资源简介 一、选择题1.19世纪中叶以来,蒸汽机的滚滚浓烟漂洋过海逐渐改变着世界。这一过程中发生了美国南北战争和俄国农奴制改革。其相同的影响是( )。A. 对农民进行的一场掠夺 B. 确立新的政治制度 C. 完成了自上而下的改革 D. 促进了资本主义的发展2.为中国近代化开辟道路,提出“自强”与“求富”口号的运动是( ) A.禁烟运动 B.洋务运动 C.新文化运动 D.五四爱国运动3.在历史课上,同学们讲了许多关于三国鼎立的故事,下列哪个故事所反映的史实对三国鼎立局面的形成影响最大?( )A、官渡之战?? B、赤壁之战C、三顾茅庐?? D、七擒孟获4.明太祖设立的特务机构是( )A.东厂 B.西厂C.锦衣卫 D.内阁5.1945年,蒋介石邀请毛泽东到重庆谈判的目的是( )A.讨论停战问题? B.讨论成立联合政府C.筹备政治协商会议?? D.赢得准备内战的时间6.在中国化学工业史上,为祖国的化学工业事业奋斗终生,并以独创的制碱工艺闻名于世界的科学家是A.詹天佑?? B.侯德榜?? C.张謇 ? D.李四光7.如图,“西方人送来了一份令人不堪忍受的礼物祝贺中国进入20世纪”。这份“礼物”是指( )A、列强在华办厂 B、开放通商口岸 C、列强在华兴修铁路 D、《辛丑条约》8.“出东征,扫小亚,攻埃及,占两河,灭波斯,远印度”。此段话是对下列哪一次战争的描述A. 希波战争B. 亚历山大东征C. 罗马帝国的扩张D. 阿拉伯帝国的扩张9.1949年5月,国民党第126军305师915团在黄石港起义,该团团长是( )A.张湘泽 B.马祥雅 C.郭坚 D.郭鉴淮10.“看我抓一把中药服下一帖骄傲”、“让我来调个偏方专治你媚外的内伤”,这是周杰伦弹唱的中国风系列歌曲《本草纲目》中的歌词,下列对于《本草纲目》的说法错误的是A.是一部具有总结性的药物学巨著 B.是明朝医药学家李时珍写的C.曾被译成多国文字,成为世界医药学的重要文献D.外国学者称它为“中国17世纪的工艺百科全书"11.小明想利用暑假时间阅读《史记》,在书中他不可能读到的是A.秦始皇 B.陈胜???? C.刘备??? D.汉武帝12.1947年6月5日,美国国务卿马歇尔在哈佛大学演讲时说:“……我们的政策目的是恢复世界上行之有效的经济制度,从而使自由制度赖以存在的政治和社会条件能够出现。”为“恢复世界上行之有效的经济制度(资本主义制度)”美国采取了什么措施?A.对西欧国家进行经济援助 B.实行杜鲁门主义C.法西斯势力上台 D.进行南北战争二、综合题13.历史表明:科学决策并适时调整,是社会发展的关键。“懂得改变,是一种智慧。”根据提示,结合所学知识,回答下列问题:(1)19世纪60年代,俄国和日本发生改革,废除了阻碍其发展的旧制度,产生了深远的历史影响,请写出两场改革的名称。(2)20世纪世界现代化进程中也有三次重大改革,分别是:20年代初期的苏俄、30年代的美国、70年代末期以来的中国。请回答:①20年代初期的苏俄改革的名称是 ②30年代的美国改革的主要特征是 ③70年代末以来的中国改革在农村展开的主要形式是 (3)在改革开放的30多年历程中,中国大胆创新,及时调整政策,走出了既与世界相联系又独立自主的发展道路,国外称之为“中国模式”,结合下表谈谈你对中国改革开放30多年来成就的认识或体会。如图,中国国内生产总值示意图:14.下列是关于新航路开辟的两则材料: 材料一、“当地居民都跑来岸边……有人给我们送来食物。有一个老人坐船前来……许多人都来到了,包括妇女在内,每个人都带些东西。”“我在1492年发现了印度大陆以及大批岛屿……在此之后,我回到长勒提尔,觐见王上,而王上依据我的陈述,命令我进行第二次航行以求新的发现,并在我所发现的土地上建立殖民地。主宰赐福我在那绵延600英里长的小西班牙岛得告成功,我征服该岛,并使它的居民纳贡。” ——哥伦布首次航行日记材料二、(如图)请结合上述材料回答下列问题:(1)指出材料一中关于哥伦布地理位置叙述的一处错误,并加以改正。(2)从材料一中找出能准确反映哥伦布航海活动本质的一句话。(3)结合材料二想一想,除哥伦布之外,新航路开辟时期还有哪些著名的航海家,他们各有怎样的航海探索或发现? (4)1992年是哥伦布航行美洲500周年。当时,欧洲国家热烈庆祝,为其树碑立传,而美洲国家则大力谴责,这不同态度的原因各是什么?15.阅读以下材料,结合所学知识,回答问题:材料一:材料二:?第一次世界大战历时4年多,共有30多个国家、15亿人口卷入战争,其中,死伤3000多万人,参加国家的直接军费和战争造成的损失达3400多亿美元。?第二次世界大战……因战争死亡的军人和平民超过5500万人,直接军费开支总计13万亿美元,参战国物资损失总价值达4万亿美元。 ——以上材料都选自世界历史九年级下册(1)分析材料一中的图1和图2,请指出两次世界大战爆发的直接原因分别是什么?(2)材料一中的图3和图4分别提到了两次世界大战中使用的新式武器,它们的使用,对战争的胜负起着至关重要的作用。请问,飞机是第几次工业革命的产物?日本哪两座城市在二战中遭到了核武器的袭击?(3)请根据材料二概括两次世界大战的共同特点。并谈谈你对此有何感想。参考答案一、单选题1.培养好习惯,我们应该①制定完善可行的计划? ?? ②磨练自己的意志? ??? ③请老师、家长监督,改掉自己的坏习惯? ④要有行动A.①②③ B.②③④ ???C.①②③④ D. ①③④2.悦纳自我的途径有( )①客观地评价自己 ②欣赏自己的优点③接受自己的不足 ④自我夸奖或诋毁A、①③④ B、②③④ C、①②③ D、①②④3.期中考试小丽考砸后,她心情一直不好。特别是每逢测验前,她总是想考试结果对自己的影响,想着想着就开始心烦意乱,书都看不进去。材料反映了A.她对压力有正确的认识 B.她出现了考试焦虑现象C.她缺乏自强不息的精神 D.她有不可治愈的心理疾病4.一个人生命是不可重复的,不管是伟人还是平凡的人,也不管是穷人还是富人。每个人都有自己的生活方式,都有自己的人生观、价值观等。这说明………………( )①人的生命具有独特性 ②人都是独一无二的,别人无法替代③我们应该善待生命 ④不要把其他人看得太重,该怎样活,就怎样活A.①②③④ B.①②④ C.②③④ D.①②③5.世界因生命而精彩。每种生命都有其存在的意义与价值,多种生命息息相关,需要相互尊重、相互关爱。下列想法或做法体现这种观点的有( )①班上同学给公园草坪放置了一块牌子,牌子上写着:“小草正在休息,请勿打扰”②尊重地球就是尊重生命,拯救地球就是拯救人类自身③人类为了更好地发展经济,可以暂时破坏自然,经济发达后再治理④我们要积极保护珍稀野生动物,因为它们是与我们同住地球家园的朋友A.①②③ B.②③④ C.①②④ D.①③④6.当公民的合法私有财产受到侵害的时候,我们要学会依法维护自己的合法的财产所有权。下面做法有利于维护这项权利的有 ( )①与侵害者协商解决②向人民法院提起诉讼③多叫几个人强行要回属于自己的财产④如果财产数量不多,自认倒霉A.①② B.②③ C.③④ D.①④7.为了控制过快增长的房价,政府部门频频出招。但解决该问题的根本出路只有一条,那就是 ( ) A. 抑制房地产投资投机 B. 推进保障性住房建设C. 适度降低房价 D. 以经济建设为中心,大力发展生产力8.面对新的班级,新的同学,要想尽快适应这一环境,交更多的朋友,则需要A.好好学习,要为我们都喜欢和学习好的同学玩B.彼此之间的真诚和心灵的沟通C.天天买好东西给朋友吃D.教训那些不听话的,树立自己的威信9.和其他动物、植物、微生物等生命相比较,人的生命独特性突出表现在 ( )A.人生道路B.实现人生的价值方式和途径的多样性C.最具有智慧D.人的个性品质10.适度的自尊有肋于我们面对批评,改正错误;过度的自尊,则使我们过于敏感,作茧自缚。下列属于适度自尊的有( )①数学课上,小吕做错了一道简单的计算题,尽管老师没有批评他,但他还是感到无地自容,在同学面前一个星期都抬不起头来。②上次考试,小青成绩不理想,看到考的好的同学趾高气扬,他发誓发奋学习把成绩赶上去。③小华上学迟到,受到老师的批评,他不服气冲出了教室④小雪一有成绩就喜欢大吹大擂,不可一世,他的同桌提醒她后,变得谦虚多了。A、①② B、③④ C、①③ D、②④学生会主席刘刚(男)和生活部部长李岚(女)相约来到学校操场的一个角落,商量如何搞好校园卫生的问题,他们靠得很近、说话声音很小,这引起了周围同学的指指点点。请据此回答第问题。11.刘刚和李岚之所以引起其他同学的指指点点,是因为他们A.选择商量卫生问题的场所和交谈的方式不恰当B.在谈恋爱C.没有尊重对方D.都是学生会干部,爱出风头12.对于周围同学指指点点的做法,你的看法是A.这是他们的自由,在与异性交往时你也可以这样做B.值得提倡,在一定程度上可以遏制男女同学不正常的关系的发展C.懒得去管,只要自己的学习成绩好就行了D.不妥,背后指指点点不如直接向这两位同学提出自己的看法二、综合题13.近年来,中国科技成就让世人刮目相看:探月“嫦娥”、入海“蛟龙”、中国高铁、“天宫一号”、国产大飞机C919……一大批对国民经济和社会发展有重大影响的标志性科技创新成果不断涌现。(1)上述材料说明了什么?(2)有人说,我国已进入科技大国、科技强国的行列了。这种说法对吗?为什么?(3)为适应新世纪的要求,你打算培养自己哪些素质?14.材料一:专家指出,部分青少年出于恶搞或者争强好胜的心理,通过下载、转发等途径传播网络色情信息,很可能成为网络色情信息的接受者和再传播者。材料二:近日一则“四岁男孩狂玩iPad患近视”的新闻引起人们广泛关注。上海一名四岁男童因在寒假和春节期间长时间用iPad玩游戏,导致视力迅速下降,寒假过后,男孩的父母带其到医院检查视力,发现男孩的近视竟然已达300度。无独有偶,南京一名小学三年级的学生,也因为整个寒假沉迷于iPad,近日到医院检查视力的时候发现,原本1.0的视力已降到了0.5,同时还出现了散光。