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上海市七校2012-2013学年高一5月阶段检测化学试题
考试时间 90分钟 满分100分
相对原子质量：Mg－24 Al－27
一、选择题（共50分）（每小题均有一个正确选项）
1．某些化学仪器上有一定的标记。在容量瓶上无需有的标记是……………………（ ）。
（A）标线 （B）温度 （C）浓度 （D）容量
2．人工固氮为粮食丰产奠定了基础。下面能实现人工固氮的是……………………（ ）。
（A）闪电 （B）由氨制硝酸 （C）大豆的根瘤 （D）合成氨工厂
3．化学反应速率最主要取决于…………………………………………………………（ ）。
（A）是否使用催化剂 （B）反应物的性质
（C）反应的温度 （D）反应的压强
4．香烟烟雾中往往含有CO和SO2气体，下列关于这两种气体的说法正确的是…（ ）。
（A）两者都易溶于水 （B）两者都污染环境，危害健康
（C）两者都能使品红溶液褪色 （D）两者都是形成酸雨的主要原因
5．下列物质中，能在X射线透视肠胃时用作“钡餐”的是…………………………（ ）。
（A）BaSO4 （B）BaCO3 （C）BaCl2 （D）NaCl
6．已知反应：①在1000K，1.01×106 Pa条件下，X(g)Y(g)＋Z(g)；②500K，1.01×106 Pa条件下，M(g)E(g)＋F(g)。它们的反应速率关系是………………（ ）。
（A）①＜② （B）①＞② （C）①＝② （D）无法确定
7．为进一步提高合成氨的生产能力，科研中最有开发价值的是……………………（ ）。
（A）研制高温下活性较大的催化剂
（B）寻求氮气的新
（C）研制低温下活性较大的催化剂
（D）研制耐高温和高压的新材料建造合成塔
8．实验室装有浓硫酸的试剂瓶应贴有的安全使用标志是……………………………（ ）。

9．学好自然科学知识是改造自然的基础。自然科学知识告诉我们，物质的能量越低，该物质越稳定。下列含氮物质中，能量最低的是…………………………………………（ ）。
（A）氨气 （B）氮气
（C）一氧化氮 （D）硝酸
10．将浓硫酸和稀硫酸在实验室中分别敞口放置。它们的质量和放置天数的关系如右图，分析a、b曲线变化的原因是……………………………………………………（ ）。
（A）a挥发、b吸水
（B）a升华、b冷凝
（C）a蒸发、b潮解
（D）a冷凝、b吸水
11．全社会都在倡导诚信，然而总是有一部分不法商贩却在背道而驰。如有些商贩为了使银耳增白，就用硫磺（燃烧硫磺）对银耳进行熏制，用这种方法制取的洁白的银耳对人体是有害的。这些不法商贩所制取的银耳是利用了……………………………………（ ）。
（A）S的漂白性 （B）S的还原性
（C）SO2的漂白性 （D）SO2的还原性
12．将纯水加热至较高温度，下列叙述正确的是………………………………………（ ）。
（A）水的离子积变大、pH变小、呈酸性 （B）水的离子积不变、pH不变、呈中性
（C）水的离子积变小、pH变大、呈碱性 （D）水的离子积变大、pH变小、呈中性
13．已知气体的相对分子质量越小，扩散速度越快。浓硫酸没有挥发性，浓氨水和浓盐酸都具有很强的挥发性，浓氨水会挥发出氨气，浓盐酸会挥发出氯化氢。下图所示为气体扩散速度的试验，两种气体扩散相遇时形成白色烟环。下列关于物质甲、乙的判断正确的是………………………………………………………………………………………（ ）。
（A）甲是浓氨水，乙是浓硫酸
（B）甲是浓盐酸，乙是浓氨水
（C）甲是浓氨水，乙是浓盐酸　　
（D）甲是浓硫酸，乙是浓氨水
14．将A g块状碳酸钙跟足量盐酸反应，反应物损失的质量随时间的变化曲线如下图的实线所示，在相同的条件下，将A g粉末状碳酸钙与同浓度的足量盐酸反应，则相应的曲线（图中虚线所示）正确的是………………………………………………………………（ ）。
15．利用原料气在合成塔中合成NH3，为加快正反应速率，且提高N2的转化率所采取的措施是………………………………………………………………………………………（ ）。
（A）加压 （B）移走氨气 （C）使用催化剂 （D）充入N2
16．去西藏等高原而患脑水肿的患者吸入低浓度NO气体30分钟后即可清醒。但NO也因污染空气而“臭名昭著”，作为现代化城市引起的NO气体污染其主要 是…（ ）。
（A）铜和稀硝酸反应 （B）氮气和氧气发生反应
（C）二氧化氮气体溶于水 （D）氨的催化氧化
17．下列装置所示的实验中，能达到实验目的的是……………………………………（ ）。
18．下列物质中，和氢硫酸反应，但不能产生沉淀的是…………………………………（ ）。
（A）Pb(NO3)2溶液 （B）Na2S洛液 　（C）CuSO4溶液　（D）稀H2SO4
19．下列溶液：①澄清石灰水；②酸性高锰酸钾溶液；③氯化钡溶液；④品红溶液。能用来区别SO2和CO2气体的是……………………………………………………………（ ）。
（A）①③ （B）②③ （C）①② （D）②④
20．一种盐X与烧碱混合共热，可放出无色气体Y，Y经一系列氧化后的产物再溶于水可得Z溶液，Y和Z溶液反应又可生成X，则盐X是……………………………………（ ）。
（A）(NH4)2SO4 （B）NH4Cl （C）NH4NO3　 （D）NH4HCO3
21．贮满干燥的某种气体的试管倒置于盛水的水槽中，轻轻振荡，水可以充满试管。该气体不可能是………………………………………………………………………………（ ）。
（A）HCl （B）NO2 （C）SO2 （D）NH3
22．由一种阳离子与两种酸根离子组成的盐称为混盐。根据你已有的知识，分析下列不属于混盐的是………………………………………………………………………………（ ）。
（A）Na4S2O3 （B）CaOCl2 （C）KAl(SO4)2 （D）Ca(NO3)Cl
23．亚氯酸钠（NaClO2）是一种性能优良的漂白剂，但遇酸性溶液发生分解：5HClO2 4ClO2↑＋H＋＋Cl－＋2H2O。向亚氯酸钠溶液中加入盐酸，反应剧烈。若将盐酸改为硫酸，开始时反应缓慢，稍后一段时间产生气体速度较快，其原因可能是……（ ）。
（A）逸出ClO2使生成物浓度降低 （B）酸使亚氯酸的氧化性增强
（C）溶液中的H＋起催化作用 （D）溶液中的Cl－起催化作用
24．右图是硫酸试剂瓶标签上的部分内容。据此下列说法中，正确的是……………………………………………………（ ）。
（A）配制200 mL 4.6 mol/L的稀硫酸需取该硫酸50 mL
（B）1 mol Zn与足量的该硫酸反应产生2 g H2
（C）该硫酸可以用来干燥硫化氢气体
（D）若不小心将该硫酸溅到皮肤上，应立即用NaOH溶液冲洗
25．已知25%的A溶液的密度为ρ1，5%的A溶液的密度为ρ2，若将上述两种溶液等体积混合后，所得A溶液的质量分数小于15%，则下列关于ρ1和ρ2关系的表达正确的是………………………………………………………………（ ）。
（A）ρ1＜ρ2 （B）ρ1＝ρ2 （C）ρ1＞ρ2 （D）无法估算
二、填空题（共21分）
26．现有W、X、Y三种元素，其结构与性质的描述如下表：
元素编号
元素结构及性质信息
W
短周期元素，原子最外层有5个电子，液态单质常用于冷冻生命器官
X
最外层电子数与内层电子数之差为4，高空中该元素的某种单质具有阻挡紫外线的作用
Y
最外层电子数与X相同，单质燃烧后产生具有漂白性的气体
（1）写出X原子的结构示意图___________________；由W元素组成的单质的电子式__________________。
（2）用一个化学方程式表示X、Y的非金属性强弱：________________________。
（3）常温下，由1 g Y元素组成的单质与氢气反应，放出625 J热量，写出该反应的热化学方程式_________________________________________，从能量的角度分析，由0.5 g X元素组成的单质与氢气反应时，放出的热量____________（填“大于”、“小于”或“等于”）625 J。
?（4）在新疆与青海交界处有一狭长的山谷，当地牧民经常遇到在风和日丽的晴天顷刻间电闪雷鸣，狂风大作，人畜皆遭雷击而倒毙，被当地牧民称为“魔鬼谷”。奇怪的是这里牧草茂盛，四季长青。请用化学方程式表示“魔鬼谷”牧草茂盛的原因：
①_______________________________________________；
②_______________________________________________；
③_______________________________________________。
27．现有一盛有无色固体物质M的试剂瓶，标签已破损（见图）。已知硫酸、盐酸、硝酸等是强酸，碳酸、氢硫酸、亚硫酸、醋酸等是弱酸，烧碱、苛性钾等是强碱，一水合氨等是弱碱。由强酸与强碱组成的正盐呈中性，由强酸弱碱组成的正盐呈酸性，由弱酸强碱组成的正盐呈碱性。
（1）若M的水溶液为中性，则实验室检验M中阴离子的离子方程式为_____________________________________。
（2）若M的水溶液呈碱性，加入过量盐酸后产生无色无味的气体，则产生的气体的化学式为_______________。
（3）若M置于空气中易被氧化为另一种物质，生成物的摩尔质量比M增加了16，则M的化学式为_______________。
（4）若M的水溶液呈碱性，加入过量盐酸后产生腐卵臭气味的气体，则M与盐酸反应后生成的气体在过量空气中燃烧的化学方程式为________________________。
28．在一容积为2 L的密闭容器中，高温下发生下列反应：C(s)＋H2O(g)CO(g)＋H2(g)，其中H2O、CO的物质的量（mol）随时间（min）的变化曲线如右图所示：
（1）反应处于平衡状态的时间区间是_____________。
（2）若反应进行到2 min时，改变了温度，使曲线发生如右图所示的变化，则温度为______（选填“升高”或“降低”），逆反应是____________（选填“吸”或“放”）热反应。
（3）反应至5 min时，若也只改变了某一个条件，使曲线发生如图所示变化，该条件可能是下述中的_________________。
（A）增加了C （B）增加了水蒸气 （C）降低了温度 （D）增加了压强
三、实验题（共20分）
29．利用右图所示，根据以下8种气体回答：①H2；②O2；③CH4；④HCl；⑤NH3；⑥CO2；⑦H2S；⑧SO2。
（1）若烧瓶是干燥的，则由B口进气可收集的气体是___________，由A口进气可收集的气体是_____________。
（2）若在烧瓶内充满水，可收集的气体有______________，气体应从_____口进入。
（3）若在烧瓶中加入适量的浓硫酸，可以用它来干燥的气体有______________，气体应从__________口进入。
30．下图所示装置为铜跟浓硫酸反应制取二氧化硫的实验装置，请回答下列问题：
（1）在装置A中放入有关药品后，打开活塞K，将分液漏斗中的液体加入烧瓶中，关闭分液漏斗的活塞，点燃酒精灯，烧瓶中反应的化学方程式为__________________ ______________________________。
（2）装置D中试管口放置的棉花中应浸有一种液体，这种液体是______________溶液，其作用是_________________________________________。
（3）装置B的作用是贮存多余的二氧化硫和防止其污染环境，则B中应盛放的液体是（填写字母代号）________。?
