AB是⊙O的直径,AD、BD是半圆的弦,且∠PDA=∠PBD.
(1)求证:PD是⊙O的切线;
(2)如果∠BDE=60°,PD=,求PA的长.
23.(本小题满分8分)
如图,海上有一灯塔P,在它周围6海里内有暗礁.一艘海轮以18海里/时的速度由西向东方向航行,行至A点处测得灯塔P在它的北偏东60°的方向上,继续向东行驶20分钟后,到达B处又测得灯塔P在它的北偏东45°方向上,如果海轮不改变方向继续前进有没有触礁的危险
24.(本小题满分8分)
如图,在直角坐标系xOy中,直线与双曲线相交于A(-1,a)、B两点,BC⊥x轴,垂足为C,△AOC的面积是1.
(1)求m、n的值;
(2)求直线AC的解析式.
25.(本小题满分9分)
在一个布口袋里装着白、红、黑三种颜色的小球,它们除颜色之外没有任何其它区别,其中有白球3只、红球2只、黑球1只.袋中的球已经搅匀.
(1)闭上眼睛随机地从袋中取出1只球,求取出的球是黑球的概率;
(2)若取出的第1只球是红球,将它放在桌上,闭上眼睛从袋中余下的球中再随机地取出1只球,这时取出的球还是红球的概率是多少?
(3)若取出一只球,将它放回袋中,闭上眼睛从袋中再随机地取出1只球,两次取出的球都是白球概率是多少?(用列表法或树状图法计算)
26.(本小题满分10分)
如图,菱形ABCD中,AB=AC,点E、F分别为边AB、BC上的点,且AE=BF,连接CE、AF交于点H,连接DH交AC于点O.
(1)△ABF≌△CAE;
(2)HD平分∠AHC吗?为什么?
27.(本小题满分12分)
如图,平面直角坐标系中,直线y=-x+8分别交x轴、y轴于点B、点A,点D从点A出发沿射线AB方向以每秒1个单位长的速度匀速运动,同时点E从点B出发沿射线BC方向以每秒个单位长的速度匀速运动.设点D、E运动的时间是t秒(t>0).过点D作DF⊥AO于点F,连接DE、EF.
(1)当t为何值时,△BDE与△BAO相似;
(2)写出以点D、F、E、O为顶点的四边形面积s与运动时间t之间的函数关系;
(3)是否存在这样一个时刻,此时以点D、F、E、B为顶点的四边形是菱形,如果存在,求出相应的t的值;如果不存在,请说明理由.
28.(本小题满分14分)
如图,抛物线y=-x2+mx+n与x轴分别交于点A(4,0),B(-2,0),与y轴交于点C.
(1)求该抛物线的解析式;
(2)M为第一象限内抛物线上一动点,点M在何处时,△ACM的面积最大;
(3)在抛物线的对称轴上是否存在这样的点P,使得△PAC为直角三角形?若存在,请求出所有可能点P的坐标;若不存在,请说明理由.
备用图
海安县2013年九年级学业水平测试
数学参考答案
一、选择题(本大题共10小题,每小题3分,共30分)
1.A 2.C 3.A 4.D 5.B
6.A 7.D 8.D 9.B 10.C
二、填空题(本大题共8小题,每小题3分,共24分)
11.x(x+3); 12.24; 13.2<x<6; 14.7;
15.π; 16.(-,); 17.528; 18.
三、解答题(本大题共10小题,共96分.请在答题卡指定区域内作答,解答时应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤)
19.(1)原式=3-1+1-4 4分
=-1; 5分
(2)原式= 4分
=ab. 5分
20.原式= 3分
==. 6分
取0和1以外的任何数. 8分
21.(1)这次调查的家长人数为400人,图略(注:反对人数280人); 3分
(2)36°; 6分
(3)反对中学生带手机的大约有4550名家长. 9分
22.(1)连接OD,∵OB=OD,∠ADO=∠PBD.
又∵∠PDA=∠PBD,∴∠PBD=∠BDO,∴∠PBD=∠BDO.
又∵AB是⊙O直径,∴∠ADB=90°.即∠ADO+∠BDO=90°,
∴∠ADO+∠PDA=90°,即OD⊥PD,∴PD是⊙O的切线. 3分
(2)∵∠BDE=60°,∠ODE=90°,∴∠BDO=30°,
∵∠ADO+∠BDO=90°,∴∠ADO=60°.
∴△AOD是等边三角形.故∠POD=60°,∵OD⊥PD,∴∠P=30°,则PD=2DO.