(1)上述材料反映了什么问题? (2)结合材料谈谈不良诱惑对青少年的危害。15.美文赏析有一种爱叫“母爱”有一个人,无论你走到哪里都舍不得对你的牵挂,她愿意把自己的一生无私地奉献给你。有一种爱,它让你肆意的索取和享用,却不求任何的回报。这一个人叫“母亲”。这一种爱叫“母爱”。当你1岁的时候,她喂你吃饭并给你洗澡。而作为报答,你整夜的哭闹。当你3岁的时候,她怜爱地为你做菜。而作为报答,你把一盘菜都扔到了地上。当你4岁的时候,她为你买下了彩笔。而作为报答,你涂了满墙的抽象画。当你5岁的时候,她为你买了漂亮的衣服。而作为报答,你穿着它到泥坑里玩耍。……当你13岁的时候,她建议你把头发剪了,而你说她不懂什么时髦发型。当你14岁的时候,她付了一个月的夏令营费用,而你却一个月没有打一个电话给她。当你15岁的时候,她下班回家想拥抱你一下,而作为报答,你转身进屋把门插上了。当你20岁的时候,她问你“整天去哪了”,而作为回答:“我不想像你一样”。当你23岁的时候,她给你买家具给你布置新家,而你却跟朋友说她买的家具真糟糕。当你50岁的时候,她常常患病,需要你的看护,而你却为儿女在奔波。终于有一天,她走了,突然你想起了所有从没做过的事,它们像榔头般痛击着你的心。如果母亲仍健在,那么别忘了比以往任何时候都更深爱着她。如果她不幸永远离开了你,那么你必须记得,母爱是天底下最无私的爱。如果说因为忙碌和粗心,我们平时忽略了对母亲的问候和关心,无论如何,别忘了在母亲节买上一束康乃馨,或者说几句祝福的话语送给亲爱的妈妈。(1)读了这篇文章,你一定有很多感受吧,请把它写在下面好吗? (2)“当你14岁的时候,她付了一个月的夏令营费用,而你却一个月没有打一个电话给她。当你15岁的时候,她下班回家想拥抱你一下,而作为报答,你转身进屋把门插上了。”这反映了一个什么问题?出现这个问题的原因有哪些?(3)想一想,自己有没有忽略对父母的关心?今后打算如何去做?参考答案以上答案仅供参考一、选择题1. 下列图中, 是正方体的展开图是( )2.计算的结果是 ( ) A. B. C. D.3.计算的结果是( )A. B. C. D.4.下列计算中,正确的是 ( )A. B. C. D.5.已知:如图,在中,,是的中点,于,于,则图中共有全等三角形A.对 B.对 C.对 D对6.如图,等边三角形ABC的边长为3,点P为BC边上一点,且BP=1,点D为AC边上一点,若∠APD=60°,则CD的长为A. B. C. D.17.如图,函数y=a(x-3)与y=,在同一坐标系中的大致图象是( )8.表示 ( )A.的相反数 B. 的相反数 C.的相反数 D. 的相反数二、填空题9.将二次函数化成的形式,则= .10.要使有意义,则x可以取的最小整数是 11.的平方根________,的立方根________。12.已知线段AB和它外一点P,若PA=PB,则点P在AB的___________________;若点P在AB的___________________,则PA=PB.13.如图,已知直线AB∥CD,若∠1=110o,则∠2= .14.计算20°17′×5= ° ′.15.有意义,则实数x的取值范围是??????????? 。16. 函数y=kx+b(k≠0)的图象平行于直线y=2x+3,且交y轴于点(0,-1),则其解析式是________ .17.某品牌手机经过三、四月份连续两次降价,每部售价由3 200元降到2 500元.设平均每月降价的百分率为x ,根据题意列出的方程是 .18.实数,在数轴上对应点的位置如图所示,则 (填“>”“<”或“”).三、解答题19.为了支援抗震救灾,某休闲用品有限公司主动承担了为灾区生产2万顶帐篷的任务,计划10天完成.(1)按此计划,该公司平均每天应生产帐篷__________顶;(2)生产2天后,公司又从其它部门抽调了50名工人参加帐篷生产,同时,通过技术革新等手段使每位工人的工作效率比原计划提高了25%,结果提前2天完成了生产任务.求该公司原计划安排多少名工人生产帐篷? 20.如图,一抛物线经过点A、B、C,点 A(?2,0),点B(0,4),点C(4,0),该抛物线的顶点为D.(1)求该抛物线的解析式及顶点D坐标;(2)如图,若P为线段CD上的一个动点,过点P作PM⊥x轴于点M,求四边形PMAB的面积的最大值和此时点P的坐标;(3)过抛物线顶点D,作DE⊥x轴于E点,F(m,0)是x轴上一动点,若以BF为直径的圆与线段DE有公共点,求m的取值范围.21.我市某林场计划购买甲、乙两种树苗共800株,甲种树苗每株24元,乙种树苗每株30元.相关资料表明:甲、乙两种树苗的成活率分别为85%,90%.(1)若购买这两种树苗共用去21000元,则甲、乙两种树苗各购买多少株?(2)若要使这批树苗的总成活率不低于88%,则甲种树苗至多购买多少株? (3)在(2)的条件下,应如何选购树苗,使购买树苗的费用最低,并求出最低费用.22.出租司机小张某天下午的营运全是在到西走向的大街上进行的,若规定向东为正,向西为负,他这天下午行车里程(单位:千米)记录如下: +8,-3,+15,-10,-13,+3,-15,+11,-12 (7分)(1)将最后一名乘客送到目的地时,小张距下午出车点的距离是多少千米?(2)若汽车耗油量为0.08升/千米,这天下午汽车共耗油多少升?23.小明想知道学校旗杆的高度.他测量得旗杆顶端所系的绳子垂到地面还多1米,当他拎着绳子的下端点拉直,并揿在地面上时,此点离开旗杆底部是5米.你能帮助小明计算出旗杆的高度吗?24.在日常生活中,我们经常有目的地收集数据,分析数据,作出预测.(1)下图是小芳家2011年全年月用电量的条形统计图. 根据图中提供的信息,回答下列问题:①2011年小芳家月用电量最小的是 月,四个季度中用电量最大的是第 季度;②求2011年5月至6月用电量的月增长率;(2)今年小芳家添置了新电器.已知今年5月份的用电量是120千瓦时,根据2011年5月至7月用电量的增长趋势,预计今年7月份的用电量将达到240千瓦时.假设今年5月至6月用电量月增长率是6月至7月用电量月增长率的1.5倍,预计小芳家今年6月份的用电量是多少千瓦时?25.如图电线杆上有一盏路灯O,电线杆与三个等高的标杆整齐划一地排列在马路一侧的一直线上,AB、CD、EF是三个标杆,相邻的两个标杆之间的距离都是2 m,已知AB、CD在灯光下的影长分别为BM = 1. 6 m,DN = 0. 6m。(1)请画出路灯O的位置和标杆EF在路灯灯光下的影子。(2)求标杆EF的影长。26.据了解,今年中考我市某高中有招收艺术特色班,为了解学生的艺术特长发展情况,某校初三年段决定围绕“在舞蹈、乐器、声乐、戏曲、其它活动项目中,你最喜欢哪一项活动(每人只限一项)”的问题,在全年段随机抽取部分学生进行问卷调查,并将调查结果绘制成如下两幅不完整的统计图.请你根据统计图解答下列问题:(1)在这次调查中一共抽查了 名学生,其中,喜欢“舞蹈”活动项目的人数占抽查总人数的百分比为 ,喜欢“戏曲”活动项目的人数是 人;(2)若在“舞蹈、乐器、声乐、戏曲”活动项目任选两项设立课外兴趣小组,请用列表或画树状图的方法求恰好选中“舞蹈、声乐”这两项活动的概率.27.(1)如图1,在ABCD中,点E,F分别在AB,CD上,AE=CF.求证:DE=BF.(2)如图2,在△ABC中,AB=AC,∠A=40°,BD是∠ABC的平分线,求∠BDC的度数.参考答案24.解:(1)①5,三.②答:2011年5月至6月用电量的月增长率是65%.一、选择题1.盐都天气预报,及时准确发布中央气象台天气信息.如下图所示是中国气象局发布的盐都地区某天天气预报情况.下列有关这一天气温的说法正确的是A.全天气温都是-4℃ B.全天气温都是4℃C.这天最低气温是-8℃ D.这天最高气温与最低气温的温差是8℃2.下列物态变化,需要吸热的是( )A.初春,皑皑的白雪开始消融 B.初夏,青青的小草挂上露珠 C.深秋,红红的苹果蒙上白霜 D.严冬,静静的池塘覆上薄冰3.温度是表征物体冷热程度的物理量,以下物体的温度最接近23℃的是 ( )A. 感到温暖舒适的房间温度 B.冬季教室外的最低温度C.正常健康的成年人体温 D. 冰水混合物的温度4.“远洋”号货轮满载货物从深圳驶往天津,到达天津港卸下了一千吨货物。在卸货的过程中,货轮受到的浮力 A、变小 B、变大 C、不变 D、无法确定5. 一锅沸腾的油,魔术师把手伸进去,一分钟、两分钟……再把手拿出来——没事!对这一现象的分析正确的是 ( ) A.这是不可能的,是一种伪科学 B.这是不可能的,油在沸腾时温度不断升高C.这是可能的,一定是这种油的沸点很低D.这是可能的,一定是手上沾有水,水从油中吸收了热6.学校医务室室内温度是28℃,芳芳将一支温度计从装有酒精的瓶中抽出,发现温度计的示数( )A.下降; B.上升;C.先下降后上升; D.先是升后下降。7.生活处处有物理,留心观察皆学问。对以下现象解释正确的是 ( ) A.初冬季节,在家里洗澡时发现房间里充满“白气”,这些“白气”是水蒸气。B.在夏季的早晨看到足球场里的草叶上挂满了露珠,而到了初冬,露水不见了,却看到了薄薄的一层霜,有人认为霜是由露变成的。C.放在衣橱里的樟脑丸,时间久了会明显变小,是因为樟脑丸蒸发为气体跑掉了。D.把冰箱里的冻豆腐取出,冰化后,发现豆腐里有许多小孔,这是豆腐里的水先遇冷结冰,后又熔化成水形成的8.对下列图中物理现象的描述,正确的是( )9.新鲜的菠菜放两天就“蔫”了,其中水分的减少主要是因为水发生了A.液化 B.沸腾 C.凝固 D.蒸发10.关于物态变化,下列说法正确的是 A.春天的早晨经常出现大雾,这是汽化现象 B.夏天,从冰柜取出的冷饮冒“白气”,这是汽化现象 C.秋天,草叶上结有小露珠,这是熔化现象 D.冬天,窗子的玻璃上出现冰花,这是凝华现象二、填空题11.如图所示的钳子是人们日常生活中常用的工具,它的钳柄上刻有花纹是为了增大 ;钳口较薄,是为了增大 ;使用钳子剪铁丝时,它是 (省力/等臂/费力)杠杆.12.