资源简介

(共119张PPT)
B2 U 4
Vocabulary I
london
1.Confucius n. 孔子
confuse vt.使困惑
1)孔庙
Temple of Confucius
2)The Confucius Institute established all over the world is to promote Chinese language and culture.
2.mansion n. 公馆，宅邸
1)孔府
Kong Family Mansion
2)A Dream of Red Mansions
3.cemetery n. 墓地，公墓
tomb n. 坟墓
grave n. 坟墓
1)孔林
Cemetery of Confucius
4.philosophy n. 哲学；哲理；人生观
philosopher n. 哲学家
1)Xiao Kong is doing a research project on Confucius philosophy. Confucius is one of his favourite philosophers.
5. ascend v. 上升；攀登
descend v.下降；遗传
descendant n. 后裔；子孙
adj. 下降的；祖传的
1)Chinese descendants
炎黄子孙
Descendant of The Dragon
龙的传人
direct descendants
直系后裔
6.individual adj. 个人的；个别的
n. 个人，个体
1)Their child is at the stage where she can say individual words but not full sentences.(2019天津)
2)Sometimes I feel that individuals can have little effect on such huge environmental problems.
7.Achilles' heel（希腊神话） 阿基里斯之踵，致命的弱点
heel n. 脚后跟；脚踵
1)英语是我的致命弱点。
English is my Achilles’ heel.
2)Lack of self-confidence is his Achilles' heel.
3.high heel shoes
B2 U 4
Vocabulary Ⅱ
london
8.kingdom n.王国；领域
king n.国王
queen n.女王; 王后
prince n.王子; 王孙; 亲王
princess n.公主; 王妃
9.chief n. 首领；酋长；主要部分 【复数:chiefs】
adj. 首席的；主要的
main/major: adj.主要的
1)首席设计师
chief designer
首席执行官/总裁
chief executive(执行的) officer (CEO)
10.confuse vt.使困惑
puzzle n. 谜；难题；迷惑
vt. 使…困惑 vi. 迷惑；冥思苦想
puzzled adj. 困惑的
puzzling adj. 令人迷惑不解的
1)Getting to know a little bit about British history will help you solve this puzzle.
2)What puzzled me most was how the accident could have happened.
3)Facing the ________(puzzle) situation, the manager looked_________(puzzle).
4)The girl looked at me with a ______(puzzle) expression.
puzzling
puzzled
puzzled
10.puzzle n. 谜；难题；迷惑
①be in a puzzle 感到困惑
②be a puzzle to sb. 对某人来说是个谜
vt. 使…困惑 vi. 迷惑；冥思苦想
③puzzle about/over sth 冥思苦想；对...感到困惑(动作)
puzzled adj. 困惑的
④be puzzled about/over...对...感到困惑(状态)
puzzling adj. 令人迷惑不解的
5)I'm _____a puzzle as to how to get along with him.
6)Their reason for doing it is still ____ puzzle to me.
7)These scientissts have been puzzling __________how to solve the environmental problem.
about/over
in
a
11.nearby adj. 附近的，邻近的
adv. 在附近
prep. 在…附近
neighbourhood n.临近
12.join ... t0 ... 把……和……连接或联结起来
1)In the 16th century, the nearby country of Wales was joined to the Kingdom of England.
2)Every individual or group ________ (join) to the world by the Internet.
3)People all over the world usually connect China _______ silk and good food.
4)据说到目前为止，成千上万的网友(netizen)参加了讨论。
It's said that thousands of netizens have joined in the discussion so far.
①connect...with... 把……和……联系起来
②join the army/club 参军/加入俱乐部（团体、组织）
③join in 参加（比赛、活动）
is joined
with
13.break away (from sb/sth) 脱离,背叛；挣脱，逃脱；
1)In the 20th century, the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK.
2)The tiger broke away from the cage and fled into the forest.
3)He grabbed her, but she managed to _____________ （挣脱） him .
break away from
13.break away (from sb/sth) 脱离；背叛；逃脱；摆脱
①break down 损坏,发生故障；分解；累垮
②break out 爆发；突然发生
③break up 结束；破裂
④break into 闯入
⑤break in 闯入 ；打断
4)If you go on working like that, you will break ______sooner or later.
5)A fire broke ______ in this hotel last night and three people were killed.
6)In my opinion, marriage based on money ______________（很可能会破裂）.
7)There was no one nearby who might see him trying to break _____the house.
8)Don't break _____in when he is telling the story.
down
out
is likely to break up
into/in
in
14.belong vi. 属于；应归入
①belong to 属于(无进行时态和被动语态)
belonging n. 所有物；财产；归属 (常用复数+s)
1)Please take care of your belongings.
