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江苏省扬州市2022年中考英语真题试卷
一、单项选择，在下列各题A、B、C、D四个选项中选择一个能填入题干空白处的最佳答案。（共15小题：每小题1分，计15分）
1．（2022·扬州）China has helped end 70% of poverty worldwide since ________ late 1970s, according to ________ World Bank.
A．a; a B．the; the C．a; the D．the; a
2．（2022·扬州）Place names often have interesting connections ________ the local landscape and people.
A．in B．on C．at D．to
3．（2022·扬州）________ astronauts go on spacewalks, they wear spacesuits to keep themselves safe.
A．Though B．Till C．When D．Unless
4．（2022·扬州）Xia Sen ________ a simple life and saves her money for donations.
A．lives B．lived C．was living D．will live
5．（2022·扬州）—Tell me, Grandma. ________ is your favourite person in the whole wide world
—That's easy! It's you!
A．What B．Who C．How D．Whom
6．（2022·扬州）We youths do our best for our dreams and together a small success can give us a sense of ________ .
A．achievement B．department C．treatment D．entertainment
7．（2022·扬州）Protect your hearing. Don't wait until you ________ hear a thing.
A．needn't B．mustn't C．shouldn't D．can't
8．（2022·扬州）In such cheerful conversation, the time ________ all too quickly.
A．went up B．went down C．went by D．went back
9．（2022·扬州）It's ________ of the boy to leave the tap running.
A．endless B．homeless C．meaningless D．careless
10．（2022·扬州）—May I speak to Wang Li
—Sorry, she is not at home. She ________ since last month.
A．left B．has left C．has been away D．went away
11．（2022·扬州）________ the people locked inside, the firemen broke down the door.
A．Reach B．To reach C．Reaching D．To reaching
12．（2022·扬州）People in cold areas ________ warm colours to calm colours in their homes.
A．protect B．prefer C．pronounce D．practise
13．（2022·扬州）—I hear that you took part in a forest clean-up activity last Sunday.
—Yes, it ________ by our school green club to protect forests.
A．organizes B．organized
C．was organized D．will be organized
14．（2022·扬州）—Excuse me, could you tell me ________
—You can take No 6 bus there. It's about 15 minutes' ride.
A．how far is the Slender West Lake
B．how far the Slender West Lake is
C．how can I get to the Slender West Lake
D．how I can get to the Slender West Lake
15．（2022·扬州）— My pet dog died yesterday. I'm in a bad mood.
—________. I know how it feels.
A．Sorry to hear that B．That's not the case
C．Never mind D．It's a pleasure
二、完形填空（共15小题：每小题1分，计15分）
（2022·扬州）阅读下面短文，从文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
Late one night. Gulliver received a warning that some nobles wanted him killed. Even the emperor of Lilliput wanted to give him less food to save 16． . It was true Gulliver was very expensive.
Quickly, he wrote a letter to the emperor, "I'm 17． to visit Blefuscu, as I promised. "
Then he hurried down to the sea 18． Lilliput and Blefuscu.
The king of Blefuscu himself came out to meet him.
"Welcome!" cried the king. "Stay as 19． as you like. "
Walking on the beach a week later, Gulliver saw out at sea a small boat — but a full—sized one. It was 20． upside down in the water.
Gulliver rushed to the king. He begged, "Can you help me rescue the boat This could be my chance to go home. "
"Of course" said the king "Take some ships to help you."
Gulliver swam out to the boat, holding ropes from each of the 21． .
With the ships pulling and Gulliver 22． , the boat was brought safely to shore.
Gulliver and the king's men set about fixing the boat for his long journey home. Soon, the boat was finished.
"I'd like to leave now, " Gulliver told the king. "But no one at home will 23． my story. Could I take some of your people with me "
"I can't possibly 24． that" said the king. "But you may take some 25． and a sheep. "
He also gave Gulliver fifty bags of gold coins. "I don't want you to go" he said. "But I understand 26． you have to "
"Thank you, " said Gulliver. "I'll never 27． you all. "
After only a few days at sea in his boat, Gulliver saw a ship. He shouted and waved wildly.
He was 28． ! One sailor found him The ship sailed over and 29． Gulliver "Where have you come from " asked the captain "A place called Lilliput, " said Gulliver and he showed the captain the 30． from the emperor.
The captain was so surprised. For a few gold coins and a couple of cows, he agreed to take Gulliver all the way home.
—Adapted from Gulliver s Travels
16．A．life B．time C．money D．energy
17．A．against B．beyond C．off D．through
18．A．between B．among C．upon D．during
19．A．long B．far C．often D．soon
20．A．taking B．falling C．swimming D．floating
21．A．boats B．ships C．men D．sails
22．A．filling B．shaking C．pushing D．carrying
23．A．make B．expect C．suppose D．believe
24．A．require B．refuse C．avoid D．allow
25．A．food B．people C．coins D．cows
26．A．when B．how C．why D．whether
27．A．forget B．regret C．force D．obey
28．A．in danger B．in luck C．in fear D．in peace
29．A．picked up B．gave up C．set up D．dressed up
30．A．awards B．presents C．victims D．rewards
三、阅读理解，阅读下列内容，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。（共15小题：每小题2分，计30分）
（2022·扬州）阅读理解
Wetlands are any land that is flooded with shallow water all or most of
the time. They are a natural water holding system.
There are many types of wetlands. Among them,
bogs,
marshes
and swamps are the three main types. The different types of wetlands have different kinds of plants.
Only
mosses（苔藓）and a few other kinds of
plants can grow in bogs Grassy plants like cattails（香蒲）and reeds（芦苇） are the most common plants
in a marsh. A swamp is a forest whose ground is underwater all or most of the time.
Unlike
bogs or marshes, a swamp is full of trees and bushes.
It's
not a good idea to go exploring a swamp without a guide. There are hidden pools of
water, thick mud,
and
sometimes big crocodiles （鳄鱼）looking for their next meal.
Hungry crocodiles aren't the only animals that make
the wetlands their home. Otters,
turtles,
frogs,
snakes
and many other animals do too. The water is home to many
kinds of fish and crabs. Birds,
including
ducks, geese and cranes,
use
wetlands seasonally during their long migrations.
Wetlands are important because they provide habitats for
plants
and animals. A wetland system can also protect shorelines,
make
polluted waters clean, prevent floods,
and
restore underground water supplies.
According to WWF, more than half of the
world's wetlands have disappeared since the beginning of the 20th century. If this continues,
countless
plant and animal species will surely die out.
Without
wetlands, cities have to spend more money to treat water.
Don't
feel helpless. Try to do your part to protect them right now.
Here
are some ideas.
31．According to Paragraph 2, what can you see in a swamp
A．Mosses. B．Cattails. C．Reeds. D．Trees.
32．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE
A．Wetlands are a man-made water holding system.
B．There are three types of wetlands in the world.
C．People can not meet with big crocodiles in wetlands.
D．Wetlands can protect shorelines and prevent floods.
33．What is the writer probably going to talk about after Paragraph 5
A．What are the different types of wetlands
B．What will happen if wetlands disappear
C．What actions can people take to protect wetlands
D．What other kinds of plants and animals live in wetlands
（2022·扬州）阅读理解
Every month, Julia and her cousins would go for the big family meal at
their grandparents' house. On each visit,
their
grandpa would give them a few coins. Then all the children
would run off to buy sweets. One day,
he
gathered the children together. He said,
"Let's
have a competition to see who can manage money wisely.
At the
end of this year, tell me how you've used your money.
"
Ruben and Nico, the two smallest kids,
continued
spending their money all on sweets. Every time,
they
would show off their sweets in front of the other children.
This
made Clara and Joe so angry that these two could no longer keep saving
their money. They soon joined Ruben and Nico.
Monty was a clever boy. He decided to manage his
money by buying and selling things. Soon he made a lot of money
with little effort. The way he was going,
he
would end up almost a rich man. However,
he
began to spend his money on more and more expensive things for himself.
A few
months later, he hadn't a single penny （便士）left.
Alex saved and saved all the coins he was given,
and at
the end of the year he had collected more money than anyone.
He was
the clear winner.
There was also Julia. Poor Julia hadn't a penny
on the day of the competition. She had spent all her
coins on her secret plan. Julia knew a poor violinist
who played in the park, and she offered him all the coins for his violin lessons.
Although
it wasn't much money, on seeing Julia's excitement,
the
violinist agreed. A little after a year the violinist loaned her
a violin so they two could play together in the park.
They
were so successful that she managed to buy her own violin. Even better,
she
later became a very famous violinist.
34．Why did the children's grandpa suggest the competition to them
A．To encourage them to win competitions.
B．To teach them how to manage their money.
C．To tell them money was important to them.
D．To know who was the cleverest child in the family.
35．The underlined words"these two"in Paragraph 2 refer to（指的是）_______.
A．Clara and Joe B．Ruben and Nico
C．Monty and Alex D．Alex and Julia
36．What can we learn from Julia's story？
A．Get rich slow，or get poor fast.
B．Little effort always brings much money.
C．A little money well spent can help realize your dreams.
D．It is not wise of you to spend all the money you've got.
37．What is the best title for the passage？
A．Grandpa's coins B．Julia's cousins
C．A saving competition D．A happy family
（2022·扬州）阅读理解
My five-year-old son befriends the woman. It starts with voices in the yard. When I come out to check on Daniel, his face is pressed on the fence （篱笆）.
The woman says, "You wait right here; I'll be right back. "
She returns with a saw （锯子）. There's a whirring. A circle in the wooden fence drops out of sight.
"Dad! Sandy just drilled out a hole in the fence. so Sandy and me can talk!" Daniel spins around.
I hadn't known her name was Sandy. We've lived here a month before Daniel was born.
Daniel's and Sandy's murmuring voices continue. Whenever Daniel is outside, he circles near the fence that isn't a fence any more. Some days my son just goes to stand at the hole, yelling, "Sandy! Saaaaandyyyyy!" Sometimes I hear bits of their talk.
"We painted a ghost at school. "
Or: "Wheeler and Jackson were playing football, and they told me. I couldn't play "
"That wasn't very nice, "says Sandy. "Did that hurt your feelings Did you let them know that "
I can't hear how he replies. A moment of envy runs through me. He never talks about his school things with me
Daniel and Sandy not only keep chatting through the hole, they also exchange gifts. A coloring book, then a Hot Wheels car. It's unclear what Daniel gives Sandy in return.
One afternoon, I hear Sandy's voice floating over the top of the fence with the hole. "I thought maybe Daniel could come for a play date. "
We ring the bell on Sandy's porch. She's a middle—aged woman with smiling eyes. Sandy's yard is sweet with the smell of flowers. We have a pleasant afternoon with Sandy, my son's adult friend, the first friend Daniel has made on his own. ________
A month later, Sandy leaves to care for her mother in Kansas. She left behind a box of presents: a coloring book, sidewalk chalk, the missing orange part in the Hot Wheels track. When I look at Daniel, he's looking down at his shoes.
He sometimes wanders down to the fence. Instead of calling "Sandy! Saaaaandyyyyy!" he cries. "Hello! Helloooooo!''
One day, Daniel receives Sandy's postcard. They write frequently, warmly.
38．Which of the following is the correct order of the story
a. Sandy leaves for Kansas to care for her mother.
b. Daniel and Sandy exchange gifts through the hole.
c. Daniel and Sandy are good pen friends.
d. Sandy drills out a hole in the fence.
e. Sandy invites Daniel to come to her yard for a play date.
A．dbeac B．badec C．dceab D．ecadb
39．Which sentence should go in the empty box in Paragraph 4 from the bottom
A．The neighbourhood I grew up in has a fence like this.
B．We've passed through the hole in the fence.
C．Beyond that fence stands Sandy's blue house.
D．I'm a person who looks on the bad side of the fence.