小刚吃冰糕时,把冰糕放在碗里,发现碗中的水越来越多,在这个过程中冰糕发生的物态变化是 ;他用手一摸碗壁,发现碗“漏水”了,这是空气中的水蒸气遇冷在碗壁上发生的 (填一种物态变化)现象,在这一物态变化过程中,空气中的水蒸气要 热。13.声音是由物体_________产生的;声音在15oC的空气中传播速度是__ __m/s;摩托车的消音器是在_____________减弱噪声的。14.选填物态变化名称解释自然现象中“云、雨、雾、霜”等的形成.地面上的水在阳光照射下会不断地_________,当含有很多水蒸气的空气升入高空时,水蒸气遇冷会__________成大量的小水珠或__________成大量的小冰晶,这就是我们看到的云.小水珠和小冰晶下落过程中,冰晶会__________ 成水滴,与原来的水滴一起落到地面,这就形成了雨.当夜间气温降低时,白天空气中的水蒸气会在夜间较冷的地面、花草、石块上_______成小水珠,这就是露.在冬季,地面温度会迅速降到0℃以下,水蒸汽就能直接_________成固态的小晶体,这就是“霜”.15.如图所示是观察气体扩散现象的实验装置,撤掉两瓶中间的玻璃板,两种气体逐渐混合变均匀,这种现象表明 16.南方夏天安装制冷空调时,空调应安装在窗户的 方,北方冬天安装制热空调时,空调应安装在窗户的 方(填“上”、 “下”)17.一张白纸上画有一朵红花,拿到暗室用红光照,则纸呈______色;若用蓝光照,则花呈____色。 18.我国民间有句谚语叫“霜前冷、雪后寒.”霜是由于气温较低时空气中的水蒸气发生 现象而形成的;雪在熔化时需要 热.19.沈括纪念馆要浇铸沈括纪念铜像.在用铜块浇铸铜像的过程中,铜块发生的物态变化依次是 、 ;在此过程中的吸放热情况依次是 、 。20.如右图所示,不计滑轮重和绳与滑轮间摩擦,在绳端拉力F=900N的作用下,重1500N的物体A沿水平方向匀速前进时,物体A对地面摩擦力是__N,方向 。当绳子自由端拉动3m,时,物体A移动距离 m。?三、作图题21.(2分)在图中画出使杠杆平衡的最小作用力以及它的力臂。四、计算题22.一人挑担子,扁担长1.2米,在A端挂上400牛的重物,B端挂上200牛的重物,欲使扁担平衡此人肩距B端多少米?若两端各减100牛重物,欲使扁担平衡,肩应距B端多少米?23.一把杆秤不计自重,提纽到秤钩距离是3cm,秤砣质量250g。用来称质量是2kg的物体,秤砣应离提纽多远,杆秤才平衡?若称量某物体质量平衡时,秤砣距提纽60cm,该物体质量多大?五、综合题24.如图甲,托盘天平是实验室里常用来测量的工具。托盘天平上的横梁可以看成一个等臂杠杆,刀口处实际上就是支点,图乙是简化后的示意图。(1)请在图乙上画出动力、动力臂、阻力、阻力臂(2)试证明:当天平水平平衡时,左盘中物体的质量等于右盘中砝码的质量,即:m物=m码25.如图所示,是某型号自动冲刷厕所所用水箱的内部原理图,图中A是水箱,壁厚不计.浮筒B是一个质量为m=0.2kg的空心圆柱体,其底面积为SB=80cm2.放阀门C是一个质量可忽略的圆柱体,厚度不计.放水阀门C能将排水管口恰好盖严。阀门上固定一根轻绳与浮筒相连,绳的长度为L=10cm,g=10N/kg,ρ水=1.0×103kg/cm3.当水箱中水的深度为H=16.5cm时,放水阀门尚未打开,求:<1)此时浮筒B所受的浮力大小;(2)此时浮筒B受到绳子的拉力大小.参考答案∵扁担平衡,∴F1(1.2m-LOB)=F2LOB,即:400N×(1.2m-LOB)=200N×LOB,∴LOB=0.8m;当F1′=G1′=400N-100N=300N,F2′=G2′=200N-100N=100N时,F1′(1.2m-LOB′)=F2′LOB′,即:300N×(1.2m-LOB′)=100N×LOB′,LOB′=0.9m.答:欲使扁担平衡此人肩膀距B端0.8m,若两端各减100N重物,欲使扁担平衡,肩膀应距B端0.9m.23.(1)24cm(2)m=5000g25.(1)5.2N (2)3.2N 一、听对话,从下面各题所给的A、B、C三幅图片中选择与对话内容相符的图片。每段对话读两遍。二、听对话或独白,根据对话或独白的内容,从下面各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选择最佳选项。每段对话或独白读两遍。请听一段对话,完成第5至第6小题。5. Where does the woman want to go?A. The library. B.The post office. C. The City Bank.6. What should the woman do at the traffic lights?A. Turn right. B.Tum left. C.Go forward.请听一段对话,完成第7至第8小题。7.Why did the woman take pictures of her flat?A. To put them in her living room.B.To show them to her friends.C. To send them to her parents.8. Which room does the woman like best?A. The study. B.The living room.C.The 、bedroom.请听一段对话,完成第9至第10小题。9. When does the man go to the gym every day?A. After breakfast. B.After lunch. C.After dinner.10. What's the man's job?A.A reporter. B.An actor. C.A doctor.请听一段对话,完成第11至第13小题。11. Why is the man asking for hot water?A. He is thirsty. B.His feet hurt.C.He feels cold.12. How well did the man do in the race?A.He was in the middle.B. He was one of the fastest.C. He was one of the slowest.13. What can you learn from the conversation?The man enjoys running.B. The man wants to win the race.C. The woman will run with the man.请听一段对话,完成第14至第16小题。14. What's the speaker mainly talking about?A. His students. B.His job. C. His trouble.15. What do the students usually do duringthe lesson?A. Mark their coursework. B.Do experiments. C.Answer questions.16. What does the speaker think of his way of teaching?A. It bores the students. B.It saves time C.It works.三、听对话,根据所听到的对话内容和提示词语,记录关键信息。对话读两遍。(共10分,每小题2分)Healthy DentistryTo: Dr. LeePatient’s name: Bill __17__Last check-up: __18__ agoCheck-up time: __19__, July 47:30 in the __20__Room number: __21__四、单项填空。从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。22. The lovely girl is from Class6. ____ name is Alice.A. Her B. His C.Your D. Its23.—Is your father home?—No,he’s working late ____ the office.A. on B. at C. of D. to24. There were only two paintings for sale and he bought ____.A. all B. any C. both D. some25. Let’s ____ for a walk, shall we?A. to go B. going C. go D. gone26. —Where were you last Saturday?—I ____ in the Capital Museum.A. am B. will be C. was D. have been27. —Mum, must I wash the dishes right now?—No, you ____.A. shouldn’t B. wouldn’t C. mustn’t D. needn’t28. I work hard this term, but Peter works much ____.A. hard B. harder C. hardest D. the hardest29. —May I speak to the headmaster?—He ____ a meeting now. Can I take a message?A. is having B. had C. has D. will have30. There are no buses, ____ you’ll have to walk.A. so B. or C. but D. for31. — ____ is the dictionary?