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(共38张PPT)
Lesson30
Football or Polo
polo [‘p ul u] n. 水球
Wayle n. 威尔（河名）
cut [k t] (cut, cut)v. 穿过
row [r u] v. 划（船）
kick [kik] v. 踢
towards [t 'w :dz] prep. 朝，向
nearly ['ni li] adv. 几乎
sight [sait] n. 眼界，视域
New words and Expressions
1. cut v. 穿过
① vt. &vi. 切，割，剪
Would you please cut the cake in half
请把蛋糕切成两瓣儿可以吗？
cut one’s hair = have a hair cut 理发
cut the tree 砍树
cut sth. into pieces 把……切成小片(碎)
② vt. 割破，划破
cut oneself 割伤自己
③vi. 横穿，穿越（介词用across/through）
cut across/through 直着穿过
The road cuts across/through the forest.
cut a corner 走捷径，超近路
When you learn English, never cut a corner.
固定短语：
cut across走捷径，穿过去
= go through
cut down削减，压缩
cut in插进来说，插嘴
2. row v. 划(船)
① vt.& vi. 划船
My brother is rowing. 划船 （row 强调动作）
go boating 去划船（强调玩）
② vt. 划船载运
Can you row me across the river 你能划船将我送到河的对岸吗？
He rowed her home. 他划船把她送回家。
③ n.一列，一行，一排（座位)
你在第几排？我在第四排。
What row are you in I’m in Row Four.
3. kick v. 踢
不要把球踢到河里。
Don’t kick the ball into the river.
我在足球比赛中踢进一球。
I kicked a goal in the football match.
4. towards prep. 朝，向
in the direction of sb./sth.
他朝门口走去。He walked towards the door.
同义词辨析：towards, to
towards只表示朝着目标移动，
如：
我们朝北京方向驶去
We drove towards Beijing.
to含有到达之意，如
我们开车去北京。We drove to Beijing.
5. nearly adv. 几乎，差不多
这份工作几乎要完成了
The job is nearly finished.
它快要死了
It nearly died.
【固定搭配】
not nearly 绝不，相差甚远，远非
pretty nearly 几乎，差不多
同义词辨析：almost, nearly
almost, nearly虽然都可以表示“几乎”但是
当要表示“接近”或“就要到了”时最好用nearly;
当要表示“不足’或’尚差一点儿”时最好用almost
e.g. He’s only forty-one years old, and he has already been to ___ every country in the world.
Dreams of finding lost treasure _____ came true recently.
有时almost和nearly可以换用，但如果要表示’差一点儿“还是用almost确切
我差一点没摔倒。
I almost fell down.
句中有no, none, nothing, never等词时，不可以用nearly,但可以用almost.
6. sight n. 眼界，视力
她在一次事故中失去了视力。
She lost her sight in an accident.
catch sight of 看见
我看到在公共汽车的后面有一个空座位。
I caught sight of an empty seat at the back of the bus.
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in sight：在视线之内
突然一只鸟出现在视线之内。Suddenly a bird came in sight.
out of sight：在视线之外，看不到
to put sth. out of sight 藏起某物
Out of sight, out of mind. 眼不见，心不烦。
long sighted /short sighted
目光长远，远视眼/目光短浅，近视
Enjoy the story
1. What was the weather like last Sunday
2. What was the writer doing last Sunday
3. What were some children doing on the bank
4. What were the people on the river doing
5. What happened to the man in the boat
6. Was the man angry or not
1.The Wayle is a small river that cuts across the park near my home.
威尔河是横穿过我家附近公园的一条小河。
含有以that引导的定语从句的复合句，其中that可以用which替代。
near在附近，表示含糊的“近“的意思，可能还有一段距离；
close表示可接触范围内的
by在……的近旁，在……的旁边
2.I like sitting by the Wayle on fine afternoons.
on fine afternoons.时间状语
（1）具体的某一天上午，下午晚上等介词用on:
on the afternoon of July the fourth
泛指在下午用in; in the afternoon
（2） like doing sth. 喜欢做某事（长时间的喜欢，兴趣，不指某一次动作）
like to do sth. 想做某事（常指某个具体动作，偶尔）
I don't like to disturb you. 我不想打扰你。
It was warm last Sunday, so I went and sat on the river bank as usual.
和往常一样 as usual
河边 river bank
Some children were playing games on the bank and there were some people rowing on the river.