40．What can we know about Daniel from the underlined sentences in the story
A．He doesn't care about Sandy's leaving.
B．He is impressed with the shoes from Sandy.
C．He is heartbroken when hearing the news.
D．He does not want to be Sandy's friend any more.
41．Which sentence best expresses the theme of the story
A．Parents are children's best friends.
B．Trust and friendship can go beyond ages.
C．A good fence makes a good neighbour.
D．Grass is greener on the other side of the fence.
（2022·扬州）阅读理解
Researchers at China Aerospace Science and Industry Corp, a State—owned defense contractor, have developed and made the world's first robot whale shark（鲸鲨）.
The robotic shark has been on display in an aquarium（水族馆）at Shanghai Haichang Ocean Park since January.
A whale shark is a slow—moving carpet shark and the largest known living fish.
Designed and built by engineers at the Shenyang—based No 111 Factory, the underwater robot is 4.7 meters long, weighs 350 kilograms and can move 42 meters a minute.
Powered by a lithium battery, it can swim, turn, float and dive like a real shark by moving its mechanical fins（鳍）. The mouth and gills（鳃）can also open and close like a shark's. The biomimetic shark is made of sensors（传感器）, multi-joint fins, batteries, and systems which enable it to avoid what's in the way in all directions.
"The robot can reach a depth of 10 meters and work for as long as 10 hours, "said Fang Xuelin, a senior researcher in charge of the robot shark program.
"The shark can be remotely controlled and can also swim based on preset programs or its own sensors, "he said.
"We have built multiple kinds of robot fishes.…he robotic whale shark is the largest mechanical fish we have made so far, "Fang added. "Our robots are to serve three purposes—to perform in aquariums for entertainment, spread knowledge about the sea and aquatic（水生的）animals among youngsters, and carry out scientific tasks such as hydrological surveys, underwater photography and environmental inspection. "
"The factory now plans to develop more types of aquatic robots, including some extinct mammals（哺乳动物）, for display in parks and schools. It will also promote the products to businesses engaged in fields such as underwater salvage and mineral prospecting, "he said.
42．The whale shark on display is __________.
A．the world's first robot B．the largest living fish
C．a 7.4-meter-long shark D．a robotic shark
43．What does the underlined word"biomimetic"in Paragraph 5 mean
A．仿生的 B．虚拟的 C．杂交的 D．变异的
44．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．The shark is the first mechanical fish made at the factory.
B．Powered by a lithium battery, the shark can swim without stopping.
C．The factory has built multiple kinds of robot fishes including the shark.
D．The factory has developed some extinct mammals for display in parks.
45．What does Paragraph 8 mainly talk about
A．The limits of the aquatic robots.
B．The purposes of the aquatic robots.
C．The progress in making aquatic robots.
D．The steps to developing aquatic robots.
四、词汇运用，根据句子意思，用括号中所给汉语提示或英语单词的适当形式埴空。在横线上写出空缺处所填单词的正确形式。（每空一词）（共10小题：每小题1分，计10分）
46．（2022·扬州）Let me repeat 　 　 what he just said. （exact）
47．（2022·扬州）Excuse me, what problems are we really 　 　 to solve （try）
48．（2022·扬州）A 　 　 competitive spirit can push people to try to be better. （health）
49．（2022·扬州）After a night's rain, the mountains are much greener and the air is much 　 　 . （fresh）
50．（2022·扬州）Working as a team means celebrating 　 　 and facing losses together. （victory）
51．（2022·扬州）Life is like a box of 　 　 ; you never know what you're gonna get. （巧克力）
52．（2022·扬州）The Communist Party of China is now leading the nation toward building a great 　 　 socialist country. （现代的）
53．（2022·扬州）　 　 minutes after she left, it started to snow heavily. （三十）
54．（2022·扬州）If we drop litter in a public place, we'll be 　 　 by the police. （罚款）
55．（2022·扬州）Mum joined our little group and introduced 　 　 to our new friends. （她自己）
五、阅读表达（共5小题：每小题2分，计10分）
（2022·扬州）阅读短文，回答下面5个问题。（每题答案不超过10个词）
You don't know me unless you read a book called The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. Huck's my name, Huckleberry Finn. That book ends like this: my best friend, Tom Sawyer, and I found $12, 000 in gold in a cave. We became rich. We got $6, 000 each.
My mother died long ago and then my dad, Pap, disappeared. He was always drunk and he often beat me. Then a kind old lady called Widow Douglas took me into her home to live. She gave me a bed to sleep in and bought new clothes for me. She read stories to me and taught me how to eat at a table. She sent me to school every day.
I hated those new clothes. I missed my old life. I put on my old clothes and ran away and was free and happy, but Tom Sawyer found me and said that if I wanted to join his club, I would have to return to live with the widow. For this reason, I returned to live with her.
The months passed and winter came. The weather got cold. One morning I woke up and there was snow on the ground. On my way to school I saw some footprints outside the widow's house. My heart jumped. Pap!
"He's heard about my money, "I thought. "And he wants it!"
When I lit my candle and went up to my room that night, there sat Pap —his own self! I expected to be scared of him now, but I wasn't. I stood looking at him; he set there—looking at me.
Pap was nearly fifty years old. His black hair was long and uncombed and dirty. He had allowed hair to grow on his face, which was ghostly white. Just looking at the ugly white skin made me feel sick. His clothes —dirty and torn. His feet showed through large holes in his shoes. His hat was on the floor—an old black hat with a large hole in it.
—Taken from The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
56．Who is telling the story
57．How did Tom and Huck
become rich
58．Why did Widow Douglas take Huck in to live with her
59．Why did Huck return to
live with Widow Douglas
60．What is Huck's father like
in your eyes Why do you think so
六、缺词填空（共10空；每空1分，计10分）
（2022·扬州）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在横线上完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词）
The Grand Canal（大运河）is a man—made waterway that runs north and south in eastern China. Dating back 2, 500 years and stretching 1, 794 kilometers, it is among the world's oldest and l　61． 　 canals. Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum is located on the bank of the ancient Grand Canal in Yangzhou, one of the eight c　62． 　 in Jiangsu province sitting along the Grand Canal.
The museum o 　63． 　 its doors to the public on June 16, 2021. It covers an area of some 80, 000 square meters. It has two structures:a four—story building in the s　64． 　 of a giant ship waiting to set sail, and a 100—meter—tall Tang—Dynasty—style tower.
The museum has 11 themed exhibitions（展览）. They are telling the h　65． 　 of the Sui—Tang Grand Canal built during the Sui and Tang Dynasties（581—907）, the Beijing—Hangzhou Grand Canal and the East Zhejiang Canal. These canals offer a wealth of historic and cultural attractions w　66． 　 they continue to be used for transport, irrigation（灌溉）and flood control. The 25. 7—meter—long, 8—meter—high ancient Bian River section is c　67． 　 by many as the "treasure of the museum".
So far, the museum has over 10, 000 exhibits（展品）, including 20 groups of large ones, making it the best collection to show the grandness of the canal and h　68． 　 people changed nature.
Passing t　69． 　 the exhibition hall and into the antiquated（老式的）streets, visitors can see restaurants and shops along the street, as if walking in the water village on the canal during the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum is different from all the other m　70． 　 which are themed on the Grand Canal in China. Why not come and visit it yourself？
七、句子翻译，将下列句子译成英语，并将所译句子写在横线上。（共5小题；每小题2分，计10分）
71．（2022·扬州）
我们能做什么来帮助有需要的人？
72．（2022·扬州）不用时，请关掉电灯、电视和电脑。
73．（2022·扬州）秋天，树叶变黄，从树上落下。
74．（2022·扬州）当别人说话时，这名护士能足够耐心地认真倾听。
75．（2022·扬州）我希望今年暑假我们能和朋友共度更多的时光。
八、写作（计20分）
76．（2022·扬州）最近，你校开展了"巧手制书签，书香满校园"主题活动，请你以"A DIY bookmark for my favourite book"为题，根据表格中的内容提示写一篇英语短文，向学校英文报的读书专栏投稿，介绍制作书签的目的和过程，并分享制作心得。
Why you made it help enjoy reading your favourite book(name, type of book, what you like most)
How you made it Materials & Tools card scissors, glue…
steps cut the card into… draw a picture of… write(your favourite sentence from the book or a famous saying or…） …
How you felt …
要求：1）表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯；
2）必须包括提示中的所有信息，并按要求适当发挥；
3）词数：100词左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）；
4）不得使用真实姓名、校名和地名等。
A DIY bookmark for my favourite book
Last week I took part in our school's Reading&Bookmark—making activity.