—It’s $22.95A. How old B. How long C. How thick D. How much32. I ____ Mr. Smith since he moved to Shanghai.A. didn’t hear from B. don’t hear fromC. won’t hear from D. haven’t heard from33. Today, computers are really helpful. They ____ everywhere.A. use B. are used C. used D. were used34. —Can you tell me ____ the prize, Tom?—Last year。A. when you got B. when did you getC. when will you get D. when you will get五、完形填空。阅读下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中,选择最佳选项。Several weeks ago, our headmaster, Mr. Gaudi, told usthat our school had been chosen to compete on Smart Aleck—a game show which my best friend Carla and I both love. Carla has a good imagination, and I know a lot of history, so we thought we’d be good __35__ for the team.A few days later, Mr. Gaudi held a meeting with everyone interested in the__36__ . He told us that Smart Aleck uses a five member team. He also said that three more people would be needed as backup(替补). Unluckily four times that many students were at the meeting. So Mr. Gaudi said we would have a __37__ and the top eight scorers would become the team and the backup.Everybody agreed that this was a __38__ way to decide.Yesterday, all of the hopefuls went to the dining hall after school. We would have to decide the starting line-up(阵容).Mr. Gaudi acted as the host. After a couple of hours, all the __39__ on the team were set except one. Carla and I __40__ for that last position.We had to hold a one-on-one competition between the two of us.The winner would be on the team and the loser would be the backup.Midway through our two-person competition,I was starting to pull ahead.__41__ I saw the look on Carla's face.I waited for a second and knew what I had to do.As much as I wanted to be on Smart Aleck,Carla wanted __42__ even more.So,starting with my next question,I held back and let Carla __43__,just by a little bit.Her expression as she __44__ she would be on the show made up for my not being on the team.And since I will go as backup,I'll still have the fun of seeing the show up close.Was I __45__ by not trying as hard as I could?I don't think so.No one noticed,and Carla and I didn't __46__ it.It won't hurt the team because Carla will be a very good competitor on the real show.I think that making my best friend happy was the right thing to do.35. A.choices B.pairs C.leaders D.fans36. A.course B.work C.trip D.show37. A.direction B.discussion C.competition D.conversation38. A.special B.hard C.fair D.funny39. A.places B.rules C.names D.orders40. A.tied B.clapped C.cried D.returned41. A.Still B.Never C.Then D.Again42. A.us B.it C.me D.her43. A.wait B.turn C.move D.win44. A.accepted B.realized C.considered D.decided45. A.coming B.refusing C.helping D.cheating46. A.mean B.plan C.regret D.say阅读理解(共44分)六、阅读下列短文,根据短文内容,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择最佳选项。AJoin Us for a Day at Sun Valley Amusement ParkChildren aged 10 to 14 are invited to take part in the “Event of the Summer” at Sun Valley Amusement Park, the most popular amusement park on the East Coast. Sun Valley has more than 80 amusement rides. For sports lovers, there are basketball courts, an indoor baseball field, and climbing walls.No amusement park would be complete without a gift shop. Sun Valley has two.You won’t want to miss out on this day of fun. Join us at Sun Valley Amusement Park on July 14 Register(登记)early.The cost of the trip is $25. This includes tickets and all rides.We suggest that all children bring lunch.Buses leave at 9:00 AM and return at 5:00 PM.Rain Date: Wednesday, July 16.Register at the Children’s RecreationCenter at the Town Hall by July 3.A one-day registration will also be held on July 1 at the Brown School.For more information, call Jane Parks at 555-726747. Who can take part in the “Event of the Summer”?A. Children under 5 B. Children over 16C. Children aged 10-14 D. Children aged 5-948. The children had better bring ____A. a basketball B. lunch C. a gift D. gloves49. When can children register at the Brown School?A. On July 1 B.On July 3 C.On July 14 D.On July 16BStreet Ping Pong— Ping!Do