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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
5年（2018-2022）中考英语真题分项汇编（河南专用）
专题03 选词填空
【2022年河南省中考真题】
四、短文选词填空
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
child help if way which solve into long develop they
Hand washing with soap can reduce (减少) illnesses. One of the easiest ____36____ to stop the spread of illness is to wash your hands. But many children haven’t ____37____ the right habit of hand washing. Children do not wash ____38____ hands often enough or long enough. It’s such a simple habit, but the children aren’t doing it.Issar and his friend decided to ____39____ the problem using a fun method. They tried many times and created a tool called Soapen. It turned hand washing ____40____ a fun activity.
As the name suggests, Soapen is a pen ____41____ is made out of soap. The children draw on hands with the Soapen and then wash the drawing off. The colors will remain on the children’s hands ____42____ they don’t spend enough time washing them off. It is very ____43____ for a teacher in a classroom. After all, not all the teachers have the time to make each ____44____ wash his hands properly.
“Children wash hands much ____45____ than before now because they like drawing on hands. Soapen does help children make a good habit of hand washing,” said Issar.
36．ways
37．developed
38．their
39．solve
40．into
41．which
42．if
43．helpful
44．child
45．longer
【解析】
【导语】
本文介绍了Issar帮助把洗手变成一种乐趣的故事。
36．
句意：阻止疾病传播最简单的方法之一就是洗手。根据“to stop the spread of illness is to wash your hands”可知，阻止疾病传播的最简单的方法(way)是洗手。短语“one of+名词的复数”意为“……之一”。故填ways。
37．
句意：但是很多孩子还没有养成正确的洗手习惯。根据“But many children haven’t…the right habit of hand washing”可知，本题考查短语“养成……的习惯”develop the habit of…。本句的时态是现在完成时，谓语结构是have done。“develop”的过去分词是developed。故填developed。
38．
句意：孩子们洗手的次数不够多，时间不够长。根据“Children do not wash …hands”可知，孩子们不洗他们的手，此空需用形容词性的物主代词their修饰名词“hands”。故填their。
39．
句意：Issar和他的朋友决定用一种有趣的方法来解决这个问题。根据“Issar and his friend decided to…the problem using a fun method.”可知，本题考查短语“解决问题”solve the problem。短语“决定去做某事”decide to do sth，其后需用动词的原形。故填solve。
40．
句意：它把洗手变成了一项有趣的活动。根据“It turned hand washing…a fun activity”可知，短语“变成”turn into。故填into。
41．
句意：皂笔，顾名思义，就是用肥皂做成的笔。根据“Soapen is a pen…is made out of soap”可知，本句是定语从句，先行词“pen”是物，且在从句中作主语的成分，需用关系代词which。故填which。
42．
句意：如果孩子们不花足够的时间洗掉这些颜色，它们就会留在孩子们的手上。根据“The colors will remain on the children’s hands…they don’t spend enough time washing them off.”可知“孩子们不花足够时间洗掉这些颜色”是“颜色会留在孩子们手上”的条件，用if表示“如果”，引导条件状语从句。故填if。
43．
句意：这对老师在课堂上很有帮助。根据“It is very…for a teacher in a classroom”可知，这对老师是有帮助的，在句中位于“is”之后，用help的形容词形式helpful作表语。故填helpful。
44．
句意：毕竟，不是所有的老师都有时间让每个孩子正确洗手。根据“After all, not all the teachers have the time to make each…wash his hands properly.”可知，不是所有的老师能让每个孩子(child)正确洗手。“each”每一个，其后需用名词的单数。故填child。
45．
句意：现在的孩子洗手的时间比以前长得多，因为他们喜欢在手上画画。根据“because they like drawing on hands”可知，因为他们喜欢在手上画画。可见孩子们洗手的时间比之前更长了(longer)。根据“much”以及“than”可知，此空需用比较级。故填longer。
（2021·河南中考真题）
一、短文选词填空
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
much visit build simple great year from life what it
There are lots of places of interest to visit in Henan. One of the 1． famous places is the Red Flag Canal (红旗渠) in Linzhou which was 2． on the side of cliffs (悬崖) of the Taihang Mountains.
The area was very dry with low rainfall because of 3． geographical conditions (地理条件). The local people used to live a hard 4． because of the shortage of water. So they decided to dig a canal to change the situation. They planned to take water 5． the Zhang River to Linxian county. The Red Flag Canal was started to build in the 1960s. The whole project took ten 6． to complete. It was really hard work. People used 7． tools to dig the canal, completely by hand. Now it has 8． helped the local people by bringing water to them and serves as the lifeline for the county.
