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(共35张PPT)
Unit 4 Natural disasters
Period 3 Discovering Useful Structure
Learning objectives
In this class, you will
1.recognize the restrictive relative clauses and understand the use of relative pronouns;
2. summarize the form and functions of restictive relative clauses;
3. use restrictive relative clauses to describe pictures of disasters.
Lead in
Do you know who he is
He is Han haolin
He plays the role of little Fanxian.
He is Han haolin, who plays the role of little Fanxian.
在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。
1. They are talking about a maths problem.
2. It is very near from here to his school.
3. The man upstairs is a professor of Shandong University.
4. The picture on the wall was drawn by my daughter.
Let’s review
定语
What is attribute
He is Han haolin, who plays the role of little Fanxian.
先行词
定语从句
关系代词
Let’s learn
定语从句定义：在从句中修饰某一名词代词的从句。
定语从句的定义
先行词
关系词
定语从句
+
+
定语从句的构成
定语从句的构成
指代先行词
连接主句和从句
在从句中充当成分
Find and underline the restrictive relative clauses in the sentences below.
The Tangshan earthquake was a terrible
experience that my great-grandma cannot forget.
restrictive relative clause (限制性定语从句)
Antecedent
先行词
Find and underline the restrictive relative clauses in the sentences below.
The couple who live next to us volunteered to help
after the volcano erupted.
restrictive relative clause (限制性定语从句)
Antecedent
先行词
Find and underline the restrictive relative clauses in the sentences below.
The supplies which were provided to the disaster area
were collected from around the country.
restrictive relative clause (限制性定语从句)
Antecedent
先行词
Find and underline the restrictive relative clauses in the sentences below.
Mr Li is an architect whose designs for the new town have won praise.
restrictive relative clause (限制性定语从句)
Antecedent
先行词
Find and underline the restrictive relative clauses in the sentences below.
A doctor with whom James used to work died in the 2016 earthquake in Ecuador.
restrictive relative clause (限制性定语从句)
Antecedent
先行词
Find more sentences with restrictive relative clauses from the text on page 50.
1. There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls.
2. Eleven kilometres directly below the city, one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun, a quake that even caused damage more than 150 kilometres away in Beijing.
3. Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured.
4. The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000.
5. Soon after the quakes，the army sent 150，000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.
6. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.
Observe the sentences and find relative pronouns.
1. There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls.
2. The Tangshan earthquake was a terrible experience that my great-grandma cannot forget.
3. The supplies which were provided to the disaster area were collected from around the country.
4. Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured.
5. The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000.
6. A doctor with whom James used to work died in the 2016 earthquake in Ecuador. 7. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.
指物，作主语
指物，作宾语
指物，作主语
指人，作主语
指人，作主语
指人，作宾语
指人，作定语
定语从句的关系代词
关系代词 先行词 在句子所做的成分
主语、宾语、表语
物
人 主语、宾语
人
人、物
人、物
主语、宾语
宾语
定语
that
which
Who
Whom
whose
The number of people _________ come to visit this city each year reaches one million.
1.that既可指人也可指物，在定语从句中可作主语、宾语
或表语，作宾语时可省略。
(指人，作主语)
that
This is the suitcase _________ she is looking for.
that
定语从句的关系代词
指物，作宾语
2 which指物，在定语从句中可作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。
They ignored the details _________ might account for the accident.
The fish _______ we bought were not fresh.
which
作主语
定语从句的关系代词
which
作宾语
3.who指人，在定语从句中可作主语或宾语，作宾语时可
省略。
Ye are concerned about people ___________have suffered a lot in the earthquake.
Danny was the man __________we rescued from the ruins.
who
作主语
作宾语
who
定语从句的关系代词
4.whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，可省略，也可用who代替。
Rose is the person _______________you should care about.罗丝是你应该关心的人。
5. whose既可指人也可指物，表“所属”关系，在定语从句中作定语。
I know the person____________ house was totally destroyed in the earthquake.我认识那个人，他的房子在地震中被彻底推毁了。
who/whom
作宾语
whose
作定语
①关系代词指代先行词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语，因此定语从句中不能再出现代词所替代的名词或代词。
昨天晚上我们看的两部电影非常吓人
The film that /which we saw it last night was very frightening.
The film (that /which) we saw last night was very frightening.
误区警示
多代词it
②关亲代词在从句中作主语时不能省略，作宾语时可以
省略。
Is that the girl__________________ you spoke of the other day.