2)He keeps telling his students that the future belongs to the well-educated.
3)The book which is interesting _________(属于）Jack.
4)He was very upset that the valuable watch _________ (belong) to him was lost.
5)My friend will help you move your ________(belong).
belongs to
belonging
belongings
15.as well as 和，以及；同……一样好（副词）
1)Sarah, who has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to improve that she has brains as well as beauty.(2017全国III)
2)The man, as well as his three children, is going out for hiking this weekend.
3)She cooks as well as her mother.
4)Amy, as well as her brothers, _____ given a warm welcome when returning to the village last week.(2019天津)
as well as, along with, together with等连接的名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词与其前面的名词或代词保持一致,即“就远原则”。它们的意思是: “和”。
was
15.as well 也
1)他说法语，也说西班牙语。
He speaks French, and Spanish as well.
2)我也去过长城。
I have been to the Great Wall as well．
=I have been to the Great Wall (,) too．
=I have also been to the Great Wall.
either--我也没去过长城。
I have not been to the Great Wall either.
as well, too, also, either， 也
前三个用于肯定句, either 用于否定句。
16.currency n. 货币；通货
current adj. 现行的；流通的
currently adv. 当前, 目前=presently
money n. 钱
cash n. 现金
bill/note n. 纸币
coin n. 硬币
credit card 信用卡

$

?
--yuan
--dollar
--pound
--euro
17.military adj. 军事的；军用的
1)the military training
军训
the military parade
阅兵
take military action
采取军事活动
18.defence n. 防御；保卫；辩护
①in defence of 为了保卫……；为……辩护
defend vt. 保卫；为……辩护vi. 防卫；防御
②defend A from/against B 保卫A不受B的伤害
defensive adj.防御性的
1）the Department of Defense
国防部
2）军事防御
military defence
3）A good diet helps build the body's natural defence.
4）We shouldn't forget the soldiers who defended our country.
5) We shouldn't forget the soldiers who died in defence of our country.
6）The town walls were built to defend against enemy attacks.
7）Some think that students should be trained _______________(保护自己免受攻击).
8）She stepped back apprearing surprised and put up her hands as if in______(defend）.
9）They fought to the finish _____________（为了保护人民的自由和利益）.
10）The government took some ________(defend）measures against possible attacks.
to defend themselves against some attacks
defence
in defence of freedom and benefits of the people
defensive
18.defence n. 防御；保卫；辩护
①in defence of 为了保卫……；为……辩护
defend vt. 保卫；为……辩护vi. 防卫；防御
②defend A from/against B 保卫A不受B的伤害
defensive adj.防御性的
19.legal adj. 法律的；合法的；法定的
legally adv. 法律上;合法地
illegal adj. 不合法的;违法的
illegally adv. 不法地
16.currency n. 货币；通货
current adj. 现行的；流通的
currently adv. 当前, 目前=presently
money n. 钱
cash n. 现金
bill/note n. 纸币
coin n. 硬币
credit card 信用卡

$

?
--yuan
--dollar
--pound
--euro
20.surround vt. 围绕；包围
①surround...with... 用……包围……
②be surrounded by/with 被……所包围，被……所围绕
surrounding adj. 周围的，周边的
surroundings n.(复数) 环境；周围的事物
1）The professor likes to surround himself with his students.
2）The super star is surrounded by his fans.
3）Living in beautiful and comfortable _________(surround), we felt very happy.
4）They all went out to look for the lost child in the __________ (surround) villages.
5）The small village _____________________(被青山绿水环绕着）, attracting visitors from every corner.
surroundings
surrounding
is surrounded by/with green mountains and clear rivers
21. evidence n. 证据，证明【U】
①There is (some) evidence that...有证据证明……
evident adj. 明显的；显然的
②It's evident that... 很明显……
evidently adv. 明显地；显然地
1）Modern science has given clear evidence that smoking can lead to many diseases.
2）There's some evidence that outdoor activities are good for us.
3）It is evident that our life has become more convenient because of the Internet.
4）There is evidence ________ online networking can transform our daily interactions.
5）It is ______(evidence) that barriers still exist for women in the work place.
that
evident
22.achieve vt. 达到；取得；实现
①achieve one's goal 达到目标
achievement n. [C&U]成就,伟绩；完成
②a sense of achievement 成就感
③make an achievement 取得成就
1）Some of their great achievements included building towns and roads.
2）Even a small success can give you a sense of achievement.
