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应用文：垃圾分类
1．假定你是李华，受学生会委托，围绕“垃圾分类进校园，环境保护在身边”这一主题，为学校宣传栏写一封倡议书，内容包括：
1.倡议的原因和目的；
2.倡议的具体内容；
3.发出倡议。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节,以使全文连贯。
参考词汇：分类sort out，残羹剩饭leftovers
Dear friends,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The Students’ Union
2．为了更好推进我市文明城市的高质量发展，进一步改善人们的生活环境，全社会开展了多种多样的活动。假如你是李华，周末你所在学校组织学生参加了社区正在开展的“垃圾分类”志愿者活动。请写一封信给你的新西兰朋友Jack，内容包括：
1. 叙述你在此活动中的经历；
2. 你的感受；
3. 询问Jack所在社区“垃圾分类”情况。
注意：字数100-120；开头和结尾已提供，不计入字数。
文明城市 a civilized city 垃圾分类 garbage sorting 宣传单 leaflet
3．假定你是某国际学校的学生李华。你市正在实施垃圾分类，请你给21st Century投稿。内容包括：
1.垃圾分类的好处；
2.你打算如何做；
3.你的倡议。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
4．现在，你们学校积极参与垃圾分类活动，请你为学校的英语报写一篇简讯，介绍此项活动，内容包括：
1. 活动情况；
2. 做法介绍；
3. 一点感想。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 标题已给出，不计入单词总数。
Waste Classification
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5．目前中国许多城市正在推行垃圾分类。最近英语课上，你们班就“垃圾分类”这一话题展开了一场讨论。请你根据以下提示用英语写一篇演讲稿，介绍讨论结果并发表你的观点。
大部分赞成 1. 减少污染，保护环境； 2. 方便回收。
少部分反对 1. 垃圾量大，分类困难； 2. 不清楚如何分类。
你的观点 1. …… 2. ……（至少两点）
注意：
1. 词数120左右，开头和结尾已写好，不计入总词数；
2. 可以适当发挥，以使行文连贯；
3. 作文中不得提及考生所在学校和本人姓名。
参考词汇： 回收 recycle
Ladies and gentlemen, Recently our class had a discussion about sorting waste.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That' all. Thank you!
6．假定你是来自校环保协会的James，关注到学校最近环境污染严重。请给全体同学写一封信，呼吁所有同学一起行动起来保护校园环境，内容包括：
1. 关注到的垃圾污染问题；
2. 呼吁同学们采取的行动；
3. 表达决心和希望。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头和结尾语已经为你给出，但不计入词数。
Dear students,
I’m James from the school Environmental Association.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
James
7．假设你是李华，你校英文校报计划举行“妥善处理口罩，共创卫生校园”的活动，正在针对该活动征集倡议信。请你写一封倡议信投稿。内容包括：
1.乱扔口罩的现象；
2.乱扔口罩的危害及应对措施；
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
8．今年，你所在的城市开展垃圾分类活动，学校广泛宣传，你和同学都积极参与到此项活动中。请你为班级英语角写一篇短文，介绍此项活动，内容包括:
1.基本情况；
2.具体做法；
3.个人感受。
注意:
1.词数100左右；
2.题目以为你写好。
题目:Waste Classification
9．假设你是红星中学高二学生李华，你的英国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他对北京正在实行的垃圾分类 (garbage classification) 很感兴趣。他向你咨询相关信息，请给他回信。内容包括：
1．垃圾分类的益处；
2．你周边的实施情况；
3．你的感受。
参考词：recyclable, kitchen waste, harmful waste, other waste
注意：1．词数不少于50；
2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
I’m glad to hear that you’re interested in garbage classification in Beijing
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
10．假定你是李华，受学生会委托，围绕“垃圾分类，保护环境”这一主题，为学校宣传栏“英语天地”写一封倡议书，内容包括:
1. 倡议的原因和目的；2. 倡议的具体内容；3. 发出倡议。
注意:1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使全文连贯。
参考词汇:垃圾分类garbage sorting；区分differentiate
Dear friends，
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．Dear friends,
There is a phenomenon that our school has produced an ocean of rubbish, such as leftovers, waste paper and plastic bottles, which brings serious environmental problems. Therefore, it’s time that we should take immediate action to change the situation.
First of all, priority should be given to the good habit of garbage sorting, thus paving the way for sustainable development. What’s more, what is strongly preferred is that we should voluntarily differentiate recyclable rubbish from non-recyclables in our daily life.
In a word, if everyone does his or her bit responsibly in garbage sorting, our school will become a more promising and environmental school.