在Rt△POD中,设OD=AO=x,则,
∴,解得,(不合题意,舍去),
∴AO=1,PO=2,PA=PO-AO=1. 8分
23.解:过P作PC⊥AB于C点,根据题意,得
AB=18×=6,∠PAB=90°-60°=30°,
∠PBC=90°-45°=45°,∠PCB=90°,
∴PC=BC. 3分
在Rt△PAC中,tan30°=,
即,解得PC=. 7分
∵>6,∴海轮不改变方向继续前进无触礁危险. 8分
24.解:(1)∵直线与双曲线相交于A(-1,a)、B两点,
∴B点横坐标为1,即C(1,0)
∵△AOC的面积为1,∴A(-1,1)
将A(-1,1)代入,可得m=-1,n=-1. 5分
(2)设直线AC的解析式为y=kx+b
∵y=kx+b经过点A(-1,1)、C(1,0)
∴ 解得k=-,b=.
∴直线AC的解析式为y=-x+. 8分
25.(1); 3分
(2); 6分
(3). 9分
26.解:(1)∵ABCD为菱形,∴AB=BC.
∵AB=AC,∴△ABC为等边三角形.
∴∠B=∠CAB=60°.
又∵AE=BF,AB=AC,
∴△ABF≌△CAE. 5分
(2)答:HD平分∠AHC.
理由:过点D作DG⊥CH于点G,作DK⊥FA交FA的延长线于点K,
∵△ABF≌△CAE.∴∠BAF=∠CAE,∵∠BAF+∠CAF=60°,∴∠CAE+∠CAF=60°,
∴∠AHC=120°,∵∠ADC=60°,∴∠HAD+∠HCD=180°,
∵∠HAD+∠KAD=180°,∴∠HCD=∠KAD,
∵AD=CD,∠DGC=∠AKD=90°,∴△ADK≌△CDG,
∴DK=DG,∵DG⊥CH,DK⊥FA,∴HD平分∠AHC. 10分
27.(1)∵直线y=-x+8分别交x轴、y轴于点B、点A,
∴OB=6,OA=8,
则AD=t,BE=t,BD=10-t,
∵△BDE与△BAO具有公共角∠ABO.
∴当或时两三角形相似.
即或,解得t=5或.
∴当t为5或时,△BDE与△BAO相似. 3分
(2)①当点D在线段AB上时,
∵DF⊥OA,BO⊥AO,∴DF∥BE,∴△ADF∽△ABO,
∴DF∶BO=AD∶AB=AF∶OA,∴DF=,AF=,
∴BE=DF,∴四边形DFEB为平行四边形,S△DEF=S△BEF=SDFEB,
∴四边形OFDE的面积等于△BOF的面积,
∴s=BO·OF=×6×(8-)=24-(0<t≤10). 5分
②当点D在AB的延长线上时,四边形OEFD为梯形,
s=(OE+DF)·OF=×(-6+)×=(t>10) 7分
(3)①当点D在线段AB上时,已知四边形DFEB为平行四边形,只需保证BD=BE,即可保证四边形DFEB是菱形,即10-t=,解得t=. 9分
②当点D在AB的延长线上时,易证四边形BEFD为平行四边形,只需保证BD=BE,即可保证四边形DFEB是菱形,即t-10=,解得t=25. 11分
综上所述,当t的值为或25时,以点D、F、E、B为顶点的四边形是菱形. 12分
28.(1)∵y=-x2+mx+n与x轴分别交于点A(4,0),B(-2,0),
∴ 解得
∴抛物线的解析式为y=-x2+2x+8. 4分
(2)设M坐标为(a,-a 2+2a+8),其中a>0.
∵抛物线与y轴交于点C,∴C(0,8).
∵A(4,0),C(0,8).∴直线AC的解析式为y=-2x+8.
过点M作x轴的垂线,交AC于N,则N的坐标为(a,-2a+8).
∴△ACM的面积=△MNC的面积+△AMN的面积
=-a 2+4a.
=-(a-2)2+4
当a=2,即M坐标为(2,8)时,△ACM的面积最大,最大面积为4. 8分
(3)①当∠ACP=90°时,点P的坐标为(1,9.5); 9分
②当∠CAP=90°时,点P的坐标为(1,-1.5); 10分
③当∠APC=90°时,点P的坐标为(1,4+)或(1,4-). 14分
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C2013年海安县模拟试卷考试
物 理
第Ⅰ卷(选择题 共20分)
第Ⅰ卷共10小题,每小题2分,共20分.每小题给出的四个选项中只有一个选项正确,答案请按要求填涂在答题卡上.