3）His laziness makes it impossible for him to achieve his goal.
4）The woman scientist was awarded the Nobel Prize for physics for those great ___________(achievement) made by her.
5）It ___________________________(给我一种成就感) when I make it to the end of a very long book.
achievements
gives me a sense of achievement
23.locate vt. 定位；确定……的位置
①be located at/in 位于，座落于
location n. 位置；地点
1)His office is located at the Xiangshan campus of the university in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province.(2018全国III)
stand
lie in
be seated
24.conquer vt. 战胜，征服 vi. 胜利，得胜
conqueror n.征服者，胜利者
conquest n. 征服，战胜；战利品
25.battle n. & vi. & vt.战斗；搏斗；奋斗
1)黒斯廷战役
Battle of Hastings
26.transport n.交通
port n. 港口，口岸
import n. &vt. vi. 输入，进口
export n. &vt.vi.输出，出口；出口商品
27.fascinate vt. 迷住，使着迷，使神魂颠倒
fascinating adj. 迷人的；吸引人的；令人神魂颠倒的
=charming
fascinated adj.入迷的，极感兴趣的
28.keep your eyes open（for）留心；留意
keep an eye on 照看；留意；密切关注
1)If that sounds like good news, keep your eyes open for your chance for change.
2)You must keep an eye on your young children when you are in a crowded street.
B2 U 4
Reading and thinking
语言点
london
1 The United Kingdom, Great Britain, Britain, England—many people are confused by what these different names mean. So what is the difference between them, if any Getting to know a little bit about British history will help you solve this puzzle.
1 The United Kingdom, Great Britain, Britain, England—many people are confused by what these different names mean. So what is the difference between them, if any Getting to know a little bit about British history will help you solve this puzzle.
if型的省略结构
省略：So what is the difference between them, if any
完整：So what is the difference between them, if there is any difference
在if引导的条件状语从句中，有时可以省略从句的主语和谓语动词，在这类省略结构中，有的已构成固定结构。
常见的结构有：
①if any 如果有的话
Correct the mistakes, if any.
Correct the mistakes, if there are any mistakes.
if型的省略结构
在if引导的条件状语从句中，有时可以省略从句的主语和谓语动词，在这类省略结构中，有的已构成固定结构。
常见的结构有：
①if any 如果有的话
②if not 如果不是
Do you have an unbrella If not, I will lend you mine.
Do you have an unbrella If you do not have an unbrella, I will lend you mine.
if型的省略结构
在if引导的条件状语从句中，有时可以省略从句的主语和谓语动词，在这类省略结构中，有的已构成固定结构。
常见的结构有：
①if any 如果有的话
②if not 如果不是
③if so 如果这样的话
Is it raining If so, let's go there tomorrow.
Is it raining If it is raining, let's go there tomorrow.
注意if so与if not连用的情形：
Will you be staying another night If so, we can give you a better room. If not, could you be out of your room by 12:00
if型的省略结构
在if引导的条件状语从句中，有时可以省略从句的主语和谓语动词，在这类省略结构中，有的已构成固定结构。
常见的结构有：
①if any 如果有的话
②if not 如果不是
③if so 如果这样的话
④if ever 如果有过/发生过的话，常与seldom连用，表“极少，难得”
He seldom , if ever, travels abroad.
if型的省略结构
在if引导的条件状语从句中，有时可以省略从句的主语和谓语动词，在这类省略结构中，有的已构成固定结构。
常见的结构有：
①if any 如果有的话
②if not 如果不是
③if so 如果这样的话
④if ever 如果有过/发生过的话,常与seldom连用，表“极少，难得”
⑤if+形容词：
If necessary, I will go there by myself.
I suggest you make a copy of the document, if possible.
Send the goods now if ready.
1 The United Kingdom, Great Britain, Britain, England—many people are confused by what these different names mean. So what is the difference between them, if any Getting to know a little bit about British history will help you solve this puzzle.
2 Inthe 16th century, the nearby country of Wales was joined to the Kingdom of England. Later, in the 18th century, the country Scotland was joined to create the Kingdom of Great Britain. In the 19th century, the Kingdom of Ireland was added to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Finally, in the 20th century,the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK, which resulted in the full name we have today: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Most people just use the shortened name: “the United Kingdom” or “the UK”. People from the UK are called “British”, which means the UK is also often referred to as Britain or Great Britain.