（A）水 （B）浓溴水 （C）酸性KMnO4溶液（D）饱和NaHSO3溶液
（4）若用该套装置制备H2S（不用酒精灯），则A中发生反应的化学方程式是________ ____________________________，B中应加入的最合理的液体是____________，D中为检验硫化氢盛放的溶液是_______________。
四、计算题（共9分）
31．为测定镁带的纯度，可通过测定镁带与稀硫酸反应生成气体的体积后再进行计算。
（1）用电子天平准确称取纯净的镁带18.000 g，并将其投入到足量的稀硫酸中。完全反应后，在标准状况下可收集到气体__________L。
（2）若镁带中含有锌或铝中的一种杂质。现称取相同的样品进行实验，测得的气体体积（已换算到标准状况）数据列表如下：
实验次数
镁带质量（g）
测得气体的体积（L）
1
18.000
16.90
2
18.000
17.00
测得气体体积的平均值是___________。据此分析，测得的结果比同质量的纯镁产生的气体体积_________（填“多”、“少”或“无影响”）。其原因是含有杂质__________（填“锌”或“铝”）。
（3）利用测得的数据求镁带的纯度。
七校联考高一化学答案
参考答案：
一、选择题（每小题2分）
1．C 2．D 3．B 4．B 5．A 6．D 7．C 8．A 9．B 10．A
11．C 12．D 13．C 14．D 15．A 16．B 17．D 18．B 19．C 20．B
21．B 22．C 23．D 24．A 25．A
二、填空题
26．（1） （各1分，共2分）
（2）2H2S＋O22S↓＋2H2O （2分）
（3）S(s)＋H2(g)H2S(g)＋20 kJ （2分） 大于 （1分）
（4）N2＋O22NO 2NO＋O22NO2 3NO2＋H2O2HNO3＋NO
（各1分，共3分）
27．（1）Ba2＋＋SO42－BaSO4↓（1分） （2）CO2 （1分）
（3）Na2SO3 （1分） （4）2H2S＋3O22SO2＋2H2O （2分）
28．（1）1～2 min；3～5 min （各1分，共2 分）
（3）升高 放热 （各1分，共2分） （4）B （2分）
三、实验题
29．（1）②④⑥⑦⑧ （2分） ①③⑤ （2分）
（2）①②③ （2分） A （1 分）
（3）①②③④⑥⑧ （2分） B （1 分）
30．（1）Cu＋2H2SO4(浓)CuSO4＋SO2↑＋2H2O （2分）
（2）NaOH溶液（碱溶液） （1分） 吸收多余的SO2气体 （1分）
（3）D （2分）
（4）FeS＋H2SO4(稀)FeSO4＋H2↑ （2分） 饱和NaHS溶液 （1分）
CuSO4溶液（合理答案均可） （1分）
四、计算题
31．（1）16.800 （2分）
（2）16.95 多 铝 （各1分，共3 分）
（3）设Mg有x mol，Al有y mol，则：
24x＋27y＝18.000 x＋1.5y＝16.95÷22.4 得x＝0.73（mol） （2分）
（2分）
上海市七校2012-2013学年高一5月阶段检测
高一年级 数学学科
考试时间 90分钟 满分100分
一、填空题（共12小题，每小题3分，共36分）
1、如果＝，且是第四象限的角，那么＝ ．
2、函数的反函数是 ．
3、函数的定义域为__________．
4、幂函数的图像经过，则= ________．
5、方程的解是 ．
6、已知函数，且为奇函数，则 ．
7、已知,，则的值为___________．
8、已知函数（，），它的一个对称中心到最近的对称轴之间的距离为，且函数的图像过点，则的解析式为 ．
9、定义运算 ．已知，则函数的最大值为_________．
10、已知函数，若关于的方程有3个不同的实根，则实数的取值范围是_________________．
11、已知函数，则满足不等式的实数的取值范围是__________________．
12、如右图，长为，宽为的矩形木块，在桌面上作无滑动翻滚，翻滚到第三面后被一小木块挡住，使木块与桌面成角，则点走过的路程是_______________．
二、选择题（共4小题，每小题3分，共12分）
13、在直角坐标系中，点是单位圆与轴正半轴的交点，射线交单位圆于点，若，则点的坐标是………………………………………………… ( ）
A． B． C． D．
14、已知、是方程的两根，且，则…………………………………………………………………………………… ( )
A．或 B．或 C． D．
15、下列命题中正确的是 …………………………………………………………………( ）
①存在实数，使等式成立；②函数有无数个零点；③函数是偶函数；④方程的解集是；⑤把函数的图像沿轴方向向左平移个单位后，得到的函数解析式可以表示成；⑥在同一坐标系中，函数的图像和函数的图像只有1个公共点．
A．②③④ B．③⑤⑥ C．①③⑤ D．②③⑥
16、定义函数（定义域），若存在常数C，对于任意，存在唯一的，使得，则称函数在D上的“均值”为C．已知，，则函数在上的均值为……………………………………（ ）
A． B． C． D．10
三、解答题（第17题8分，第18题10分，第19题10分，第20题12分，第21题12分，共52分）
17、解方程．
18、在中，．
(1)求边长的值；
(2)求的面积．
19、已知函数=.
(1)求函数的最小正周期和单调递增区间；
(2)求在区间上的最大值和最小值.
20、已知函数，.
(1)当时，求函数的最大值；
(2)如果对于区间上的任意一个，都有成立，求的取值范围.
21、定义区间，，，的长度均为，其中．
（1）求关于的不等式的解集构成的区间的长度；
（2）若关于的不等式的解集构成的区间的长度为，求实数的值；
（3）已知关于的不等式，的解集构成的各区间的长度和超过，求实数的取值范围．
2012学年第二学期阶段检测试卷
高一年级 数学学科
考试时间 90分钟 满分100分
一、填空题（共12小题，每小题3分，共36分）
1、如果＝，且是第四象限的角，那么＝ ．
2、函数的反函数是 ．
3、函数的定义域为__________．
4、幂函数的图像经过，则= ________．
5、方程的解是 ．
6、已知函数，且为奇函数，则 ．
7、已知, ,则的值为___________．
8、已知函数（，），它的一个对称中心到最近的对称轴之间的距离为，且函数的图像过点，则的解析式为 ．
9、定义运算 ，已知，则函数的最大值为_________．
10、已知函数，若关于的方程有3个不同的实根，则实数的取值范围是_________________．
11、已知函数，则满足不等式的实数的取值范围是__________________．
12、如右图，长为，宽为的矩形木块，在桌面上作无滑动翻滚，翻滚到第三面后被一小木块挡住，使木块与桌面成角，则点走过的路程是_______________．
二、选择题（共4小题，每小题3分，共12分）
13、在直角坐标系中，点是单位圆与轴正半轴的交点，射线交单位圆于点，若，则点的坐标是……………………………………………………… ( A ）
A． B． C． D．
14、已知 是方程的两根,且，则…………………………………………………………………………………… ( C )
A．或 B．或 C． D．
15、下列命题中正确的是： …………………………………………………………………( D ）
①存在实数，使等式成立； ②函数有无数个零点；
③函数是偶函数；④方程的解集是；⑤把函数的图像沿轴方向向左平移个单位后，得到的函数解析式可以表示成；⑥在同一坐标系中，函数的图像和函数的图像只有1个公共点．
A．②③④ B．③⑤⑥ C．①③⑤ D．②③⑥
16、定义函数（定义域），若存在常数C，对于任意，存在唯一的，使得，则称函数在D上的“均值”为C．已知，，则函数在上的均值为……………………………………（ C ）
A． B． C． D．10
三、解答题（第17题8分，第18题10分，第19题10分，第20题12分，第21题12分，共52分）
17、解方程．
解：因为所以……………………………………8分
增根未舍扣2分
18、在中，．
(1)求边长的值；
(2)求的面积．
解：（1）由正弦定理 得 ……5分
（2）由余弦定理……………………………………7分
………………………………8分
所以………………………………10分
19、已知函数=.