Nowadays, some parts of the Red Flag Canal are open to tourists. Every year thousands of students 9． the Red Flag Canal Museum. While they move along and cross over the canal, they will learn 10． the spirit of “Red Flag Canal” is and know how great the Chinese people are.
【答案】
1．most2．built3．its4．life5．from
6．years7．simple8．greatly9．visit10．what
【分析】本文向我们介绍红旗渠的建设和作用，向我们展示中国人民是多么的伟大。
1．句意：林州的红旗渠是最著名的地方之一，它建在太行山的悬崖边上。根据“One of the…famous places…”可知，此处是“one of the+最高级+名词复数”结构，故填most。
2．句意：林州的红旗渠是最著名的地方之一，它建在太行山的悬崖边上。根据“the Red Flag Canal (红旗渠) in Linzhou which was…on the side of cliffs (悬崖) of the Taihang Mountains”可知，红旗渠建在太行山的悬崖边上，选择build，用于was done结构中表被动，故填built。
3．句意：由于地理条件的原因，这个地区非常干燥，降雨量少。根据“The area was very dry with low rainfall because of…geographical conditions”可知，此处指红旗渠的地理条件，结合备选词选择it，用形容词性物主代词作定语修饰geographical conditions，故填its。
4．句意：由于缺水，当地人过去过着艰苦的生活。根据“The local people used to live a hard…because of the shortage of water”可知，由于缺水，所以生活艰难，live a hard life过着艰苦的生活，故填life。
5．句意：他们计划从漳河取水到临县。根据“They planned to take water…the Zhang River to Linxian county.”可知，此处表示从漳河取水到临县，from…to…从……到……，故填from。
6．句意：整个工程花了十年时间才完成。根据“The whole project took ten…to complete.”可知，此处强调耗时多久，结合备选词选择year，此前有ten修饰，使用名词复数，故填years。
7．句意：人们用简单的工具挖运河，完全靠手工。根据“completely by hand”并结合备选词可知，基本靠手，所以工具是简单的，用simple作定语修饰tools，故填simple。
8．句意：现在，它极大地帮助了当地人民，为他们带来水，并成为该县的生命线。根据“Now it has…helped the local people”并结合备选词可知，此处强调程度，用副词作状语修饰动词，故填greatly。
9．句意：每年都有成千上万的学生参观红旗渠博物馆。根据“Every year thousands of students…the Red Flag Canal Museum.”和备选词可知，是参观红旗渠博物馆，故填visit。
10．句意：当他们在运河上穿行的时候，他们会了解到“红旗渠”的精神，知道中国人民是多么的伟大。根据“they will learn……the spirit of ‘Red Flag Canal’ is”和备选词可知，此处是宾语从句，引导词在从句中作表语，故填what。
（2020·河南中考真题）
present if last they usual other interest good help have
Friendship and kindness go hand in hand. A friendship can11．forever when friends are kind to each other.
People12．become friends because they have something in common. They share many of the same13．and little to be together. It is easy to be a friend when everything is going great, but a true friend is one who sticks around in both the14．times and the bad. A good friend will cheer you up when you are15．a bad day. Show a friend you care. Ask the other person, "What can I do to help you " and be willing to do it.
Listen to your friends. Be honest. Tell16．what is wrong if they have hurt you. Send a card, give them a little17．or call them on the phone just to say "I value our friendship".18．whenever and wherever you can. Good friendships are not easy to develop, but a friendship can last forever19．you are loyal and sincere. If you are a friend to20．, they will usually be a friend to you. Friends make life better.