1.下列关于声现象的几种说法,正确的是( )
A.超声波和次声波都不能在空气中传播
B.禁止鸣喇叭属于阻断噪声传播
C.二胡和笛子演奏声的音色不同
D.在空气中,声速约为3108m/s
2.下列几种物质中导电能力最强的是( )
A.超导体   B.半导体    C.绝缘体   D.导体
3.下列说法中错误的是( )
A.固体很难被压缩说明分子间有斥力 B.磁铁能吸引大头针说明分子间有引力
C.原子核由质子和中子组成 D.香气袭人说明分子在永不停息地运动
4.运动员关节扭伤后,马上给他喷涂一种雾状的极易挥发的液态氯乙烷,用它作麻醉剂可使运动员的皮肤迅速冷却,在一段时间内失去疼痛感,这是由于氯乙烷
A.汽化吸热 B.凝固放热 C.熔化吸热 D.升华吸热
5.大翅鲸,体形肥大,成年大翅鲸的平均体长十二三米,质量二三十吨.请你估算成年大翅鲸的体积最接近于( )
A.3m3   B.3×101m3 C.3×102m3   D.3×103m3
6.由下列几个实例联想到的物理知识,其中错误的是( )
A.“孤掌难鸣”,表明力是物体对物体的作用
B.静止在水平桌面上的杯子的重力和它对桌面的压力是一对平衡力
C.点心师傅将包子皮上捏出漂亮的花边,是力改变了物体的形状
D.把鸡蛋往碗沿上一磕,鸡蛋就破了,说明力的作用是相互的
7.用已经调节好的天平称某物体的质量,天平指针位于分度盘中央位置时,右盘内的砝码有50g、10g和5g各一个,游码的位置如图所示,该物体的质量为( )
A.65.4g B.67.2g
C.67.4g D.67.6g
8.让平行光经过透镜,在光屏上得到一个最小的光斑(如图),小明用此透镜做“探究透镜成像规律”的实验.下列说法中正确的是( )
A.物体距透镜20cm时,成缩小的实像
B.物体距透镜15cm时,成放大的虚像
C.物体距透镜25cm时,成放大的实像
D.物体从距透镜20cm处远离透镜时,所成的像逐渐变小
9.寒冷的冬天,室外的水缸、河面都结冰了,而腌咸鸭蛋的盐水却没有结冰.同学们针对这一现象,提出下列几个问题,其中较有价值又可进行探究的问题是( )
A.为什么盐水的凝固点比纯水低?
B.为什么盐水温度降低后也会结冰?
C.盐水的凝固点和含盐量之间有什么关系?
D.盐水中含盐量越高其凝固点越低.
10.如图所示电路中,R为定值电阻.闭合开关后,当滑片P在某两点之间滑动时,电流表的示数变化范围是0.5 A ~1.5A,电压表的示数变化范围是3 V ~6V.小丽通过推算,得出四个结论,其中不正确的是( )
A.变阻器连入电路的电阻变化范围为2Ω~12Ω
B.定值电阻R的阻值为3Ω
C.实验中R两端的电压变化范围为1.5V~4.5V
D.电路消耗的总功率的变化范围约为2.75W~11.25W
第Ⅱ卷(非选择题 共70分)
第Ⅱ卷共11小题,计70分,请按要求回答.
26.光纤通信是利用 (电磁波/超声波)在光导纤维中 (反射/折射/直线传播),实现信息传输的,它具有传输信息量大、不受外界电磁场干扰和 等优点.
27.在探究液体内部压强与深度、密度关系的实验中.小明选择了几种不同的液体,把压强计的金属盒放在液体中测量压强的大小.由图可知,金属盒的_______相同,目的是探究液体压强与_______的关系.
28.如图所示,用滑轮组拉着重900N的物体A沿水平方向匀速移动,在40s内移动了8m,拉力F所做的功为1280J.则:
(1)拉力的大小为_________N,功率为_________W.
(2)不计绳重及绳子与滑轮间的摩擦,若滑轮组的机械效率为95%.则动滑轮的重力为__________N.
29.某自动恒温箱的控制电路如图甲(a、b端所控制的加热电路未画出).箱内电阻Rl=5kΩ,R2为热敏电阻,其阻值随温度变化的图像如图乙所示,电源电压为12 V.当a、b间的电压Uab小于2.4 V时,恒温箱内的电热丝通电加热;当a、b间的电压Uab大于3 V时,电热丝停止加热.
(1)a、b间的电压Uab等于2.4 V时,控制电路中的电流为________mA,热敏电阻R2的阻值为__________kΩ.
(2)恒温箱内的温度范围为_____℃到_____℃.