you like table tennis? If you had travelled to cities in the UK like London or Birmingham last summer, you might have seen one of the dozens of free tablesthat were there as part of a project (项目) called Ping!.What is Ping!?Ping!is a three-year table tennis project. It has been running since 2010 and this year, 2012, is the final year. The idea is to put free table tennis tables in eight different towns in the UK for four weeks during the summer. Each table comes with its own bats and balls and is free to play. You can find the tables outdoors.What does Ping! hope to achieve?It would be great if Ping!helped find a new Olympic table tennis star but what Ping! really hopes. to achieve is just to get people playing and having fun together."Putting a ping pong table on the street gives people a chance to connect with other people," said MeeraSodha, Ping! Project Manager.One of the towns that took part in the project was Hull, a city in England. Forty-five tables were put into the city. JakobAdamski, an ESOL student learning.English, said, "I really enjoyed playing table tennis in the park. It was alsoagood way for me to practise my English and meet people."50 When did the Ping! project start?A. Last summer. B. Last winter.C. In 2010. D. In 2012.51. What's the Ping!project?A. Choosing table tennis stars.B. Holding table tennis matches.C. Teaching people how to .play table tennis.D. Putting free table tennis tables in some towns.52. The purpose of the Ping!project isA. to help people practise EnglishB. to invite people to visit the UK citiesC. to get people to play and have fun together.D. to encourage people to take part in the 2012 0lympicsCThe right name is important in the business world. All you have to do is think of the names for some of the products you buy every day and you’ll agree that the name and the product are connected in the everyone’s mind.In many countries, successful trade or brand names are protected by law. This is so that other companies cannot make a product and, in fact, be buying something different. Businesses register a company or a product name with the government. In fact, more than 1,000 product and company names are registered every hour. Many companies spend a lot of money to find the right name for their products. A good example of this is. In the car industry. Some successful names for cars have powerful associations (联系).The Ford Mustang and the Jaguar are only two examples of choosing the names of animals that are fast and strong.When a U. S company decides to sell its product in another country, it has to make sure that the product name translates properly. When Coca-Cola introduced its soft drink to China, it looked for the right name. It wanted a name that would do two things. One was to present its image(形象)in Chinese and the second was to be close to its first brand name—Coke. It took some efforts before finding the right word —which sounds similar and translates as “happiness in the mouth”. Asian company names are not new to the United States. The brand names of Samsung and Sony have been successful. Finding the right brand name is a big business. Asian companies that sell to foreign markets pay to find a name that will connect with its customers. There are even naming companies that specialize in inventing product names. These companies can charge (要价)up to $100,000 a word for their creations. But it’s worth it. Successful companies know how important the right brand names are for their development.53. Why are trade names protected by law in many countries?A. To make companies pay for naming service.B. To help people choose the best productsC. To present good images of the products.D. To prevent good images from being copied54. What can we learn from the passage?A. Many companies care about the cost of finding the right namesB. Creative trade names can help companies to have a larger saleC. The government often does business with naming companiesD. It is considered necessary for cars to be names after animals55. What’s the best title for the passage?A. The Business of NamesB. The Development of NamesC. The Rules of Naming BusinessD. The Methods of Choosing NamesDReading Oliver