2 Inthe 16th century, the nearby country of Wales was joined to the Kingdom of England. Later, in the 18th century, the country Scotland was joined to create the Kingdom of Great Britain. In the 19th century, the Kingdom of Ireland was added to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Finally, in the 20th century,the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK, which resulted in the full name we have today: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Most people just use the shortened name: “the United Kingdom” or “the UK”. People from the UK are called “British”, which means the UK is also often referred to as Britain or Great Britain.
2 Inthe 16th century, the nearby country of Wales was joined to the Kingdom of England. Later, in the 18th century, the country Scotland was joined to create the Kingdom of Great Britain. In the 19th century, the Kingdom of Ireland was added to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Finally, in the 20th century,the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK, which resulted in the full name we have today: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Most people just use the shortened name: “the United Kingdom” or “the UK”. People from the UK are called “British”, which means the UK is also often referred to as Britain or Great Britain.
3 The four countries that belong to the United Kingdom work together in some areas. They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence. However, they also have some differences. For example, England,Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland all have different education systems and legal systems. They also have their own traditions, like their own national days and national dishes. And they even have their own football teams for competitions like the World Cup!
3 The four countries that belong to the United Kingdom work together in some areas. They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence. However, they also have some differences. For example, England,Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland all have different education systems and legal systems. They also have their own traditions, like their own national days and national dishes. And they even have their own football teams for competitions like the World Cup!
3 The four countries that belong to the United Kingdom work together in some areas.They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence. However, they also have some differences. For example, England,Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland all have different education systems and legal systems. They also have their own traditions, like their own national days and national dishes. And they even have their own football teams for competitions like the World Cup!
3 The four countries that belong to the United Kingdom work together in some areas.They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence. However, they also have some differences. For example, England,Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland all have different education systems and legal systems. They also have their own traditions, like their own national days and national dishes. And they even have their own football teams for competitions like the World Cup!
4 The United Kingdom has a long and interesting history to explore, which can help you understand much more about the country and its traditions. Almost everywhere you go in the UK, you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people who took over at different times throughout history. The first group, the Romans, came in the first century. Some of their great achievements included building towns and roads. Next, the Anglo-Saxons arrived in the fifth century. They introduced the beginnings of the English language, and changed the way people built houses.
4 The United Kingdom has a long and interesting history to explore, which can help you understand much more about the country and its traditions. Almost everywhere you go in the UK, you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people who took over at different times throughout history. The first group, the Romans, came in the first century. Some of their great achievements included building towns and roads. Next, the Anglo-Saxons arrived in the fifth century. They introduced the beginnings of the English language, and changed the way people built houses.
4 The United Kingdom has a long and interesting history to explore, which can help you understand much more about the country and its traditions. Almost everywhere you go in the UK, you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people who took over at different times throughout history. The first group, the Romans, came in the first century. Some of their great achievements included building towns and roads. Next, the Anglo-Saxons arrived in the fifth century. They introduced the beginnings of the English language, and changed the way people built houses.
way作先行词，且在定语从句中作方式状语
关系词----用 that/in which/省略
1)I don't like the way _____________ he laughed at me.
2)The students didn't undrstand the way______________ the math teacher solved the problem.
3)You speak to her in the way ______________I don’t like.
4)I was impressed by the way ______________ she did it.
5)He has given you the way ______________is best to solve the problem.
that/ which/省略
that/in which/省略
that/in which/省略
that/in which/省略
that/ which
The Vikings came in the eighth century, left behind lots of new vocabulary, and also the names of many locations across theUK. The last group were the Normans. They conquered England after the well-known Battle of Hastings in the11th century. They had castles built all around England, and made changes to the legal system. The Normans were French, so many French words slowly entered into the English language.
The Vikings came in the eighth century, left behind lots of new vocabulary, and also the names of many locations across theUK. The last group were the Normans. They conquered England after the well-known Battle of Hastings in the11th century. They had castles built all around England, and made changes to the legal system. The Normans were French, so many French words slowly entered into the English language.
5 There is so much more to learn about the interesting history and culture of the United Kingdom. Studying the history of the country will make your visit much more enjoyable. The capital city London is a great place to start, as it is an ancient port city that has a history dating all the way back to Roman times. There are countless historic sites to explore, and lots of museums with ancient relics from all over the UK. The UK is a fascinating mix of history and modern culture, with both new and old traditions. If you keep your eyes open, you will be surprised to find that you can see both its past and its present.
5 There is so much more to learn about the interesting history and culture of the United Kingdom. Studying the history of the country will make your visit much more enjoyable. The capital city London is a great place to start, as it is an ancient port city that has a history dating all the way back to Roman times. There are countless historic sites to explore, and lots of museums with ancient relics from all over the UK. The UK is a fascinating mix of history and modern culture, with both new and old traditions. If you keep your eyes open, you will be surprised to find that you can see both its past and its present.
