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江苏省镇江市三年（2020-2022）中考英语真题分题型分层汇编
06阅读补全短文
一、阅读补全短文
（2022·江苏镇江）People use colour expressions to show their feelings and describe the world. Many colour-related phrases are common in our speech. Let’s see where they came from.
The Blues
The phrase is a short form of “the blue devils”, which also stands for sad feelings. This expression is also used to describe a type of jazz music that became popular in the south of America in the 1940s.
Black Sheep of the Family
The phrase refers to a member of a family or a group who is unacceptable. In the old days, the black sheep were sold at a lower price than the white ones at the market, because their fleece(羊毛) could not be coloured. This made the black sheep an unwelcome member of the group.
A Red-letter Day
A Red-letter Day is a day when something really exciting and memorable(难忘的) happens. It came from the practice of marking special western days, holidays, or other festivals in red on the calendar. Today, some calendars still use red numbers for special holidays, even weekends.
Green with Envy
Writers such as Shakespeare in the 16th century used the colour green to stand for envy, but it was the Greeks who connected it with sickness caused by envy. When a person was full of envy, his or her body produced too much bile(胆汁), giving his or her skin a greenish colour. That is green with envy.
阅读以上信息，用恰当的单词完成下面的短文，每空一词。
People use colours to express their feelings and describe the world. Many colour-related phrases are often ____1____ in our speech. For example, the Blues not only represents ____2____ but also refers to a type of popular jazz music. The expression Black Sheep of the Family means an unwelcome member of a family or a group. In the past, it was impossible to colour the fleece of the black sheep, so the black sheep were ____3____ less money than the white ones at the market. A Red-letter Day came from the practice of marking a special day in red on the calendar when that day ____4____ remembering. Green with Envy appeared because the Greeks believed that the colour green had ____5____ to do with sickness caused by envy. Later writers began to use green for envy.
（2021·江苏镇江）While dogs are the most popular household pet, cats run a close second. Cats are not often noticed by people choosing a new four-legged friend. An animal expert explains why they make fantastic pets.
Cats VS Dogs It seems that many people prefer dogs to cats. Often people who grew up with dogs find it difficult to imagine owning and loving cats. But they can be surprised to learn how friendly and responsive cats are.
Good points of keeping cats Cats are always in small size. They can be a great pet choice for people with limited space and busy lifestyles. They don’t have the exercise requirements like dogs. Besides, they are quiet and clean. In a word, cats are low maintenance and happy to be left alone indoors. Cats can be very playful and interactive with children and offer them chances to learn to care for another, living being.
Keeping dogs and cats together Dogs and cats become great companions(伙伴), especially if they are raised at the same time. They can become friends with each other, the younger, the better.
Help to decide If you’ve never actually owned a cat, but are thinking of it, talk to cat owners, or offer to house-sit for a cat owner. You could visit an animal centre and interact with cats. It helps decide whether you might enjoy their companionship. You may be surprised to discover how wonderful cats really are.
阅读以上信息，用恰当的单词完成下面的短文，每空一词。
Though it seems that there are more dog lovers than cat lovers, an animal expert tells some ____6____ of keeping cats. If people keep cats as pets, they must be surprised to find they are friendly and pared with dogs, cats have some ____7____. They are quiet and clean. Also they need less space and are ____8____ to look after, while dogs always need to be walked. Dog lovers can also raise cats as dogs’ companions when they are young. Besides, keeping cats can ____9____ children’s sense of caring for other living beings: The ____10____ of the following activities help you decide to keep cats, like talking to cat owners or visiting an animal centre and interacting with cats.
（2020·江苏镇江）Friends bring joy and fun to our life. To most of us, it's always easy to make friends but hard to go on one more step closer to our friends. The tips below will help you.
● Be yourself with your friends
Sometimes your friends may find out that your true personality is completely different from what they thought it was. In order not to make them lose trust in you, find some proper time to tell them what you really often do and like to do. And they may understand you.
● Get through the difficult times with small tricks
People never know what kind of chocolate they are going to taste. It is true of life. When your friends taste the bad one, why not tell something funny about yourself, like "Am I like a round ball " Hearing this, your friends may be happy again. The best friends may not always agree with each other and even have few words for days. Some small tricks like telling jokes or calling him or her nickname(绰号) may help you get along with your friends better.
● Find proper ways to communicate warmly
There is no doubt that people like to communicate with their close friends as often as possible. Remember those special days in your friends' lives. Sometimes you book a table to help celebrate your friend's birthday, but when you call her, she tells you her birthday is not that day. Don't make it happen and remember the exact date. Having regular activities also provides good chances to meet and chat with your friends. Make sure your friends will come and have fun.