(1)求函数的最小正周期和单调递增区间；
(2)求在区间上的最大值和最小值.
解：（1）==
=………………2分
所以函数的周期………………………………………………………………3分
单调递增区间是………………………………………… 5分
（2） 因为，所以 ，所以………6分
所以， 当，即时， ……………………8分
当，即时， ………………10分
20、已知函数，.
(1)当时，求函数的最大值；
(2)如果对于区间上的任意一个，都有成立，求的取值范围.
解（1）当时，
，所以当即时，…5分
（2）依题得 即对任意恒成立
而 所以对任意恒成立……………7分
令，则，所以对任意恒成立，于是…………………………………………………………………9分
又因为 ，当且仅当 ，即时取等号
所以…………………………………………………………………………………12分
（其他方法，酌情给分）
21、定义区间，，，的长度均为，其中．
（1）求关于的不等式的解集构成的区间的长度；
（2）若关于的不等式的解集构成的区间的长度为，求实数的值；
（3）已知关于的不等式，的解集构成的各区间的长度和超过，求实数的取值范围；
解（1）不等式的解是
所以区间的长度是……………………………………………………………3分
（2）
当时，不符合题意………………………………………… ……………………4分
当时，的两根设为，且
结合韦达定理知
解得（舍）………………………………………………………………7分
（3）
=
设，原不等式等价于 ， …………………9分
因为函数的最小正周期是，长度恰为函数的一个正周期
所以时，， 的解集构成的各区间的长度和超过
即实数的取值范围是………………………………………………………12分
高二下学期第二次阶段性考试物理试题
（请将答案全部写在答题卷上）
一、本题共7小题；每小题6分，共计42分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，有一个或多个选项正确，全部选对得6分，选对但不全得3分，有错选得0分.
1．一简谐横波沿x轴正方向传播，某时刻其波形如图所示．下列说法正确的是（ ）
A．由波形图可知该波的波长是7m
B．由波形图可知该波的周期是7s
C．经周期后质元R的速度变为零
D．经周期后质元P运动到Q点
2．如图所示，一束光从空气垂直射到直角棱镜的AB面上，已知棱镜材料的折射率为1.4，则这束光进入棱镜后的光路图应为下面四个图中的 （ ）
3．一矩形线圈abcd在匀强磁场中绕垂直于磁感线的轴匀速转动，如图a所示，通过线圈的磁通量Φ随时间t变化规律如图b所示，下列叙述正确的是（ ）
A．t1时刻线圈中感应电动势最大 B．t2时刻线圈中感应电动势最大
C．t3时刻线圈平面与磁感线平行 D．t2、t4两时刻线圈中感应电流方向相同
4．如图表示电场中某区域的电场线分布，则下列有关说法正确的是（ ）
A．a点电势低于b点电势
B．a点电场强度大于b点电场强度
C．一个正电荷从a点移动到b点，电场力做正功
D．一个正电荷从a点移动到b点，电场力不做功
5．当作用在物体上的合外力不为零时（ ）
A．物体的速度一定越来越大 B．物体的速度一定越来越小
C．物体的速度可能不变 D．物体的运动状态一定变化
6．据报道,我国数据中继卫星“天链一号01星”于2008年4月25日在西昌卫星发射中心发射升空,经过4次变轨控制后,于5月1日成功定点在东经77°赤道上空的同步轨道.关于成功定点后的“天链一号01星”,下列说法正确的是( )?
A.运行速度大于7.9 km/s
B.离地面高度一定,相对地面静止
C.绕地球运行的角速度比月球绕地球运行的角速度大
D.向心加速度与静止在赤道上物体的向心加速度大小相等
7．如图所示，装置处于静止状态，当人向右跨了一步后，拉动绳子使重物匀速上升，下述说法中正确的是（不考虑滑轮与轮轴间的摩擦）（ ）
A.地面对人的摩擦力增大
B.绳中的张力增大
C.人对地面的压力增大
D.滑轮轮轴受到的力不变
二，实验题（本题16分，每空3分，作图4分）
8.（Ⅰ）（6分）如图所示，甲图中螺旋测微器的读数为 mm，乙图中游标卡尺（游标尺规格为20分度）的读数为 cm．
（Ⅱ）.（1）画出《测定电源电动势和内阻》的实验电路图
（2）某同学测量一节电池的电动势和内阻时，绘出下图所示的U－I图，根据U－I图线可读出此电池的电动势E＝______，内阻r＝______
三、计算题（本题共3小题，共计52分。解答时应写出必要的文字说明、方程式和重要的演算步骤，只写出最后答案的不能得分，有数值计算的、答案中必须明确写出数值和单位。）
9．（14分）一个物体从长s＝9m，倾角为α＝37o的斜面顶端由静止开始滑下，已知物体与斜面间的动摩擦因数μ＝0.5，则：（1）它滑到斜面底端所用的时间t是多少？
（2）它滑到斜面底端的末速度v是多大？
10．(20分)如图所示，将摆拉至使细线伸直并与竖直方向成θ= 60°，让摆球由静止开始下摆，正好摆到最低点B位置时线恰好被拉断．设摆线长L＝1.6m，摆球质量为0.5kg，悬点与地面的竖直高度为H＝4.0m，不计空气阻力，g＝10m/s2.求：
（1）摆球到达B点时的速度大小；细线能承受的最大拉力；
（2）摆球落地时速度的大小；
（3）D点到C点的距离．
11．(18分)在以坐标原点 O为圆心、半径为 r的圆形区域内，存在磁感应强度大小为 B、方向垂直于纸面向里的匀强磁场，如图所示。 一个不计重力的带电粒子从磁场边界与 x轴的交点 A处以速度 V沿－x方向射入磁场，它恰好从磁场边界与 y轴的交点 C处沿+y方向飞出。
（1）请判断该粒子带何种电荷，并求出其比荷q/m ；
（2）若磁场的方向和所在空间范围不变，而磁感应强度的大小变为，该粒子仍从 A处以相同的速度射入磁场，但飞出磁场时的速度方向相对于入射方向改变了60°角，求磁感应强度多大？此次粒子在磁场中运动所用时间 t是多少？

蓬安中学高中二年级下期第二次阶段性考试
物理参考答案
一、本题共7小题；每小题6分，共计42分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，有一个或多个选项正确，全部选对得6分，选对但不全得3分，有错选得0分.
三、计算题（本题共3小题，共计52分。解答时应写出必要的文字说明、方程式和重要的演算步骤，只写出最后答案的不能得分，有数值计算的、答案中必须明确写出数值和单位。）
9．(14分)（1）（10分） 3 s , （2）（4分） 6m/s
11．（18分）
解:（1）由粒子的飞行轨迹，利用左手定则可知，该粒子带负电荷。………………3分
粒子由 A点射入，由 C点飞出，其速度方向改变了 90°，则粒子轨迹半径
…………………………………2分
又 ……………………………2分
上海市七校2012-2013学年高一5月阶段检测
高一年级 英语学科
考试时间 90分钟 满分100分
第一卷( 共85分)
I. Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In Section A. you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A In New York. B. In Boston.
C. In Michigan. D. In Washington.
2. A. Twenty. B. Thirty. C. Forty. D. Twenty-four.
3. A. Hat. B. Sunglass. C. Umbrella. D. Bag.
4. A. She is annoyed. B. She is apologetic.
C. She is understanding. D. She is bored.
5. A. He would rather have sweet food. B. He has always liked sweet food.
C. He is used to eating Chinese food. D. He ate Chinese food in the past.
6. A. The woman cannot get a cola.
B. He will go downstairs to get the woman a cola.
C. The woman should go downstairs to get a cola.
D. He does not know where to get a cola.
7. A. she has a strong opinion. B. She likes the man a lot.
C. She wants to choose. D. She doesn’t care which kind they get.
8. A. By bike. B. By bus. C. By taxi. D. On foot.
9. A. She will be gone a long time. B. she’ll be back shortly.
C. She has too much to do. D. She is taking her time.
10. A. borrow Anna’s computer. B. Buy her won computer.
C. Save some money. D. Stay home.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. One. B. Two. C. One or more. D. Two or more.