30.小明探究物质熔化和沸腾的实验如图甲所示.今把20g某种固体碾碎后放入试管中,插入温度计,再将试管放在装有水的烧杯中加热.根据实验数据画出的图像如图乙所示.根据图像回答问题:
(1)这种物质是__________(选填“晶体”或“非晶体”).你判断的依据:___________
(2)这种物质的沸点是_________℃.
(3)实验中,热从火焰传递给水,却不会反过来传递,说明能量的转移具有 性.
(4)这种物质的液态比热容c=3×103J/(kg·℃),从熔点升高到沸点吸热________J.实验结束时,小明发现从开始加热到实验结束的10min内消耗酒精约5g.请估算出这种装置能量的转化效率约为_________%.(酒精的热值3.0×107J/kg,估算结果保留整数)
(5)小明还发现,液体沸腾的过程中如果撤去酒精灯,试管中液体会继续沸腾片刻.其原因是______________.
31.(6分)按要求完成下列各图.
(1)画出作用在“开瓶起子”上动力F1的力臂和阻力F2的示意图.(2)如图所示,一束光射向一块玻璃砖.画出这束光进入玻璃和离开玻璃后的径迹.(3)当给螺线管通电时,小磁针N极的指向如图所示.试在图中标出螺线管的极性及电流方向.
32.(9分)十多天前海安县的体育中考顺利结束.跳绳考试时,小丽同学在规定的时间内,连续跳跃150次,获得跳绳项目的满分.已知小丽的质量为45kg,每只鞋底与地面的接触面积为150cm2,跳绳的平均高度为5cm.(g取10N/kg)回答下列问题:
(1)小丽站在操场上等待跳绳考试时,对地面的压力和压强各为多大?
(2)小丽跳绳过程所做的功和跳绳的平均功率各为多少?
33.(10分)在课外科技活动中,小宇设想了两种饮水机加热电路的方案.
方案1:如图甲,R1、R2为电加热管,都安装在加热水槽内;
方案2:如图乙,R1是电加热管,安装在加热水槽内,R2为定值电阻,安装在加热水槽外面.
电路中S是一个温控开关,当水槽内水温低于80℃时,它位于加热端,饮水机处于加热状态,水被迅速加热,温度达到95℃时,S自动切换到另一端,让饮水机处于保温状态.
小宇为它设计的饮水机制作了铭牌,铭牌上的主要技术参数如表所示.
额定电压 220V
加热功率 880W
保温功率 88 W
最高温度 95℃
加热效率 90%
回答问题:
(1)请对两个电路进行评估.设计合理的电路是_______(甲/乙).简述其理由.理由:____________________________________________________________________________
(2)如果饮水机的结构如图乙,从开始通电到水温升到最高,所用时间10min.则消耗的电能为_________J,水的内能增加了_______J.
(3)如果饮水机的结构如图甲.加热管R1的电阻是多大?加热管R2的阻值是多大?
(4)为了显示是加热还是保温,小宇在图中的适当位置串联了两个指针灯,用红色表示正在对水加热,绿色表示保温.请你在甲图安装绿灯的位置处,画出灯泡的符号.
34.(8分)小明同学用电压表、电流表测量小灯泡电功率的实验,已知电源电压3V,灯泡上标有“2.5V”的字样.
(1)小明连接了如图所示的实验电路,检查后发现有一根导线连接有错误.请你在这根导线上打“×”,并用笔画线代替导线,画出正确的连线.
(2)电路改正后,闭合开关,小明发现灯泡不亮,电流表的示数为零,电压表有示数,取下灯泡,两表的示数仍不变.其故障可能是 ____ .
(3)故障排除后,小明闭合开关,将滑片向 移动到某个位置时,电压表示数为2V,为了使小灯泡正常发光,又需将滑片向 移动.(填 左/右)
(4)小灯泡正常发光时,电流表的示数如图所示.则小灯泡正常发光的电流为______A,额定功率为_______W,滑动变阻器连入电路的电阻________Ω.
35.(7分)在观察“磁场对通电直导线的作用”活动中,小明按照图示组装实验器材.
(1)小明把一根轻质的铝棒作为直导线放在蹄形磁体的磁场里,接通电源,看到直导线向左运动.说明磁场对通电导线有________的作用.
(2)若只将磁体的两极对调,接通电源,观察到直导线向________(选填“左”或“右”)运动.
(3)观察“磁场对通电直导线的作用”活动后.小明提出:磁场对通电导线作用力的大小与什么因素有关?
思考后认为可能影响磁场对电流作用的因素有:直导线的长度、磁场的强弱和导线的电流大小.