5 There is so much more to learn about the interesting history and culture of the United Kingdom. Studying the history of the country will make your visit much more enjoyable. The capital city London is a great place to start, as it is an ancient port city that has a history dating all the way back to Roman times. There are countless historic sites to explore, and lots of museums with ancient relics from all over the UK. The UK is a fascinating mix of history and modern culture, with both new and old traditions. If you keep your eyes open, you will be surprised to find that you can see both its past and its present.
5 There is so much more to learn about the interesting history and culture of the United Kingdom. Studying the history of the country will make your visit much more enjoyable. The capital city London is a great place to start, as it is an ancient port city that has a history dating all the way back to Roman times. There are countless historic sites to explore, and lots of museums with ancient relics from all over the UK. The UK is a fascinating mix of history and modern culture, with both new and old traditions. If you keep your eyes open, you will be surprised to find that you can see both its past and its present.
5 There is so much more to learn about the interesting history and culture of the United Kingdom. Studying the history of the country will make your visit much more enjoyable. The capital city London is a great place to start, as it is an ancient port city that has a history dating all the way back to Roman times. There are countless historic sites to explore, and lots of museums with ancient relics from all over the UK. The UK is a fascinating mix of history and modern culture, with both new and old traditions. If you keep your eyes open, you will be surprised to find that you can see both its past and its present.
B2 U 4
Vocabulary Ⅲ
london
29.charge vt.收费；控告；充电
①charge (sb. +mony ) for (sth.) 为某事向某人收取费用
②charge sb. with (doing) sth. 控告某人（做）某事
1)给手机/电池充电
charge the cellphone/battery
2)The restaurant charged us 400 yuan _____ the wine.
3)How much did he _______ ______ (索价)the repairs
4)The company charged her _____ using the company's money secretly.
for
with
charge for
29.charge vt.收费；控告；充电
n.收费；指控；主管
③take charge of 接管，负责
④in charge of 主管，负责 (主语为人)
⑤in the charge of sb.=in one's charge由某人负责/主管(主语为物)
⑥free of charge=for free 免费
5)He _____ _____ _____ (接管) the farm after his father’s death.
6)He was ____ ____ ____(负责) a flying task.(2013全国II)
7)He told me that the factory was ______________________
(由他弟弟负责)
8)All goods are delivered ____ _____ _____(免费).
took charge of
in charge of
in the charge of his brother.
free of charge
9)He was charged with being mean to the employees after he took charge of the company, which had been in the charge of his father, for he began to charge the staff for charging their electric motorcycles.
29.charge vt.收费；控告；充电
①charge (sb. +mony ) for (sth.) 为某事向某人收取费用
②charge sb. (with) doing sth. 控告某人（做）某事
n.收费；指控；主管
③take charge of 接管，掌管
④in charge of 主管，负责 (主语为人)
⑤in the charge of sb.=in one's charge由某人负责/主管(主语为物)
⑥free of charge=for free 免费
30.announce vi. 宣布，宣告；声称
①announce sth. to sb. =announce to sb. sth. 向某人宣告某事
②announce that... 宣布...
③It is announced that... 据宣布...
announcement n. 公告；通告；声明
announcer n.播音员；告知者
1)The teacher announced ___ us the result of the experiment at the beginning of the class.
2)Our retirement community announced that they were having an essay competition.(2011北京)
3)____________________(据宣称) new speed restrictions(限制) would be carried out.
It was announced that
to
4)用announce填空
The ____________ made an _____________ that all the details should be _____________ through the broadcast.
announced
announcement
announcer
30.announce vi. 宣布，宣告；声称
①announce sth. to sb. =announce to sb. sth. 向某人宣告某事
②announce that... 宣布...
③It is announced that... 据宣布...
announcement n. 公告；通告；声明
④make an announcement 宣布
announcer n.播音员；告知者
31.amount vi. 总计，合计；相当于
①amount to 总计达到;等于
n. 数量；总额，总数
②a large amount of +不可数名词+谓语动词单数 许多的，大量的
=large amounts of+不可数名词+谓语动词复数
1)The total cost of repairs amounted to $100.
2)Planning without any real action amounts to nothing.
3)To my disappointment , a large amount of money _________ (waste) so far.
4)At that time, large amounts of land _________(use) for keeping animals.