12. A. Find a good player.
B. Try whether the rope will be right for you.
C. Stop to rest for an hour.
D. Try whether the rope will be strong enough.
13. A. A rope must be turned as slowly as possible.
B. A rope must be turned as high as possible.
C. People can do rope jumping without resting.
D. Careful timing is needed to turn a rope.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14. A. 6 B. 8 C. 10 D. 12
15. A. rock-climbing B. sleeping
C. meeting friends D. caving
16.A. Some of the group had been there before.
B. The group had done rock-climbing many times.
C. Some of the group already knew each other.
D. Group all came from the same city.
Section C
Directions: In Section C, you will hear one longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear the conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.
Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.
What’s the matter with Steve?
He thought he had the 17
How long has Steve been ill?
Since 18
How often did the doctor ask Steve to take the medicine?
19 times a day after dinners.
What does the woman suggest Steve doing？
Trying some herbal 20
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.
21. The two boys share the same hobbies but they are quite different _______ personality.
A. in B. with C. for D. on
22. When I turned to Tony for help, I found that the more he tried to explain, ___________.
A. the more I became confused. B. the more confused became I
C. the more confused I became D. I became more confused.
23. He is the only one of those clerks ________ to the important conference.
A. who was inviting B. who were invited
C. who has been invited D. who have been invited.
24. In the U.S, ______a tip is thought to be polite when paying the bill.
A. leave B. having left C. leaving D. being left
25 The reason______ she failed to go to the party puzzled all of the people present.
A. what B. why C. as D. which
26. A small car is big for family of three_______ you need more space for luggage.
A. once B. because C. if D. unless
27. The children in some remote areas are looking forward ______ a chance to receive further education.
A. for getting B. to getting C. to get D. of getting
28. Some 200 people were reported ______ in the earthquake which happened in Sichuan last month.A. were killed B. to be killed C. killing D. to have been killed
29. That is the only way we can imagine _______ the overuse of water in students’ bathrooms.
A. reducing B. to reduce C. reduced D. reduce
30. We were swimming in the lake _____ suddenly the storm started.
A. when B. while C. until D. before
31. Jackson returned to Seattle for a while, ______ to Canada, and worked a few jobs there before heading for New York .
A. moving B. moved C. being moved D. having moved
32. David apologized for _______to inform me of the change in the plan.
A. his being not able B. him not to be able
C. his not being able D. him to be not able
33. The old man has expected to see all his children when he was in hospital, but ______ came to see him.
A. none B. no one C. someone D. anyone
34. It was not _______she took off her glasses ______I realized she was my former classmate. .
A. when; that B. until; that C. until; when D. when; then
35. The foreign guests liked the children and their shows ________they saw in the kindergarten.
A. what B. who C. which D. that
36. The workers were so tired that they fell asleep where they ______without undressing.
A. lying B. were lying C. lied D. were lain
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. turn B. eagerly C. concerned D. anxiously E. growing F. changed G. produced
H. international I. popular J. called
There have been a lot of changes in American eating habits in the last ten years. One is the __37__ awareness of the nutritional value of food. Another is an increasing interest in a variety of __38__ foods. Since about 1970, Americans have been more and more __39__ about health. They have begun to notice the ingredients（配料） in what they eat.
When they select food in the supermarket, they __40__ the package over to read the labels carefully. They prefer to eat food that is __41__ without unnecessary chemicals and often choose fruits and vegetables grown without poisons used to kill insects. A small group of Americans, __42__ vegetarians, has decided not to eat meat. They choose a complete diet from other kinds of food because they think that meat products are not good for health.
Also more and more Americans have become interested in food from other countries. They have been going out to international restaurants and __43__ trying unfamiliar dishes. Chinese, Japanese, French, Italian, and Greek cooking as well as many other recipes（食谱） are all __44__ these days in the United States. People used to say that Americans ate uninteresting, unhealthy food, but this has __45__ in the last ten years.
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrases that best fits the context.
A true apology is more than just acknowledgement of a mistake. It’s recognition that something you’ve said or done has damaged a relationship—and that you care enough about that relationship to want it __46__ .
It’s never __47__ to acknowledge you are in the wrong. Being human, we all need the art of apology. Look back and think how __48__ you’ve judged roughly, said __49__ things, pushed yurself ahead at the expense of a friend. Some deep thought lets us know that when __50__ a small mistake has been made, your __51__ will stay out of balance until the mistake is acknowledged and your regret is __52__.
I remember a doctor friend, telling me about a man who came to him with __53__ illnesses: headache, insomnia, stomachaches and so on. No physical __54__ could be found. Finally the doctor said to the man, “__55__ you tell me what’s on your conscience, I can’t help you.”
After a short silence, the man told the doctor that he __56__ all the money that his father gave to his brother, who was __57__. His father had died, so only he himself knew the matter. The doctor made the man write to his brother making an __58__ and enclosing a __59__. In the post office, the man dropped the letter into the mail box. As the letter disappeared, the man burst into tears. “Thank you, doctor,” he said, “I think I’m all right now.” And he __60__.
46. A. built B. formed C. repaired D. damaged
47. A. difficult B. easy C. foolish D. shy
48. A. long B. often C. much D. soon
49. A. unusual B. harmful C. worthless D. unkind
50. A. hardly B. even C. only D. such
51. A. sense B. brain C. weight D. feeling
52. A. apologized B. explained C. offered D. expressed
53. A. strange B. fatal C. various D. dangerous
54. A. sign B. injury C. cause D. symptom
55. A. Whenever B. Unless C. Suppose D. Although
56. A. neglected B. accepted C. seized D. wasted
57. A. mad B. lost C. abroad D. dead
58. A. order B. excuse C. agreement D. apology
59. A. note B. card C. check D. photo
60. A. should B. did C. had D. was
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
My teenage son Karl became withdraw after his father died. As a single parent, I tried to do my best to talk to him. But the more I tried, the more he pulled away. When his report card arrived during his junior year, it said that he had been absent 95 times from classes and had six falling grades for the year. At this rate he would never graduate. I sent him to the school adviser, and I even begged him. Nothing worked.
One night I felt so powerless that I got down on my knees and pleaded for help. “Please God, I can’t do anything more for my son. I’m at the end of my rope. I’m giving the whole thing up to you.”
I was at work when I got a phone call. A man introduced himself as the headmaster. “I want to talk to you about Karl’s absences.” Before he could say another word, I choked up and all my disappointment and sadness over Karl came pouring out into the ears of this stranger. “I love my son but I just don’t know what to do. I’ve tried everything to get Karl to go back to school and nothing has worked. It’s out of my hands.” For a moment there was silence on the other end of the line. The headmaster seriously said, “thank you for your time”, and hung up.
Karl’s next report card showed a marked improvement in his grades. Finally, he even made the honor roll. In his fourth year, I attended a parent-teacher meeting with Karl. I noticed that his teachers were astonished at the way he had turned himself around. On our way home, he said, “Mum, remember that call from the headmaster last year?” I nodded. “That was I. I thought I’d play a joke but when I heard what you said, it really hit me how much I was hurting you. That’s when I knew I had to make you proud.”
61. by saying “Karl became withdrawn”, the author means that the boy changed entirely and _____.
A. preferred to stay alone at home B. often escaped school
C. refused to talk to others D. began to dislike his mother
62. There was silence on the other end of the line because _____.
A. the speaker was too moved to say anything to the mother
B. the speaker waited for the mother to finish speaking
C. the speaker didn’t want the mother to recognize his voice
D. the speaker was unable to interrupt the mother
63. What is the main idea of this passage?
A. Children in single-parent families often have mental problems.
B. Mother’s love plays an important role in teenagers’ life.
C. Being understood by parents is very important to teenagers.
D. School education doesn’t work without full support from parents.
(B)
Once you’ve tasted the joy and freedom of an all-access backstage pass, sitting in the balcony（楼厅） far from the stage has little attraction. In March of 2008, I had the opportunity to tour with a band. The experience was eye-opening.
I hadn’t realized how many misconceptions I had about the lifestyle of a world-class musician. Such a life is not as great as it appears. In fact, some aspects are extremely tedious. Hours and hours are spent waiting. The musicians wait for their transportation; they wait for the sound check; they wait to perform. After the show, they wait for the crowds of fans to go away.
When the musicians are not waiting, they are traveling. Sometimes the travel itself can seem attractive and exciting, with the limousines（豪华轿车） and the first-class seats on the plane. However, even these luxuries cannot make up for long, boring hours on the road or in the air. Basic needs are all but ignored. Late-night shows and early wake-up calls make them know the preciousness of sleep. The demanding travel itineraries（行程） and show schedules make regular meals impossible.
In spite of the sacrifices, life on tour has its advantage, at least for the talent. A support team generally travels with the band, with at least one person dedicated to meeting the musicians’ needs at all times. The musicians are expected to perform at the shows, but they are not expected to manage any detail of their lives. When I was with the band, I poured glasses of grapefruit juice, made sandwiches, prepared dressing rooms, and performed all kinds of routine work, such as buying toothpaste and getting money from the ATM. In addition, efforts are made by promoters to keep the musicians happy. Most places offer private dressing rooms for the musicians. There is also usually a green room, a room that is large with comfortable furnishings where the band can visit with friends and family while waiting to go on stage. Before the band goes on, their families and friends file out into the auditorium and find their seats. The house lights go dark and curtain rises. When the lights flash on and the band starts playing, the scene is magical. A behind-the-scenes view makes the experience even more spectacular.
