资源简介

清远市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末质量检测
英语
注意事项：
1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Top-Rated Tourist Attractions in New Zealand
Nature has shaped New Zealand with the beauty of a movie set. Few destinations boast so many natural wonders packed into such a small area. Here are the best attractions travelers can explore.
Kaikoura, South Island
Birders, wildlife and seafood enthusiasts will love the charming coastal village of Kaikoura. Between the Seaward Kaikoura Range and the Pacific Ocean, Kaikoura offers excellent coastal hikes and popular whale watching tours. In addition to whales, passengers may spot fur seals, dolphins and a wide variety of birds.
Queenstown, South Island
Queenstown is New Zealand's adventure capital. Bungee jumping, jet boating, rock climbing, mountain biking and downhill skiing are just some of the thrilling things to do here. In addition to the adventure sports, Queenstown offers all the comforts, with first-class hotels, spas, restaurants, galleries and shops.
Rotorua, North Island
This is a land where the Earth speaks. Boiling mud pools, volcanic craters and steaming thermal springs(温泉) reveal the forces of New Zealand's dramatic landscapes. Visitors can take a walking tour of these geothermal wonders and bathe in the springs while visiting the interesting attractions to learn about the region's rich Maori history and culture.
Bay of Islands, North Island
A three-hour drive north of Auckland, the beautiful Bay of Islands is one of the most popular vacation destinations in the country. There are more than 144 islands on the bay, making it a perfect place for sailing. Penguins, dolphins, and whales live in these fertile waters, and the region is a popular sport-fishing spot. The odd towns in the area such as Russell, Opua and Paihia are great bases for exploring this scenic bay.
21. Where can visitors experience extreme sports
A. In Kaikoura. B. In Queenstown. C. In Rotorua. D. At Bay of Islands.
22. What is special about Rotorua
A. It offers coastal hike tours.
B. It offers popular whale watching tours.
C. It is the best known for varieties of wildlife.
D. It is a good place to have a thermal spring bath.
23. What do we know about Bay of Islands
A. It is suitable for fishing. B. There are several islands there.
C. There are many educational bases there. D. It belongs to South Island of New Zealand.
B
Running is undoubtedly a healthy lifestyle, but it is difficult to stick to it. I still remember one 50-minute run in particular in the spring of 2018. I made a detailed plan at first and immediately began creating a long list of excuses as to why this was simply just not going to work, why I wasn't fit enough and why I would fail. I was afraid that I had no confidence in my plan. Before I even tied my shoes, I'd already convinced myself I couldn't do that.
How would it go I had quit the workout mentally before I even started. Who knows how many times I stopped and restarted my watch I spent an awfully long afternoon sitting by the road feeling sorry for myself. One bad workout would even upset me for days. I questioned my fitness gradually and cut more workouts short. And pretty soon, my fitness gradually came to a steady level or moved backward.
The problem I gradually realized was that I treated my entire training plan like a tempo (节奏) run—hard, fast, strict. In a tempo run, if you don't hit your pace early, it's nearly impossible to catch up. Therefore, I realized I needed to treat my training like my favorite workout: the long run. I love ignoring my watch, settling into a relaxing pace, enjoying the route and focusing on only one goal—finishing. I love that I can have a bad mile in the middle and still end up strong.
Now, when I set a new goal and write a new training plan, I have what I call “the long-run mindset”. I find success and value in my training because I'm not eager for immediate results as before. Yes, there is still an important place for hard fast tempo runs, but I have shifted my attitude to thinking bigger than short-term outcomes and work towards lifelong success.
