人教版八年级英语上册 Unit 2 How often do you exercise?知识点

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人教版八年级英语上册 Unit 2 How often do you exercise?知识点

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Unit 2 How often do you exercise
单元知识点
一、固定用法
一)、关于be动词 一般现在时的结构:
1.主语(I) am
2.主语(He/she/it/this/that/人名/名词单数/
形物代+名词单数)+ is
3.主语(We/you/they/these/those/名词复数/
形物代+名词复数)+ are
二)、关于be动词一般现在时否定句:
1.主语(I) am not
2.主语(He/she/it/this/that/人名/名词单数/
形物代+名词单数)+ is not
3.主语(We/you/they/these/those/名词复数/
形物代+名词复数)+ are not
三)、关于be动词一般现在时疑问句:
1.Is he/she/it/this/that/人名/名词单数/形容词性物主代词+
名词单数+...?
Yes,he/she/it is; No,he/she/it isn't;
2.Are they/these/those/名词复数/形容词性物主代词+名词复数+...
Yes,they are; No,they aren't;
四)、一般现在时含有实义动词的固定用法:
一)肯定句用法:
1.He/she/it/this/that/人名/名单/形物代+名单+V单...
2.I/We/you/they/these/those/名复/形物代+名复+V原...
二)否定句用法:
1.He/she/it/this/that/人名/名单/形物代+名单+doesn't+
V原...
2.I/We/you/they/these/those/名复/形物代+名复+don't+
V原...
五)、含有实义动词一般疑问句用法
1.Does he/she/it/人名/名单/形物代+名单+V原...?
Yes,he/she/it does; No,he/she/it doesn't
2.Do you/they/名复/形物代+名复+V原...
Yes,I/we/they do; No,I/we/they don't;
六)、含有实义动词用法的做题规律
1.I →am→am not→V原→do→don't
2.He/she/it/this/that/人名/名单/形物代+名单→ is→is not→
V单→does→doesn't
We/you/they/these/those/名复/形物代+名复→are→
are not→V原→do→don't
do/don't/does/doesn't引导句子后都用V原形;
、GF知识点
1.What does he/she/it/人名/名单/形物代+名单+V原...?
2.What do you/they/名复/形物代+名复+V原...
3.How often does he/she/it/人名/名单/形物代+名单+V原...?
4.How often do you/they/名复/形物代+名复+V原...
重点短语
1.on weekends=at weekends=at/on the weekend 在周末
2. go to the movies 去看电影
3. go shopping 去购物
4. use the Internet 使用网络
5. be free空闲的→be full 忙的
6.more than=over 多于
7.have lessons 上课;have a/an...lesson 上...课;
8.stay up 熬夜
9.at least 至少
10.at most 至多
11.less than 少于
12.as a result 作为结果,因此,结果,
13.such as 例如
14.help with housework 帮助做家务
15.do the dishes 清洗餐具
16.read a newspaper 看报纸
17.do more exercise 做更多的锻炼
18.at once 立即,马上
19.once in a while 偶尔地
20.on weekdays 在工作日
三、用法集萃
1.辨析:特殊疑问句中与how相关的疑问词组用法:
词组 词义 用法 答语特征
how long 多久 询问时间多长 for/about+一段时间
how often 多久一次 询问动作的频率 often,twice a week等
how soon 过多久以后 询问时间多久(用于一般将来时)
in+一段时间
how far 多远 询问距离多远 ten minutes' walk
how many 多少 询问可数名词数量 数词+可数名复
how many times 多少次 询问次数多少 次数
how many hours 多少小时 询问小时多少 时间小时
8)how much 多少,多少钱 询问多少不可数名词数量或者价格 货币单位
2.help的用法
1)help sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事
2)help (to) do sth. 帮助做某事
3)help sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助某人
4)help oneself to sth. 请自便
5)can't/couldn't help doing sth. 情不自禁做某事
3.want的用法
1)want to do sth. 想要做某事
2)want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事
3)want doing sth. (主语是物) 某物需要...
4.【辨析】be good for,be good to,be good with与
be good at
1)be good for 对……有益
2)be good to sb. 对……好
3)be good with sb. 善于应付……的
4)be good at+V-ing 擅长于……的
5.辨析:spend,cost,take与pay
1)spend 花费时间、金钱等,主语是人,结构为:
Sb. spend(s)/spent +时间+on sth.
Sb. spend(s)/spent +时间+(in)doing sth.
pay 支付钱,主语是人,结构为:
Sb. pay(s)...for sth. sb. paid...for sth.
cost 价格为,花费,主语多为物,结构为:
Sth. cost (s) sb. some money