64. The underlined world in paragraph 2 probably means _____.
A. exciting B. boring C. reasonable D. ridiculous
65. We can infer from the third paragraph that _____.
A. good arrangements always make the trips comfortable and pleasant
B. most musicians would rather travel long distance than wait
C. most musicians ignore their basic needs because the travel is too luxurious
D. the lack of sleep and irregular meals seem to be a part of the life of musicians
66. Which might be the best title for the passage?
A. Behind the Scene. B. Hard Life of Musicians.
C. My Part-time Job. D. How to Make Musicians Happy.
(C)
Most people who live in Seattle, Washington, love their city. There is a never-ending flow of fun things to do. But, people who live there do not always enjoy the day-after-day absence of sunshine during the winter months.
It is documented fact that sunshine (or lack of it) plays a major role in how each of us meets the day. It also affects how we perform at school or work. When people are derived of sunlight, they can develop seasonal affective disorder, which makes it difficult for them to feel happy or get things accomplished. No major city in the United States is more affected by the “sunshine factor” than Seattle.
To fight drizzle and fog during the winter months, Steve Murphy created a business that is very popular among the locals. The Indoor Sun Shoppe is more than a little ray of sunshine during the gray days of Seattle’s winter. His shop offers a huge source of plants and artificial lighting for people who are trying to overcome seasonal affective disorder.
Located in Fremont, Washington, The Indoor Sun Shoppe has an amazing collection of exotic plants and “good bugs” in a humid and well-lit environment. At The Indoor Sun Shoppe, you can spend up to $400 for artificial lighting that will chase away the winter blues. It will also keep your plants healthy. You can buy a dawn simulator that will gradually fill your room with a warming wake-up glow. What better way to meet a Seattle morning when real sunshine is nothing more than a happy thought!
Murphy’s in-home waterfalls are also popular with customers. But his plants and lights remain the “main course.” On a cloudy winter day, The Indoor Sun Shoppe is a bright spot in Seattle!
67. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE according to the passage?
A. Seattle is located in the state of Washington.
B. Citizens love Seattle for their colorful city lives.
C. Sunshine in Seattle is rare during the winter months.
D. People who live in Seattle are used to the sunshine absence.
68. Which of the following best defines the term seasonal affective disorder in Para.2?
A. mild temperature and a general feeling of illness caused by gray winter
B. exhaustion, depression and lack of energy caused by a lack of sunlight
C. winter-related illness caused by the low temperature and little sunlight
D. post-holiday depression that comes when relatives leave after Christmas
69. The Indoor Sun Shoppe _____.
A. attracts people from different parts of the whole country
B. aims to create a humid and well-lit environment during winter months
C. brings only a little ray of sunshine during the gray days of Seattle’s winter
D. offers variety of goods helping people overcome seasonal affective disorder
70. Which of the following best explains the use of a dawn simulator?
A. An alarm clock stimulated by the light rays of early morning.
B. A bringer of indoor artificial sunshine when there is none outside.
C. An automatic waterfall system helping make indoor plants healthy.
D. A better way to meet a Seattle morning with real warming sunshine.
Section C
Directions: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.
A. Weather is to blame
B. Divided opinions
C. Inheriting（遗传） characteristics
D. Home of the redheads
E. Greater sensitivity to pain
F. Gene mutation（基因变异）
71.
Britain may be the most red-headed country in the world. About 1 to 2 percent of the world’s population has red hair, but in the UK the numbers are much higher, with 13 percent of Scots, 10 percent of the Irish, and 6 percent of people in England having red hair, according to the BBC.
72.
Scientists have tried to explain why some people have red hair for some time and now they may have found an answer: the dull weather in Britain. The human body needs vitamin D from sunshine, but unfortunately people living in Britain do not have enough of it because of its maritime climate. In fact, Britain gets even more cloud than countries in the far north of Europe. In Sweden, for example, the average daily hours of sunshine is 5.4 . In Scotland it is only 3.1 hours.
73.
To deal with this, the DNA of people living in these areas has changed slightly; scientists call this a mutation. Originally, the coloring on our body is a mixture of two kinds of melanin – black melanin is suppressed while only red / yellow melanin is made. The result is red hair, light skin color, freckles and a greater sensitivity to sunlight.
74.
However, what’ s more interesting is that the redhead DNA mutation is recessive, which means it is hidden and can often skip generations without showing. At least 1.6 million Scots carry a redhead gene mutation, and most are unaware that they do. This is why a person who does not have red hair can still produce red-haired children if he or she is a carrier of this special DNA.
75.
The research on red hair, like many areas of science, is contradictory(不一致). In 2002 researchers showed that redheads are more sensitive to pain, and need more anesthetic during surgery than people with blonde or dark hair. However, in 2005 scientists found that a MCRIR mutation gives redheads a higher tolerance for pain. Research into these aspects of red hair genetics continues. Redheads should though be more careful about their exposure to sunlight as they are at an increased risk of contracting skin cancer. If you are a redhead, the advice is not to stay out of the sun, but to be careful about how much exposure you get, and to cover yourself with a high factor sunscreen.
第II卷（共15分）
Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the word or phrases given in the brackets.
1.这本词典花了我50多元。( cost )
2.我记得曾经给她提过一些有关读书的建议。( remember )
3.他似乎对什么都不感兴趣，这让他的父母很担心。（ worry ）
4.尽管天气很冷，他们还是设法完成了任务。( despite )
5.正是由于他的好奇心才使他成为了世界知名的科学家。（ It…that….）
I. listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. W: Are you glad that you came to Washington?
M: Yes, indeed. I’d considered going to New York, Michigan or Boston, but I’ve never regretted my decision.
Q: Where does the man live?
2. M: I heard the foundation gave the university $20,000 to improve the library.
W: $20,000? They gave twice that amount! My uncle told me all about it.
Q: How many thousand dollars did the foundation give according to this woman’s uncle?
3. W: Oh, so many dark clouds. Bring one with you.
M: Thank you.
Q: What will the man bring?
4. M: I’m really upset that I lost that watch. It was my grandfather’s, you know.
W: I know how you feel. I once lost a book my grandfather gave me.
Q: What is the woman’s attitude?
5. W: How do you like sweet food?
M: I am used to it now.
Q: What does the man mean?
6. W: Do you know where I can get a cola?
M: Isn’t there a machine downstairs?
Q: What does the man imply?
7. M: Would you like chocolate or strawberry ice cream?
W: You choose. I like them both.
Q: What does the woman mean?
8. W: If I were you, I’d ride a bike to work. Taking a crowded bus is really terrible.
M: Thank you for your advice, but my bike doesn’t work.
Q: How would the man most probably get to work?
9. M: What time will you be back?
W: Oh, it shouldn’t take me too long.
Q: What does the woman mean?
10. W: I’m going to Anna’s house. I ‘d like to borrow her computer.
M: Why don’t you buy one of your own? If so, you can save much time.
Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
Every student can learn rope jumping.
You can jump alone or with your classmates. You can also help turn a long rope for many others to jump over, one at a time. If you jump alone, you will need a short rope and it will be just enough for your height. Try ropes of different lengths until you find a right one for your size.
A rope should be turned slowly. It must also be turned high enough to let you jump freely and safely. Turning the rope freely and safely needs careful timing. In rope jumping, timing means turning the rope slowly enough for you to jump over at the right time without its striking your feet.
When you jump rope, your heart beats faster and your face has a healthy color. But if you jump too many times at first, you will get tired. You must learn when to stop for a rest before you jump again. If you practice, you can increase the number of times you jump without resting.
(Listen again, please)
Questions:
11. How many people can join in rope jumping?
12. Before you do rope jumping, what should you do?
13. Which of the following is true?
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
My friend Matt and I arrived at the Activity Centre on Friday evening. The accommodation wasn’t wonderful, but we had everything we needed, and we were pleased to be out of the city and in the fresh air.
On Saturday morning we met the other ten members of our group. Cameron had come along with two friends, Kevin and Simon, while sisters Carole and Lynn had come with Amanda. There were some other members I didn’t know. We had come from different places and none of us knew the area.
We knew we were going to spend the weekend outdoors, but none of us was sure exactly how. Half of us spent the morning caving while the others went rock-climbing and then we changed at lunchtime. Matt and I went to the caves first. Climbing out was harder than going in, but after a good deal of pushing, we were out at last. Though we were covered with mud, we were pleased and excited by what we’d done.
(Listen again, please)
Questions:
14. How many members in all in the writer’s group?
15. How did the writer spend the Saturday morning?
16. What can you learn from the passage?
Section C
Directions: In Section C, you will hear one longer conversation. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear the conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.
Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.
W: So, how are things going, Steve?
M: Well, to be honest, Carla, I was feeling great on Saturday, But I started to feel sick on Sunday afternoon.
W: Well, what seems to be the problem?