24. How did the author first feel about his running plan
A. Positive. B. Convinced. C. Unafraid. D. Unsure.
25. What can we infer about the author from paragraph 2
A. He had a poor-quality watch. B. He had a loser's mental state.
C. His health was improving rapidly. D. His training plan was easy to follow.
26. How did the author manage to solve his problem
A. By ignoring the finishing line. B. By finding a tense workout pace.
C. By forgetting his previous achievements. D. By treating the training in a different way.
27. What message does the author try to tell us
A. It's an attitude of mind that counts. B. A good plan makes a good ending.
C. Think twice before you leap. D. Doing is better than saying.
C
Over the last 50 years, the environmental movement has become so closely associated with the color green that it's almost impossible to see a green poster, label or recycling bag without thinking about our planet's future. But though that connection is the product of a very recent crisis, its origins go back some way. We have identified green with nature and its processes for thousands of years. Indeed, the very word “green” comes from the ancient Proto-Indo-European word “ghre”, meaning “grow”.
The human species has a special biological bond with green. Unlike most mammals(哺乳动物), which are red-green color blind due to a lack of photoreceptors(感光器), we developed a photoreceptor cell. This additional photoreceptor enabled our ancestors to spot ripe red and yellow fruits against the green ones, and to distinguish different green leaves from each other. In daylight conditions, human eyes are more sensitive to green than any other colors.
All over the world, people shared feelings with nature through green materials. Jade, for example, was used to make objects that would guarantee a successful harvest. The Maya buried their leaders with jade masks for this reason. The ancient Egyptians, who were farming the banks of the Nile from about 8000 BC, identified their crops with green. Their term for the color was “wadj”, which also meant flourish(繁荣). Egyptian painters often described their god of agriculture, Osiris, as a bright green being.
While the future of our planet remains uncertain, many scientists are convinced that green will prove to be a decisive weapon in our battle against climate change. This is as it should be. After all, for early farmers waiting for shoots to emerge from the soil and for modern-day activists determined to bring about a sustainable future, green was, and is, a color of hope—after a long cold winter or a drought-ridden summer, the arrival of green will signal a new beginning.
28. What has happened over the past 50 years according to paragraph 1
A. Many posters have been designed by artists.
B. People have increased their environmental awareness.
C. People have been used to buying recycled paper bags.
D. Many factories have closed down due to the serious pollution.
29. Why are most mammals red-green blind
A. They have a special bond with red. B. Their eyes are more sensitive to red.
C. They lack a kind of photoreceptor cell. D. Their brains have additional photoreceptors.
30. How does the author state his opinion in paragraph 3
A. By raising a question. B. By making a comparison.
C. By giving examples. D. By using statistics.
31. What does the underlined word “decisive” in the last paragraph mean
A. Crucial. B. Abstract. C. Complex. D. Distant.
D
Climate change and land-use change are projected to make wildfires more frequent and intense, with a global increase of extreme fires of up to 14 per cent by 2030, 30 per cent by the end of 2050 and 50 per cent by the end of the century, according to a new report by the UN Environment Programme (UNEP)and GRID-Arendal.
The report calls for a complete change in government spending on wildfires, changing their investments from reaction and response to prevention and preparedness. The report, Spreading like Wildfire: The Rising Threat of Extraordinary Landscape Fires, finds a higher risk even for the Arctic and other regions previously unaffected by wildfires. The report had been released before representatives of 193 nations held a meeting in Nairobi for the restarted 5th session of the UN Environment Assembly (UNEA-5. 2), between 28 February and 2 March, 2022. The publication calls on governments to adopt a new “Fire Ready Formula” with two-thirds of spending devoted to planning, prevention, preparedness, and recovery, with one third left for response. Currently, direct responses to wildfires typically receive over half of related cost, while planning and prevention receive less than one per cent.
To prevent fires, authors call for a combination of data and science-based monitoring systems with native knowledge and for a stronger regional and international cooperation.
“Current government responses to wildfires are often putting money in the wrong place. Those emergency service workers and firefighters on the frontlines who are risking their lives to fight forest wildfires need to be supported. We have to reduce the risk of extreme wildfires by being better prepared: invest more in fire risk reduction, work with local communities, and strengthen global commitment to fight climate change,” said Inger Andersen, UNEP Executive Director.