Word Bankloyal忠实的sincere真诚的
【答案】
11．last12．usually13．interests14．good15．having
16．them17．present18．Help19．if20．others
【分析】文章主要介绍的是朋友之间相互友好，让友谊长存的办法。
11．句意：当朋友们彼此友好时，友谊可以永远持续。情态动词can后用动词原形，此处用last forever表示“永存”。故答案为last。
12．句意：人们通常因为有共同点而成为朋友。结合语境判断，此处缺少频度副词，此处用频度副词usually表示“通常”。故答案为usually。
13．句意：他们分享很多相同的兴趣爱好。the same后面用名词；根据“they have something in common”可知此处用复数名词interests表示“相同的兴趣爱好”。故答案为interests。
14．句意：万事顺利的时候很容易成为朋友，但是真正的朋友是不论好坏都一直在身边的人。根据“and the bad”可知此处指的是好坏，用the good times。故答案为good。
15．句意：当你心情不好的时候，一个好朋友会让你振作起来。when引导的时间状语从句缺少谓语动词，are后跟现在分词，构成现在进行时态。此处用having a bad day。故答案为having。
16．句意：当他们伤害了你，告诉他们什么是错误的。根据前文“Listen to your friends”，可知此处tell后面用宾格them。故答案为them。
17．句意：发一张贺卡，给他们小礼物或者打电话只是说“我珍惜我们的友谊”。此处用单数名称，根据“Send a card”可知此处表示“给一个小礼物”，用名词present。故答案为present。
18．句意：论何时何地，只要你能帮上忙。这是祈使句，句首用动词原形，首字母大写。此处表示“帮助朋友”用动词help。故答案为Help。
19．句意：好的友谊不容易建立，但是如果你忠诚真诚，友谊可以永恒。此处是条件状语，用连词if引导条件状语从句。故答案为if。
20．句意：如果你是别人的朋友，他们通常也会是你的朋友。 朋友让生活更美好。根据“they will usually be a friend to you”可知此处介词to后面用名词或代词，用代词others表示“其他人”。故答案为others。
（2019·河南中考真题）
The summer holiday was coming but Zach was a little sad. He would have to move21． the holiday, leaving his friends and his tree house. The tree house was Zach’s favorite place to go to when he wanted to be alone. He also liked 22． his friends there. They would play for 23． .
Zach told his mom, “I don’t want to move. I’m going to miss my friends. I’m also going to miss my tree house. I want to take it with me.” “Zach，but we have to24． your father’s changed his job. He is already 25． waiting for us. You will have a much 26． bedroom, and you will meet new friends at your new school,” 27．his mom. Zach wasn’t so sure.
When Zach and his mom arrived, Dad took Zach to the backyard. There, Zach saw a big tree house. “Wow!” Zach shouted. “This is great!” All of a sudden, Zach heard a 28． voice. “Are you moving in My name is Joey and I live next 29． Can I have a look at your tree house ”
“I think I’m going to 30． it here after all!” Zach told his mom and dad that night.
【答案】
21．during22．taking23．hours24．because25．there
26．bigger27．promised28．boy’s29．door30．like
【分析】该阅读材料是一篇记叙文，本文向同学们介绍了一名小学生Zach因暑假搬迁而引出的故事。
21．句意：假期中他不得不搬家，离开他的朋友和他的树屋。由语境和所给的单词意思可知，选择：during。在……期间：during。during the holiday：假期中。所以答案为：during。
22．句意：他也喜欢带朋友去那里。由语境和所给的单词意思可知，选择：take。根据题目要求，每空限填一词。故like后只能用动词的-ing形式。又根据语境：他也喜欢带朋友来这里。故答案为taking。
23．句意：他们会玩几个小时。由语境和所给的单词意思可知，选择：hour。for后接时间段。因此hour要用复数形式。故答案为hours。
24．句意：Zach，但我们不得不搬迁，因为你父亲换了工作。由语境和所给的单词意思可知，选择：because。结合语境：但是我们不得不搬迁_____ 你的父亲换了工作。空缺处前后两句属因果关系，故用because。
25．句意：他已经在那儿等我们了。由语境和所给的单词意思可知，选择：there。此处应填表示地点的词。语境：他已经在那里等着我们了。所以答案为：there。
26．句意：你会有一个很大的卧室，你会在新学校结识新朋友。由语境和所给的单词意思可知，选择：big。much后接形容词的比较级，故用big的比较级bigger，“一个更大的房间”。故答案为bigger。
27．句意：妈妈许诺说。由语境和所给的单词意思可知，选择：promise。根据上文可知，Zach的母亲许诺了许多事情，且事情发生在过去，故用promise的过去式promised。所以答案为：promised。
28．句意：突然，Zach听到一个男孩的声音。由语境和所给的单词意思可知，选择：boy。voice是名词，因此前面的名词应该用名词所有格形式，而且由冠词a可知，该名词所有格应该为单数。故答案为boy’s。
29．句意：我叫乔伊，住在隔壁。由语境和所给的单词意思可知，选择：door。固定搭配next door意为“隔壁”。所以填：door。
30．句意：我想我终究会喜欢上这里的。由语境和所给的单词意思可知，选择：like。语境是：我想我终究会喜欢上这里的。故用like符合题意。be going to后跟动词原形。故答案为like。
【2018年河南省中考真题】
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺，意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次，方框中有两个词是多余的。
so only ask friend three her talk start because later like interest
Once, there was a little girl named Meredith. Meredith enjoyed spending ___46___ free time with her friends, but there was something different about Meredith. She was always interested in things ___47___ chemistry and history . Meredith never wanted to ___48___ about these interests because she was afraid she would be judged(评头论足). she always learned more about these topics when she was by herself, ___49___ no one could find out about this. One day a new girl , Josie, joined her sixth-grade class, and the new girl was ___50___ to say three things about herself. Josie stood up and ___51___ to talk about her interests. First ,she said she was ___52___in reading and writing stories. Second, she said she liked history. ___53___,she said she enjoyed chemistry. Meredith's eyes lit up with joy. Finally, she had found someone who had common interests as her. ___54___ that day, Meredith found Josie on the playground and ran over to talk to her. They immediately（立刻） became ____55____and start to play at each other's houses on the weekend.
