资源简介

动词时态
班级_________________ 姓名_________________号数___________________
初中英语六种时态归纳复习
时态是英语学习中一个至关重要的内容，广大初中学生在实际运用时，往往对时态总是倍感棘手，下面我们就归纳复习一下这几种时态。
一、一般现在时：
概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。
时间状语：
always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays, etc.
基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词
否定形式：①am/is/are+not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。
一般疑问句：①把be动词放于句首；②用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。
二、一般过去时：
概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.
基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词
否定形式：①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。
一般疑问句：①was或were放于句首；②用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。
三、现在进行时：
概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。
时间状语：now, at this time, these days, etc.
基本结构：am/is/are+doing
否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing.
一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。
四、过去进行时：
概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。
时间状语：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。
基本结构：was/were+doing
否定形式：was/were + not + doing.
一般疑问句：把was或were放于句首。
五、现在完成时：
概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。
时间状语：recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, etc.
基本结构：have/has + done
否定形式：have/has + not +done.
一般疑问句：have或has放于句首。
六、一般将来时：
概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。
时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc.
基本结构：①am/is/are/going to + do；②will/shall + do.
否定形式：①was/were + not; ②在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。
一般疑问句：①be放于句首；②will/shall提到句首。
1. 一般现在时的用法
经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。时间状语： every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday。例如： I leave home for school at 7 every morning.
2） 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。例如：
The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China.
3） 表示格言或警句。例如： Pride goes before a fall.
4） 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。
I don't want so much. 。 Ann writes good English but does not speak well.
2. 一般过去时的用法
1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。时间状语有：yesterday,
last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。例如： Where did you go just now
2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。
例如：When I was a child, I often played football in the street.
4） wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时，作试探性的询问、请求、建议等，而一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。
例如：I thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些。
比较：Christine was an invalid all her life.（含义：她已不在人间。）
Christine has been an invalid all her life.（含义：她现在还活着）
3. 一般将来时
1）will 例如：Will you be at home at seven this evening 今晚七点回家好吗？
2） be going to +不定式，表示将来。
a. 主语的意图，即将做某事。
例如：What are you going to do tomorrow
b. 计划，安排要发生的事。例如：The play is going to be produced next month。
c. 有迹象要发生的事。例如：Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm.
be +不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。例如： We are to discuss the report next Saturday.
4） be about to +不定式，意为马上做某事。例如： He is about to leave for Beijing. 他马上要去北京。
注意：be about to do 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。
5） be to和be going to
be to 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事，be going to 表示主观的打算或计划。例如：
I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. （客观安排）
I'm going to play football tomorrow afternoon.（主观安排）
4. 现在完成时
现在完成时用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态，其结果的影响现在还存在；也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态。其构成：have（has）+过去分词。
A. 比较一般过去时与现在完成时
一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。
2）一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。
一般过去时的时间状语：yesterday, last week，…ago, in1980, in October, just now等，皆为具体的时间状语。
现在完成时的时间状语：for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in past years, always等，皆不确定的时间状语。
共同的时间状语：this morning, tonight, this April, now, already, recently, lately 等。
现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是延续性的，如live,teach, learn, work, study, know.。
一般过去时常用的非持续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。
例如： I saw this film yesterday. （强调看的动作发生过了）
I have seen this film. （强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了）
注意:句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如yesterday, last, week, in 1960）时,不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时。
B. 用于现在完成时的句型
1）It is the first / second time … that… 结构中的从句部分，用现在完成时。
例如It is the first time that I have visited the city. This is the first time（that）I've heard him sing.
This is +形容词最高级+that…结构，that 从句要用现在完成时。
例如： This is the best film that I've （ever） seen.
典型例题
（1） ---Do you know our town at all ---No, this is the first time I ___ here.
A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming 答案B.
（2） ---Have you ____ been to our town before ---No, it's the first time I ___ here.
A. even, come B. even, have come C. ever, come D. ever, have come 答案D.
C. 比较since和for
Since 用来说明动作起始时间，for用来说明动作延续时间长度。
例如： I have lived here for more than twenty years. 我住在这儿二十多年了。 (延续)
I have lived here since I was born. 我从出生起就住在这儿了。(开始时间)
注意：并非有for 作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时。
I worked here for more than twenty years. （我现在已不在这里工作。）
I have worked here for many years.（现在我仍在这里工作。）
D. since的四种用法
1） since +过去一个时间点（如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、1980, last month, half past six）。
例如： I have been here since 1989. 1989起，我一直在这儿。
2） since +一段时间+ ago。 例如： I have been here since five months ago.
3） since +从句。例如： Great changes have taken place since you left.
4） It is +一段时间+ since从句。例如： It is two years since I became a postgraduate student.
典型例题
1. You don't need to describe her. I ___ her several times.
A. had met B. have met C. met D. meet 答案B.
2. ---I'm sorry to keep you waiting. ---Oh, not at all. I ___here only a few minutes.
have been B. had been C. was D. will be 答案A.