The Students’ Union
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生围绕“垃圾分类进校园，环境保护在身边”这一主题为学校宣传栏写一封倡议书。
1.词汇积累
首先：first of all→first and foremost
因此：therefore→thus
此外：what’s more→besides
总之：in a word→to sum up
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：First of all, priority should be given to the good habit of garbage sorting, thus paving the way for sustainable development.
拓展句：First of all, we should give priority to the good habit of garbage sorting so that we can pave the way for sustainable development.
2．Dear Jack,
In order to deal with waste scientifically and effectively, our city started to promote garbage sorting last weekend. As a responsible citizen, I tried to learn a lot of basic knowledge about how to sort garbage and applied what I have learned to practice. Meanwhile I told people around me about the importance and necessity of the program, which inspired them to sort garbage voluntarily.
I approve of the activity completely because it can not only reduce the harm done to the environment but also save resources through recycling. I believe that through joint efforts the earth will become a cleaner and more comfortable place to live in.
What about your community Does your community promote garbage sorting Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的身份，写一封信给你的新西兰朋友Jack，介绍社区开展的“垃圾分类”志愿者活动。
1.词汇积累
处理：deal with→handle
分类：sort→classify
重要性：importance→significance
支持：approve of→go along with
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：In order to deal with waste scientifically and effectively, our city started to promote garbage sorting last weekend.
拓展句：Our city started to promote garbage sorting last weekend in order that we could deal with waste scientifically and effectively.
3．Garbage Classification
In order to deal with waste scientifically and effectively, our city has started to promote garbage classification this year. I approve of the new idea completely because it can not only reduce the harm done to the environment but also save resources through recycling.
As a responsible citizen, I'll try to learn basic knowledge about how to sort garbage and apply what I learn to practice. Meanwhile I'll tell people around me about the importance and necessity of the program, which will inspire them to classify garbage voluntarily.
Let's get involved in this program.I believe that through joint efforts the earth will become a cleaner and more comfortable place to live in.
1.词汇积累
处理：deal with→handle
赞同：approve of→go along with
重要性：importance→significance
加入：get involved in→participate in
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：In order to deal with waste scientifically and effectively, our city has started to promote garbage classification this year.
拓展句：Our city has started to promote garbage classification this year in order that we can deal with waste scientifically and effectively
4． Waste Classification
Recently, our school is carrying out a program, which calls on everyone to throw rubbish into the right dustbin according to the four categories. Teachers and students take part in the program actively.
We are required to sort garbage into different categories such as harmful waste, recyclables and kitchen waste, each of which is supposed to be thrown into a different bin. At first, we find it difficult to sort waste in a correct way. But with the help of our teachers, we are doing a much better job now.
I think waste classification is environmentally friendly. In the long run, the result is well worth our efforts.
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生为学校的英语报写一篇简讯，介绍学校的垃圾分类活动。
1.词汇积累
参加：take part in→participate in
应该做某事：be supposed to do→be expected to do
起初，一开始：at first→at the beginning
在某人的帮助下：with the help of sb.→with sb’s help
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：At first, we find it difficult to sort waste in a correct way.
拓展句：At first, we find that sorting waste in a correct way is difficult.
5．One possible version:
Ladies and gentlemen,
Recently our class have had a discussion about sorting waste. Opinions differ among us. Most of the students consider waste sorting should be carried out immediately across the county. It is a good way to reduce pollution and protect the environment, thus creating a better place to live in. In addition, this practice makes it easier to recycle waste. However, others believe there is no need to do so. With the amount of waste growing sharply, there is great trouble in sorting waste. Besides, some find it difficult to sort waste in a correct way.
As far as I'm concerned, sorting waste is good for both nature and human beings. It not only saves energy but also turns waste into wealth. Every one of us should be aware of the importance of sorting waste.
That’s all. Thank you!
1. 词汇积累
观点：opinion→view
因此：thus→hence
然而：however→nevertheless
另外：besides→moreover
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：With the amount of waste growing sharply, there is great trouble in sorting waste.
拓展句：As the amount of waste grows sharply, there is great trouble in sorting waste.
6．Dear students,
I’m James from the school Environmental Association.
Recently, I have noticed that there is a lot of rubbish pollution in our school. For example, some students throw away disposable lunch boxes, plastic bags and water bottles at will. We need to realize that this is very bad behavior, which will not only damage the environment, but also affect our health.
We call on students to take actions to put an end to garbage pollution and build a beautiful campus. First, sort the rubbish and put it in the dustbin. Secondly, try to use less disposable lunch boxes and plastic bags. Then, when eating, choose the right amount of meals to avoid waste, resulting in kitchen waste. Finally, if you find garbage, please clean it up in time.
I believe that with our joint efforts, our campus will soon take on a new look. Let's all do our part.