5)There ____ large amounts of valuable information about the Olympic Games.
has been wasted
were used
are
31.amount vi. 总计，合计；相当于
①amount to 总计达到;等于
n. 数量；总额，总数
②a large amount of +不可数名词+谓语动词单数
=large amounts of+不可数名词+谓语动词复数
许多的，大量的
表示“大量的”短语还有:
a great deal of /a large amount of+不可数名词
a large number of+可数名词复数
a lot of,plenty of +可数名词/不可数名词
32.gallery n.（艺术作品的)展览馆；画廊
1)艺术画廊
an art gallery
国家美术馆
the National Gallery
33.approach n. 方法；途径；接近
①an approach to sth./doing sth. 做某事的方法
②at the approach of... 在...快到的时候
vt. 接近；处理vi. 靠近
③be approaching 临近，靠近
④approach problems 处理/解决问题
1)Facing up to your problem rather than running away from them is the best approach ___ working things out.(2014浙江)
2)At the approach of the evening the herdsman come to feed his cattle.
3)As winter is __________(approach), many animals are storing food.
4)Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important problem.(2018全国)
to
approaching
34.ensure vt. 保证；确保；担保
=make sure
insure v.确保；投保
1)In order to ensure success we must have a complete and thorough plan.
2)We hope that our work will be beneficial to technological solutions to ensure that drivers stay safer behind the wheel.(2017全国III)
3)确保某人的安全
ensure the safety of sb.
4)I insured my life for 5000.
35.landscape n.(陆上，尤指乡村的)风景
view n. 景色;风景
sight n. 风景;景象
scenery n. 风景;景色
1)自然景观
the natural landscape
山水画
landscape paintings
36.generous adj. 慷慨的，大方的；丰富的
①be generous with sth． 在某方面慷慨大方
②be generous to sb． 对某人慷慨大方
③It is generous of sb. to do sth. 某人做某事是大方的
generously adj. 慷慨的，大方的；丰富的
generosity n. 慷慨，大方；宽宏大量
1)Be generous with your praise.
2)The old couple are always generous to the poor.
3)It was generous of you to forgive me.
37. a piece of bread with butter and honey
38.ancestor n. 先祖，祖先
1)ancestor worship(尊崇)
祭祖
39.position n. 位置；姿势；处境；观点；职位 vt. 安置；放置好
①in position 在合适的地方
②out of position 在不合适的地方
1)The ship was identified, and its name and position were reported to the Coast Guard.
2)I would like to apply for the position of Sales Director.
3)What's your position on this problem
4)You should put the medicine in position.
5)When I entered the office, I found all the books out of position.
6)They watched over the lake with their cameras and binoculars, which were positioned on the hill.
40.courtyard n. 庭院，院子
1)wang family courtyard
王家大院
41.snack n. 小吃，快餐
snake n.蛇
1)I think the work is a snack for me.
=a piece of cake
42.eager adj. 渴望的；热切的；热心的
①be eager (for sb.) to do sth. 渴望(某人)做某事
②be eager for sth. 渴望得到某物
③be eager that 后接的从句谓语常用(should) + 动词原形
eagerly adv. 热切地;渴望地
eagerness n.渴望，热切
1)Some of us were confident and eager ____ take part in the class activity, while others were nervous and anxious. (2018全国III)
2)He was in a hurry to grow up, eager ____ knowledge and experience.
3)These children are eager that their parents _______________ (spare) some time to keep them company.
(should ) spare
to
for
渴望的其他表达：
be anxious for/to do sth.
be dying for/to do sth.
be thirsty for sth.
long for/to do sth.
42.eager adj. 渴望的；热切的；热心的
①be eager (for sb.) to do sth. 渴望(某人)做某事
②be eager for sth. 渴望得到某物
③be eager that 后接的从句谓语常用(should) + 动词原形
eagerly adv. 热切地;渴望地
eagerness n.渴望，热切
43.poet n. 诗人
poem n. [C]诗
poetry n. [U]诗歌（总称）；诗歌艺术
44.county n. 郡，县
country 国家; 农村
countryside 农村
45.feast n. 盛宴，宴会；节日
festival n. 节; 节日
1)a Feast for the eyes
视觉盛宴，赏心悦目
46.roll vt. 卷；使滚动；辗 vi. 滚动；转动；摇晃
1)spring roll
2)一卷厕纸
a roll of toilet paper
3)摇滚乐
rock and roll
4)Let’s roll up our sleeves and work hard.
47.dot n. 点，圆点 vt. 点缀；分布
①be dotted with...布满...点缀着
1)WWW.
2)The countryside was dotted with small villages.