突然
Suddenly
踢了一脚球
kick a ball
过来的小船
a passing boat
向着
towards
突然，一个孩子狠狠地踢了一脚球，球便向着一只划过来的小船飞去。
Suddenly, one of the children kicked a ball very hard and it went towards a passing boat.
3. Some people on the bank called out to the man in the boat, but he did not hear them.
本句是一个简单句。其中on the park 和 in the boat 作前面名词的定语。
此句还可以说成：Some people who were on the park called out to the man who was in the boat.....
call out to sb.大声喊叫（以引起别人的注意力）
他大声叫着那些孩子，把球扔回到岸上。
He called out to the children and threw the ball back to the bank.
4.The ball struck him so hard that he nearly fell into the water.
复合句 so + adj./adv. that……如此……以至于……引导结果状语从句
她是如此的生气以至于她不能说出话来
She was so angry that she couldn’t speak.
你说的如此的快我都不能跟上你。
You speak so fast that I can’t follow you.
扩展： such a/an +(adj.)+名词/名词短语 that… 如此……以至于……
他是如此勇敢的男人以至于他不害怕任何事。
He is such a brave man that he never fears anything.
(2)当名词前有many，much，few，little修饰时，前面应用so，即so+many (much， few， little) + n.+that-clause从句
The Smiths had so many children that they formed their own basketball team.
史密斯一家有这么多孩子，他们组成了自己的篮球队。
There was so little water left that only small children were given some.
留下的水不多了，只给小孩分了一些。
so that …以便，以致…
eg: 1)Ed 借给我一把雨伞，好让我不被雨淋湿。
Ed lent me an umbrella ________ I wouldn’t
get wet in the rain.
2)我将我写的东西复习了一遍又一遍，以便不会出错。
I went over what I had written __________
_____ so that I wouldn’t ________________.
so + adj / adv + that + 句子
3) 这套衣服很贵，我没买。
The suit cost _____ much _____ I didn’t
buy it.
4) 那次旅游很便宜，他们都去了。
The trip cost _____ _____ _____
they all went.
看得见 in sight
逃跑 run away
转过头去看那些孩子，但一个也不见，全都跑了！
I turned to look at the children, but there weren’t any in sight: they had all run away!
5. The man laughed when he realized what had happened.
复合句。When引导的时间状语从句中又包含了what引导的宾语从句作realize的宾语。
当爱迪生是一个小孩子的时候，他不是一个好学生。
Edison was not a good student when he was a young boy.
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The Wayle
like sitting by…
as usual
kicked…towards
playing games, rowing
call out---did not hear
struck, nearly fell into
in sight, run away
realized, threw
Grammar in use
the
any
Some
Any
a/an & The
some/any用法比较
1.二者都是表示不定量的代词，相当于“一些”可修饰可数名词和不可数名词，some用于肯定句，any用于疑问句，否定句或条件从句。
填词
Let’s get ___ fruit for the children.
Do you need ____ reference books
They haven’t made ___ decisions.
If you find ___ new words in it, mark them out.
2.有些疑问句表示请求，建议，反问等，这时多用some而不用any
你介意给我一些苹果吗？
Would you mind giving me some apples
在那个抽屉难道没有一些邮票吗？
Aren’t there some stamps in that drawer
3.some和any还和以用来修饰可数名词单数，这时some表示“某一个”，any表示“任何一个” ，“随便哪一个”。
翻译
You will regret it some day.
总有一天你会后悔的。
You can get it in any store.
在任何一家商店，你都会买到。
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Grammar in use
a/an & The
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Grammar
a, an
冠词
定冠词：
不定冠词：
the
1.在人名和地名前面不加冠词a/an或the.
约翰居住在英国，在伦敦他有一个房子。
John lives in England. He has a house in London.
2.但在海洋，河流，山脉和部分国名前，一定要用定冠词the
填词
Who was the first person to sail ____ Pacific
It gets very rough in ____Mediterranean.
Grammar in use
1
2
3
4
在海洋、
河流、
湖海、
山脉前
加 the
在方位词
前加the
The +
单数名词表类别
The
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在部分国名前要加 the
Grammar in use
5
6
7
专用名词加 the
乐器前面加 the
独一无二的
事物
加 the
在序数词或最高级前加 the
8
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Grammar in use
9
10
11
姓氏复数前加 the 表示一家人
年代名词前加 the
阶级党派分类前加the
有些固定搭配要加 the
12
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Grammar in use
13
14
15
打某人的某个部位加 the
The + 形容词比较级
The + 形容词表示具备该特征的一类人
by + the + 单数数量词，表示“以….为计”
16
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