阅读以上信息，用恰当的单词完成下面的短文，每空一词。
If you want to build a stronger friendship, please read the following suggestions. First, remember to be honest and open with your friends, and let your friends know your habit and ___11___ . Second, life is full of ups and downs. When your friends are unhappy, you can tell something funny about the shape of your own ___12___ to cheer them up. You can play small tricks when your friends and you are not in ___13___ . Third, it's always meaningful to contact your friends often. Every important day in your friend's life counts. Make sure the date you remember is ___14___ your friend's important day. What's more, organize some activities and invite your friends join you. In a word, the tips above can ___15___ , and your friendship will last forever.
参考答案：
heard或used或found
sadness或unhappiness
worth
needed或required
something
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍许多与颜色相关的短语。
根据“People use colour expressions to show their feelings and describe the world. Many colour-related phrases are common in our speech.”可知，人们用颜色表达他们的感情和描述世界，许多与颜色相关的短语在我们的口语中很常见。故填heard/used/found。
根据“The phrase is a short form of “the blue devils”, which also stands for sad feelings.”可知，“The blue devils”代表悲伤的感情。在动词后作宾语，用名词形式，故填sadness/unhappiness。
根据“In the old days, the black sheep were sold at a lower price than the white ones at the market”可知，过去，在市场上，黑羊比白羊卖得便宜。be worth...“价值……”，故填worth。
根据“A Red-letter Day is a day when something really exciting and memorable(难忘的) happens.”可知，“A Red-letter Day”是发生一些真正令人兴奋和难忘的事情的日子，所以是那些需要记得的日子，用于被动语态结构中。故填needed/required。
根据“Writers such as Shakespeare in the 16th century used the colour green to stand for envy, but it was the Greeks who connected it with sickness caused by envy.”可知，16世纪的莎士比亚等作家用绿色来代表嫉妒，但希腊人把它与嫉妒引起的疾病联系在一起。所以绿色与嫉妒引起的疾病有关，have something to do sth“与……有关”。故填something。
causes/ reasons
advantages
easier
develop/form
experiences
【解析】
【分析】
本文主要介绍了养猫的好处，并提供了一些参考建议让你决定是否养猫。
根据“An animal expert explains why they make fantastic pets.”可知，动物专家解释了为什么养猫的原因，cause或reason都表示“原因”，some修饰名词的复数形式，故填causes/ reasons。
根据“ They are quiet and clean. Also they need less space”可知，这些都是养猫的优势，advantage“优势，优点”，some修饰名词的复数形式，故填advantages。
根据“They can be a great pet choice for people with limited space and busy lifestyles”可知，猫更容易照顾，根据“less”可知，此处应填形容词easy的比较级，故填easier。
根据“Cats can be very playful and interactive with children and offer them chances to learn to care for another, living being”可知，养猫可以培养孩子们关心其他生物的意识，develop或form表示“培养”，情态动词can后接动词原形，故填develop/form。
根据“like talking to cat owners or visiting an animal centre and interacting with cats”可知，这些活动经历有助于你决定是否养猫，experience表示“经历”，此空应填复数名词，故填experiences。
hobby/hobbies/interest(s)/likes
body
agreement
exactly
work
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述建立友谊的三点技巧和方法。
句意：第一，记得对你的朋友诚实和坦诚，让你的朋友知道你的习惯和兴趣爱好。
根据and可知此处填名词与habit并列。根据“tell them what you really often do and like to do”告诉他们你经常做的事情和喜欢做的事，可知此处用名词hobby，或者hobbies，或者interests，或者likes表示“兴趣爱好”。故答案为hobby/hobbies/interest(s)/likes。
句意：当你的朋友不开心的时候，你可以告诉他们一些关于你体型的有趣的事情，让他们高兴起来。
根据“When your friends taste the bad one, why not tell something funny about yourself, like ‘Am I like a round ball ’”可知此处在讲自己身体的体型像圆球一样，此处用名词body。故答案为body。
句意：当你的朋友和你意见不一致的时候，你可以耍一些小把戏。
根据“The best friends may not always agree with each other and even have few words for days. Some small tricks like telling joke s or calling him or her nickname may help you get along with your friends better”最好的朋友不会总是同意对方的观点，一些小的把戏可能帮助你和朋友相处的更好。此处用“not always agree with”的近义表达“be not in agreement”表示“意见不一致”。故答案为agreement。
句意：确保你记得的日期是你朋友的重要日子。
根据“Don't make it happen and remember the exact date”记住准确地日期，此处用副词exactly。故答案为exactly。
句意：总而言之，上面这些技巧能起作用，你们的友谊会长存。
情态动词can后面用动词原形。根据第一段“The tips below will help you”这些技巧会帮助你，此处用不及物动词work表示“起作用”。故答案为work。

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