48.cattle n. 牛 (集合名词，复数概念)
cow n. 母牛; 奶牛
ox n.公牛(已阉割) (复数: oxen)
bull n.公牛(未阉割)
1)牛群
a herds of cattle
49.roar vi. &n. 咆哮；怒吼；轰鸣
1)Don’t roar at your parents.
50.ocean n. 海洋
1)海浪
ocean waves
2)印度洋
the Indian Ocean
3)the Pacific Ocean
太平洋
4)the Atlantic Ocean
大西洋
51.scent n. 气味；气息
1)The air is filled with the scent of wild flowers.
52.greet vt. 欢迎，迎接；致敬，致意
①greet sb. with... 用...迎接某人;用...向某人打招呼
greeting n. 问候，招呼(常用复数形式)
②send one's greetings to sb. 向某人问好
1) 迎接新年
greet the New Year
2)用greet填空
Most people around the world now ______ each other with shaking hands, but some cultures use other ______ as well.
3)我向你们表示最热烈的问候和祝福.
I send you all my warmest greetings and good wishes.
greet
greetings
53.pub n. 酒馆；酒吧
bar n. 酒吧; 小馆子
54.a glass of red wine
55. a tin of Tsingtao beer
56. the traditional Irish Beef Stew
57.custom n. [C]风俗；习惯；惯例
①customs and habits 风俗习惯
②a local custom 当地的风俗习惯
③It's a custom for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是一种习俗
customs n. 海关，关税
customer n. 顾客，主顾
accustom v. 使习惯的，使适应
1)Social customs and habits contribute to the difficulty in learning a foreign language.
2)On the first day of the new year, dressed up in new clothes, people visit their friends and relatives, which has become a custom.
3)It is the custom in that country for women to marry the old.
58.sense n. 感官(即视觉、嗅觉、听觉、触觉、味觉)
sensory adj. 感觉的;感官的
sensible adj. 明智的；通情达理的；
1)视觉/嗅觉/听觉/触觉/味觉
the sense of sight/ smell/hearing/touch/ taste
2)感觉器官
sensory organs
59.strike vt.vi.&n. 打，敲，打击；罢工；报时
striking adj. 显著的;引人注目
1)过去式-过去分词
struck -- struck/stricken
2)某人突然想起
It strikes sb + 从句
3)罢工
on strike
4)These effects of the Internet have become even more striking since I've begun using a smartphone.(2016江苏)
60.transition n. 过渡；转变
transitional adj.过渡的;变迁的
1)a transitional sentence
61.crowd n.人群
①a crowd of /crowds of 一群；许多
vt.挤满；使拥挤vi.拥挤；聚集
②crowd into ... 挤进...
③crowd in(on sb.) (想法/问题）涌上(某人心头)
crowded adj. 拥挤的
④be crowded with 挤满了……
1)They noticed a crowd of people shouting and cheering.
2)Hundreds of people crowded into the nearby church for the wedding.
3)Too many uncomfortable thoughts were crowding in____ her.
4)When the Spring Festival is around the corner, airports, railway stations and long-distance bus stations _______________(挤满) home returnees.
on
are crowded with
B2 U 4
Reading for writing
语言点
london
Ireland’s beautiful countryside has always had a great influence on its people and traditions. The country has a long history of producing great writers and poets. Its beautiful countryside excites and inspires all, offering something for each of the senses. The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle. And down by the sea, the roar of the ocean waves and cries of the seabirds make up the music of the coast.
Ireland’s beautiful countryside has always had a great influence on its people and traditions. The country has a long history of producing great writers and poets. Its beautiful countryside excites and inspires all, offering something for each of the senses. The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle. And down by the sea, the roar of the ocean waves and cries of the seabirds make up the music of the coast.
Ireland’s beautiful countryside has always had a great influence on its people and traditions. The country has a long history of producing great writers and poets. Its beautiful countryside excites and inspires all, offering something for each of the senses. The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle. And down by the sea, the roar of the ocean waves and cries of the seabirds make up the music of the coast.
with复合结构:
with +宾语 +宾补
1)WeChat is like a public network, with people sharing information publicly; whatever they say or publish can be seen by everybody.
微信像是一个公开网络，人们公开分享信息，不管他们说什么、发布什么，大家都可以看到。
(to do
doing
done
adj./adv.
介词短语)
(名/代)
2)With a lot of work to do, she wasn't allowed to leave her office.
3)All the afternoon he worked with the door locked．
4)She said good-bye with tears in her eyes．
5)Don’t speak with your mouth full．
6)He stood before his teacher with his head down．
Ireland’s beautiful countryside has always had a great influence on its people and traditions. The country has a long history of producing great writers and poets. Its beautiful countryside excites and inspires all, offering something for each of the senses. The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle. And down by the sea, the roar of the ocean waves and cries of the seabirds make up the music of the coast.