请在图中器材的基础上,添加适当的器材,设计一个简单实验,探究磁场中通电导线作用力大小与导线中电流的大小是否有关.
简要做法:_____________________________________
如何判断:_____________________________________
36.(9分)我国自行设计的“蛟龙号”载人潜水器(如图甲)完成下潜深度7000m的深海潜试,标志着我国成为第五个掌握大深度载人深潜技术的国家.蛟龙号带有适当数量的压载铁,通过改变压载铁的数量,来控制其下沉或上浮.蛟龙号工作时,开始因压载铁的数量较多,浮力小于重力而下沉.到达工作区后,抛掉部分压载铁,使其浮力接近于重力,减小螺旋桨的工作压力.工作结束后,抛掉所有的压载铁,蛟龙号这时浮力大于重力而上升.
“蛟龙号”的电源是由多节充油银锌蓄电池串联而成.这种电源的“比能量”约为14kW.h/kg,“比能量”是指电池单位质量所输出的电能.这种蓄电池的放电电压随时间的变化规律如图,可以用60A的电流连续放电13h.
(1)加速下沉的“蛟龙号”,若在经过某一密度均匀的海水区域时,迅速抛掉部分压载铁,使其所受浮力等于重力,不计水的阻力,则其将( )
A.继续加速下沉 B.减速下沉 C.匀速下沉 D.立即静止
(2)在深海工作区内,“蛟龙号”以2km/h的速度水平巡航到1000m外的另一个工作区需要_______h.
(3)“蛟龙号”的体积约为20m3,深海工作区海水的密度为1.06×103kg/m3.则“蛟龙号”在工作区所受的浮力为多少N?“蛟龙号”的质量约为多少kg (g取10N/kg)
(4)“蛟龙号”工作时,需要的总能量约为112kW.h.则其电源的质量约为__________kg,为了对“蛟龙号”正常供电,串联的蓄电池不得少于_________节.
初三物理调研考试参考答案
第Ⅰ卷共10小题,每小题2分,共20分.
1.C 2.A 3.B 4.A 5.B 6.B 7.C 8.D 9.C 10.D
第Ⅱ卷共11小题,计70分,请按要求回答.
26.电磁波;反射;通信质量高(或能量损耗少)
27.深度;液体密度
28.(1)80;32 (2)8
29.(1)0.48;20 (2)20;30
30.(1)晶体;熔化过程温度不变(2分) (2)90 (3)方向
(4)2.4×103 ;8 (5)烧杯中的水继续给它加热(2分)
(说明:26~30题,其它每空1分,共21分)
31.(1)动力F1的力臂和阻力F2的示意图各1分,(F1的力臂必须是O到F1的垂直距离,阻力F2的作用点在“开瓶起子”的下齿上,大小明显大于F1).
(2)有法线,光的传播方向基本上符合折射规律就得1分,离开的光束和射向玻璃的光束看起来平行,再得1分.
(3)极性和电流方向各1分.
(说明:每图2分,共6分)
32.(9分)(1) 压力 (2分)
压强 (2分)
(4)跳一次所做的功 (2分)
跳绳过程中所做的功 (1分)
功率(2分)
33.(10分)(1)甲;甲图所示的电路,保温状态时,电阻R1、R2消耗的电能都用于水的保温.乙图所示的电路,保温状态时,只有电阻R1消耗的电能用于水的保温,定值电阻R2消耗的电能没有得到利用.(学生若能说明“乙图,因R1远小于R2,R2消耗的电能远多于R1,保温时能量的转化效率很低”、“保温状态时,甲图的能量的转化率远高于乙图”更好).(2分)
(2); (各1分)
(3)加热管R1的电阻 (2分)
保温时总电阻 (1分)
加热管R2的阻值 (1分)
(4)位置正确(1分)
34.(8分)(1)打“×”、画线各一分
(2)灯泡断路
(3)左 、左
(4)0.26;0.65;1.9
(以上每空1分)
35.(7分)(1)力;右(各1分)
(2)在图所示的电路中串联一个滑动变阻器,移动变阻器的滑片,改变导线中电流的大小,观察通电导线摆动的幅度(3分)
比较通电导线摆动的幅度,以此判断磁场对通电导线作用力大小与导线中电流的大小是否有关(2分)
36.(9分)(1)C(2分) (2)0.5 (1分)
(3)浮力(2分)
在工作区时浮力接近于重力,则有质量(2分)
(4)8;90(各1分)
海安县2013届九年级学业水平测试(一模)
化学试题
可能用到的相对原子质量:H-1 C-12 O-16 N-14 Na-23 Cl-35.5 Ca-40 Ag-108
第Ⅰ卷(选择题 共40分)
第Ⅰ卷共20小题,每小题2分,共40分。每小题给出的四个选项中只有一个选项正确。第1至10题为物理试题,第11至20题为化学试题.答案请按要求填涂在答题卡上。
11.糖类俗称“碳水化合物”,下列食物中富含“碳水化合物”的是
A.鸡肉 B.米饭 C.苹果 D.菜油