答案解析部分
1．【答案】B
【知识点】用于专有名词前；用于时间、年代、传统节日前
【解析】【分析】句意：世界银行的数据显示，自上世纪70年代末以来，中国已经帮助全球消除了70%的贫困人口。根据空格处可知表示年代，用“the+年份复数”，表示“在几世纪几十年代”，排除AC；第二空根据World Bank，世界银行，是专有名词，前加定冠词the。故选B。
【点评】考查冠词，注意识记年代和专有名词中的用法。
2．【答案】D
【知识点】介词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：地名通常与当地景观和人有着有趣的联系。in，在……里，on，在……上，根据句意可知当地景观和人有联系，固定短语have connections to，和……有联系。故选D。
【点评】考查介词，注意识记固定短语的用法。
3．【答案】C
【知识点】连词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：当宇航员进行太空行走时，他们会穿着宇航服来保护自己的安全。Though虽然， Till直到，When当……时候，Unless除非，根据空格后 astronauts go on spacewalks, they wear spacesuits to keep themselves safe.可知是当他们在太空行走时，他们会穿着宇航服保护自己，when引导时间状语从句。故选C。
【点评】考查连词辨析，注意识记连词的用法。
4．【答案】A
【知识点】表示目前存在的状态、性质或经常发生的动作或习惯
【解析】【分析】句意：夏森过着简朴的生活，攒钱捐款。根据空格后and saves her money for donations.可知时态为一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单三。故选A。
【点评】考查动词的时态，注意识记一般现在时的用法。
5．【答案】B
【知识点】特殊疑问句
【解析】【分析】句意：——爷爷，告诉我，全世界你最喜欢的人是谁？——这很简单，是你！根据答句It's you!可知上文询问的是人，且疑问句在句中做主语，用疑问代词who。故选B。
【点评】考查特殊疑问词，注意识记特殊疑问词的用法。
6．【答案】A
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：我们年轻人尽我们最大的努力实现我们的梦想，共同取得一个小小的胜利就会给我们一种成就感。achievement成就， department部门， treatment治疗， entertainment娱乐，根据a small success can give us a sense of，可知表达的是成就感，用名词achievement。故选A。
【点评】考查名词辨析，注意识记名词的词义。
7．【答案】D
【知识点】情态动词
【解析】【分析】句意：保护你的听力。不要等到你什么也听不见。needn't不必，mustn't禁止，shouldn't不应该，can't不能，根据Protect your hearing. 可知不保护听力就不能听到声音了，应用can't，故选D。
【点评】考查情态动词辨析，注意识记can的用法。
8．【答案】C
【知识点】短语动词
【解析】【分析】句意：在这么欢快的对话中，时间流逝也很快。went up上升，went down沉下，went by流逝，went back追溯，根据空格前the time以及too quickly，可知表达时间流逝地快，应用went by，故选C。
【点评】考查动词短语，注意识记went by的用法。
9．【答案】D
【知识点】形容词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：这个男孩离开时忘记关水龙头很粗心大意。endless无止境的，homeless无家可归的，meaningless无意义的，careless粗心大意的，根据空格后to leave the tap running，可知表达男孩走的时候没关水龙头很粗心大意。故选D。
【点评】考查形容词辨析，注意识记形容词的词义。
10．【答案】C
【知识点】非延续性动词与延续性动词的转换
【解析】【分析】句意：——我可以和王丽说话吗？——对不起，她不在家，从上个月开始，她就离开了。根据空格后 since last month，可知句子应使用现在完成时have/has done，排除AD，此处应用延续性动词，而left是非延续性动词，故选C。
【点评】考查现在完成时，注意识记现在完成时中延续性动词的用法。
11．【答案】B
【知识点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：为了接触被锁在里面的人，消防员破门而入。分析句子可知the people locked inside，的目的是the firemen broke down the door。作目的状语用动词不定式。故选B。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，注意识记非谓语动词的用法。
12．【答案】B
【知识点】动词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：寒冷地区的人们更喜欢家中是暖色系，而不是冷色系。根据空格后 warm colours to calm colours，可知是两种色系的对比，又因固定搭配 prefer…to，与……相比，更喜欢……，故选B。
【点评】考查动词辨析，注意识记动词的固定搭配的用法。
13．【答案】C
【知识点】一般过去时的被动语态
【解析】【分析】句意：——我听说你上周日参加了森林清理活动。——是的，我们学校的环保俱乐部组织了这次活动来保护森林。根据 last Sunday，可知时态是一般过去时，主语it指的是a forest clean-up activity，和动词之间是被动关系，表达被组织，应用一般过去时的被动语态，故选C。
【点评】考查动词的时态和语态，注意一般过去时的被动语态的用法。
14．【答案】D
【知识点】连接代词或连接副词引导；陈述语序
【解析】【分析】句意：——打扰一下，你能告诉我怎么去西湖吗？——你可以去在那里乘坐6路公交车。大约十五分钟的车程。根据空格前tell me，可知句子为宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除AC；根据回答You can take No 6 bus there.。可知上文应询问如何去某地，用how引导宾语从句，故选D。
【点评】考查宾语从句，注意识记宾语从句的用法。
15．【答案】A
【知识点】情景交际
【解析】【分析】句意：——我的宠物狗昨天死了，我的心情很不好。——很抱歉听到这个消息，我知道那是什么感觉。Sorry to hear that很抱歉听到这个消息， That's not the case事实并非如此，Never mind没关系，It's a pleasure别客气，根据上文My pet dog died yesterday. Tm in a bad mood。可知此处应对别人的不幸遭遇表示同情，故选A。
【点评】考查情景交际，注意根据不同语境选择答案。
【答案】16．C；17．C；18．A；19．A；20．D；21．B；22．C；23．D；24．D；25．D；26．C；27．A；28．B；29．A；30．B
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述格列佛在国王的帮助下修好了船只，带着国王的礼物回到了自己的国家。
【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。
16．句意：就连小人国的皇帝也想少给他食物以省钱。life生活，time时间，money金钱，energy能量，根据下文It was true Gulliver was very expensive.格列佛确实非常昂贵。可知皇帝是为了省钱才给他少量的食物，故选C。
17．句意：我要离开去不来斯库。against反对，beyond超过，off离开，through通过，根据下文to visit Blefuscu，可知他要离开小人国去不来斯库，故选C。
18．句意：然后他急忙下到小人国和不来斯库之间的海里。between在……之间，among在……之间，upon在上面，during在……期间，根据空格后Lilliput and Blefuscu。可知海在两国之间，用between，故选A。
19．句意：你喜欢待多久就待多久。long长的，far远的，often经常，soon很快，根据空格前后Stay as ……as you like，可知此处是指多长时间，而短语as long as you like，想待多久待多久，故选A。
20．句意：它上下颠倒地漂浮在水里。taking带走，falling掉落，swimming游泳，floating漂浮，根据upside down in the water，可知船漂浮在海里，故选D。
21．句意：格列佛游到船上，拿着每艘船上的绳索。boats小船，ships船，men男人，sails航行，根据With the ships pulling，可知此处指的是船上的绳子，故选B。
22．句意：随着船只的拉动和格列佛的推动，船被安全地带到了岸边。filling充满，shaking摇晃，pushing推，carrying相信，根据空格前With the ships pulling and Gulliver，可知船拉是格列佛在推，故选C。
23．句意：但是没有人会相信我的故事。make制作，expect期待，suppose推断，believe相信，根据下文Could I take some of your people with me 可知他要带一些人走，因为他的家乡的人不会相信他的故事。故选D。
24．句意：我可能不会允许。require需要，refuse拒绝，avoid避免，allow允许，根据下文But you may take some…… and a sheep. 可知国王不允许他带人走，让他带一些牛和羊，故选D。
25．句意：但是你可以带一些牛和羊。food食物，people人，coins硬币，cows牛，根据空格后and a sheep.和一头羊，可知此处也应是动物，国王给了他一些牛，故选D。
26．句意：但是我理解你为什么不得不走。when什么时候，how怎样，why为什么，whether是否，根据空格前understand，理解，可知理解的是不得不走的原因，也就是为什么不得不走，故选C。
27．句意：我永远不会忘记你们所有人。forget忘记，regret后悔，force迫使，obey服从，根据空格后you all，你们所有人，此处是指不会忘记所有人，故选A。
28．句意：他很幸运。in danger处于危险中，in luck幸运，in fear害怕，in peace和平地，根据下文One sailor found him，一个士兵发现了他，可知他很幸运，有人发现他，故选B。
29．句意：船驶过，接走了格列佛。picked up捡起，gave up放弃，set up建立，dressed up装扮，根据空格前The ship sailed over，可知这个船接载了他，故选A。
30．句意：他向船长展示了皇帝的礼物。awards奖，presents礼物，victims受害者，rewards报酬，根据下文For a few gold coins and a couple of cows, 可知牛和羊是皇帝送给他的礼物，故选B。
【答案】31．D
32．D
33．C
【知识点】自然地理类；议论文
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍三种不同的湿地，不同的湿地有不同的植物和动物，而且湿地很重要，所以我们要采取行动保护湿地。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和推断题两种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。
31．细节理解题，根据a swamp is full of trees and bushes.可知在沼泽地里有树木和灌木，故选D。
32．细节理解题，根据A wetland system can also protect shorelines, make polluted waters clean, prevent floods, and restore underground water supplies.可知湿地系统还可以保护海岸线，净化被污染的水域，防止洪水，恢复地下水供应。故选D。
33．推理判断题，根据Try to do your part to protect them right now. Here are some ideas.可知现在就尽你所能保护他们。以下是一些想法。接下来会介绍如何保护湿地，故选C。
【答案】34．B
35．A
36．C
37．C
【知识点】教育类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文讲述爷爷为教导孩子们如何理财，而开展的一场特殊的比赛，看每个人如何花钱，孩子们明白，通过好好计划，很少的钱也可以带来意想不到的收获。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
34．细节理解题，根据Let's have a competition to see who can manage money wisely. 我们来比赛一下，看谁能明智地理财。故选B。
35．推理判断题，根据This made Clara and Joe so angry that these two could no longer keep saving their money. They soon joined Ruben and Nico.这使克拉拉和乔非常生气，他们俩再也攒不下钱了。他们很快就加入了鲁本和尼科的行列。可知Clara和Joe非常生气，所以他们也不在坚持存钱了，故选A。
36．推理判断题，根据They were so successful that she managed to buy her own violin. Even better, she later became a very famous violinist.他们非常成功，她设法买了自己的小提琴。更妙的是，她后来成了一位非常有名的小提琴家。可知有时花一点钱可以实现自己的梦想。故选C。
37．主旨大意题，根据本文讲述爷爷为教导孩子们如何理财，而开展的一场特殊的比赛，看每个人如何花钱，故文章是以一场存钱比赛而展开，故选C。
【答案】38．A
39．B
40．C
41．B
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述作者的儿子丹尼尔和成年的朋友桑迪忘年交的经历。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及推断题和主旨题常考题型，推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
38．推理判断题，根据 Sandy just drilled out a hole in the fence. 可知桑迪刚刚在篱笆上钻了一个洞，根据Daniel and Sandy not only keep chatting through the hole, they also exchange gifts. 可知丹尼尔和桑迪不仅通过洞聊天，他们还交换礼物。根据I thought maybe Daniel could come for a play date. 可知我想也许丹尼尔可以来一起玩。根据A month later, Sandy leaves to care for her mother in Kansas.可知一个月后，桑迪离开家去堪萨斯照顾她的母亲。根据One day, Daniel receives Sandy's postcard. They write frequently, warmly.可知一天，丹尼尔收到了桑迪的明信片。他们频繁地、热情地写信。正确顺序是dbeac,故选A。
39．推理判断题，根据We have a pleasant afternoon with Sandy, my son's adult friend, the first friend Daniel has made on his own.我们和儿子的成年朋友桑迪度过了一个愉快的下午，桑迪是丹尼尔独自结识的第一个朋友。可知儿子和桑迪之前通过洞聊天，现在直接见面，打破了篱笆的障碍，故选B。
40．推理判断题，根据he's looking down at his shoes.以及he cries ，可知儿子舍不得离开桑迪，听到那个消息很伤心，故选C。
41．主旨大意题，根据文章讲述儿子和成年的朋友忘年交的故事，意在说明信任和友谊可以打破年龄的界限，故选B。
【答案】42．D
43．A
44．C
45．B
【知识点】科普类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍中国航天科工集团有限公司的研究员研发的世界上首个机器鲸鲨的主要特点和用途。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题和词义题四种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想，词义题要联系上下文，猜测出词的意思。
42．细节理解题，根据第一段the world's first robot whale shark，可知展览的是世界上第一个机器鲸鲨，故选D。
43．词意猜测题，根据Designed and built by engineers at the Shenyang—based No 111 Factory, 以及Powered by a lithium battery, it can swim, turn, float and dive like a real shark by moving its mechanical fins，可知鲸鲨是工程师设计和制作出来的，像真实的鲨一样可以游泳，转弯，漂浮和潜水，故选A。
44．推理判断题，根据倒数第二段We have built multiple kinds of robot fishes.…he robotic whale shark is the largest mechanical fish we have made so far, 可知工厂已经制造了多种机器鱼。机器鲸鲨是我们迄今为止制造的最大的机械鱼，故选C。
45．主旨大意题，根据Our robots are to serve three purposes—to perform in aquariums for entertainment, spread knowledge about the sea and aquatic（水生的）animals among youngsters, and carry out scientific tasks such as hydrological surveys, underwater photography and environmental inspection. 可知，第八段主要讲述了制作水生机器鱼的目的，故选B。
46．【答案】exactly
【知识点】词性转化
【解析】【分析】句意：让我准确地重复他刚说的话。根据空格前repeat，动词，重复，用副词修饰，可知exact的副词形式为exactly，故答案为exactly。
【点评】考查词性转化，注意识记形容词转副词的用法。
47．【答案】trying
【知识点】现在进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：对不起，我们真的在设法解决什么问题？try，试图，设法，根据空格前are，可知时态为现在进行时，应用be doing的结构，try的现在分词为trying，故答案为trying。
【点评】考查动词的时态，注意识记现在进行时的用法。
48．【答案】healthy
【知识点】词性转化
【解析】【分析】句意：健康的竞争精神可以促使人们努力变得更好。health，健康，名词，根据空格后 competitive spirit，可知此处应用形容词作定语，表示健康的竞争精神，应用healthy，故答案为healthy。
【点评】考查词性转化，注意识记形容词作定语的用法。
49．【答案】fresher
【知识点】形容词比较级
【解析】【分析】句意：下了一夜的雨，山更绿了，空气也更清新了。fresh，清新的，形容词，根据空格前 the mountains are much greener and，可知and连接前后保持一致，前句用比较级，此处也应用比较级，又因much修饰比较级，故答案为fresher。
【点评】考查形容词的比较级，注意识记形容词变比较级的规则。
50．【答案】victories
【知识点】规则可数名词的复数
【解析】【分析】句意：团队合作意味着一起庆祝胜利，一起面对失败。victory，胜利，名词，根据空格后 and facing losses，可知此处要保持并列，应用名词的复数形式，应用victories，故答案为victories。
【点评】考查名词的复数，注意识记名词变复数的规则。
51．【答案】chocolates
【知识点】规则可数名词的复数
【解析】【分析】句意：生活就像一盒巧克力，你永远不知道你会得到什么。chocolate，巧克力，名词，根据空格前of，可知后缺宾语，表达一盒巧克力，应用名词的复数形式，故答案为chocolates。
【点评】考查名词的复数，注意识记of的用法。
52．【答案】modern
【知识点】形容词原级
【解析】【分析】句意：中国共产党正在领导全国建设社会主义现代化强国。modern，现代的，形容词，根据空格后socialist country ，可知此处形容词修饰名词，应用modern，故答案为modern。
【点评】考查形容词，注意识记形容词修饰名词的用法。
53．【答案】Thirty
【知识点】整数表达
【解析】【分析】句意：她离开30分钟后，下起了大雪。根据空格后minutes，分钟，名词，表示数量，用基数词修饰，位于句首，首字母大写，故答案为Thirty。
【点评】考查数词，注意识记基数词和序数词的用法。
54．【答案】fined
【知识点】过去式和过去分词
【解析】【分析】句意：如果我们在公共场所乱扔垃圾，我们会被警察罚款。fine，罚款，动词，根据主语we，和谓语之间是被动关系，又因空格前be动词构成被动语态，故答案为fined。
【点评】考查动词的被动语态，注意识记一般将来时的被动语态的用法。
55．【答案】herself
【知识点】反身代词
【解析】【分析】句意：妈妈加入了我们的小组，向我们的新朋友介绍自己。herself，她自己，反身代词，根据空格前introduced，动词，后缺宾语，表达她自己应用反身代词herself，故答案为herself。
【点评】考查反身代词，注意识记反身代词的用法。
【答案】56．Huckleberry Finn.