Wildfires disproportionately(不成比例地) affect the world's poorest nations. With an impact that extends for days, weeks and even years after the flames die down, they block progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals and deepen social inequalities in some fields.
32. What does the report appeal to the government to do with wildfires
A. Invest more money on forecast. B. Focus on prevention and preparedness.
C. Give advanced warning to wild animals. D. Plant more trees to make up for the loss of forests.
33. What's Inger Andersen's attitude towards the current government's measures
A. Supportive. B. Unconcerned. C. Unfair. D. Critical.
34. What is the main idea of the text
A. Wildfires are spreading worldwide.
B. The UN held a meeting to discuss wildfires.
C. Governments should prepare themselves for wildfires.
D. The UNEP Executive Director released a report on wildfires.
35. What is the author most likely to talk about next
A. The areas hit by climate change.
B. The names of the world's richest nations.
C. The bad effects of wildfires on different fields.
D. The relationship between wildfires and health.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余
选项。
What Is the Metaverse(虚拟世界) Tech Companies Aim to Build
You may have heard the term metaverse used to describe a new virtual world that major technology companies aim to develop. The word is a combination of the prefix meta—which means beyond—and verse, which relates to the universe. __36__ In his story, people wore virtual reality (VR) headsets to interact inside a game—like technology world.
The main technologies that would drive such a world would be VR, and augmented reality (AR). __37__
A company has invested much money in VR and AR technologies to create the most realistic virtual interactions possible. __38__ Another has also been developing VR and AR tools to bridge the digital and physical worlds.
With the help of AR glasses, individuals might be able to see a large amount of information pass before their eyes while moving around in a city. This could include traffic and pollution data, information on the natural environment or local history. __39__ These include the ability for people to be transported to digital settings that feel very real, such as a sports stadium or a mountaintop.
__40__ These involve players around the world interacting in virtual environments and even permit users to buy digital items with real money. Cathy Hackl is a technology expert who advises companies on the metaverse. She told that the younger generation is much more willing to attach real meaning to virtual experiences and objects.
A. People linked to the metaverse would be connected at all times.
B. Such a system could one day be used with headsets in a metaverse.
C. It has also created a new team to specifically develop metaverse products.
D. A metaverse environment might look a lot like many of the online video games.
E. The term appeared in the 1992 science fiction book written by Neal Stephenson.
F. Other yet-to-be invented technologies would likely also be used to improve experiences.
G. However, most predictions for a future metaverse see the technology going much further.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The Cajun Navy is a group of volunteer small boat owners who help people during bad storms and floods. The group __41__ volunteering during Hurricane Katrina. During that storm alone, they __42__ more than 10, 000 people from flooded homes and rooftops! Since then, they have saved more lives around the US! The Cajun Navy has gone to save during many of the worst __43__ that hit the US, such as Hurricane Harvey and Hurricane Florence.
Using their __44__, they always go into places where people and animals are trapped by floodwaters. They bring their small boats and great skills to find those who are __45__ and then they __46__ them to safety.
Many of the volunteers are fishermen and __47__ boat pilots. They, who come from the southeast United States, are experienced in __48__ through a series of swamps(沼泽) and narrow waterways. The skills they have help them find the way around __49__ floodwaters.
A reporter __50__ his feelings and praised them after the Cajun Navy stepped in to help during bad flooding in Louisiana, “The __51__ were volunteers from the Cajun Navy, who had no ranks, no uniforms, no __52__ medals awarded to them for acts of bravery. It was a selfless heart, not a commanding officer, that called them into risky __53__ to carry endangered citizens to higher and safer ground.
The Cajun Navy is a great example of character in action. They often put themselves in danger to __54__ others. And they do not do it for money or attention, but __55__ because they can help and they want to help.