12.某大型钢铁企业下属4家工厂,其中利用化学变化制造产品的工厂是
A.炼钢厂(铁矿石冶炼成钢) B.棒材厂(钢锭抽拉成钢棒)
C.带钢厂(钢锭压延成钢带) D.模具厂(钢铁熔化注模制成机件)
13.下列关于资源、材料、能源的说法中错误是
A.海水中蕴藏着大量的化学资源 B.钢铁是使用最多的金属材料
C.玻璃钢是生活中常见复合材料 D.沼气和天然气都是可再生能源
14.鉴别日常生活中的下列各组物质,两种方法均正确的是
A.硬水和软水:滴加食盐水或加热蒸发
B.甲烷和一氧化碳:滴加澄清石灰水或观察颜色
C.真黄金和假黄金(铜锌合金):灼烧或用铜片刻画
D.氧气和二氧化碳:滴加酚酞溶液或伸入燃着的木条
15.下列有关水的说法中,正确的是
A.水结成冰后,水分子间的间隔变大 B.电解水时,正极端会产生较多氢气
C.水中含有2个氢原子和1个氧原子 D.硝酸铵固体溶水时,溶液温度上升
16.实验证明C2O3的化学性质与CO相似。下列关于C2O3的说法错误的是
A.C2O3属于非金属氧化物 B.C2O3中碳元素的质量分数为33.3%
C.C2O3有毒,密度比空气小 D.C2O3不可以使澄清石灰水变浑浊
17.下列关于右图装置的说法中,正确的是
A.该装置中的仪器a是长颈漏斗
B.该装置使用前无需检查气密性
C.该装置可用于实验室制取氧气
D.该装置常用于实验室制取二氧化碳
18.物质与水发生的复分解反应称为水解反应,如:Al2S3+6H2O=2Al(OH)3↓+3H2S↑。下列反应中,不属于水解反应的是
A.NaF + H2O = NaOH + HF B.C + H2O(气态) CO + H2
C.Mg3N2 + 6H2O = 3Mg(OH)2 + 2NH3 D.CaO2 + 2H2O = Ca(OH)2 + H2O2
19.20℃时,将等质量的甲、乙两种固体物质(不含结晶水),分别加入到盛有100g水的烧杯中,充分搅拌后现象如图1,加热到50℃时现象如图2,甲、乙两种物质的溶解度曲线如图3。
则下列说法中正确的是
A.图1中乙的溶液一定是不饱和溶液 B.图2中两溶液中溶质质量分数一定相等
C.图3中N表示的是甲的溶解度曲线 D.图2中两溶液降温至30℃都会析出晶体
20.一定条件下,在一个密闭容器内发生某反应,测得反应前后各物质的质量如下图所示。
下列关于以上反应的说法中,正确的是
A.X的值为44 B.W由碳、氢两种元素组成
C.该反应属于置换反应 D.W中碳、氢元素质量比为4∶1
第Ⅱ卷(非选择题 共110分)
第Ⅱ卷共16小题,共110分。第21至25题为化学试题,第26至36题为物理试题。答案请按要求填涂在答题卡上。
21.(7分)依图填空:
⑴硫离子的符号为 ▲ ,硫酸钠的化学式为 ▲ ;
⑵从原子结构上分析,图中钙、镁元素具有相似化学性质的主要原因是 ▲ ;
⑶生石灰(由图中某两种元素组成)常用作干燥剂,该干燥剂的吸水原理是 ▲ (用化学方程式表示);
⑷碘元素是人体必需的 ▲ (填“常量”或“微量”)元素,它处于元素周期表中的第 ▲
周期;由图中钙、碘、氧三种元素组成的碘酸钙[Ca(IO3)2]中,碘元素显 ▲ 价。
22.(7分)在FeCl3溶液蚀刻铜箔制造电路板的工艺中,废液(主要含有FeCl2和CuCl2)处理和资源回收的过程简述如下:
I:向废液中投入过量铁屑,充分反应后分离出固体和滤液;
II:向滤液中加入一定量石灰水,调节溶液pH,同时鼓入足量的空气。
试回答下列问题:
⑴过程I加入铁屑的主要作用是 ▲ ;试写出其对应的化学方程式: ▲ ;
⑵从固体中分离出铜需采用的方法是 ▲ ;
⑶滤液中溶质主要为 ▲ (写出化学式);已知过程II生成的最终产物为Fe(OH)3,则Fe(OH)2与氧气和水反应的化学方程式为: ▲ 。
23.(12分)运用分类法进行学习和研究,能够收到事半功倍的效果。李聪同学对A~R等18种物进行分类并列出下表。请你依表填空:
列号 ① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥
物质的化学式 A.O2B.CC.Fe D.HClE.H2SO4F.CH3COOH G.H2OH.CO2I.CO J.NH3·H2OK.×××L.××× M.C3H7NO2N.(C6H10O5)nO.××× P.NaClQ.(NH4)2SO4R.KNO3
⑴第①列中的C在A中燃烧时的主要现象是: ▲ ,实验室催化分解液体药品制取A的化学反应方程式是 ▲ ;
⑵第②列中的 ▲ (填“D”或“E”或“F”)还能列入第⑤列中,它的水溶液能使紫色石蕊溶液变红,原因是其溶液中含有 ▲ (填写微粒的符号);