57．They found $12, 000 in gold in a cave.
58．Because his mother died long ago and his father disappeared./Because she was a kind lady and took pity on Huck.
59．Because he want to join Tom's club.
60．His father was irresponsible, lazy and weather-bitten. Because his father was always drunk and he often beat Huck. His father disappeared and then returned looking old, dirty and poor.
【知识点】任务型阅读；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述哈克贝利·费恩的母亲去世，父亲消失了，一位寡妇收养了他，他想加入汤姆的俱乐部，所以回去和寡妇一起住，后来有一天他发现父亲回来了的经历。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，关键在看懂文章，然后根据题目要求作答，注意尽量用文章的语言填写答案。在文章中找不到答案时，要完全理解句子，根据同义词，句型转换的方式找到可以替换文章中的单词，短语或者句子的词。
56．根据第一段Huck's my name, Huckleberry Finn. 可知是哈克贝利·费恩在讲述故事，故答案为Huckleberry Finn。
57．根据第一段That book ends like this: my best friend, Tom Sawyer, and I found $12, 000 in gold in a cave. We became rich. 那本书的结尾是这样的:我和我最好的朋友汤姆·索亚在一个山洞里发现了价值1.2万美元的黄金。我们变得富有。可知是在洞穴里找到了黄金，所以变得有钱了，故答案为They found $12, 000 in gold in a cave。
58．根据第二段My mother died long ago and then my dad, Pap, disappeared. He was always drunk and he often beat me. 可知他母亲很久以前就去世了，然后他父亲失踪了。他总是喝醉，经常打他。Then a kind old lady called Widow Douglas took me into her home to live. She gave me a bed to sleep in and bought new clothes for me. She read stories to me and taught me how to eat at a table. She sent me to school every day. 然后，一位名叫道格拉斯寡妇的好心老太太把我带到她家里住。她给我一张床睡觉，给我买了新衣服。她给我读故事，教我如何在桌子旁吃饭。她每天送我去上学。可知哈克被收留的原因是父母都不能抚养他/道格拉斯女士很善良，故答案为Because his mother died long ago and his father disappeared.
59．根据第三段Tom Sawyer found me and said that if I wanted to join his club, I would have to return to live with the widow. For this reason, I returned to live with her.可知，汤姆·索亚找到了哈克，对哈克说，如果我想加入他的俱乐部，哈克就必须回去和寡妇一起生活。出于这个原因，哈克回到了她身边。故答案为Because he want to join Tom's club。
60．根据第二段then my dad, Pap, disappeared. He was always drunk and he often beat me.然后我爸爸，爸爸，失踪了。他总是喝醉，经常打我。根据最后一段Pap was nearly fifty years old. His black hair was long and uncombed and dirty. He had allowed hair to grow on his face, which was ghostly white. Just looking at the ugly white skin made me feel sick. His clothes —dirty and torn. His feet showed through large holes in his shoes. His hat was on the floor—an old black hat with a large hole in it.爸爸快五十岁了。他的黑头发又长又脏。他让头发长在脸上，脸色惨白。光是看那丑陋的白皮肤就让我感到恶心。他的衣服吗 脏和撕裂。他的脚从鞋上的大洞露出来了。他的帽子在地板上——一顶旧的黑帽子，上面有一个大洞。可推断哈克的父亲饱经风霜，故答案为His father was irresponsible, lazy and weather-bitten. Because his father was always drunk and he often beat Huck. His father disappeared and then returned looking old, dirty and poor.
【答案】61．longest；62．cities；63．opened；64．shape；65．history；66．while；67．considered；68．how；69．through；70．museums
【知识点】单词拼写；社会历史类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述扬州中国运河博物馆的修建，结构和它的独特之处。
【点评】考查单词拼写，注意根据所给词义和句子结构确定词性和词性，同时熟记固定搭配和基本句型。
61．句意：运河的历史可以追溯到2500年前，全长1794公里，是世界上最古老、最长的运河之一。根据空格前the world's oldest and，可知此处表示并列，应用形容词最高级，根据提示可知表达是最长的，应用longest，故答案为longest。
62．句意：扬州中国大运河博物馆坐落在古代大运河扬州的岸边，是位于大运河沿岸的江苏省八大城市之一。根据空格前one of，……之一，可知one of +名词复数，根据提示可知表达城市，用复数，故答案为cities。
63．句意：该博物馆于2021年6月16日向公众开放。分析句子成分可知缺少谓语动词，根据时间2021年可知时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式，根据its doors to the public及首字母提示，可知句子表达打开大门，用过去式opened，故答案为opeaned。
64．句意：它有两个结构:一个四层的建筑，形状像一艘等待起航的巨轮，和一个100米高的唐代风格的塔。根据of a giant ship waiting to set sail, 以及首字母提示，可知，句子表达的是建筑的形状，固定短语in the shape of，故答案为shape。
65．句意：他们正在讲述隋唐时期(581-907)修建的隋唐大运河、京杭大运河和浙东运河的历史。根据空格前the，可知此处用名词，根据These canals offer a wealth of historic and cultural attractions，可知句子讲述了运河的历史，根据首字母提示可知应用history，故答案为history。
66．句意：这些运河提供了丰富的历史和文化景点，同时它们继续被用于运输、灌溉和防洪。根据These canals offer a wealth of historic and cultural attractions……they continue to be used for transport, irrigation（灌溉）and flood control.可知前后动作是同时发生，运河提供了丰富的历史和文化景点的同时，运河也被用于运输，灌溉和防洪，用连词while表示与……同时，故答案为while。
67．句意：长25.7米，高8米的古汴河段被许多人认为是“博物馆之宝“，分析句子成分可知缺少谓语动词，根据空格后by可知是被动结构，根据首字母提示可知句子应用be considered as，被看作是……，故答案为considered。
68．句意：到目前为止，该博物馆有超过1万件展品，其中包括20组大型展品，是展示运河的宏伟和人们如何改变自然的最佳收藏。根据people changed nature，可知后面是宾语从句，根据首字母提示，可知句子表达”怎样人们改变大自然“，用疑问词how引导从句，故答案为how。
69．句意：穿过展览馆，走进古老的街道。根据passing以及the exhibition hall，可知句子表达从展览馆内部穿过，用短语pass through，故答案为through。
70．句意：扬州大运河博物馆不同于国内所有以大运河为主题的博物馆。为什么不自己来参观呢 根据 Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum以及which are themed on the Grand Canal，可知此处是指其它博物馆，且需用复数形式，故答案为museums。
71．【答案】What can we do to help those in need
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】句子是特殊疑问句，我们能做什么；what can we do；帮助；help；有需要的人；those in need；由语境可知，帮助有需要的人是目的，作目的状语用动词不定式，故答案为What can we do to help those in need
【点评】考查汉译英，注意识记目的状语的用法。
72．【答案】Please turn off the lights, the TV and the computer when they are not in use.
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】句子是祈使句，以动词原形开头，please，请；关掉，turn off；电灯，the lights；电视，the TV；电脑，the computer；当……时候，when；be in use，在使用中，从句主语是they，它们，be动词用are，变否定时在be动词后加not，故答案为Please turn off the lights, the TV and the computer when they are not in use。
【点评】考查汉译英，注意从句的使用。
73．【答案】In autumn,leaves turn yellow and fall off the trees.
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】句子是陈述句，是一般现在时，表达在秋天应用介词短语in autumn，是时间状语，放在句首，主语树叶是复数形式，用复数名词leaves；变，应用turn；黄色，yellow；落下，fall off；树，trees；作宾语，用连词and连接动词形成并列结构，故答案为In autumn, leaves turn yellow and fall off the trees.。
【点评】考查汉译英，注意识记介词短语的用法。
74．【答案】When others speak,the nurse is patient enough to listen carefully.
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】句子描述一般情况，用一般现在时；句子使用when引导的时间状语从句，从句主语是others，其他人，谓语动词用原形speak，说话；足够……去做某事，adj enough to do sth；主句主语是the nurse，be动词用is，耐心的，patient；听，listen，修饰动词用副词carefully，故答案为When others speak, the nurse is patient enough to listen carefully.。
【点评】考查汉译英，注意识记时间状语从句的用法。
75．【答案】I hope we can spend more time with friends this summer vacation.
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】句子主语是I，谓语用原形hope希望，I hope that……，我希望……，后加宾语从句；从句主语是we，我们，能，can，其后加动词原形；和某人度过更多的时光，spend more time with；朋友，friends；今年暑假，this summer vacation。故答案为I hope we can spend more time with friends this summer vacation.。
【点评】考查汉译英，注意识记宾语从句的用法。
76．【答案】 A DIY bookmark for my favourite book
Last week I took part in our school's Reading & Bookmark-making activity. Its purpose was to help us enjoy reading our favourite book. My favorite book is the classic novel Journey to the West, one of the Four Great Classical Novels. I like Monkey King best because he helps the weak and never gives up.
In order to make a bookmark, I prepared a card, scissors, glue and so on. First, I cut the card into long strips. And then I drew a picture of a monkey on the left and wrote a famous saying "Nothing is impossible if you put your heart into it." on the right to encourage me not to give up when facing difficulties. At last, I glued it to a thin piece of wood.
Although I met some difficulties in this process, I never gave up and I am proud of myself.
【知识点】命题作文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇命题作文，本文要求以A DIY bookmark for my favourite book为题，写作中要介绍制作书签的目的和过程，并分享制作心得，根据材料内容可知时态为一般现在时和一般过去时，人称主要是第一人称，注意并列词的使用以及主谓一致问题，注意上下文的过渡要符合逻辑关系。
【点评】本文以一般现在时和一般过去时为主，人称以第一人称为主，第一段介绍制作书签的目的，以及最喜欢的书的类型和最喜欢这本书的地方；第二段重点描述制作书签需要的材料和工具以及制作书签的过程；第三段描述自己的感想。写作时运用不同的句式和短语使文章层次清晰，逻辑清楚，做到无单词拼写和语法错误。
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江苏省扬州市2022年中考英语真题试卷
一、单项选择，在下列各题A、B、C、D四个选项中选择一个能填入题干空白处的最佳答案。（共15小题：每小题1分，计15分）
1．（2022·扬州）China has helped end 70% of poverty worldwide since ________ late 1970s, according to ________ World Bank.