M: Well, I thought I had the flu, but the doctor said that it was just a bad cold. He gave me some cold medicine to take care of my stuffy nose and fever. I’m supposed to take the medicine three times a day after eating, but it doesn’t seem to help.
W: Listen. Forget about that medicine! I have just the thing to get rid of bad colds. You see, my mom is really into herbal medicine.
M: Oh, no, thanks.
W: Ah, come on! Give it a try. You just take some of my mom’s herbal tea and drink it four times a day. Believe me. You’ll be up and dancing around in no time.
M: Ok. I will have a try.
W: Great! I’ll come to your place at 7:30. See you then.
（Now listen again, please.）
答案
1——5 DCCCC 6-10 CDBBB
11-13 CBD 14-16 DDC
17. flu
18. Sunday
19. Three
20. tea/medicine
21—36 ACCCB DBDBA BCABD B
37—45 EHCAG JBIF
46—60 CBBDB DDCCB CCDCD
61—63 CAB
64—66 BDA
67—70 DBDB
71—75 DAFCB
1.This dictionary/ cost me /more than 50 yuan.
2.I remember giving/ her some advice/ on reading.
3.He seems to /be interested in nothing, /which worries his parents a lot.
4.Despite the cold weather, /they managed to/ finish the task.
5.It was /because of his curiosity/ that he became a world-famous scientist.
61—70 每题两分，中译英每题三分，其余均为一分
上海市七校2012-2013学年高一5月阶段检测
高一年级 语文学科
考试时间：120分钟 满分：100分
一 阅 读(60分)
(一)阅读下文，完成第1-5题。(12分)
美感与快感
朱光潜
①拿一幅画给小孩子或是未受艺术教育的人看，他总是说“很好看”。如果追问他“它何以好看？”不外回答说：“我欢喜看它，看了它就觉得很愉快。”通常人所谓“美”大半就是指“好看”，指“愉快”。
②许多文艺批评家也把美感和快感混为一件事。英国学者罗斯金就曾很坦白地说：“我从来没见过一座希腊女神雕像有一位血色鲜丽的英国姑娘的一半美。”从愉快的标准看，后者引诱力自然比前者大，但是你觉得一位姑娘“美”和觉得一座女神雕像“美”时是否相同呢？二者的美显然是两件事。一个是只能引起快感的，一个是只能引起美感的。罗斯金的错误在把姑娘的引诱性做“美”的标准，去测量艺术作品。艺术是另一世界的东西，对实际人生没有引诱力，所以他以为比不上英国姑娘。
③美感和快感究竟有什么分别呢？有些人见到快感不尽是美感，替它们勉强定一个分别来，却又往往不符事实。英国有一派主张“享乐主义”的美学家就是如此。他们所见到的分别彼此又不一致。有人说耳、目是“高等感官”，其余鼻、舌、皮肤、筋肉等等都是“低等感官”，只有“高等感官”可以尝到美感而“低等感官”则只能尝到快感。有人说引起美感的东西可以同时引起许多人的美感，引起快感的东西则对于这个人引起快感，对于那个人或引起不快感。美感有普遍性，快感没有普遍性。这些学说在历史上都发生过影响，如果分析起来，都是一钱不值。拿什么标准说耳、目是“高等感官”？耳、目得来的有些是美感，有些也只是快感，我们如何去分别？“客去茶香余舌本”，“冰肌玉骨，自清凉无汗”等名句是否与“低等感官”不能得美感之说相容？至于普遍不普遍的话更不足为凭。口腹有同嗜而艺术趣味却往往随人而异。陈年花雕是吃酒的人大半都称赞它美的，一般人却不能欣赏后期印象派的图画。我曾经听过一位很时髦的英国老太婆说道：“我从来没有见过比金字塔再拙劣的东西。”
④美感和快感是很容易分别的。美感与实用活动无关，而快感则起于实际要求的满足。口渴时要喝水，喝了水就得到快感；腹饥时要吃饭，吃了饭也就得到快感。喝美酒所得的快感由于味感得到所需要的刺激，和饱食暖衣的快感同为实用的，并不是起于“无所为而为”的形象的观赏。
⑤美感经验是直觉的而不是反省的。在聚精会神之中我们既忘却自我，自然不能觉得我是否欢喜所观赏的形象，或是反省这形象所引起的是不是快感。我们对于一件艺术作品欣赏的浓度愈大，就愈不觉得自己是在欣赏它，愈不觉得所生的感觉是愉快的。如果自己觉得快感，便是由直觉变而为反省，好比提灯寻影，灯到影灭，美感的态度便已失去了。美感所伴的快感，在当时都不觉得，到过后才回忆起来。比如读一首诗或是看一幕戏，当时我们只是心领神会，无暇他及，后来回想，才觉得这一番经验很愉快。
⑥这个道理一经说破，本来很容易了解。□□许多人因为不明白这个很浅显的道理，遂走上迷路。近来德国和美国有许多研究“实验美学”的人就是如此。他们拿一些颜色、线形或是音调来请受验者比较，问他们欢喜哪一种，讨厌哪一种，然后作出统计来，说某种颜色是最美的，某种线形是最丑的。独立的颜色和画中的颜色本来不可相提并论。在艺术上部分之和并不等于全体，而且最易引起快感的东西也不一定就美。他们的错误是很显然的。
1．简析第①②段的作用。(2分)
答：_____________________________________________________________。
2．第③段引用一位很时髦的英国老太婆的话是为了说明________________。(2分)
3．根据文意，区分美感和快感的基本原则是__________________________。(2分)
4．第⑥段空格中应填的关联词语是□□，理由是______________________。(2分)
5．下列表述不符合文意的两项是( )( )(4分)
A．作者认为，“低等感官”只能尝到快感而不能拥有美感。
B．“美感与实用活动无关”指的是审美过程是“无所为”的、无功利的，而正是在这种纯粹的境界中才达到了“审美”这一“有为”目的。
C．“直觉”就是“忘却自我”，是意识不到自己在欣赏，是“不觉得所生的感觉是愉快的”。一旦觉得自己是在欣赏了，感觉到快感了，那么这便是在“反省”了。
D．作者以“提灯寻影”为喻，提着灯是寻不到影子的，灯光达到的一刹那就是影子消失的那一刻，那么由反省变为直觉的时候也就是美感态度失去的时候。
E．文章最后强调，个人好恶并不是评价美的准则，“实验美学”犯的就是这一类的错误，由此强调美感不是快感。
(二)阅读下文，完成第6-11题。(13分)
旧式的情感
叶兆言
①三年前，在纪念祖父诞辰一百周年时，我有一点想不明白，那就是人们为什么总是对整数特别有兴趣。莫名其妙，就成了习惯。记得祖父在世时，对生日似乎很看重，尤其“文化大革命”后期，一家老小，都盼过节似地惦记着祖父的生日。是不是整数无所谓，过阴历或阳历也无所谓，快到了，就掰着指头数，算一算还有多少天。
②有时候，祖父的生日庆祝，安排在阳历的那一天，有时候，却是阴历，关键是看大家的方便，最好是一个休息天，反正灵活机动，哪个日子好，就选那一天。祖父很喜欢过生日，喜欢那个热闹。有一年，阳历和阴历的这一天，都适合于过生日，他老人家便孩子气地宣布：两个生日都过。
③想一想也简单，一个老人乐意过生日，原因就是平时太寂寞。老人永远是寂寞的，尤其是一个高寿的老人。同时代的人，一个接一个去了，活得越久，意味着越要忍受寂寞的煎熬。对于家庭成员来说，也是如此，小辈们一个个都相对独立，有了自己的小家，下了乡，去了别的城市，只有老人过生日这个借口，才能让大家理直气壮堂而皇之走到一起。
④老人的寂寞往往被我们所忽视。我侄女儿的小学要给解放军写慰问信，没人会写毛笔字，于是自告奋勇带回来，让祖父给她写。差不多相同的日子里，父亲想要什么内部资料，想要那些一时不易得手的马列著作，只要告诉祖父，祖父便会一笔不苟地抄了邮来。有一段时候，问祖父讨字留作纪念的人，渐渐多起来，闲着也是闲着，祖父就挨个地写，唐人的诗，宋人的词，毛主席的教导，一张张地写了，寄出去，直到写烦了，人也太老了，写不动为止。