⑶第③列中的G和H都是绿色植物光合作用的原料,绿色植物的光合作用除生成氧气外,还能生成第⑤列中的 ▲ (填“M”或“N”);此列中I是高炉炼铁的还原剂,其与氧化铁发生的化学反应方程式为 ▲ ;
⑷第④列中的K和L的俗名之一分别是消石灰和苛性钠,它们和J都属于 ▲ (填“酸”或“碱”或“盐”)类物质,其中K溶液能与第②列中D溶液发生复分解反应,从微观角度分析,此反应的本质是 ▲ ;L置于空气会变质,为证明其已经部分变质,小纯设计的实验案如下:
取L的样品于试管中,加入适量蒸馏水制成溶液,先向其中加入足量的CaCl2溶液,静置,再向上层溶液中滴加酚酞溶液,观察并记录实验现象。
此实验方案中,“足量的CaCl2溶液”所起的作用是 ▲ ;
⑸第⑤列中的O是实验室常用液体燃料,其完全燃烧的化学方程式为 ▲ ;
⑹第⑥列中的Q和R均可用作化肥。Q溶液能与氯化钡溶液发生反应,其符合复分解反应发生的条件是 ▲ ;R这样的化肥叫做 ▲ (填“氮肥”或“磷肥”或“钾肥”或“复合肥料”)。
24.(10分)珍珠粉以其良好的养颜等功效,获得消费者喜爱。资料显示:珍珠中含碳酸钙80—93%、蛋白质4—14%、水份2—4%、十几种氨基酸、28种微量元素。然而一些不法分子用回收的贝壳加上工业用氢氧化钠配制的药水进行清洗、晾晒以后直接加工销售,其主要成分是:碳酸钙,及少量残留氢氧化钠。以下是某化学兴趣小组设计辨别真假珍珠,并测定珍珠中碳酸钙含量的实验探究方案。
【探究一】辨别市售珍珠真与假。
将其分别溶于水,充分搅拌、静置,测定上层清液的pH;若pH ▲ 7(填“>”或“<”或“=”)为假珍珠,理由是 ▲ 。
【探究二】测定珍珠中碳酸钙含量。
小王用图1所示装置测定该珍珠粉中碳酸钙的含量。实验方案如下:
⑴检查装置气密性:按图1连接装好置后,将注射器活塞(不考虑
活塞的摩擦和自重,下同)从刻度1mL处向上拉至刻度20mL处,
▲ (填操作和现象),则气密性良好;
⑵在图1异型装置左管内装入1.1g 上述珍珠粉样品,右管内倒入一定量的稀盐酸,注射器(规格为250mL)活塞推到底部,再次连接装置;
⑶设法使左右两管内的药品混合,反应结束后读取注射器读数为220mL;
⑷数据处理:计算得该珍珠粉中碳酸钙的质量分数为 ▲ 。[ρ〔CO2〕=2g/L,结果保留小数点后1位]
【实验思考】
⑴此实验中的反应原理是 ▲ (用化学方程式表示);
⑵考虑注射器因素,该实验方案对珍珠粉的用量多少是否必须作要求? ▲ ;
⑶【探究二】中的第⑶步,混合两种药品的方法是 ▲ ;
⑷该实验装置设计上的优点在于 ▲ (写出1点即可)。
25.(4分)普通食盐的主要成份是NaCl和杂质,假设杂质不溶于水、受热不分解、与AgNO3不反应。王华同学测定普通食盐样品中氯化钠的质量分数时所进行的实验操作流程和实验数据如下图所示。
(实验中发生的化学反应方程式为:AgNO3 + NaCl = AgCl↓+ NaNO3)
请你完成空格和计算:
⑴王华进行操作1的目的是 ▲ _;
⑵求算样品中氯化钠的质量分数。(结果保留小数点后1位)
21.⑴ _______________ , ______________________;
⑵ _________________________________;
⑶ ________________________________________________;
⑷ ___________ ; _____________ , ___________。
22.⑴ _______________ , _________________________________________________;
⑵ _________________________________;
⑶ _______________ ; _________________________________________________;
23.⑴ ______________________________________ ;______________________________;
⑵ ______________ , _______________;
⑶ __________________;___________________________________________________;
⑷ ________ ,___________________________ ; ______________________________;
⑸ ________________________________________________;