A．a; a B．the; the C．a; the D．the; a
【答案】B
【知识点】用于专有名词前；用于时间、年代、传统节日前
【解析】【分析】句意：世界银行的数据显示，自上世纪70年代末以来，中国已经帮助全球消除了70%的贫困人口。根据空格处可知表示年代，用“the+年份复数”，表示“在几世纪几十年代”，排除AC；第二空根据World Bank，世界银行，是专有名词，前加定冠词the。故选B。
【点评】考查冠词，注意识记年代和专有名词中的用法。
2．（2022·扬州）Place names often have interesting connections ________ the local landscape and people.
A．in B．on C．at D．to
【答案】D
【知识点】介词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：地名通常与当地景观和人有着有趣的联系。in，在……里，on，在……上，根据句意可知当地景观和人有联系，固定短语have connections to，和……有联系。故选D。
【点评】考查介词，注意识记固定短语的用法。
3．（2022·扬州）________ astronauts go on spacewalks, they wear spacesuits to keep themselves safe.
A．Though B．Till C．When D．Unless
【答案】C
【知识点】连词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：当宇航员进行太空行走时，他们会穿着宇航服来保护自己的安全。Though虽然， Till直到，When当……时候，Unless除非，根据空格后 astronauts go on spacewalks, they wear spacesuits to keep themselves safe.可知是当他们在太空行走时，他们会穿着宇航服保护自己，when引导时间状语从句。故选C。
【点评】考查连词辨析，注意识记连词的用法。
4．（2022·扬州）Xia Sen ________ a simple life and saves her money for donations.
A．lives B．lived C．was living D．will live
【答案】A
【知识点】表示目前存在的状态、性质或经常发生的动作或习惯
【解析】【分析】句意：夏森过着简朴的生活，攒钱捐款。根据空格后and saves her money for donations.可知时态为一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单三。故选A。
【点评】考查动词的时态，注意识记一般现在时的用法。
5．（2022·扬州）—Tell me, Grandma. ________ is your favourite person in the whole wide world
—That's easy! It's you!
A．What B．Who C．How D．Whom
【答案】B
【知识点】特殊疑问句
【解析】【分析】句意：——爷爷，告诉我，全世界你最喜欢的人是谁？——这很简单，是你！根据答句It's you!可知上文询问的是人，且疑问句在句中做主语，用疑问代词who。故选B。
【点评】考查特殊疑问词，注意识记特殊疑问词的用法。
6．（2022·扬州）We youths do our best for our dreams and together a small success can give us a sense of ________ .
A．achievement B．department C．treatment D．entertainment
【答案】A
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：我们年轻人尽我们最大的努力实现我们的梦想，共同取得一个小小的胜利就会给我们一种成就感。achievement成就， department部门， treatment治疗， entertainment娱乐，根据a small success can give us a sense of，可知表达的是成就感，用名词achievement。故选A。
【点评】考查名词辨析，注意识记名词的词义。
7．（2022·扬州）Protect your hearing. Don't wait until you ________ hear a thing.
A．needn't B．mustn't C．shouldn't D．can't
【答案】D
【知识点】情态动词
【解析】【分析】句意：保护你的听力。不要等到你什么也听不见。needn't不必，mustn't禁止，shouldn't不应该，can't不能，根据Protect your hearing. 可知不保护听力就不能听到声音了，应用can't，故选D。
【点评】考查情态动词辨析，注意识记can的用法。
8．（2022·扬州）In such cheerful conversation, the time ________ all too quickly.
A．went up B．went down C．went by D．went back
【答案】C
【知识点】短语动词
【解析】【分析】句意：在这么欢快的对话中，时间流逝也很快。went up上升，went down沉下，went by流逝，went back追溯，根据空格前the time以及too quickly，可知表达时间流逝地快，应用went by，故选C。
【点评】考查动词短语，注意识记went by的用法。
9．（2022·扬州）It's ________ of the boy to leave the tap running.
A．endless B．homeless C．meaningless D．careless
【答案】D
【知识点】形容词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：这个男孩离开时忘记关水龙头很粗心大意。endless无止境的，homeless无家可归的，meaningless无意义的，careless粗心大意的，根据空格后to leave the tap running，可知表达男孩走的时候没关水龙头很粗心大意。故选D。
【点评】考查形容词辨析，注意识记形容词的词义。
10．（2022·扬州）—May I speak to Wang Li
—Sorry, she is not at home. She ________ since last month.
A．left B．has left C．has been away D．went away
【答案】C
【知识点】非延续性动词与延续性动词的转换
【解析】【分析】句意：——我可以和王丽说话吗？——对不起，她不在家，从上个月开始，她就离开了。根据空格后 since last month，可知句子应使用现在完成时have/has done，排除AD，此处应用延续性动词，而left是非延续性动词，故选C。
【点评】考查现在完成时，注意识记现在完成时中延续性动词的用法。
11．（2022·扬州）________ the people locked inside, the firemen broke down the door.
A．Reach B．To reach C．Reaching D．To reaching
【答案】B
【知识点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：为了接触被锁在里面的人，消防员破门而入。分析句子可知the people locked inside，的目的是the firemen broke down the door。作目的状语用动词不定式。故选B。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，注意识记非谓语动词的用法。
12．（2022·扬州）People in cold areas ________ warm colours to calm colours in their homes.
A．protect B．prefer C．pronounce D．practise
【答案】B
【知识点】动词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：寒冷地区的人们更喜欢家中是暖色系，而不是冷色系。根据空格后 warm colours to calm colours，可知是两种色系的对比，又因固定搭配 prefer…to，与……相比，更喜欢……，故选B。
【点评】考查动词辨析，注意识记动词的固定搭配的用法。
13．（2022·扬州）—I hear that you took part in a forest clean-up activity last Sunday.
—Yes, it ________ by our school green club to protect forests.
A．organizes B．organized
C．was organized D．will be organized
【答案】C
【知识点】一般过去时的被动语态
【解析】【分析】句意：——我听说你上周日参加了森林清理活动。——是的，我们学校的环保俱乐部组织了这次活动来保护森林。根据 last Sunday，可知时态是一般过去时，主语it指的是a forest clean-up activity，和动词之间是被动关系，表达被组织，应用一般过去时的被动语态，故选C。
【点评】考查动词的时态和语态，注意一般过去时的被动语态的用法。
14．（2022·扬州）—Excuse me, could you tell me ________
—You can take No 6 bus there. It's about 15 minutes' ride.
A．how far is the Slender West Lake
B．how far the Slender West Lake is
C．how can I get to the Slender West Lake
D．how I can get to the Slender West Lake
【答案】D
【知识点】连接代词或连接副词引导；陈述语序
【解析】【分析】句意：——打扰一下，你能告诉我怎么去西湖吗？——你可以去在那里乘坐6路公交车。大约十五分钟的车程。根据空格前tell me，可知句子为宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除AC；根据回答You can take No 6 bus there.。可知上文应询问如何去某地，用how引导宾语从句，故选D。
【点评】考查宾语从句，注意识记宾语从句的用法。
15．（2022·扬州）— My pet dog died yesterday. I'm in a bad mood.
—________. I know how it feels.
A．Sorry to hear that B．That's not the case
C．Never mind D．It's a pleasure
【答案】A
【知识点】情景交际
【解析】【分析】句意：——我的宠物狗昨天死了，我的心情很不好。——很抱歉听到这个消息，我知道那是什么感觉。Sorry to hear that很抱歉听到这个消息， That's not the case事实并非如此，Never mind没关系，It's a pleasure别客气，根据上文My pet dog died yesterday. Tm in a bad mood。可知此处应对别人的不幸遭遇表示同情，故选A。
【点评】考查情景交际，注意根据不同语境选择答案。
二、完形填空（共15小题：每小题1分，计15分）
（2022·扬州）阅读下面短文，从文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
Late one night. Gulliver received a warning that some nobles wanted him killed. Even the emperor of Lilliput wanted to give him less food to save 16． . It was true Gulliver was very expensive.
Quickly, he wrote a letter to the emperor, "I'm 17． to visit Blefuscu, as I promised. "
Then he hurried down to the sea 18． Lilliput and Blefuscu.
The king of Blefuscu himself came out to meet him.
"Welcome!" cried the king. "Stay as 19． as you like. "
Walking on the beach a week later, Gulliver saw out at sea a small boat — but a full—sized one. It was 20． upside down in the water.
Gulliver rushed to the king. He begged, "Can you help me rescue the boat This could be my chance to go home. "
"Of course" said the king "Take some ships to help you."
Gulliver swam out to the boat, holding ropes from each of the 21． .
With the ships pulling and Gulliver 22． , the boat was brought safely to shore.
Gulliver and the king's men set about fixing the boat for his long journey home. Soon, the boat was finished.
"I'd like to leave now, " Gulliver told the king. "But no one at home will 23． my story. Could I take some of your people with me "
"I can't possibly 24． that" said the king. "But you may take some 25． and a sheep. "
He also gave Gulliver fifty bags of gold coins. "I don't want you to go" he said. "But I understand 26． you have to "
"Thank you, " said Gulliver. "I'll never 27． you all. "
After only a few days at sea in his boat, Gulliver saw a ship. He shouted and waved wildly.
He was 28． ! One sailor found him The ship sailed over and 29． Gulliver "Where have you come from " asked the captain "A place called Lilliput, " said Gulliver and he showed the captain the 30． from the emperor.
The captain was so surprised. For a few gold coins and a couple of cows, he agreed to take Gulliver all the way home.