take 花费时间,it作形式主语,结构为:
It takes/took sb. some time to do sth.
mind的用法
mind+doing sth. 介意做某事
change one's mind 改变某人的主意
make up one's mind to do sth. 下定决心做某事
in one's mind 在某人看来
have/keep...in mind 记住...
Would you mind (one's) doing sth.
你介意某人做某事吗?
percent of后接名词作主语时,of后的名词如果为不可数名词或单数可数名词,谓语动词用单数形式;若of后的名词为可数名词复数形式,则谓语动词用复数形式。(percent单复数同形。与数词连用时,数词应置percent之前。)
exercise的用法
V. 运动,锻炼
n. 不可数,运动,锻炼 do more exercise 多锻炼
n. 可数名词,练习,体操,
do morning exercises 做早操; do eye exercises 做眼保健操
be free to do sth. =have time to do sth. 有空做某事
be full of=be filled with 充满,装满
have to+V原 不得不做某事
play sth. with sb. 和某人一起玩某物
on+星期
It's+adj. for sb. to do sth. 对于某人来说,做某事是...
be/become interested in doing 对做某事感兴趣;
辨析:hard与hardly
hard adj. 硬的,困难的;adv. 努力地,辛苦地,猛烈地;修饰雨下得大,a heavy rain/ rain hard
hardly adv. 几乎不,表示否定意义;
once 一次,曾经;twice 两次,两倍;三次或者三次以上,其结构为:基数词+times;three times 三次
sure的用法
be sure to do sth. 确定做某事
be sure about 确信,对…有把握
make sure 确保,查明
health的用法
stay/keep in good health=stay/keep healthy 保持健康
be in good health=be healthy 处于健康状态
keep healthy=keep fit 保持健康
health 健康 n. →adj. healthy 健康的 →adv. healthily 健康地; adj. healthy 反义词:unhealthy adj.
adv. healthily反义词:unhealthily adv.
拓展:luck幸运n.→adj. lucky幸运的→adv. luckily幸运地
adj. lucky幸运的 反义词:unlucky adj.
adv. luckily幸运地 反义词:unluckily adv.
surprise的用法
to one's surprise 让某人惊讶的是
be surprised at sth. 对某事感到惊讶
3)be surprised to do sth. 对做某事而感到惊讶
4)in surprise 惊讶地
关于to表示...的;表示钥匙、答案、桥、和路,出入口的;
the answer to ...的答案
the key to the door 门上的钥匙
the bridge to the knowledge 知识的桥梁
the way to the school 去学校的路
the exit to the building 大楼的出口
the entrance to the garden 花园的入口
by的用法
by+交通工具
by+doing
by+时间 到...时间为止
by now 到目前为止
by+地点 在...旁边
辨析:such as,for example,like;
such as 一般用来列举同类事物或人中的几个;
for example常用来举例说明一种情况,一般只举一例;
like 常用来表示举例,可与such as 互换;
point的用
point to 指远处
point at 指近处
afraid的用法
be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事
be afraid of doing sth. 害怕发生某事
be afraid that从句 害怕...
26.辨析:die from与die of
die from死于外因, 2)die of 死于内因
拓展:die 形容词是:dead,die名词是:death;
die过去式:died;过去分词:died;die现在分词:dying;
27.表示年龄:
基数词--year--old;中间有连字符号,名词year用单数;其结构相当于形容词,用来修饰名词;作定语;
Eg:an eight-year-old boy
基数词+years+old,中间不用连字符号,名词year用复数(基数词大于1),其结构通常放于be动词之后,做表语;
Eg:He is eight years old.
28.辨析:sometimes,some times,sometime,some time;
sometimes 有时,表示发生事情的频率,提问用
how often;
some times 几次/倍,表示次数、倍数,提问用
how many times;
sometime 某个时候,指将来或过去不确定的时间,提问用when;
some time 一段时间, 提问用how long;
总结:分开是“一段 some time ”,牵手是“某个时侯 sometime”,分开加s是“倍,次 some times”,合在一起加s是“有时 sometimes ”;
29.辨析:maybe 与may be
maybe adv. “也许,可能”,常位于句首;相当于perhaps;
may be may是情态动词,be是动词原形,两者构成谓语动词形式,“也许,可能”;通常放于句中;
30.辨析:through,across,over
through 指从物体内部穿过;穿过深林,隧道,窗户,云彩等。
across 指从物体表面穿过,横过;
over 指从物体上方越过;
31.not ...at all 一点也不;not at all 不用谢,相当于you
are welcome;
32.here,there,out,up,down等副词开头的句子,常用倒装句;其结构为:
Here is/was+名词单数;Here+are/were+名复;
Here+V单/V过+名词单数;Here+V原/V过+名复;
3)同理:there和here的用法一样;名词倒装,代词不倒装;
4)Here you are;Here he comes;(代词不倒装)

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