⑹ _______________ , ________________________________________________。
24.【探究一】辨别市售珍珠真与假。
_____________ , _______________________________________________________;
【探究二】测定珍珠中碳酸钙含量。
⑴__________________________________________________,⑷ ________。
【实验反思】
⑴ ___________________________________________;
⑵ ____________________________________________________________________;
⑶ ____________________________________________________________________;
⑷ ____________________________________________________________________。
25.⑴ __________________;

参考答案与评分标准
11-20题每题2分,共20分
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
B A D C A C C B B D
21.(7分)⑴ S2- (1分) Na2SO4(1分)⑵ 它们原子核外的最外层电子数相同(1分)
⑶CaO + H2O= Ca(OH)2 (1分) ⑷ 微量(1分) 五(或5)(1分) +5 (1分)
22.(7分)⑴回收铜(1分) Fe+CuCl2=FeCl2+Cu(1分)⑵加盐酸反应后过滤(2分)
⑶FeCl2(1分)4Fe(OH)2+O2+2H2O=4Fe(OH)3(2分)
23.(12分)⑴剧烈燃烧,火星四射,生成黑色固体(1分)2H2O2 2H2O+O2↑(1分)
⑵F(1分)H+(1分)⑶N(1分) 3CO + Fe2O3 2Fe + 3CO2(1分)
⑷碱(1分)氢氧根离子(OH-)与氢离子(H+)结合生成水分子(H2O)或OH-+H+=H2O(1分)检验并完全除尽样品溶液中的碳酸钠(1分)
⑸C2H5OH +3O22CO2 +3H2O(1分)
⑹相互交换成分时,生成物中有沉淀(或生成物中有沉淀)(1分)复合肥料(1分)
24.(10分)【探究一】> (1分) 假珍珠中残留氢氧化钠使得溶液呈碱性(1分)
【探究二】⑴松开注射器活塞,活塞重新回到1mL刻度处(2分)⑷ 90.9%(2分)
【实验反思】⑴CaCO3 + 2HCl = CaCl2 + H2O + CO2↑(1分)
⑵需要。若珍珠粉用量太大,生成CO2气体的体积超过注射器容量限制,则无法测量。(1分)
⑶将异型装置向左倾斜,使稀盐酸流入左边管内。(1分)
⑷方便操作和测量气体的体积(或防止酸与珍珠粉混合时出现冲塞现象等)(1分)
25.(4分)⑴干燥沉淀2(1分)
⑵解:AgNO3      +   NaCl  = AgCl↓ + NaNO3
 170       58.5
   200g×17.0%=34.0g   m(NaCl) (1分)
171/58.5=34.0g/m(NaCl) ,解之得:m(NaCl)=11.7g(1分)
样品中:ω(NaCl)=11.7g/12g×100%=97.5%(1分)
   答:样品中氯化钠的质量分数为97.5%。
注:本试卷中合理答案均给分
0g
1
2
3
4
第7题
第8题
第10题
第27题
第28题

R/kΩ

R1
R2
a
b
第29题
第30题
第31题
出水口
水槽
220V
S
R1 R2
进水口
出水口
水槽
220V
S
R1
进水口
R2
甲 乙
第33题
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0
1
2
3
A
- 0.6 3
第34题
-
0.6

A
3
3

V
15
电池组
+
第35题
第35题
蛟龙号示意图
t/h
U/V
0
1.75
1.6
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
a
图1
250mL
注射器
洗涤
操作1
溶液2
沉淀2
过滤
静置
浊液
加入足量水
样品
12g
滴入17.0%的AgNO3溶液至200g时,沉淀恰好不再产生
溶液1+沉淀1
沉淀2
29g

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