—Adapted from Gulliver s Travels
16．A．life B．time C．money D．energy
17．A．against B．beyond C．off D．through
18．A．between B．among C．upon D．during
19．A．long B．far C．often D．soon
20．A．taking B．falling C．swimming D．floating
21．A．boats B．ships C．men D．sails
22．A．filling B．shaking C．pushing D．carrying
23．A．make B．expect C．suppose D．believe
24．A．require B．refuse C．avoid D．allow
25．A．food B．people C．coins D．cows
26．A．when B．how C．why D．whether
27．A．forget B．regret C．force D．obey
28．A．in danger B．in luck C．in fear D．in peace
29．A．picked up B．gave up C．set up D．dressed up
30．A．awards B．presents C．victims D．rewards
【答案】16．C；17．C；18．A；19．A；20．D；21．B；22．C；23．D；24．D；25．D；26．C；27．A；28．B；29．A；30．B
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述格列佛在国王的帮助下修好了船只，带着国王的礼物回到了自己的国家。
【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。
16．句意：就连小人国的皇帝也想少给他食物以省钱。life生活，time时间，money金钱，energy能量，根据下文It was true Gulliver was very expensive.格列佛确实非常昂贵。可知皇帝是为了省钱才给他少量的食物，故选C。
17．句意：我要离开去不来斯库。against反对，beyond超过，off离开，through通过，根据下文to visit Blefuscu，可知他要离开小人国去不来斯库，故选C。
18．句意：然后他急忙下到小人国和不来斯库之间的海里。between在……之间，among在……之间，upon在上面，during在……期间，根据空格后Lilliput and Blefuscu。可知海在两国之间，用between，故选A。
19．句意：你喜欢待多久就待多久。long长的，far远的，often经常，soon很快，根据空格前后Stay as ……as you like，可知此处是指多长时间，而短语as long as you like，想待多久待多久，故选A。
20．句意：它上下颠倒地漂浮在水里。taking带走，falling掉落，swimming游泳，floating漂浮，根据upside down in the water，可知船漂浮在海里，故选D。
21．句意：格列佛游到船上，拿着每艘船上的绳索。boats小船，ships船，men男人，sails航行，根据With the ships pulling，可知此处指的是船上的绳子，故选B。
22．句意：随着船只的拉动和格列佛的推动，船被安全地带到了岸边。filling充满，shaking摇晃，pushing推，carrying相信，根据空格前With the ships pulling and Gulliver，可知船拉是格列佛在推，故选C。
23．句意：但是没有人会相信我的故事。make制作，expect期待，suppose推断，believe相信，根据下文Could I take some of your people with me 可知他要带一些人走，因为他的家乡的人不会相信他的故事。故选D。
24．句意：我可能不会允许。require需要，refuse拒绝，avoid避免，allow允许，根据下文But you may take some…… and a sheep. 可知国王不允许他带人走，让他带一些牛和羊，故选D。
25．句意：但是你可以带一些牛和羊。food食物，people人，coins硬币，cows牛，根据空格后and a sheep.和一头羊，可知此处也应是动物，国王给了他一些牛，故选D。
26．句意：但是我理解你为什么不得不走。when什么时候，how怎样，why为什么，whether是否，根据空格前understand，理解，可知理解的是不得不走的原因，也就是为什么不得不走，故选C。
27．句意：我永远不会忘记你们所有人。forget忘记，regret后悔，force迫使，obey服从，根据空格后you all，你们所有人，此处是指不会忘记所有人，故选A。
28．句意：他很幸运。in danger处于危险中，in luck幸运，in fear害怕，in peace和平地，根据下文One sailor found him，一个士兵发现了他，可知他很幸运，有人发现他，故选B。
29．句意：船驶过，接走了格列佛。picked up捡起，gave up放弃，set up建立，dressed up装扮，根据空格前The ship sailed over，可知这个船接载了他，故选A。
30．句意：他向船长展示了皇帝的礼物。awards奖，presents礼物，victims受害者，rewards报酬，根据下文For a few gold coins and a couple of cows, 可知牛和羊是皇帝送给他的礼物，故选B。
三、阅读理解，阅读下列内容，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。（共15小题：每小题2分，计30分）
（2022·扬州）阅读理解
Wetlands are any land that is flooded with shallow water all or most of
the time. They are a natural water holding system.
There are many types of wetlands. Among them,
bogs,
marshes
and swamps are the three main types. The different types of wetlands have different kinds of plants.
Only
mosses（苔藓）and a few other kinds of
plants can grow in bogs Grassy plants like cattails（香蒲）and reeds（芦苇） are the most common plants
in a marsh. A swamp is a forest whose ground is underwater all or most of the time.
Unlike
bogs or marshes, a swamp is full of trees and bushes.
It's
not a good idea to go exploring a swamp without a guide. There are hidden pools of
water, thick mud,
and
sometimes big crocodiles （鳄鱼）looking for their next meal.
Hungry crocodiles aren't the only animals that make
the wetlands their home. Otters,
turtles,
frogs,
snakes
and many other animals do too. The water is home to many
kinds of fish and crabs. Birds,
including
ducks, geese and cranes,
use
wetlands seasonally during their long migrations.
Wetlands are important because they provide habitats for
plants
and animals. A wetland system can also protect shorelines,
make
polluted waters clean, prevent floods,
and
restore underground water supplies.
According to WWF, more than half of the
world's wetlands have disappeared since the beginning of the 20th century. If this continues,
countless
plant and animal species will surely die out.
Without
wetlands, cities have to spend more money to treat water.
Don't
feel helpless. Try to do your part to protect them right now.
Here
are some ideas.
31．According to Paragraph 2, what can you see in a swamp
A．Mosses. B．Cattails. C．Reeds. D．Trees.
32．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE
A．Wetlands are a man-made water holding system.
B．There are three types of wetlands in the world.
C．People can not meet with big crocodiles in wetlands.
D．Wetlands can protect shorelines and prevent floods.
33．What is the writer probably going to talk about after Paragraph 5
A．What are the different types of wetlands
B．What will happen if wetlands disappear
C．What actions can people take to protect wetlands
D．What other kinds of plants and animals live in wetlands
【答案】31．D
32．D
33．C
【知识点】自然地理类；议论文
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍三种不同的湿地，不同的湿地有不同的植物和动物，而且湿地很重要，所以我们要采取行动保护湿地。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和推断题两种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。
31．细节理解题，根据a swamp is full of trees and bushes.可知在沼泽地里有树木和灌木，故选D。
32．细节理解题，根据A wetland system can also protect shorelines, make polluted waters clean, prevent floods, and restore underground water supplies.可知湿地系统还可以保护海岸线，净化被污染的水域，防止洪水，恢复地下水供应。故选D。
33．推理判断题，根据Try to do your part to protect them right now. Here are some ideas.可知现在就尽你所能保护他们。以下是一些想法。接下来会介绍如何保护湿地，故选C。
（2022·扬州）阅读理解
Every month, Julia and her cousins would go for the big family meal at
their grandparents' house. On each visit,
their
grandpa would give them a few coins. Then all the children
would run off to buy sweets. One day,
he
gathered the children together. He said,
"Let's
have a competition to see who can manage money wisely.
At the
end of this year, tell me how you've used your money.
"
Ruben and Nico, the two smallest kids,
continued
spending their money all on sweets. Every time,
they
would show off their sweets in front of the other children.
This
made Clara and Joe so angry that these two could no longer keep saving
their money. They soon joined Ruben and Nico.
Monty was a clever boy. He decided to manage his
money by buying and selling things. Soon he made a lot of money
with little effort. The way he was going,
he
would end up almost a rich man. However,
he
began to spend his money on more and more expensive things for himself.
A few
months later, he hadn't a single penny （便士）left.
Alex saved and saved all the coins he was given,
and at
the end of the year he had collected more money than anyone.
He was
the clear winner.
There was also Julia. Poor Julia hadn't a penny
on the day of the competition. She had spent all her
coins on her secret plan. Julia knew a poor violinist
who played in the park, and she offered him all the coins for his violin lessons.
Although
it wasn't much money, on seeing Julia's excitement,
the
violinist agreed. A little after a year the violinist loaned her
a violin so they two could play together in the park.
They
were so successful that she managed to buy her own violin. Even better,
she
later became a very famous violinist.
34．Why did the children's grandpa suggest the competition to them
A．To encourage them to win competitions.
B．To teach them how to manage their money.
C．To tell them money was important to them.
D．To know who was the cleverest child in the family.
35．The underlined words"these two"in Paragraph 2 refer to（指的是）_______.
A．Clara and Joe B．Ruben and Nico
C．Monty and Alex D．Alex and Julia
36．What can we learn from Julia's story？
A．Get rich slow，or get poor fast.
B．Little effort always brings much money.
C．A little money well spent can help realize your dreams.
D．It is not wise of you to spend all the money you've got.
37．What is the best title for the passage？
A．Grandpa's coins B．Julia's cousins
C．A saving competition D．A happy family
【答案】34．B
35．A
36．C
37．C
【知识点】教育类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文讲述爷爷为教导孩子们如何理财，而开展的一场特殊的比赛，看每个人如何花钱，孩子们明白，通过好好计划，很少的钱也可以带来意想不到的收获。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
34．细节理解题，根据Let's have a competition to see who can manage money wisely. 我们来比赛一下，看谁能明智地理财。故选B。
35．推理判断题，根据This made Clara and Joe so angry that these two could no longer keep saving their money. They soon joined Ruben and Nico.这使克拉拉和乔非常生气，他们俩再也攒不下钱了。他们很快就加入了鲁本和尼科的行列。可知Clara和Joe非常生气，所以他们也不在坚持存钱了，故选A。
36．推理判断题，根据They were so successful that she managed to buy her own violin. Even better, she later became a very famous violinist.他们非常成功，她设法买了自己的小提琴。更妙的是，她后来成了一位非常有名的小提琴家。可知有时花一点钱可以实现自己的梦想。故选C。
37．主旨大意题，根据本文讲述爷爷为教导孩子们如何理财，而开展的一场特殊的比赛，看每个人如何花钱，故文章是以一场存钱比赛而展开，故选C。
（2022·扬州）阅读理解
My five-year-old son befriends the woman. It starts with voices in the yard. When I come out to check on Daniel, his face is pressed on the fence （篱笆）.
The woman says, "You wait right here; I'll be right back. "
She returns with a saw （锯子）. There's a whirring. A circle in the wooden fence drops out of sight.
"Dad! Sandy just drilled out a hole in the fence. so Sandy and me can talk!" Daniel spins around.
I hadn't known her name was Sandy. We've lived here a month before Daniel was born.
Daniel's and Sandy's murmuring voices continue. Whenever Daniel is outside, he circles near the fence that isn't a fence any more. Some days my son just goes to stand at the hole, yelling, "Sandy! Saaaaandyyyyy!" Sometimes I hear bits of their talk.
"We painted a ghost at school. "
Or: "Wheeler and Jackson were playing football, and they told me. I couldn't play "
"That wasn't very nice, "says Sandy. "Did that hurt your feelings Did you let them know that "
I can't hear how he replies. A moment of envy runs through me. He never talks about his school things with me
Daniel and Sandy not only keep chatting through the hole, they also exchange gifts. A coloring book, then a Hot Wheels car. It's unclear what Daniel gives Sandy in return.
One afternoon, I hear Sandy's voice floating over the top of the fence with the hole. "I thought maybe Daniel could come for a play date. "
We ring the bell on Sandy's porch. She's a middle—aged woman with smiling eyes. Sandy's yard is sweet with the smell of flowers. We have a pleasant afternoon with Sandy, my son's adult friend, the first friend Daniel has made on his own. ________
A month later, Sandy leaves to care for her mother in Kansas. She left behind a box of presents: a coloring book, sidewalk chalk, the missing orange part in the Hot Wheels track. When I look at Daniel, he's looking down at his shoes.
He sometimes wanders down to the fence. Instead of calling "Sandy! Saaaaandyyyyy!" he cries. "Hello! Helloooooo!''
One day, Daniel receives Sandy's postcard. They write frequently, warmly.
38．Which of the following is the correct order of the story
a. Sandy leaves for Kansas to care for her mother.
b. Daniel and Sandy exchange gifts through the hole.
c. Daniel and Sandy are good pen friends.
d. Sandy drills out a hole in the fence.
e. Sandy invites Daniel to come to her yard for a play date.
A．dbeac B．badec C．dceab D．ecadb
39．Which sentence should go in the empty box in Paragraph 4 from the bottom
A．The neighbourhood I grew up in has a fence like this.
B．We've passed through the hole in the fence.
C．Beyond that fence stands Sandy's blue house.
D．I'm a person who looks on the bad side of the fence.
40．What can we know about Daniel from the underlined sentences in the story
A．He doesn't care about Sandy's leaving.
B．He is impressed with the shoes from Sandy.
C．He is heartbroken when hearing the news.
D．He does not want to be Sandy's friend any more.
41．Which sentence best expresses the theme of the story
A．Parents are children's best friends.
B．Trust and friendship can go beyond ages.
C．A good fence makes a good neighbour.
D．Grass is greener on the other side of the fence.