5.现在进行时。
通常用“now/look/listen”.
1．现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。
2．现在进行时的结构：.
肯定句 ： 主语+be（is,am,are ） +动词现在分词-ing
eg: I am(not) doing my homework. You/We/They are(not) reading.
否定句：主语+be（is,am,are ）+not + 动词现在分词-ing
一般疑问句：Is(Are)+主语+动词现在分词-ing？
特殊疑问：疑问词+ be + 主语 + 动词ing
3.动词加ing的变化规则
1)一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking
2)以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting
3)如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，
如：run-running, stop-stopping,swim—swimming
过去进行时：
肯定句：主语+助动词be (was,were)+动词现在分词-ing+其它
否定句：主语+助动词be (was,were)+not+动词现在分词-ing+其它
一般疑问句：Was(Were)+主语+动词现在分词-ing+其它？
特殊疑问句：疑问词+was(were)+动词现在分词-ing+其它
用法:
1、 表示在过去某一时间正在进行的动作，往往有表示过去的时间状语then, at that time, this time yesterday等，或与过去发生的某事同时发生的动作（即与when, while引出的时间状语从句连用）。
例： What were you doing at this time last week
表示在过去某一段时间内进行的动作。
例：They were swimming from two to three yesterday afternoon. She was watching TV the whole morning.
3、 表示过去将要发生的动作例：He said he was leaving on Tuesday.
Practice:
一般现在时：
1. —What did the teacher say just now —He said that the earth ________round the sun.
A. went B. goes C. going D. will go
Maths, one of the most important subjects, ______always interested him.
A. has B. have C. are D. is
We will start as soon as our teacher______ .
A. comes B. will come C. come D. is coming
The old man said that light______faster than sound.
A. went B. will go C. travels D. will travel
5. Please don’t leave the office until your friend______back.
A. came B. comes C. have come D. will come
6. Could you tell me where the railway station______
A. was B. is C. will be D. would be
7.He often______his clothes on Sunday.
A. washing B. washes C. has washed D. Wash
8. On Sunday he sometimes _____ his clothes and sometimes _____ some shopping.
A. wash/ do B. is washing/ is doing C. washes/ does D. wash / does
9. Mrs Read _____ the windows every day.
A. is cleaning B. clean C. cleans D. is clean
10. Who _____ English best in your class
A. speak B. speaks C. speaking D. is speak
11. The twins usually _____ milk and bread for breakfast, but Jim _____ some coffee for it.
A. have/ have B. have/ has C. has/ have D. had/have
一般过去时：
1. My grandpa died _________.
A. at the age of my 2 B. for 2 years
C. when I was 2. D. my age was 6.
2. —Did you go to Michael’s birthday party yesterday
—No, I________.
A. didn’t invite B. wasn’t invited C. am not invited D. haven’t invited
3. —What did you do last night —I ________ the World Cup Soccer Championship.
A. watch B. am watching C. watches D. watched
4. He turned off the lights and then ________ the classroom.
A. leaves B. will leave C. is leaving D. left
How long ago______playing football
A. have you stopped B. had you stopped C. did you stop D. do you stop
6. Last week John______his leg.
A. felt and broken B. fell and broke C. feels and breaks D. fallen and broken
7. Jack______his thick coat because it was snowing.
A. puts on B. put on C. takes on D. took on
_____ he ________ a good rest No, he didn’t.
A. Have, had B. Did, have C. Did, had D. Had, had
As soon as he ________, he ______ to his family.
A. arrived, writes B. arrived, written C. arrived, wrote D. had arrived, write
Will you please say it again I ________ quite _______ you.
A. didn’t, hear B. haven’t, heard C. didn’t, heard D. hadn’t, heard
What did you see _________
A. now B. every day C. since 1990 D. just now
—Have you seen him today —Yes, I ____ him this morning.
A. has seen B. see C. will see D. Saw
He ______ worried when he heard the news.
A. is B. was C. does D. Did
She said her brother ____ in Beijing. He ______ to Japan on business last week.
A. wasn’t, went B. hasn’t, went C. wasn’t, would go D. would be, went
He has taught in this school since he _____ work.
A. began to B. begins to C. begun to D. begin to
现在进行时：
Listen! Someone______in the next room .
A. cried B. crying C. is crying D. has cried
2. What are you doing —We ________ flowers in the garden.
A. water B. watered C. have watered D. are watering
3. Who ______ over there now
A. singing B. are sing C. is singing
4. It’s nine ten. The students ______ a music class.
A. have B. having C. are having
Listen! The boy _______.
A. crying B. is crying C. cries
Don’t talk here. Grandparents ______.