41. A. improved B. delayed C. started D. survived
42. A. missed B. rescued C. met D. struck
43. A. windstorms B. rainfalls C. sandstorms D. raindrops
44. A. boats B. trucks C. bikes D. cars
45. A. out of order B. out of work C. in place D. in danger
46. A. force B. transport C. invite D. persuade
47. A. skilled B. trapped C. honest D. greedy
48. A. flying B. looking C. sailing D. driving
49. A. powerful B. peaceful C. limited D. mixed
50. A. ignored B. discovered C. valued D. conveyed
51. A. witnesses B. heroes C. passers-by D. victims
52. A. athletic B. ecological C. military D. economic
53. A. companies B. currents C. funds D. flights
54. A. abandon B. consult C. guide D. assist
55. A. cruelly B. delicately C. merely D. hardly
第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Career training comes in all forms. As __56__ important part of career training, online training has helped raise the skill levels of employees and make them better prepared for the job market. Government departments have made a series of policies to inspire workers to __57__ (active) take part in online career training. So far, 31 provinces __58__ (set) up websites for online training companies. Besides, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security intends to work with some network companies and introduce digital courses covering __59__ (many) than 100 jobs.
In order to encourage people __60__ (take)online training, the ministry will provide subsidies(补助金) for the workers __61__ receive online training. Some provinces have come up __62__ a series of new measures so as to ensure the quality of online career training.
It is important to build interactive __63__ (platform) for online training, such as filming courses in the workshop, so that people can gain access to more __64__ (practice)skills. What's more, it's also necessary to __65__ (strength) the guidance of online training companies and set standards related to the content and duration of the courses.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华，最近你校组织大家参观了你市举办的文化展览。请你写一篇报道，并分享在校英文网站上，内容包括：
1.展览时间、地点；
2.展览主题：中国书画；
3.你的感悟。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
An exhibition of Chinese paintings and calligraphy
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I have always loved libraries ever since I was a boy. Over the years I have read more books than I can count and I have visited the local libraries more times than I can remember. Now in the age of the Internet and with so many faces in screens instead of books, I am concerned that places like these will begin to fade away and we will lose all the joy they bring.
I stopped at the library nearest my home just the other day. It was right off from the local grade school and had been my home since I was young. I opened the door and walked inside. The librarian, David, greeted me warmly, “Good afternoon, Jane. Welcome to the library again.” On the desk next to him sat a beautiful, black cat. “Good afternoon, Mr David. What a cute cat!” I patted the cat gently on the head and smiled.
I gave David a book I wanted to donate and then wandered into the back room to look at the books for sale. The black cat had returned to the room. She stretched. She sharpened her claws for a moment on the furniture. Then she jumped up on the shelf. She meowed(喵喵叫) and let her head up against my hand hoping that I would start petting her again. I smiled and petted her head, and spoke sweetly to her while she rolled on her back.
I thought that if only we could let our guard down as easily and openly as this cat then this world would be a lot more beautiful. I gave my new furry friend some food and then walked out. Then I picked out a book about animal protection, where I learned a lot. The world is full of life, wisdom and love. Let's benefit from people, nature, books and libraries, and occasionally friendly cats.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
After that, I brought food for the cat every time I went to the library. One day, when I came to the library, the cat greeted me with five little cats.