⑤我记得常常陪祖父去四站路以外的王伯祥老人处。这是一位比祖父年龄更大的老人，他们从小学时代就是好朋友，相濡以沫，风风雨雨，已经有了几十年的友谊。难能可贵的，是祖父坚持每星期都坐着公共汽车去看望老朋友。祖父订了一份大字《参考》，大概因为级别才订到的，王伯祥老人虽然是著名的历史学家，一级研究员，他似乎没有资格订阅，于是祖父便把自己订的报，带去给他看。每次见面大约两个多小时，一方是郑重其事地还报纸，另一方毕恭毕敬地将新的报纸递过去，然后就喝茶聊天，无主题变奏。
⑥说什么从来不重要，话不投机，酒逢知己，关键是看这一点。有时候，聊天也是一种寂寞，老人害怕寂寞，同时也最能享受寂寞。明白的老人永远是智者。我不得不承认自己在这些老人的寂寞中，学到了许多东西。我从老派人的聊天中，明白了许多老式的情感。旧式的情感是人类的结晶，只有当它们真正失去时，我们才会感到它的珍重。老派的人所看中的那些旧式情感，今天已经不复存在。物是人非，生活的节奏突然变快了。寂寞成了奢侈品，热闹反而让我们感到恐惧。
⑦老人最害怕告别，送君千里，终有一别，祖父晚年时，每次和他分手，心里都特别难受。于是大家就不说话，在房间里耗着，他坐在写字桌前写日记，我站在一边，有报纸，随手捞起一张，胡乱看下去。那时候要说话，也是一些和分别无关的话题，想到哪里是哪里，海阔天空。祖父平时很喜欢和我对话，他常常表扬我，说我小小年纪，知道的事却不少，说我的水平似乎超过了同龄人。我记得他总是鼓励我多说话，说讲什么并不重要，人有趣了，说什么话，都会有趣。早在还是一个无知的中学生时，我就是一个善于和老人对话的人。我并不知道祖父喜欢听什么，也从来就没有想过这些问题。我曾经真的是觉得自己知道的事多，肚子里学问大，后来才知道那是因为源于老人的寂寞。
6.下列句子中加点的成语使用不恰当的一项是( )(2分)
A．莫名其妙，就成了习惯。
B．只有老人过生日这个借口，才能让大家理直气壮堂而皇之走到一起。
C．他们从小学时代就是好朋友，相濡以沫，风风雨雨，已经有了几十年的友谊。
D．物是人非，生活的节奏突然变快了。
7．文中的“祖父”是我国现代著名作家和教育家，他的名字是______。(1分)
8．根据文意，祖父“寂寞”的原因主要有两条：(2分)
(1)_____________________________________________；
(2)_____________________________________________。
9．第⑥段画线句中“这一点”是指__________________。(1分)
10．下列对本文的赏析，恰当的的两项是( )( )(4分)
A．第①段写全家“盼过节似地惦记着祖父的生日”，从侧面表现祖父生日的隆重程度。
B．第②段写祖父“孩子气地”宣布一年过两个生日，表明祖父童心未泯，喜欢热闹。
C．替侄女写慰问信，帮儿子抄资料，给他人写书法，文章用事实证明祖父并不寂寞。
D．第⑤段中“坚持”、“每星期”、“坐着公共汽车”等词充分表现祖父对友情的执着。
E．第⑥段中“热闹反而让我们感到恐惧”，因为热闹背后往往缺失了那份寂寞的温情。
11．从下列人物中任选一组，分析他们之间是否存在“旧式的情感”。(3分)
杨绛与老王 萧红与鲁迅 史铁生与他的母亲
答：_________________________________________。
(三)默写。(5分)【任选5空，超过5空，按前5空评分】
12.(1)____________________，晋代衣冠成古丘。（李白《登金陵凤凰台》）
(2)此中有真意，_______________。（陶渊明《饮酒》）
(3)遥岑远目，献愁供恨，______________。（辛弃疾《登建康赏心亭》）
(4)辅车相依，______________。（左丘明《左传》）
(5)鹫翎金仆姑，________________。（卢纶《塞下曲》）
(6)分野中峰变，________________。（王维《终南山》）
(7)云青青兮欲雨，___________________。（李白《梦游天姥吟留别》）
(四)阅读下文，完成第13-15题。(6分)
游东田
(南齐)谢朓
戚戚苦无悰①，携手共行乐。
寻云陟累榭，随山望菌阁。
远树暧阡阡②，生烟纷漠漠。
鱼戏新荷动，鸟散余花落。
不对芳春酒，还望青山郭。
[注] ①无悰:没有欢乐。②阡阡：茂盛状。
13. 从体裁上看，这是一首五言□□诗。(1分)
14.对本诗分析不正确的一项是( )(2分)
A．本诗以记游为题材，脉络清晰而且顺畅。
B．本诗全部借景抒情，含蓄委婉不失清新。
C．本诗三处运用叠词，增强形象性音乐美。
D．本诗语言平易淡雅，而又不失轻盈灵动。
15．请从景物描写的角度，赏析画线句的妙处。(3分)
答：_________________________________________。
(五)阅读下文，完成第16-19题。(12分)
然予居于此，多可喜，亦多可悲。先是，庭中通南北为一。迨诸父异爨，内外多置小门，墙往往而是。东犬西吠，客逾庖而宴，鸡栖于厅。庭中始为篱，已为墙，凡再变矣。家有老妪，尝居于此。妪，先大母婢也，乳二世，先妣抚之甚厚。室西连于中闺，先妣尝一至，妪每谓余曰：“某所，而母立于兹。”妪又曰：“汝姊在吾怀，呱呱而泣；娘以指叩门扉曰：‘儿寒乎？欲食乎？’吾从板外相为应答。”语未毕，余泣，妪也泣。余自束发读书轩中，一日，大母过余曰：“吾儿，久不见若影，何竟日默默在此，大类女郎也？”比去，以手阖门，自语曰：“吾家读书久不效，儿之成，则可待乎！”顷之，持一象笏至，曰：“此吾祖太常公宣德间执此以朝，他日汝当用之！”瞻顾遗迹，如在昨日，令人长号不自禁。(归有光《项脊轩志》)
16．写出下列加点词语在句中的意思。(4分)
(1)迨诸父异爨 迨：________
(2)乳二世 乳：________
(3)余自束发读书轩中 束发：______
(4)大母过余曰 过：________
17．下列各组中加点词的用法和意义相同的一项是( )(2分)
A．墙往往而是 而母立于兹
B．鸡栖于厅 室西连于中闺
C．娘以指叩门扉曰 比去，以手阖门
D．先妣抚之甚厚 顷之，持一象笏至
18．把下列句子译成现代汉语。(4分)
(1)东犬西吠，客逾庖而宴
译：_______________________________________________。
(2)庭中始为篱，已为墙，凡再变矣
译：_______________________________________________。
19．依据本段，“可悲”之事包括________、________和功名未就三件事。(2分)
(六)阅读下文，完成第20-24题。(12分)
情采(节选)
刘勰
情者文之经，辞者理之纬。经正而后纬成，理定而后辞畅。此立文之本源也。
昔诗人什篇，为情而造文；辞人赋颂，为文而造情。何以明其然？盖风雅之兴，志思蓄愤，而吟咏情性，以讽其上，此为情而造文也；诸子之徒①，心非郁陶，苟驰夸饰，鬻声钓世②，此为文而造情也。故为情者要约而写真，为文者淫丽而烦滥。而后之作者，采滥忽真，远弃风雅，近师辞赋，故体情之制日疏，逐文之篇愈盛。故有志深轩冕③，而泛咏皋壤④。心缠几务，而虚述人外。真宰⑤弗存，翩其反矣。
夫桃李不言而成蹊，有实存也；男子树兰而不芳，无其情也。夫以草木之微，依情待实；况乎文章，述志为本。言与志反，文岂足征？
是以联辞结采，将欲明理，采滥辞诡，则心理愈翳。固知翠纶桂饵⑥，反所以失鱼。“言隐荣华”，殆谓此也。是以衣锦褧衣⑦，恶文太章⑧；贲象穷白⑨，贵乎反本。
夫能设模以位理，拟地以置心，心定而后结音，理正而后摛藻，使文不灭质，博不溺心，正采耀乎朱蓝，间色屏于红紫，乃可谓雕琢其章，彬彬君子矣。
[注]①诸子之徒：承上“辞人”而言，指汉以后的辞赋家。②鬻声钓世：指沽名钓誉。③轩冕：轩，有帷幕的车。冕，礼帽。借指官位爵禄。④皋壤：水边的原野，此指隐居之所。⑤真宰：真实的心地。宰，指心是身的主宰。⑥翠纶：用翡翠鸟毛羽装饰钓丝。桂饵：用肉桂作鱼饵。⑦衣锦褧（jiǒng）衣：指在锦服外加上麻布罩衫。⑧恶文太章：嫌恶花色过于鲜明。章，同“彰”。⑨贲象穷白：《易经》中贲的卦象最后一爻是“白”。
20.分析画线句“情者文之经，辞者理之纬。经正而后纬成，理定而后辞畅”的表达效果。(3分)
答：_________________________________________。
21.为什么说“诗人什篇，为情而造文”？(用自己的话回答)(2分)
答：_________________________________________。
22．“为文造情”的作品有何毛病？(用文中的词语回答)(2分)