【答案】38．A
39．B
40．C
41．B
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述作者的儿子丹尼尔和成年的朋友桑迪忘年交的经历。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及推断题和主旨题常考题型，推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
38．推理判断题，根据 Sandy just drilled out a hole in the fence. 可知桑迪刚刚在篱笆上钻了一个洞，根据Daniel and Sandy not only keep chatting through the hole, they also exchange gifts. 可知丹尼尔和桑迪不仅通过洞聊天，他们还交换礼物。根据I thought maybe Daniel could come for a play date. 可知我想也许丹尼尔可以来一起玩。根据A month later, Sandy leaves to care for her mother in Kansas.可知一个月后，桑迪离开家去堪萨斯照顾她的母亲。根据One day, Daniel receives Sandy's postcard. They write frequently, warmly.可知一天，丹尼尔收到了桑迪的明信片。他们频繁地、热情地写信。正确顺序是dbeac,故选A。
39．推理判断题，根据We have a pleasant afternoon with Sandy, my son's adult friend, the first friend Daniel has made on his own.我们和儿子的成年朋友桑迪度过了一个愉快的下午，桑迪是丹尼尔独自结识的第一个朋友。可知儿子和桑迪之前通过洞聊天，现在直接见面，打破了篱笆的障碍，故选B。
40．推理判断题，根据he's looking down at his shoes.以及he cries ，可知儿子舍不得离开桑迪，听到那个消息很伤心，故选C。
41．主旨大意题，根据文章讲述儿子和成年的朋友忘年交的故事，意在说明信任和友谊可以打破年龄的界限，故选B。
（2022·扬州）阅读理解
Researchers at China Aerospace Science and Industry Corp, a State—owned defense contractor, have developed and made the world's first robot whale shark（鲸鲨）.
The robotic shark has been on display in an aquarium（水族馆）at Shanghai Haichang Ocean Park since January.
A whale shark is a slow—moving carpet shark and the largest known living fish.
Designed and built by engineers at the Shenyang—based No 111 Factory, the underwater robot is 4.7 meters long, weighs 350 kilograms and can move 42 meters a minute.
Powered by a lithium battery, it can swim, turn, float and dive like a real shark by moving its mechanical fins（鳍）. The mouth and gills（鳃）can also open and close like a shark's. The biomimetic shark is made of sensors（传感器）, multi-joint fins, batteries, and systems which enable it to avoid what's in the way in all directions.
"The robot can reach a depth of 10 meters and work for as long as 10 hours, "said Fang Xuelin, a senior researcher in charge of the robot shark program.
"The shark can be remotely controlled and can also swim based on preset programs or its own sensors, "he said.
"We have built multiple kinds of robot fishes.…he robotic whale shark is the largest mechanical fish we have made so far, "Fang added. "Our robots are to serve three purposes—to perform in aquariums for entertainment, spread knowledge about the sea and aquatic（水生的）animals among youngsters, and carry out scientific tasks such as hydrological surveys, underwater photography and environmental inspection. "
"The factory now plans to develop more types of aquatic robots, including some extinct mammals（哺乳动物）, for display in parks and schools. It will also promote the products to businesses engaged in fields such as underwater salvage and mineral prospecting, "he said.
42．The whale shark on display is __________.
A．the world's first robot B．the largest living fish
C．a 7.4-meter-long shark D．a robotic shark
43．What does the underlined word"biomimetic"in Paragraph 5 mean
A．仿生的 B．虚拟的 C．杂交的 D．变异的
44．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．The shark is the first mechanical fish made at the factory.
B．Powered by a lithium battery, the shark can swim without stopping.
C．The factory has built multiple kinds of robot fishes including the shark.
D．The factory has developed some extinct mammals for display in parks.
45．What does Paragraph 8 mainly talk about
A．The limits of the aquatic robots.
B．The purposes of the aquatic robots.
C．The progress in making aquatic robots.
D．The steps to developing aquatic robots.
【答案】42．D
43．A
44．C
45．B
【知识点】科普类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍中国航天科工集团有限公司的研究员研发的世界上首个机器鲸鲨的主要特点和用途。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题和词义题四种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想，词义题要联系上下文，猜测出词的意思。
42．细节理解题，根据第一段the world's first robot whale shark，可知展览的是世界上第一个机器鲸鲨，故选D。
43．词意猜测题，根据Designed and built by engineers at the Shenyang—based No 111 Factory, 以及Powered by a lithium battery, it can swim, turn, float and dive like a real shark by moving its mechanical fins，可知鲸鲨是工程师设计和制作出来的，像真实的鲨一样可以游泳，转弯，漂浮和潜水，故选A。
44．推理判断题，根据倒数第二段We have built multiple kinds of robot fishes.…he robotic whale shark is the largest mechanical fish we have made so far, 可知工厂已经制造了多种机器鱼。机器鲸鲨是我们迄今为止制造的最大的机械鱼，故选C。
45．主旨大意题，根据Our robots are to serve three purposes—to perform in aquariums for entertainment, spread knowledge about the sea and aquatic（水生的）animals among youngsters, and carry out scientific tasks such as hydrological surveys, underwater photography and environmental inspection. 可知，第八段主要讲述了制作水生机器鱼的目的，故选B。
四、词汇运用，根据句子意思，用括号中所给汉语提示或英语单词的适当形式埴空。在横线上写出空缺处所填单词的正确形式。（每空一词）（共10小题：每小题1分，计10分）
46．（2022·扬州）Let me repeat 　 　 what he just said. （exact）
【答案】exactly
【知识点】词性转化
【解析】【分析】句意：让我准确地重复他刚说的话。根据空格前repeat，动词，重复，用副词修饰，可知exact的副词形式为exactly，故答案为exactly。
【点评】考查词性转化，注意识记形容词转副词的用法。
47．（2022·扬州）Excuse me, what problems are we really 　 　 to solve （try）
【答案】trying
【知识点】现在进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：对不起，我们真的在设法解决什么问题？try，试图，设法，根据空格前are，可知时态为现在进行时，应用be doing的结构，try的现在分词为trying，故答案为trying。
【点评】考查动词的时态，注意识记现在进行时的用法。
48．（2022·扬州）A 　 　 competitive spirit can push people to try to be better. （health）
【答案】healthy
【知识点】词性转化
【解析】【分析】句意：健康的竞争精神可以促使人们努力变得更好。health，健康，名词，根据空格后 competitive spirit，可知此处应用形容词作定语，表示健康的竞争精神，应用healthy，故答案为healthy。
【点评】考查词性转化，注意识记形容词作定语的用法。
49．（2022·扬州）After a night's rain, the mountains are much greener and the air is much 　 　 . （fresh）
【答案】fresher
【知识点】形容词比较级
【解析】【分析】句意：下了一夜的雨，山更绿了，空气也更清新了。fresh，清新的，形容词，根据空格前 the mountains are much greener and，可知and连接前后保持一致，前句用比较级，此处也应用比较级，又因much修饰比较级，故答案为fresher。
【点评】考查形容词的比较级，注意识记形容词变比较级的规则。
50．（2022·扬州）Working as a team means celebrating 　 　 and facing losses together. （victory）
【答案】victories
【知识点】规则可数名词的复数
【解析】【分析】句意：团队合作意味着一起庆祝胜利，一起面对失败。victory，胜利，名词，根据空格后 and facing losses，可知此处要保持并列，应用名词的复数形式，应用victories，故答案为victories。
【点评】考查名词的复数，注意识记名词变复数的规则。
51．（2022·扬州）Life is like a box of 　 　 ; you never know what you're gonna get. （巧克力）
【答案】chocolates
【知识点】规则可数名词的复数
【解析】【分析】句意：生活就像一盒巧克力，你永远不知道你会得到什么。chocolate，巧克力，名词，根据空格前of，可知后缺宾语，表达一盒巧克力，应用名词的复数形式，故答案为chocolates。
【点评】考查名词的复数，注意识记of的用法。
52．（2022·扬州）The Communist Party of China is now leading the nation toward building a great 　 　 socialist country. （现代的）
【答案】modern
【知识点】形容词原级
【解析】【分析】句意：中国共产党正在领导全国建设社会主义现代化强国。modern，现代的，形容词，根据空格后socialist country ，可知此处形容词修饰名词，应用modern，故答案为modern。
【点评】考查形容词，注意识记形容词修饰名词的用法。
53．（2022·扬州）　 　 minutes after she left, it started to snow heavily. （三十）
【答案】Thirty
【知识点】整数表达
【解析】【分析】句意：她离开30分钟后，下起了大雪。根据空格后minutes，分钟，名词，表示数量，用基数词修饰，位于句首，首字母大写，故答案为Thirty。
【点评】考查数词，注意识记基数词和序数词的用法。
54．（2022·扬州）If we drop litter in a public place, we'll be 　 　 by the police. （罚款）
【答案】fined
【知识点】过去式和过去分词
【解析】【分析】句意：如果我们在公共场所乱扔垃圾，我们会被警察罚款。fine，罚款，动词，根据主语we，和谓语之间是被动关系，又因空格前be动词构成被动语态，故答案为fined。
【点评】考查动词的被动语态，注意识记一般将来时的被动语态的用法。
55．（2022·扬州）Mum joined our little group and introduced 　 　 to our new friends. （她自己）
【答案】herself
【知识点】反身代词
【解析】【分析】句意：妈妈加入了我们的小组，向我们的新朋友介绍自己。herself，她自己，反身代词，根据空格前introduced，动词，后缺宾语，表达她自己应用反身代词herself，故答案为herself。
【点评】考查反身代词，注意识记反身代词的用法。
五、阅读表达（共5小题：每小题2分，计10分）
（2022·扬州）阅读短文，回答下面5个问题。（每题答案不超过10个词）
You don't know me unless you read a book called The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. Huck's my name, Huckleberry Finn. That book ends like this: my best friend, Tom Sawyer, and I found $12, 000 in gold in a cave. We became rich. We got $6, 000 each.
My mother died long ago and then my dad, Pap, disappeared. He was always drunk and he often beat me. Then a kind old lady called Widow Douglas took me into her home to live. She gave me a bed to sleep in and bought new clothes for me. She read stories to me and taught me how to eat at a table. She sent me to school every day.
I hated those new clothes. I missed my old life. I put on my old clothes and ran away and was free and happy, but Tom Sawyer found me and said that if I wanted to join his club, I would have to return to live with the widow. For this reason, I returned to live with her.
The months passed and winter came. The weather got cold. One morning I woke up and there was snow on the ground. On my way to school I saw some footprints outside the widow's house. My heart jumped. Pap!
"He's heard about my money, "I thought. "And he wants it!"
When I lit my candle and went up to my room that night, there sat Pap —his own self! I expected to be scared of him now, but I wasn't. I stood looking at him; he set there—looking at me.
Pap was nearly fifty years old. His black hair was long and uncombed and dirty. He had allowed hair to grow on his face, which was ghostly white. Just looking at the ugly white skin made me feel sick. His clothes —dirty and torn. His feet showed through large holes in his shoes. His hat was on the floor—an old black hat with a large hole in it.
—Taken from The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
56．Who is telling the story
57．How did Tom and Huck
become rich
58．Why did Widow Douglas take Huck in to live with her
59．Why did Huck return to
live with Widow Douglas
60．What is Huck's father like
in your eyes Why do you think so
【答案】56．Huckleberry Finn.
57．They found $12, 000 in gold in a cave.
58．Because his mother died long ago and his father disappeared./Because she was a kind lady and took pity on Huck.
59．Because he want to join Tom's club.
60．His father was irresponsible, lazy and weather-bitten. Because his father was always drunk and he often beat Huck. His father disappeared and then returned looking old, dirty and poor.