清远市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末质量检测
英语参考答案
阅读：
21~23 BDA
A篇：本文是说明文。文章介绍了新西兰的四个热门景点。
2l. B【解析】细节理解题。根据Queenstown, South Island介绍中的第二句可知，游客可以在此处体验一些极限运动，比如蹦极、喷射船、攀岩、山地骑车和高山滑雪。
22. D【解析】细节理解题。根据Rotorua, North Island介绍中的第二句和第三句可知，其独特之处在于游客可以在此处体验地热温泉沐浴。
23. A【解析】细节理解题。根据Bay of Islands, North Island介绍中的第三句可知，此处适合钓鱼。
24~27 DBDA
B篇：本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者在练习跑步的过程中心态的变化。
24. D【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段可知，作者起初对跑步计划没有信心，他给自己找了一连串理由。
25. B【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段可知，作者拥有失败者的心态——他还没有开始锻炼心里就已经放弃了。
26. D【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段可知，作者意识到自己的问题之后，开始改变自己对锻炼的态度。
27. A【解析】推理判断题。作者刚开始跑步时会找各种理由，但之后转变了心态，这种转变也给自己带来了一些积极的变化。故作者主要想通过他的锻炼经历来告诉我们心态的重要性。
28~31 BCCA
C篇：本文是说明文。文章介绍了有关绿色的古老起源。
28. B【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，在过去的50年里，环保运动已经与绿色紧密相连，以至于我们看到几乎每一个绿色海报、标签或回收袋都会考虑到我们星球的未来。故人们的环保意识增强了。
29. C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，大多数哺乳动物由于缺乏感光器而变成红绿色盲，与它们不同的是，人类形成了一种额外的感光细胞。
30. C【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段可知，作者通过举例子来呈现他的观点：在世界各地，人们通过绿色材料与自然分享感受。
31. A【解析】词义推测题。根据上下文可知，虽然我们星球的未来仍不确定，但许多科学家相信，树叶将被证明是我们对抗气候变化的决定性武器。故decisive在此处意为“决定性的，关键的”。
32~35 BDCC
D篇：本文是说明文。文章介绍了联合国环境规划署发布了一项报告，呼吁政府要注重对野火的防范。
32. B【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，这份报告呼吁政府注重对野火的防范。
33. D【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段可知，Inger Andersen认为当前政府对野火的反应往往是把钱用在了错误的地方。故Inger Andersen对目前政府所采取的措施持批评的态度。
34. C【解析】主旨大意题。文章介绍了联合国环境规划署发布的一项报告，旨在呼吁政府要注重对野火的防范。
35. C【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，野火不成比例地影响世界上最贫困的国家，阻碍联合国可持续发展目标的进展，并加剧社会某些领域的不平等。故作者接下来很可能会谈论野火对不同领域所造成的不良影响。
36~40 EFCGD
七选五：本文是说明文。文章介绍了科技公司的“虚拟世界”的目标。
36. E【解析】根据E项中的The term和Neal Stephenson分别与上文中的The word和下文中的his呼应可知，E项“这个词出现在1992年尼尔·斯蒂芬森写的科幻小说中”起承上启下的作用。
37. F【解析】F项中的technologies与上文中的technologies为原词复现，F项“其他尚未被发明的技术也可能用于改善体验”符合语境。
38. C【解析】根据C项中的It指代上文中的A company可知，C项“它还成立了一个新的团队专门开发虚拟世界的产品”对上文进一步补充说明。
39. G【解析】G项“然而，大多数人都预测关于虚拟世界的这项技术会走得更远”对上文进行转折。
40. D【解析】D项中的online video games与下文中的players呼应，D项“虚拟世界的环境可能看起来很像很多在线视频游戏”符合语境。
41~45 CBAAD 46~50 BACAD 51~55 BCBDC
完形填空：本文是记叙文。The Cajun Navy是一群志愿者，他们在暴风雨和洪水期间帮助受灾的人们。
41. C【解析】考查动词。该团体在Katrina飓风期间开始做志愿者。
42. B【解析】考查动词。仅在那场风暴中，他们就从被淹没的房屋和屋顶中救出了一万多人！
43. A【解析】考查名词。在许多袭击美国的最严重的风暴中，如Harvey飓风和Florence飓风，The Cajun Navy都曾前去救援。
44. A【解析】考查名词。他们总是乘船去那些人和动物被洪水困住的地方。
45. D【解析】考查介词短语。他们带着他们的小船，用高超的技术去找那些处于危险中的人，然后把这些人送到安全的地方。
46. B【解析】考查动词。参见上一题解析。
47. A【解析】考查形容词。许多志愿者是渔民和熟练的引航员。
48. C【解析】考查动词。他们来自美国东南部，在穿越沼泽和狭窄水道方面经验丰富。
49. A【解析】考查形容词。他们所拥有的技能帮助他们在汹涌的洪水中找到道路。
50. D【解析】考查动词。在路易斯安那州遭遇严重洪灾时，一名记者表达了他的感受，并赞扬了参与抗洪的志愿者：“这些英雄是来自The Cajun Navy的志愿者，他们没有军衔，没有制服，没有军事勋章奖励他们的勇敢行为。”
51. B【解析】考查名词。参见上一题解析。
52. C【解析】考查形容词。参见50题解析。