46．her
47．like
48．talk
49．so
50．asked
51．started
52．interested
53．Third
54．Later
55．friends
【解析】
【分析】
文章大意：这篇文章向我们讲述了一个内向的小女孩Meredith，她非常喜欢化学和历史，但是因为性格的原因，她不愿意和大家讨论他的兴趣。直到有一天，班里来了一个新的女孩Josie。在学习的过程中，Josie向大家分享了他的兴趣爱好。Meredith发现她和这个新来的女孩Josie志趣相投，于是她们很快就成为了好朋友。
46．句意：梅雷迪思喜欢和她的朋友们一起度过她的业余时间。spend one's free time，度过某人的业余时间。根据题干中的主语Meredith可判断，这里指的是Meredith的业余时间，所以横线上应填形容词性物主代词her。故答案为her。
47．句意：她总是对像化学、历史这样的事物感兴趣。空前She was always interested in things句意为“她总是对一些事情感兴趣”，空后chemistry and history句意为“化学和历史”，说明在进一步展开对哪些事情感兴趣，所以这里应填like，介词“像、例如”，故答案为like。
48．句意：梅雷迪思从不想去谈论这些兴趣，因为她害怕被评头论足。空前为wanted to，我们知道want to后面加动词原形，又因该空后面有about，与它搭配并符合句意的动词是talk，talk about sth，谈论某事；故答案为talk。
49．句意：她总是在独自一个人时才学习她感兴趣的这些内容，所以没有人知道这件事。由句意“她总是在独自一个人时才学习她感兴趣的这些内容，所以没有人知道这件事”可知此处前后两句话是因果关系，所以应用连词so表示因果关系，故答案为so。
50．句意：一天，一个新来的女孩Josie加入了六年级的班级，她被要求说出三件有关她自己的事情。该空前面为be动词，后面的“to say”是“to do”形式，所以这里应填动词；根据句意此处应填“asked”，be asked to do sth“被要求做某事”，这里是一般过去时的被动语态，故答案为asked。
51．句意：Josie站起来开始谈论她的兴趣爱好。该空后面to talk about是动词不定式，所以这里应填动词；又因为空前面是and，连接两个表示并列的成分，and前面用了“stood up”动词过去式，所以此处也应用动词过去式；根据句意可以应填“started”，故答案为started。
52．句意：首先，她说她对读和写故事感兴趣。根据空格前面的be动词，以及后面的in，可知这里应用固定搭配be interested in“对…感兴趣”，故答案为interested。
53．句意：第三，她说她喜欢化学。根据前两句话的“First”和“Second”，可知此处应填“Third”，故答案为Third。
54．句意：那天晚些时候，梅雷迪思在操场上找到了Josie，就跑过去和她聊天。由空后面的that day，可知这里是表示时间，根据句意可知应填“later”，later that day，那天的晚些时候，故答案填Later。
55．句意：她们立刻成为了好朋友，并开始在周末时到彼此的家里去玩。该空前面的became是系动词，意思是“变成、成为”，系动词后面要加名词或形容词，根据所给出的词语选项，只能选名词friend，become friends，成为朋友，故答案为friends
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5年（2018-2022）中考英语真题分项汇编（河南专用）
专题03 选词填空
【2022年河南省中考真题】
四、短文选词填空
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
child help if way which solve into long develop they
Hand washing with soap can reduce (减少) illnesses. One of the easiest ____36____ to stop the spread of illness is to wash your hands. But many children haven’t ____37____ the right habit of hand washing. Children do not wash ____38____ hands often enough or long enough. It’s such a simple habit, but the children aren’t doing it.Issar and his friend decided to ____39____ the problem using a fun method. They tried many times and created a tool called Soapen. It turned hand washing ____40____ a fun activity.