Ireland’s beautiful countryside has always had a great influence on its people and traditions. The country has a long history of producing great writers and poets. Its beautiful countryside excites and inspires all, offering something for each of the senses. The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle. And down by the sea, the roar of the ocean waves and cries of the seabirds make up the music of the coast.
On a quiet morning in the mountains, feel the sun on your skin, and breathe in the sweet scent of fresh flowers while birds greet the new day with their morning song. With all this beauty, it is not surprising that Ireland has developed strong traditions that include music, dancing, and dining. To have a chance of experiencing this, stop by a village pub and relax with a glass of wine or a local beer. Better yet, enjoy a delicious traditional Irish Beef Stew. If you are lucky, you might be able to enjoy some traditional music and the dancing, too. And if you introduce yourself to a friendly face, you are more than likely to experience local culture and customs first-hand.
On a quiet morning in the mountains, feel the sun on your skin, and breathe in the sweet scent of fresh flowers while birds greet the new day with their morning song. With all this beauty, it is not surprising that Ireland has developed strong traditions that include music, dancing, and dining. To have a chance of experiencing this, stop by a village pub and relax with a glass of wine or a local beer. Better yet, enjoy a delicious traditional Irish Beef Stew. If you are lucky, you might be able to enjoy some traditional music and the dancing, too. And if you introduce yourself to a friendly face, you are more than likely to experience local culture and customs first-hand.
On a quiet morning in the mountains, feel the sun on your skin, and breathe in the sweet scent of fresh flowers while birds greet the new day with their morning song. With all this beauty, it is not surprising that Ireland has developed strong traditions that include music, dancing, and dining. To have a chance of experiencing this, stop by a village pub and relax with a glass of wine or a local beer. Better yet, enjoy a delicious traditional Irish Beef Stew. If you are lucky, you might be able to enjoy some traditional music and the dancing, too. And if you introduce yourself to a friendly face, you are more than likely to experience local culture and customs first-hand.
On a quiet morning in the mountains, feel the sun on your skin, and breathe in the sweet scent of fresh flowers while birds greet the new day with their morning song. With all this beauty, it is not surprising that Ireland has developed strong traditions that include music, dancing, and dining. To have a chance of experiencing this, stop by a village pub and relax with a glass of wine or a local beer. Better yet, enjoy a delicious traditional Irish Beef Stew. If you are lucky, you might be able to enjoy some traditional music and the dancing, too. And if you introduce yourself to a friendly face, you are more than likely to experience local culture and customs first-hand.
On a quiet morning in the mountains, feel the sun on your skin, and breathe in the sweet scent of fresh flowers while birds greet the new day with their morning song. With all this beauty, it is not surprising that Ireland has developed strong traditions that include music, dancing, and dining. To have a chance of experiencing this, stop by a village pub and relax with a glass of wine or a local beer. Better yet, enjoy a delicious traditional Irish Beef Stew. If you are lucky, you might be able to enjoy some traditional music and the dancing, too. And if you introduce yourself to a friendly face, you are more than likely to experience local culture and customs first-hand.
On a quiet morning in the mountains, feel the sun on your skin, and breathe in the sweet scent of fresh flowers while birds greet the new day with their morning song. With all this beauty, it is not surprising that Ireland has developed strong traditions that include music, dancing, and dining. To have a chance of experiencing this, stop by a village pub and relax with a glass of wine or a local beer. Better yet, enjoy a delicious traditional Irish Beef Stew. If you are lucky, you might be able to enjoy some traditional music and the dancing, too. And if you introduce yourself to a friendly face, you are more than likely to experience local culture and customs first-hand.
五感法
Its beautiful countryside excites and inspires all, offering something for each of the senses. The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle. And down by the sea, the roar of the ocean waves and cries of the seabirds make up the music of the coast. On a quiet morning in the mountains, feel the sun on your skin, and breathe in the sweet scent of fresh flowers while birds greet the new day with their morning song.
Imitative writing 仿写
Its beautiful countryside excites and inspires all, offering something for each of the senses. The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties(视觉) is a true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle(视觉). And down by the sea, the roar of the ocean waves and cries of the seabirds make up the music of the coast(听觉). On a quiet morning in the mountains, feel the sun on your skin(触觉), and breathe in the sweet scent（嗅觉） of fresh flowers while birds greet the new day with their morning song.
Imitative writing 仿写

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