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求假定你是来自校环保协会的James，关注到学校最近环境污染严重。请给全体同学写一封信，呼吁所有同学一起行动起来保护校园环境。
1.词汇积累
注意：notice→pay attention to
例如：for example→such as
随意：at will→at random
意识到：realize→understand
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：We call on students to take actions to put an end to garbage pollution and build a beautiful campus.
拓展句：We call on students to take actions to put an end to garbage pollution , which will build a beautiful campus.
7．Dear schoolmates,
Recently I have noticed that some students throw away abandoned masks causally and the campus has been littered with discarded masks everywhere. Littering masks may cause unimaginable consequences, such as the spread of infectious diseases and great harm to the environment.
So how to deal with the abandoned masks is our top priority. First of all, a unified collection should be carried out and a fixed recycling can for masks should be placed. Furthermore, it is necessary to disinfect the garbage cans to prevent the spread of harmful germs effectively.
It’s time for our school to launch a campaign to teach students how to dispose of the masks properly and keep our campus clean and tidy. Let's get started!
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生为校英文校报计划举行的“妥善处理口罩，共创卫生校园”活动写一封倡议信投稿，分析乱扔口罩的现象及危害，给出应对措施。
1. 词汇积累
废弃的：deserted→abandoned
结果：result→consequence
固定的：settled→fixed
开展一项活动：carry out an activity→launch a campaign
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Furthermore, it is necessary to disinfect the garbage cans to prevent the spread of harmful germs effectively.
拓展句：In addition, trash cans should be disinfected so that the spread of harmful bacteria can be prevented effectively.
8．This year, our city is carrying out a program, which called on everyone to throw rubbish into the right dustbin according to the four categories. Teachers and students in our school takes part in the activity actively.
In order to protect our environment, the waste classification activity was launched last month in our city. People are required to sort garbage into different categories such as harmful waste, recyclables and kitchen waste, each of which is supposed to be thrown into a different bin. At first, people are confused about which category the rubbish belonged to, but with the help of the posters, we're doing a much better job now.
Waste Classification is environmentally friendly. In the long run，the result is well worth our efforts. Let's work together to make our city more beautiful!
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生为班级英语角写一篇短文，介绍垃圾分类活动，内容包括：基本情况；具体做法；个人感受。
1.词汇积累
参加：take part in→ participate in
从长远角度看：in the long run→ in the long term
在……帮助下：with the help of→ with the aid/assistance of
共同努力：work together→ make joint effort
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：In the long run, the result is well worth our efforts. Let's work together to make our city more beautiful!
拓展句：In the long run, the result is well worth our efforts, so Let's work together to make our city more beautiful!
9．One possible version:
Dear Jim,
I’m glad to hear that you’re interested in garbage classification in Beijing. I am writing to introduce it to you.
Garbage classification has lots of benefits. Not only is it beneficial to people’s living environment but also it helps us make good use of the limited natural resources.
For that, Beijing has made a policy on garbage classification, which is warmly welcomed. Most families in our community buy garbage cans based on the four main categories: recyclables, kitchen waste, harmful waste and other waste, and sort them carefully before taking them outside. Besides, volunteers stand by the garbage area to help residents put the different kinds of garbage into the right cans. What’s more, to encourage more people to take part in this activity, the community give some rewards such as green plants/greenery to those who do well in garbage classification at the end of each month.
I find it important and worthwhile to classify waste. As members of the global village, we should love and protect our environment. I will continue learning to make my hometown a better place. If you have any questions, please contact me.
Best wishes,
Yours,
Li Hua
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国朋友写封回信，介绍关于北京正在实行的垃圾分类的举措。
1. 词汇积累
有益的：helpful→beneficial
类别：sort/class→category
充分利用：make the most/best of→make good use of
根据，基于：according to→based on
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I find it important and worthwhile to classify waste.
拓展句：I think it's important and worthwhile to separate the waste.
10．Dear friends,
Our school produces a lot of rubbish every day, such as leftover food, waste paper and plastic bottles, which brings a wide range of environmental problems as well as the waste of resources. Therefore, it's time that we took immediate action to change the situation.
　　First of all, it is necessary for us to raise awareness of environmental protection and develop the good habit of garbage sorting. What's more, we should voluntarily differentiate recyclable rubbish from non-recyclables in our daily life.
In a word, if everyone does his/her bit responsibly in garbage sorting, our school will become better and better.
The Students Union
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生围绕“垃圾分类，保护环境”这一主题，为学校宣传栏“英语天地”写一封倡议书。
1.词汇积累
垃圾：litter→ rubbish / garbage/waste
剩饭：waste food →leftover food
大量的：a lot of →a wide range of
分类：separate… from… →differentiate … from …
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Therefore, it's time that we took immediate action to change the situation.
拓展句：Since not-well organized rubbish can have so many bad effects on our daily life, it's time that we took immediate action to change the situation.

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