A. sleep B. is sleeping C. are sleeping
Is the man _______ tea or milk
A. drinks B. drink C. drinking
一般将来时
1. He ________ wait until the rain ________.
A. won’t, will stop B. won’t, stop C. will, stops D. will, will stop
2. Who _____ over there now
A. singing B. are sing C. is singing D. Sing
3. Don’t talk here. Grandparents _____.
A. is sleeping B. are sleeping C. sleeping D. Sleep
4. —I don’t know if Louise ________. —She ________ if it doesn’t snow, I think.
A. comes; will come B. comes; comes C. will come; will come D. will come; comes
5. —Do you know why Robinson ________ to college this year
—He has changed his mind.
A. won’t go B. didn’t go C. doesn’t go D. hasn’t gone
6. Don’t worry. She ________ you a call as soon as she ________Shanghai.
A. will give, reaches B. gives, will get to C. will give, arrive in D. gives, will get
.Next month______twenty five.
A. has my sister B. my sister will be C. my sister shall have D. my sister is going to be
8.My sister______to see me . She’ll be here soon.
A. comes B. is coming C. had come D. Came
9. The train ________ at 11.
A. going to arrive B. will be arrive C. is going to D. is arriving
10. – Let’s go out to play football, shall we – OK. I ________.
A. will coming B. be going to come C. come D. am coming
________ your brother ________ a magazine from the library
A. Are; going to borrow B. Is; going to borrow
C. Will; borrows D. Are; going to borrows
12. If it ________ tomorrow, we’ll go shopping.
A. isn’t rain B. won’t rain C. doesn’t rain D. doesn’t fine
过去进行时：
As she ______the newspaper, grandma______asleep(睡觉）.
A. read/was falling B. was reading/fell C. was reading/was falling D.read/fell
My brother______while he______his bike and hurt himself.
A.fell, was riding B.fell, were riding C.had fallen, rode D. had fallen, riding
The last time I______Jane, she ______cotton in the fields.
A.has seen, was picking B.saw, picked C.had seen, picked D.saw, was picking
I don't think Jin saw me ;he______into space.
A.just stared B.was just staring C.has just stared D.had just stared
I first met Lisa three years ago; She______at a radio shop at the time.
A.has worked B.was working C.had been working D.had worked
--Hey, look where are you going ---Oh, I'm terribly sorry,______.
A.I'm not noticing B. I wasn't noticing C.I haven't noticed D.I don't notice
The reporter said that the UFO______west to east when he saw it.
A.was traveling B.traveled C.had been traveling D.was to travel
I______my breakfast when Dad came back home.
A.had B.had been having C.have been having D.was having
When I arrived at his office, he______one the phone.
A.was speaking B.spoke C.had been speaking D.had spoken
"what's wrong, Jack, you look sad."
"Oh, nothing much, in fact, I______of my friends back home."
A.just thought B.have just been thinking C.was just thinking D.have just thought
11. It______ hard when I left my house .
A. is raining B. rains C. was raining D. will rain
现在完成时：
How long have you_____here
come B.got C.arrived D.been
Jack has_____to Beijing. She will come back tomorrow.
been B.gone C.went D.never been
3. --Who will go to the station to meet Lorry --I will. I _____ her several times.
A. met B. have met C. had met D. will meet
4. --What a nice dress! How long _____ you _____ it --Just 2 weeks.
will, buy B. did, buy C. are, having D. have, had
5.--Do you know Lydia very well --Yes, She and I _____ friends since we were very young.
A. have made B. have become C. have been D. have turned
6. The Smiths _______ in China for 8 years.
A. has lived B. lived C. have been D. live
7. --Hello, this is Mr. Green speaking. Can I speak to Mr. Black -- Sorry. He ______ the Bainiao Park.
A. has been to B. has gone to C. went to D. will go to
8. --____ you ever ____ to the US -- Yes, twice.
A. Have, gone B. Have, been C, Do, go D. were, going
9. So far, the population of this city ________ 7,120,000.
A. are B. is C. has been D. Has
10. —Where is Mr Morgan —He ________ to the station. He’ll be back in an hour.
A. goes B. go C. has gone D. will go
11.—Did your brother go to America last year —______.
A. No , he did never go there B. No , he has never gone here
C. No , he never was there D. No , he’s never been there
12 .He______for three years.
A. has joined B. has been in the army
C. joined D. has served the army
13..It______five years since he has left for Beijing.
A. was B. has been C. is D. is going to be
How long _________ you _______ here
A. did, study in B. have, study C. have studied D. has, studied
15. I______my homework now.
A. finish B. finished C. have finished D. had finished
一般现在时：1-5 BDACB 6-11 BBCCBB
一般过去时：CBDDC 6-10 BBBCA 11-15 DDBAA
现在进行时： CDCCB CC
一般将来时:1-5 CCACA 6-10 ABBDD 11- 12 BC
过去进行时：1-5 BADBB 6-11 BADACC
现在完成时：1-5 DBBDC 6-10 CBBCC 11-15 DBBCC

展开更多......

收起↑