As the name suggests, Soapen is a pen ____41____ is made out of soap. The children draw on hands with the Soapen and then wash the drawing off. The colors will remain on the children’s hands ____42____ they don’t spend enough time washing them off. It is very ____43____ for a teacher in a classroom. After all, not all the teachers have the time to make each ____44____ wash his hands properly.
“Children wash hands much ____45____ than before now because they like drawing on hands. Soapen does help children make a good habit of hand washing,” said Issar.
（2021·河南中考真题）
一、短文选词填空
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
much visit build simple great year from life what it
There are lots of places of interest to visit in Henan. One of the 1． famous places is the Red Flag Canal (红旗渠) in Linzhou which was 2． on the side of cliffs (悬崖) of the Taihang Mountains.
The area was very dry with low rainfall because of 3． geographical conditions (地理条件). The local people used to live a hard 4． because of the shortage of water. So they decided to dig a canal to change the situation. They planned to take water 5． the Zhang River to Linxian county. The Red Flag Canal was started to build in the 1960s. The whole project took ten 6． to complete. It was really hard work. People used 7． tools to dig the canal, completely by hand. Now it has 8． helped the local people by bringing water to them and serves as the lifeline for the county.
Nowadays, some parts of the Red Flag Canal are open to tourists. Every year thousands of students 9． the Red Flag Canal Museum. While they move along and cross over the canal, they will learn 10． the spirit of “Red Flag Canal” is and know how great the Chinese people are.
（2020·河南中考真题）
present if last they usual other interest good help have
Friendship and kindness go hand in hand. A friendship can11．forever when friends are kind to each other.
People12．become friends because they have something in common. They share many of the same13．and little to be together. It is easy to be a friend when everything is going great, but a true friend is one who sticks around in both the14．times and the bad. A good friend will cheer you up when you are15．a bad day. Show a friend you care. Ask the other person, "What can I do to help you " and be willing to do it.
Listen to your friends. Be honest. Tell16．what is wrong if they have hurt you. Send a card, give them a little17．or call them on the phone just to say "I value our friendship".18．whenever and wherever you can. Good friendships are not easy to develop, but a friendship can last forever19．you are loyal and sincere. If you are a friend to20．, they will usually be a friend to you. Friends make life better.
Word Bankloyal忠实的sincere真诚的
（2019·河南中考真题）
The summer holiday was coming but Zach was a little sad. He would have to move21． the holiday, leaving his friends and his tree house. The tree house was Zach’s favorite place to go to when he wanted to be alone. He also liked 22． his friends there. They would play for 23． .
Zach told his mom, “I don’t want to move. I’m going to miss my friends. I’m also going to miss my tree house. I want to take it with me.” “Zach，but we have to24． your father’s changed his job. He is already 25． waiting for us. You will have a much 26． bedroom, and you will meet new friends at your new school,” 27．his mom. Zach wasn’t so sure.
When Zach and his mom arrived, Dad took Zach to the backyard. There, Zach saw a big tree house. “Wow!” Zach shouted. “This is great!” All of a sudden, Zach heard a 28． voice. “Are you moving in My name is Joey and I live next 29． Can I have a look at your tree house ”
“I think I’m going to 30． it here after all!” Zach told his mom and dad that night.
【2018年河南省中考真题】
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺，意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次，方框中有两个词是多余的。
so only ask friend three her talk start because later like interest
Once, there was a little girl named Meredith. Meredith enjoyed spending ___46___ free time with her friends, but there was something different about Meredith. She was always interested in things ___47___ chemistry and history . Meredith never wanted to ___48___ about these interests because she was afraid she would be judged(评头论足). she always learned more about these topics when she was by herself, ___49___ no one could find out about this. One day a new girl , Josie, joined her sixth-grade class, and the new girl was ___50___ to say three things about herself. Josie stood up and ___51___ to talk about her interests. First ,she said she was ___52___in reading and writing stories. Second, she said she liked history. ___53___,she said she enjoyed chemistry. Meredith's eyes lit up with joy. Finally, she had found someone who had common interests as her. ___54___ that day, Meredith found Josie on the playground and ran over to talk to her. They immediately（立刻） became ____55____and start to play at each other's houses on the weekend.
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