James'Affluenza,I thought about what often happens at home.My 12-year-ole daughter is in tears."I have so take a test tomorrow.I don't understand any of it,"she cries out.After shouting and shutting her door,she calms down enough to go through her notes.The following dry I ask her how the test went and the just says"OK,I got a nine"."Wow.well done!"I say,before she finishes with "But I never get a ten!"According to James,this obsession with getting top marks has been a bad development,which encourages people to think of education in terms of work and money.To test this,I asked my daughter why she was so worried about her tests.She looked at me as if I was thick."Well,if I don't get good grades,I won't be able to afford nice things like a car and stuff."I was quite surprised,because I don't consider myself a pushy parent.But James suggests and it leaves students feeling failures even if they are very bright.He points to the Danish system(体制)of education as a better model.Creating happy citizens who have good social skills is seen as more important than high achievements at school or the needs of business.For me,I cannot remember the last time I had to work out the area of a circle,recite a Shakespeare poem or grammar rules,yet I have lived a happy life.What I really needed to learn at school was how to make polite conversations,or how to avoid getting into debt or how to develop good personality.This is in fact similar to what Oliver James really has in mind.And he is looking for schools where students are encouraged to find and follow their own interests,something more like Tongjon.Tongjon has been developed in some Korean private schools.It is quite different from the more rigid system of learning things by heart that is used in Korea,and indeed in many other school systems around the world.As the Russian poet Pushkin said,"Inspiration(灵感)is needed in geometry(几何学)just as much as in poetry ",and inspiration does not come from endlessly revising for tests or getting worried about them .56.What does the writer probably think of his/her daughter?A.She sets herself a goal too high to reach.B.She should be more polite to her parents.C.Sheis hard-working but not very bright.D.She takes her grades much too seriously.57.What does the word "obsession"in paragraph 3 mean?A.A plain and unavoidable fact.B.A satisfied and very proud state.C.A practical and widely-used way.D.A fixed and often unreasonable idea.58.What can we infer from the passage?A.Social skills are as important as high grades.B.Interest in grades can shake self-confidence.C.The writer regrets not having studied hard at school.D. Danish educational system is for very smart students.59.The writer wants to tell us that____.A.learning happily is the key to self-development.B. top marks may be helpful to increase one's interest.C. tests should be improved to give children inspiration.D.education should meet one's needs for word and money.七、阅读短文,根据短文内容,从短文后的五个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。Dr.Jack Todd is very interested in clean water .__60__,so it's natural that he is to developer of a small and affordable system(系统)to clean wastewater,His “Living Machine" can clean wastewater in your home or in your business.__61__ The wastewater goes into a big plastic tank where bacteria(细菌)start to break down the waste.A few days later after it is dealt with, the water is brought into a greenhouse filled with plants and fish.With the help of sunlight,the plants and animals remove more chemicals from the water,making it cleaner,Then the water can be reused for washing or bathing __62__ but the water is clean enough for watering the flowing, washing the dog, or even for bathing or swimming.The advantage of this technology is that it is affordable and good for the environment. __63__. It can help to use less fresh water, and it can help keep the water supply unpolluted.If enough homes and businesses use “Living Machines”People like to plant trees around their housesHe is also interested in saving moneyIt cannot be used for drinking or cookingThe “Living Machine” is a system for cleaning wastewater八、阅读短文,根据短文内容回答问题。