53. B【解析】考查名词。是他们无私的心，而不是来自一名指挥官的命令，呼吁他们进入危险的洪流，把身处洪流中的公民带到更高、更安全的地方。
54. D【解析】考查动词。他们经常把自己置于危险中去帮助别人。
55. C【解析】考查副词。他们这样做不是为了钱或关注，只是因为他们能够提供帮助。
56. an 57. actively 58. have set 59. more 60. to take
61. who/that 62. with 63. platforms 64. practical 65. strengthen
语法填空：
56. an【解析】考查冠词。空后的形容词important是以元音因素开头，故此处应该用不定冠词an, 表泛指。
57. actively【解析】考查副词。根据空后的动词短语take part in可知，此处应该用副词。
58. have set【解析】考查时态。根据本句的时间状语So far可知，此处应该用现在完成时。
59. more【解析】考查比较级。根据空后的than可知，此处应该用many的比较级more。
60. to take【解析】考查非谓语动词。encourage sb. to do sth. 为固定短语，意为“鼓励某人做某事”。
61. who/that【解析】考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，关系代词who/that在此处引导定语从句，并且在从句中作主语，先行词是the workers。
62. with【解析】考查介词。come up with为固定短语，意为“提出”。
63. platforms【解析】考查名词单复数。platform是可数名词，故此处应该用其复数形式。
64. practical【解析】考查形容词。根据空后的名词skills可知，此处应该用形容词。
65. strengthen【解析】考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空格前的to是不定式，故此处应该用动词。
写作：
第一节：
命题立意：本题要求学生以“An exhibition of Chinese painting and calligraphy'”为题写一篇报道，内容包括：l. 展览时间、地点；2. 展览主题：中国书画；3. 你的感悟。该题的命题情境贴近中学生的实际生活。该题旨在弘扬中国优秀的传统文化，培养学生的民族自豪感和自信心，符合当前英语试题命制的趋势和特点。
参考范文：
An exhibition of Chinese paintings and calligraphy
Recently, our school organized us to visit a city cultural exhibition. The exhibition was held on Friday afternoon and lasted two hours in the city cultural hall.
The exhibition whose theme was “Chinese painting and calligraphy” attracted many masters and amateurs at home and abroad. Many artworks including Chinese handwriting and landscape painting from ancient and modern times were on show. The host explained every artwork on the spot.
The exhibition left a deep impression on me. In my opinion, it not only promoted the inheritance of Chinese traditional culture but also strengthened our national pride as well.
第二节：
参考范文：
After that, I brought food for the cat every time I went to the library. Whenever I walked into the library, the cat came to me quickly. She stared at me with her big eyes and meowed at the same time. She rubbed against me, asking me to pet her. I would give food to her to eat. Then she would sit beside me while I was reading. When I left the library, she followed me to the door to see me off. I patted her on the head to tell her to go back.
One day, when I came to the library, the cat greeted me with five little cats. I couldn't wait to ask David, “Where are the baby cats from ” He said the cat became a mother not long ago and that he loved the group. But he also complained that he could no longer afford to keep so many cats. I told him I could adopt them. He was glad to agree. Thus I took them home that day. I made them a small house so that they could have a comfortable home. Now we live happily and harmoniously together.

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