答：_________________________________________。
23. 下列对文章的阐述不正确的一项是( )(2分)
A．本篇是针对当时“体情之制日疏，逐文之篇愈盛”的创作风气而发的，作者认为有纯正充沛的思想感情，又善于运用健美的文采；情采交融，这才能说服读者，打动人心。
B．第②段从文情关系的角度总结了两种不同的文学创作道路：一种是《诗经》以来“为文而造情”的优良传统，一种是后世“为情而造文”的不良倾向。
C．作者指出“采滥辞诡”的危害是极其严重的，正确的文学创作道路，应是首先确立内容，然后造文施采，使内容与形式密切配合，而写成文质兼备的理想作品。
D．作者认识到文学艺术的内容和形式是相互依存的，因而应该文质并重。他也强调文必有采，但必须以“述志为本”，不能以文害质。
24.刘勰认为好的文章应是内容与形式兼顾，请联系高一教材中的任一篇目加以阐释。(3分)
答：_____________________
二 写 作(40分)
25．以“不该失去的记忆”为题，写一篇文章。
要求：
(1)自选角度，自定文体。
(2)不少于800字。
(3)不要写成诗歌，不得透露个人相关信息。
2012学年第二学期阶段检测试卷
高一年级 语文学科参考答案
(一)阅读下文，完成第1-5题。(12分)
1．(2分)列举人们把美感和快感混为一谈的现象(1分)，引出下文对两者之异的思考与分析(1分)。
2．(2分)口腹有同嗜而艺术趣味却往往随人而异(意近即可)
3．(2分)美感与实用活动无关，而快感则起于实际要求的满足；美感经验是直觉的而不是反省的。(共两点，每点给1分)
4．(2分)但是(或：“然而”等)(1分) 理由：上句的“很容易了解”与下句的“不明白这个很浅显的道理”（1分）意思相反，形成转折（1分）。
5．(4分)A D（A：在第①段中作者认为“客去茶香余舌本”，“冰肌玉骨，自清凉无汗”等名句中提到的味觉、触觉等低等感官也能产生美感。 D：应是“由直觉变为反省”）
(二)阅读下文，完成第6-11题。(13分)
6．(2分)D(“物是人非”表示景物依然，人事已非，强调人事的变化；而本句意在强调生活节奏随着时间的变化而加快，应使用“时过境迁”等成语更合适)
7．(1分)叶圣陶
8．(2分)(1)同时代的人相继离世；(2)小辈们先后独立与离家。
9．(1分)是否把聊天内容当作重要的事
10．(4分)D E(A项：全家惦记祖父生日，是因为祖父喜欢过生日；B项：一年过两个生日，只因祖父喜欢过生日时的热闹，反衬祖父平时的寂寞，跟“童心”无关；C项：祖父所作的这些事只为打发寂寞，为他人忙碌的背后恰恰反映祖父的寂寞常被我们忽视)
11．(3分)旧式情感的含义，1分；结合课文内容分析，2分。
示例：所谓“旧式的情感”，依据文意，是指在漫长的岁月中形成的相濡以沫的情感(1分)。杨绛一家与老王互帮互助，历经战乱及文革等困难时期，这种情感就是一种老式的情感。
(三)默写。(5分)【任选5空，超过5空，按前5空评分】
12．(1)吴宫花草埋幽径(2)欲辨已忘言(3)玉簪螺髻(4)唇亡齿寒(5)燕尾绣蝥弧(6)阴晴众壑殊(7)水澹澹兮生烟
(四)阅读下文，完成第13-15题。(6分)
13、(1分)古体
14．(2分)B(全是借景抒情)
15. (3分)描写角度（动静、远近、俯仰、有声无声等）1分，具体赏析2分。
示例：画线四句诗，描写景物角度丰富，前两句写远树绿意葱茏，轻烟云水在山中弥漫缭绕；后两句写游鱼嬉戏在清水绿荷间，林中小鸟喧闹飞散后，落英缤纷，无声飘落(1分)；由远及近，以声衬静，创造了远景迷蒙、近景明朗的初夏暮春奇景异色(1分)，表达了诗人在欣赏留恋中忘却苦恼的愉悦之情(1分)。
(五)阅读下文，完成第16-19题。(12分)
16．(4分)(1)等到(2)喂养(3)指儿童时代(4)拜访，看望
17．(2分)C(A：修饰关系连词；同“尔”，你的，代词。 B：在，介词；和，介词。 C：用，介词。 D：她，代词；音节助词，无义)
18．(4分)(1)东家的狗对着西家叫，客人得穿过厨房去吃饭。(重点词：西、庖，2分)(2)庭院中开始时建了篱笆，不久变成了墙，总共变了两次。(重点词：已、凡，2分)
19．(2分)家族衰败、慈母早逝
(六)阅读下文，完成第20-24题。(12分)
20．(3分)这句是全文的主旨句。作者用织布时经纬线的交错(1分)来比喻(1分)文章应该是情理(内容)与文辞(形式)的结合，形象生动而又句式齐整(1分)。
21．(2分)《诗经》的产生，是由于诗人心中蓄积了愤懑不平之气(1分)，于是吟唱出来，用以讽劝那些在上位的人(1分)。
22．(2分)淫丽、烦滥
23．(2分)B
24．(3分)篇名1分，内容分析1分，形式分析1分。
示例：古诗词如柳永的《八声甘州》（1分），作者通过秋暮雨景、雨后暮景、凋零秋景等三幅画面的描摹，写出秋天凄凉萧飒之景，由景生情，抒发了思乡和怀人情怀（内容1分）。全词分别用“对”“不忍”两词领起上、下片，结构严谨而又动荡开合（1分）。是文质兼美的好作品。
小说如《项链》（1分），以项链为线索（1分），通过借项链、丢项链、赔项链、得知项链是假的等跌宕起伏的情节，表现了女主人公因虚荣而导致的悲剧命运（1分）。是文质兼美的好作品。
散文如《合欢树》（1分），前半部分通过“我”十岁、二十岁、三十岁的命运变化，表现了母爱的深沉、无私，后半部分以合欢树的栽种、成长来追忆母亲，表现母爱对“我”的影响，从而使合欢树成为母爱的象征。全文以“合欢树”为题，将前后部分严丝合缝地交融在一起（2分）。是文质兼美的好作品。
参考译文：
思想感情是文采的经线，言辞是思想内容的纬线。只有经线正了，用纬线才能织成布帛；只有思想内容确立了，语言才能通达流畅。这是作文章的根本法则。
从前《诗经》的作者写作诗歌，是为了抒发感情而创作作品；后来的辞赋家写作辞赋，是为了创作而故意造作感情。凭什么知道他们是这样的呢？因为《诗经》的产生，是由于诗人心中蓄积了愤懑不平之气，因而吟唱出来，用以讽劝那些在上位的人，这就是为了抒发感情才创作文艺作品。后代辞赋家之流，胸中本来就没有感情郁结，却随意施展夸张文饰的手法，借此沽名钓誉，这就是为了创作才造作感情。所以为了抒发感情而写的作品，语言简练而真实；为作文而造作感情的作品，文辞繁杂且空泛失真。可是后来的作者却采用浮泛的语言，忽视真情实感，抛弃了古代《诗经》的传统，效法近世辞赋的弊病，因此表现真实感情的作品日渐稀少，片面追求词藻华丽的篇章却越来越多。所以有人热衷于高官厚禄，却空泛地吟咏田园的隐居生活；心里老是牵挂着繁忙庸俗的政务，却空洞地描述尘世之外的情趣。真情实感没有一点，写的跟想的恰好相反。桃李从不自夸，人们自然会在树下踩出一条条小路，那是由于枝头有果实存在。相传男子种出的兰花不能发出幽香，那是由于他们没有细腻的感情。象草木那样微小的事物，尚且要依赖感情结出果实，何况文章，以抒情述志为本。写的作品与自己的心志完全相反，这样的作品难道值得效法！
因此连缀文辞运用文采，为的是要表达思想；要是文彩浮滥、言辞虚伪，那么思想内容会被遮蔽得愈加模糊。要知道用翡翠羽毛来做钓丝，用肉桂来作钓饵，反而是钓不到鱼的原因。（庄子所说的）“言语的真义被文采所掩盖”，大概指的就是这种现象吧。所以有人穿着锦衣，外面还要再罩上一件单衣，是因为讨厌文彩过于显露；贲卦的最后一爻是白，这就说明事物贵在回复到朴质的本性。
25．(40分)须厘清以下问题：谁的记忆？什么记忆？如何失去？为何不该失去？
可以是抽象的记忆，如节俭、童心、方言、梦想、自信、幸福、文化……
也可以是具象的记忆，如城市、乡村、老街、田园、亲人、朋友、先辈……
可以组合而成，如：
城市，不该失去的文化记忆
乡村，不该失去的幸福记忆
朋友，不该失去的童年记忆
先辈，不该失去的梦想记忆……
作文评分标准：(40分)
一类卷(36—40）基准分38分
能准确把握题意，立意深刻，选材恰当，中心突出，内容充实，感情真挚，结构严谨，语言流畅，有文采。
二类卷（30—35）基准分33分
符合题意，立意较深刻，选材较恰当，中心明确，内容较充实，感情真实，结构完整，语言通顺。
三类卷（21—29）基准分25分
基本符合题意，立意一般，选材尚恰当，中心尚明确，内容尚充实，感情尚真实，结构基本完整，语言基本通顺，偶有病句。
四类卷（13—20）基准分17分
偏离题意，立意或选材不恰当，中心不明确，内容单薄，结构不够完整，语言欠通顺，语病较多。
五类卷（12分以下） 符合以下一项即为五类：
(1)脱离题意。(2)文理不通。(3)全文不足400字。
说明：
(1)未写题目扣2分。(2)错别字1个扣1分，至多扣3分。(3)标点错误多，酌情扣1—2分。(4)文面不整洁，酌情扣1—2分；文面整洁美观，酌情加1—2分。(5)各校作文均分控制在28分上下。

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