Every year, wildfires(野火) destroy much forest land. homes are broken down, and thousands of people die. smokejumpers are stop helping to stop this.Smokejumpers are a special kind of firefight. they jump from places into areas that difficult to reach by car or on foot. they race to put out fires as fast as they can.At a fire site, Smokejumpers first examine the land and decide how to fight the fire. their main goal is to stop fire from spreading. using basic tools such as shovels and axes, smokejumpers clear land of burnable material like plants and other dry material. they carry water with them too, but not much.Although most smokejumpers are men, more women are joining. Most important are your weight and height. Smokejumpers in the U.S. for example ,must be 54 to 91 kilograms, so they don’t get hurt when they land, or get blown by strong winds.Smokejumpers must be able to live in the wilderness. in Russia ,many smokejumpers know how to find food in the forest and even make simple furniture from trees.They work is dangerous, the hours are long. But for these firefighters, smokejumpers isn’t just a job. They love being able to jump out of planes, fight fires, and live in the forest. As 28-year-old Russian smokejumpers Alexi Tishin says,“This is the best job for the strong and brave.”64. What are Smokejumpers?65. Where do the jump from?66. What’s their main goal?67. Why should they have proper weight?68. What’s needed to be a smokejumpers?九、完成句子。(共10分,每小题2分)根据中文意思完成句子。69.很抱歉我没能参加你的生日晚会。_____for missing your birthday party.70.你在课余时间喜欢读书吗?Do you _____ in your spare time?71.杰克会和同学们相处得很好。Jack will _____ his classmates.72.这个演讲非常精彩。我们都听得很认真。The speech _____ we all listened carefully.73.他们很难在这么短的时间内想出新的办法。_____ a new way in such a short time.十、文段表达。根据中文和英文提示词语,写出意思连贯、符合逻辑、不少于60词的短文,所给英文提示词语仅供选用,请不要写出你的真实校名和姓名。74. 生活中每个人都有过与他人分享的体验,如分享一本有趣的书、一段难忘的经历、一个闪光的想法……现在,某英文报纸就分享(Sharing)话题征文,请你投稿。描述一次你与他人分享的经历,并谈谈你的感受。提示词语:share…with…;experience; interest; learn; change; encourage; enjoy; happiness; confident参考答案一、1、C 2、B 3、A 4、C二、5、A 6、B 7、C 8、A 9、A 10、B 11、B 12、C13、A 14、B 15、C 16、C三、17、Appleman 18.four months 19. Monday 20. evening 21. 31560、C 61、E 62、D 63、A八、64、Smokejumpers are a special kind of firefighter.65. They jump from planes.66. Their main goal is to stop a fine from spreading.67. Because they won’t get hurt when they land ,or get blown by strong winds.68. To be a smokejumper,one needs to have proper height and weight, be able to live in the wilderness and love his/her job.九、69. I am sorry70. like reading71. get along/on well with72.was so wonderful that73. It’s difficult for them to come up with十、74. One possible versionI had an experience of sharing. When my family moved, I had to go to a new school and study in a new class. The first test made me so nervous that I failed. I got worried and felt helpless until one of my new classmates came up to me and asked softly if I was OK. After I told him about my problem, he gave me some advice. From then on, we got to know each other and shared our ideas ,problems, and happiness. We became good friends. Sharing with friends helped me bring back my confidence and fit in with others.一、基础题阅读下面语段,完成下面题目。(10分)蓬莱山又名“九仙山”,位于尤溪县坂面镇境内,距县城35公里,海拔1288米,峰顶面积达2000多平方米,是尤溪最高的山峰之一。蓬莱山虽然是尤溪最早开发的名胜景点,而且是三明市最优美的旅游自然景区之一。沿着蜿(yán)的盘山公路,可以看到蓬莱山诡奇多姿,千岩竞秀,峰峦峭拔,怪石嵯峨,流泉飞瀑,草木葱茏,山明水秀。山上有金鲫池、石棋盘、黑白二石子、炼丹灶、白鹤洞等胜景。同时,洞窟幽深,岩壑雄峙,峡谷险绝,山泉潺潺,苍松翠柏,风光旖旎。峰顶有岩平台方余丈,伫立于此可眺望方圆百里山河和村落。该山植被分布带明显,上部为高山草甸带,山腰以下生长茂密的针阔叶林、灌丛、修竹。站立山顶,只见重峦叠嶂,绿树成阴,云雾(liáo)绕,日出如盘,日落似血。极目远眺,尤溪河如玉练彩带般绕山而行,更给蓬莱山增添了几许秀气。蓬莱山海拔800多米处,有一座禅峰寺庙,始建于唐贞观年间721年,寺的右边有两株千年古树——紫薇,枝叶婆娑,郁郁葱葱。禅峰寺后的仙峰岩,岩体巨大、气势如虹、景观奇特,岩体高达200多米,长800多米,是尤溪县目前发现最大的岩石壁。1.根据拼音写汉字或给划线字注音。(4分 )①蜿yán( ) ②云雾liáo( )绕③诡( )奇多姿 ④郁郁葱( )葱2.文中画线的句子有语病,请修改。(2分)________________________________________________________________________3.结合语境解释词语。(4分)①极目远眺: __________________________________________________②重峦叠嶂:_________________________________________________4.把下列成语补充完整。(4分)趋之若( ) ( )枯拉朽 居心( )测 ( )不成军5.剧本中水上漂说:“男娃子是个宝,女娃子是根草”狗娃的唱词中也有:“千不该,万不该,不该错投女儿胎!”对这种传统的重男轻女思想,你是怎样看待的?请联系你的所见所问,说说你的观点。二、现代文阅读阅读《童年的朋友》中的两段文字,完成下面题目。(7分)①外祖母说话好似在用心地唱歌,字字句句都像鲜花那样温柔、鲜艳和丰润,一下子就牢牢地打进我的记忆里。她微笑的时候,那黑得像黑樱桃的眼珠儿睁得圆圆的,闪出一种难以形容的愉快光芒,在笑容里,快活地露出坚固的雪白的牙齿,虽然黑黑的,两颊有许多皱纹,但整个面孔仍然显得年轻,明朗。