【知识点】任务型阅读；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述哈克贝利·费恩的母亲去世，父亲消失了，一位寡妇收养了他，他想加入汤姆的俱乐部，所以回去和寡妇一起住，后来有一天他发现父亲回来了的经历。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，关键在看懂文章，然后根据题目要求作答，注意尽量用文章的语言填写答案。在文章中找不到答案时，要完全理解句子，根据同义词，句型转换的方式找到可以替换文章中的单词，短语或者句子的词。
56．根据第一段Huck's my name, Huckleberry Finn. 可知是哈克贝利·费恩在讲述故事，故答案为Huckleberry Finn。
57．根据第一段That book ends like this: my best friend, Tom Sawyer, and I found $12, 000 in gold in a cave. We became rich. 那本书的结尾是这样的:我和我最好的朋友汤姆·索亚在一个山洞里发现了价值1.2万美元的黄金。我们变得富有。可知是在洞穴里找到了黄金，所以变得有钱了，故答案为They found $12, 000 in gold in a cave。
58．根据第二段My mother died long ago and then my dad, Pap, disappeared. He was always drunk and he often beat me. 可知他母亲很久以前就去世了，然后他父亲失踪了。他总是喝醉，经常打他。Then a kind old lady called Widow Douglas took me into her home to live. She gave me a bed to sleep in and bought new clothes for me. She read stories to me and taught me how to eat at a table. She sent me to school every day. 然后，一位名叫道格拉斯寡妇的好心老太太把我带到她家里住。她给我一张床睡觉，给我买了新衣服。她给我读故事，教我如何在桌子旁吃饭。她每天送我去上学。可知哈克被收留的原因是父母都不能抚养他/道格拉斯女士很善良，故答案为Because his mother died long ago and his father disappeared.
59．根据第三段Tom Sawyer found me and said that if I wanted to join his club, I would have to return to live with the widow. For this reason, I returned to live with her.可知，汤姆·索亚找到了哈克，对哈克说，如果我想加入他的俱乐部，哈克就必须回去和寡妇一起生活。出于这个原因，哈克回到了她身边。故答案为Because he want to join Tom's club。
60．根据第二段then my dad, Pap, disappeared. He was always drunk and he often beat me.然后我爸爸，爸爸，失踪了。他总是喝醉，经常打我。根据最后一段Pap was nearly fifty years old. His black hair was long and uncombed and dirty. He had allowed hair to grow on his face, which was ghostly white. Just looking at the ugly white skin made me feel sick. His clothes —dirty and torn. His feet showed through large holes in his shoes. His hat was on the floor—an old black hat with a large hole in it.爸爸快五十岁了。他的黑头发又长又脏。他让头发长在脸上，脸色惨白。光是看那丑陋的白皮肤就让我感到恶心。他的衣服吗 脏和撕裂。他的脚从鞋上的大洞露出来了。他的帽子在地板上——一顶旧的黑帽子，上面有一个大洞。可推断哈克的父亲饱经风霜，故答案为His father was irresponsible, lazy and weather-bitten. Because his father was always drunk and he often beat Huck. His father disappeared and then returned looking old, dirty and poor.
六、缺词填空（共10空；每空1分，计10分）
（2022·扬州）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在横线上完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词）
The Grand Canal（大运河）is a man—made waterway that runs north and south in eastern China. Dating back 2, 500 years and stretching 1, 794 kilometers, it is among the world's oldest and l　61． 　 canals. Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum is located on the bank of the ancient Grand Canal in Yangzhou, one of the eight c　62． 　 in Jiangsu province sitting along the Grand Canal.
The museum o 　63． 　 its doors to the public on June 16, 2021. It covers an area of some 80, 000 square meters. It has two structures:a four—story building in the s　64． 　 of a giant ship waiting to set sail, and a 100—meter—tall Tang—Dynasty—style tower.
The museum has 11 themed exhibitions（展览）. They are telling the h　65． 　 of the Sui—Tang Grand Canal built during the Sui and Tang Dynasties（581—907）, the Beijing—Hangzhou Grand Canal and the East Zhejiang Canal. These canals offer a wealth of historic and cultural attractions w　66． 　 they continue to be used for transport, irrigation（灌溉）and flood control. The 25. 7—meter—long, 8—meter—high ancient Bian River section is c　67． 　 by many as the "treasure of the museum".
So far, the museum has over 10, 000 exhibits（展品）, including 20 groups of large ones, making it the best collection to show the grandness of the canal and h　68． 　 people changed nature.
Passing t　69． 　 the exhibition hall and into the antiquated（老式的）streets, visitors can see restaurants and shops along the street, as if walking in the water village on the canal during the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum is different from all the other m　70． 　 which are themed on the Grand Canal in China. Why not come and visit it yourself？
【答案】61．longest；62．cities；63．opened；64．shape；65．history；66．while；67．considered；68．how；69．through；70．museums
【知识点】单词拼写；社会历史类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述扬州中国运河博物馆的修建，结构和它的独特之处。
【点评】考查单词拼写，注意根据所给词义和句子结构确定词性和词性，同时熟记固定搭配和基本句型。
61．句意：运河的历史可以追溯到2500年前，全长1794公里，是世界上最古老、最长的运河之一。根据空格前the world's oldest and，可知此处表示并列，应用形容词最高级，根据提示可知表达是最长的，应用longest，故答案为longest。
62．句意：扬州中国大运河博物馆坐落在古代大运河扬州的岸边，是位于大运河沿岸的江苏省八大城市之一。根据空格前one of，……之一，可知one of +名词复数，根据提示可知表达城市，用复数，故答案为cities。
63．句意：该博物馆于2021年6月16日向公众开放。分析句子成分可知缺少谓语动词，根据时间2021年可知时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式，根据its doors to the public及首字母提示，可知句子表达打开大门，用过去式opened，故答案为opeaned。
64．句意：它有两个结构:一个四层的建筑，形状像一艘等待起航的巨轮，和一个100米高的唐代风格的塔。根据of a giant ship waiting to set sail, 以及首字母提示，可知，句子表达的是建筑的形状，固定短语in the shape of，故答案为shape。
65．句意：他们正在讲述隋唐时期(581-907)修建的隋唐大运河、京杭大运河和浙东运河的历史。根据空格前the，可知此处用名词，根据These canals offer a wealth of historic and cultural attractions，可知句子讲述了运河的历史，根据首字母提示可知应用history，故答案为history。
66．句意：这些运河提供了丰富的历史和文化景点，同时它们继续被用于运输、灌溉和防洪。根据These canals offer a wealth of historic and cultural attractions……they continue to be used for transport, irrigation（灌溉）and flood control.可知前后动作是同时发生，运河提供了丰富的历史和文化景点的同时，运河也被用于运输，灌溉和防洪，用连词while表示与……同时，故答案为while。
67．句意：长25.7米，高8米的古汴河段被许多人认为是“博物馆之宝“，分析句子成分可知缺少谓语动词，根据空格后by可知是被动结构，根据首字母提示可知句子应用be considered as，被看作是……，故答案为considered。
68．句意：到目前为止，该博物馆有超过1万件展品，其中包括20组大型展品，是展示运河的宏伟和人们如何改变自然的最佳收藏。根据people changed nature，可知后面是宾语从句，根据首字母提示，可知句子表达”怎样人们改变大自然“，用疑问词how引导从句，故答案为how。
69．句意：穿过展览馆，走进古老的街道。根据passing以及the exhibition hall，可知句子表达从展览馆内部穿过，用短语pass through，故答案为through。
70．句意：扬州大运河博物馆不同于国内所有以大运河为主题的博物馆。为什么不自己来参观呢 根据 Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum以及which are themed on the Grand Canal，可知此处是指其它博物馆，且需用复数形式，故答案为museums。
七、句子翻译，将下列句子译成英语，并将所译句子写在横线上。（共5小题；每小题2分，计10分）
71．（2022·扬州）
我们能做什么来帮助有需要的人？
【答案】What can we do to help those in need
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】句子是特殊疑问句，我们能做什么；what can we do；帮助；help；有需要的人；those in need；由语境可知，帮助有需要的人是目的，作目的状语用动词不定式，故答案为What can we do to help those in need
【点评】考查汉译英，注意识记目的状语的用法。
72．（2022·扬州）不用时，请关掉电灯、电视和电脑。
【答案】Please turn off the lights, the TV and the computer when they are not in use.
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】句子是祈使句，以动词原形开头，please，请；关掉，turn off；电灯，the lights；电视，the TV；电脑，the computer；当……时候，when；be in use，在使用中，从句主语是they，它们，be动词用are，变否定时在be动词后加not，故答案为Please turn off the lights, the TV and the computer when they are not in use。
【点评】考查汉译英，注意从句的使用。
73．（2022·扬州）秋天，树叶变黄，从树上落下。
【答案】In autumn,leaves turn yellow and fall off the trees.
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】句子是陈述句，是一般现在时，表达在秋天应用介词短语in autumn，是时间状语，放在句首，主语树叶是复数形式，用复数名词leaves；变，应用turn；黄色，yellow；落下，fall off；树，trees；作宾语，用连词and连接动词形成并列结构，故答案为In autumn, leaves turn yellow and fall off the trees.。
【点评】考查汉译英，注意识记介词短语的用法。
74．（2022·扬州）当别人说话时，这名护士能足够耐心地认真倾听。
【答案】When others speak,the nurse is patient enough to listen carefully.
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】句子描述一般情况，用一般现在时；句子使用when引导的时间状语从句，从句主语是others，其他人，谓语动词用原形speak，说话；足够……去做某事，adj enough to do sth；主句主语是the nurse，be动词用is，耐心的，patient；听，listen，修饰动词用副词carefully，故答案为When others speak, the nurse is patient enough to listen carefully.。
【点评】考查汉译英，注意识记时间状语从句的用法。
75．（2022·扬州）我希望今年暑假我们能和朋友共度更多的时光。
【答案】I hope we can spend more time with friends this summer vacation.
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】句子主语是I，谓语用原形hope希望，I hope that……，我希望……，后加宾语从句；从句主语是we，我们，能，can，其后加动词原形；和某人度过更多的时光，spend more time with；朋友，friends；今年暑假，this summer vacation。故答案为I hope we can spend more time with friends this summer vacation.。
【点评】考查汉译英，注意识记宾语从句的用法。
八、写作（计20分）
76．（2022·扬州）最近，你校开展了"巧手制书签，书香满校园"主题活动，请你以"A DIY bookmark for my favourite book"为题，根据表格中的内容提示写一篇英语短文，向学校英文报的读书专栏投稿，介绍制作书签的目的和过程，并分享制作心得。
Why you made it help enjoy reading your favourite book(name, type of book, what you like most)
How you made it Materials & Tools card scissors, glue…
steps cut the card into… draw a picture of… write(your favourite sentence from the book or a famous saying or…） …
How you felt …
要求：1）表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯；
2）必须包括提示中的所有信息，并按要求适当发挥；
3）词数：100词左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）；
4）不得使用真实姓名、校名和地名等。
A DIY bookmark for my favourite book
Last week I took part in our school's Reading&Bookmark—making activity.
【答案】 A DIY bookmark for my favourite book
Last week I took part in our school's Reading & Bookmark-making activity. Its purpose was to help us enjoy reading our favourite book. My favorite book is the classic novel Journey to the West, one of the Four Great Classical Novels. I like Monkey King best because he helps the weak and never gives up.
In order to make a bookmark, I prepared a card, scissors, glue and so on. First, I cut the card into long strips. And then I drew a picture of a monkey on the left and wrote a famous saying "Nothing is impossible if you put your heart into it." on the right to encourage me not to give up when facing difficulties. At last, I glued it to a thin piece of wood.
Although I met some difficulties in this process, I never gave up and I am proud of myself.
【知识点】命题作文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇命题作文，本文要求以A DIY bookmark for my favourite book为题，写作中要介绍制作书签的目的和过程，并分享制作心得，根据材料内容可知时态为一般现在时和一般过去时，人称主要是第一人称，注意并列词的使用以及主谓一致问题，注意上下文的过渡要符合逻辑关系。
【点评】本文以一般现在时和一般过去时为主，人称以第一人称为主，第一段介绍制作书签的目的，以及最喜欢的书的类型和最喜欢这本书的地方；第二段重点描述制作书签需要的材料和工具以及制作书签的过程；第三段描述自己的感想。写作时运用不同的句式和短语使文章层次清晰，逻辑清楚，做到无单词拼写和语法错误。
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