那就是你前几天所提的女孩吗
whom /who/that
宜用that就不宜用 which引导定语从句的情况
1.当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。
The first thing _____you should do is call the police right away.
This is the most delicious food _________ I have ever had.
2.当先行词是all，any，little，few， much， ever
anything, nothing，none等不定代词或被这些词修饰时。
All ________can be done has been done.
Tell me everything ________ you know
Please send us any information _______you have about the subject.
that
that
that
that
that
3.当先行词被由 the only， the very， the last， the same等修饰时。
The only thing _______________ she could do was to go to the Police for help.
This is the very book _________I want to buy.
4.当先行词既包括人又包括物时。
Sometimes we should ignore the persons and things __________upset us.
宜用that, 不宜用 which引导定语从句的情况
that
that
that
5.当主句是以who或者 which开头的特殊疑问句时。
Which of the books _________ you bought is the most useful for my writing
你买的书中哪一本对我的写作最有用
宜用that不宜用 which引导定语从句的情况
that
宜用 which不宜用that引导定语从句的情况
1.引导非限制性定语从句时。
Football, ___________is an interesting game, is very popular all over the world
足球是一项有趣的运动，在全世界非常受欢迎。
2.当关系代词前有介词时。
This is the house in _________ Mo Yan once lived
这就是莫言曾经住过的房子。
which
which
定语从句中的主谓一致
1.关系代词在从句中作主语时，定语从句谓语动词的形式根据_________的形式确定.
The old town has narrow streets and small houses that______ built close to each other.
旧城区的街道狭窄，房子小，彼此挨得很近
I'm fond of that Piece of music which _______popular with the teenage.
我喜欢在青少年中流行的那支曲子。
先行词
are
is
定语从句中的主谓一致
One of+复数名词+定语从句(复数谓语)
the only one of+复数名词+定语从句(单数谓语)
2
He is one of the students who________ a good command of French.他是精通法语的学生之ー。( the students为先行词)
He is the only one of the students who___________ a good command of French.他是学生中唯一精通法语的。( the only one为 先行词)
have
has
has
1.Complete each sentence with that, which, who, whose, whom, or"/"Then translate the sentences into Chinese.
1) Here are some of the people________homes were destroyed by the typhoon"
2) The terrible shaking of the building woke up all the people _____________were asleep.
3) The next day, people put up shelters in the open air using anything___________they could find.
4 )Several days later, most of the buildings __________________had been damaged by the hurricane were repaired.
Exercise
that或which
that或/
who或that
whose
5. The injured boy_______________mother was lost in
the disaster was taken to the hospital.
6 The woman wrote a thank-you letter to the soldier by ______________she was resuced.
7 Is this the young boy_____________saved several other students trapped under buildings.
Exercise
who或that
whom
whose
2.Work with a partner. Take turns to ask each other about the pictures.
What’s the rescue
worker doing
She’s feeding the baby
who survived the
earthquake.
It is a baby who was rescued from under the ruins.
Who is the baby in her arms
1. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ___________ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.[2020 新高考I,65]
2. When you sleep, your brain sorts through everything ________happened.[2021 北京，12]
during the day, trying to link new experiences to old memories.
3. BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool _____________gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight.[2021浙江1月，57]
高考链接
that /which
that
that /which
4.The 80，000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, formed the core collection of the British Museum ____________opened in 1759.[2020 新高考I,39]
5. In ancient China lived an artist ________ paintings were almost lifelike.[2020全国Ⅲ，61]
6.They were well trained by their masters ________had great experience with caring for these animal.[2019全国Ⅲ，64]
高考链接
that /which
whose
who
7.She and her family bicycle to work，___________helps them keep fit (2018·北京卷)
8. Kate, _____________sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia(2018·天津卷)
9. During the rosy years of elementary school, I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes _______________allowed me to keep my high social status.(2019·全国I卷)
高考链接
which
which
whose
10. The little problems_____________we meet in our daily lives maybe
inspirations for great inventions.(2017 北京卷)
11. But Sarah,__________has taken part in shows along with top models,
wants to prove that she has brains as well asbeauty.(2017 全国Ⅲ卷)
12. Like anything, it is possible to have too much fat and salt,
________________is not good for the health(2017 全国卷)
that
which
who
高考链接
Homework
1.Recite the words and
phrases.
2.Do the exercises on your exercise book.

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