但这面孔却被松软的鼻子、胀大了的鼻孔和红鼻尖儿给弄坏了。她从一个镶银的黑色鼻烟壶里嗅烟草。她的衣服全是黑的,但通过她的眼睛,从她内心却射出一种永不熄灭的、快乐的、温暖的光芒。她腰弯得几乎成为驼背,肥肥胖胖,可是举动却像一只大猫似的轻快而敏捷,并且柔软得也像这个可爱的动物。②在她没来以前,我仿佛是躲在黑暗中睡觉,但她一出现,就把我叫醒了,把我领到光明的地方,用一根不断的线把我周围的一切连结起来,织成五光十色的花边,她马上成为我终身的朋友,成为最知心的人,成为我最了解、最珍贵的人,一是她那对世界无私的爱丰富了我,使我充满了坚强的力量以应付困苦的生活的。6.选文第①段划线句运用了什么修辞手法?这样写有怎样的表达效果?(3分)7.第②段中划线的这个“光明的地方”该怎样理解呢?(2分)8.外祖母是“我”的长辈,“我”却说“她一出现”,“马上成为我终身的朋友”。对此你是怎么理解的?(2分)阅读《最后一课》文段,完成第下列各小题。(11分)忽然教堂的钟敲了十二下。祈祷的钟声也响了。窗外又传来普鲁士兵的号声——他们已经收操了。韩麦尔先生站起来,脸色惨白,我觉得他从来没有这么高大。“我的朋友们啊,”他说——“我——我——”但是他哽住了,他说不下去了。他转身朝着黑板,拿起一支粉笔,使出全身的力量,写了两个大字:“法兰西万岁!”然后他呆在那儿,头靠着墙壁,话也不说,只向我们做了一个手势:“散学了,——你们走吧。”9.文段写教堂的钟声、祈祷的钟声、普鲁士兵的号声,有什么作用?(3分)10.韩麦尔先生此时此刻有无数的话要说,但是他哽住了,说不下去了,是因为(?? )(3分)A.时间太少了,满肚的话一时无从说起。 B.他要离开他教的学生,心情难过。C.想到课一结束,他就要离开这生活了四十年的地方,心中有说不出的惆怅。D.最后一课即将结束,从此将和祖国的语言告别,留恋与失望、痛苦与悲愤到了极点,千言万语不知从何说起。11.韩麦尔先生“使出全身的力量,写了两个大字:‘法兰西万岁!’”这一细节描写表现了韩麦尔先生怎样的思想感情?(3分)12.判断下列两句中的破折号的用法。(2分)(1)“我的朋友们啊,”他说,“我—我—”(??? )(2)“散学了,—你们走吧。”(??? )A.表示解释说明 B.表示语音延长 C.表示意思的递进 D.表示语意的转折阅读陈村《回想铁生》一文,完成13~16题。(共12分)①他跟我很投缘,也许因为我们有相似的经历,都曾当过知青,都是病退回城,都曾在里弄加工组谋生,都属于残疾人,都写作。但他站不起来了,我还能弯曲地站立和难看地短程行走。在我眼里,史铁生是当代中国最好的作家。②他的体格,本来应该很高大,很健硕。开始于十九岁的劫难塞给他另外一条路,母亲和朋友说服他,他说服自己,后来成了我认识的、阅读的史铁生。③这些年,我到北京必去望望史铁生,坐两三个小时,吃顿饭。住下来可以多说话,可他的身体禁不住打扰。他的截瘫,他的肾脏萎缩,用他的话说,发动机和轮子都坏了,维持身体的运行很累。每周两到三次的肾脏透析,不由分说地打断他的生活和思维。④他常常想得比人们深入透彻,他有自己的理由和节律。他不作状,而是常常省察自己的内心。史铁生坦然写他自己,他的一生透明坦荡,读过他作品的人知道他许多往事,也看见他的许多思索。⑤那些困苦,经受血的洗礼后成了他的资源,使他从此走向内心,走通命定之路,去看他人和世界。他追问,但不控诉,不失态。史铁生通常并不抱怨,他知道感恩,知道生的命题下的诸多奥义。他从腿开始思想,体察心灵。他更多被阅读的是《我的遥远的清平湾》,《我与地坛》,《命若琴弦》。那样的故事只有他能写。⑥他的身体可说是残花败絮,比古瓷更碰不得。即便在轮椅上,史铁生也坐不长,因下肢的神经被截瘫殃及,久坐后血液回流不畅。他的椅子和床一定要仔细清扫,被硌着不知道,失去知觉的皮肤很容易就破皮,一旦感染经久不愈。他手腕上的血管因透析伤痕累累。他常吃着饭汗就出来了,吃饭对他是大运动量。他也抽烟,吸两口就掐了,过会儿再点上。他必须节制饮水,饮白酒似的喝一小口,水进入身体要等两天后才能靠透析排出。这两天里身体积累的毒素令他昏昏然,无法思索。毒素和血液中的营养被透析强行清除,身体犹如飘在云上。水火交替,他两天中只有很短的时间可以阅读、写作。《病隙碎笔》,就是他在疾病的空隙中零碎写成的。家中来朋友,头天要躺着休息,攒下精神接待,然后两个小时内耗尽。病到后来,他的手无力支撑自己上床上车。他床边有架国外买来的机器,将他从轮椅上吊起,转移到床的上方再放下。有时,他将自己悬挂起来,让受压的皮肤休息一会儿,以免患上褥疮。他就在这样的境况中写许多文章,出多本书,甚至有《务虚笔记》和《我的丁一之旅》两部长篇小说。⑦复旦大学的“史铁生追思会”,屏幕上打出他的肖像。照片是我2001年拍的,那天他50周岁。他那么神采奕奕,宽厚地笑着。史铁生和他的作品真诚,温暖,厚重。这样的作家是不会死的。1月6日民俗说的“头七”晚上,中国二十多个地方的读者自发追思史铁生。我从没见过一个中国当代作家被读者这样整齐地认可。史铁生来自平民,他的写作属于人民。(《散文·海外版》)13.文章第①段末尾为什么说“在我眼里,史铁生是当代中国最好的作家”?(4分)14.文章自然朴实,感情真挚。请以第段的词句为例简要分析。(3分)15.“他就在这样的境况中写许多文章,出多本书,甚至有《务虚笔记》和《我的丁一之旅》两部长篇小说。”如果你来朗读这句话,你觉得划线部分哪两个词语应该重读?为什么?(3分)16.下列对本文的理解与赏析,错误的一项是(2分)A.这是一个残疾作家在回忆另一个残疾作家。相似的经历和困厄,使他比常人更容易触摸到史铁生的心灵。B.第③段中“发动机和轮子都坏了”一句运用比喻手法,形象地表现了肾脏萎缩和截瘫给史铁生造成的生存艰难。C.第⑤段中“那样的故事只有他能写”是因为就算别人也经历了他那样的困苦,也难以像他那样创作和生活。D.第⑥段简述了史铁生身体上所承受的常人难以想象的困苦,字里行间流露出对史铁生的敬佩、感激之情,使读者受到强烈的震撼。三、文言文阅读阅读下面文言文,完成题。会天下大雨,道不通,度已失期。失期,法皆斩。陈胜、吴广乃谋曰:“今亡亦死,举大计亦死;等死,死国可乎?”陈胜曰:“天下苦秦久矣。吾闻二世少子也,不当立,当立者乃公子扶苏。扶苏以数谏故,上使外将兵。今或闻无罪,二世杀之。百姓多闻其贤,未知其死也。项燕为楚将,数有功,爱士卒,楚人怜之。或以为死,或以为亡,今诚以吾众诈自称公子扶苏、项燕,为天下唱,宜多应者。”吴广以为然。(节选自《陈涉世家》)17.解释下面句中划线的词。(3分)(1)会天下大雨___________ (2)度已失期___________ (3)为天下唱__________18.用现代汉语写出下列句子的意思。(2分)等死,死国可乎?译文:___________________________________________________________。19.陈胜、吴广为什么要诈称公子扶苏、项燕?(用简洁的语言回答)(3分)_______________________________________________________________________________四、默写按要求默写填空。(8分)20.只恐双溪舴艋舟, 。21.雪暗凋旗画,风多杂鼓声。 , 。22.《出师表》中“侍卫之臣”和“忠志之士”能忘身于外者的原因是:, 。23.你的朋友身处逆境闷闷不乐,这时你可以用范仲淹的一句话来使之开阔胸襟,这句话是: , 。24.四面边声连角起,千嶂里, 。25. ,载不动许多愁。26.零落成泥碾作尘, 。27.我把全部的力量运在手掌 / 贴在上面, ,/因为只有那里是太阳,是春,/将驱逐阴暗,带来苏生,/ 因为只有那里我们 ,/蝼蚁一样死……那里,永恒的/中国! ——《我用残损的手掌》五、作文28.文题一:一颗雄心,是高飞的翅膀;一颗爱心,是挡风的屏障。坚强的心能高过大山,纯洁的心能宽过海洋。感恩之心可以获取真情,宽容之心可以赢得尊敬,奉献之心可以温暖人间。一颗心,是一束光;万众一心能把整个世界照亮……请以“心”为话题,写一篇作文。要求:⑴题目自拟,文体不限;⑵字数不少于600;文题二:以“留在心底的风景”为题写一篇作文。要求:⑴文体不限;⑵字数不少于600。9.钟声宣告最后一课的结束,号声预示着德语要代替法语;号声、钟声的相继传来,使韩麦尔先生眷恋国土的心更为痛楚和悲愤,为下文起了烘托和铺垫作用。(3分10.D (3分15.“甚至”和“两部”(或“长篇”)。“甚至”表示递进,表现了作者对史铁生克服常人难以想象的困苦后写出《务虚笔记》《我的丁一之旅》这样的长篇小说的惊讶、敬佩。“两部”表示数量之多(或“长篇”表示篇幅之长),表现史铁生的勤奋、顽强。(找到重读词语和理由各点一半分。意对即可)16.D17.(1)会:适逢、恰巧遇到 (2)度:估计 (3)唱:通“倡”倡导18.同样死,为国事而死好吗?(“等”“死国”各1分)19.扶苏贤明,项燕爱士卒,诈称扶苏,项燕有号召力。(如全抄原文不得分)20.载不动许多愁21.宁为百夫长,胜作一书生22.盖追先帝之殊遇,欲报之于陛下也23.不以物喜,不以己悲。24.长烟落日孤城闭25.只恐双溪舴艋舟。26.只有香如故27.寄与爱和一切希望;不像牲口一样活28.答案不一,属于开放性题。 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源列表 江苏省盱眙县明祖陵中学2012-2013学年八年级下学期期末考试历史试题.doc 江苏省盱眙县明祖陵中学2012-2013学年八年级下学期期末考试政治试题.doc 江苏省盱眙县明祖陵中学2012-2013学年八年级下学期期末考试数学试题.doc 江苏省盱眙县明祖陵中学2012-2013学年八年级下学期期末考试物理试题.doc 江苏省盱眙县明祖陵中学2012-2013学年八年级下学期期末考试英语试题.doc 江苏省盱眙县明祖陵中学2012-2013学年八年级下学期期末考试语文试题.doc