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(共20张PPT)
The Attributive Clause
定语从句
Learning Aims:
1. To summarize and review the
Attributive Clause.
2. To master The Attributive Clause.
一、定语
定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。
修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。
his desk Tom’s father
a beautiful city three teachers
women teachers in the room above
a developing country
a developed country
There is nothing to do today.
an article about how to learn English
a city which is beautiful
物主代词
形容词
名词
现在分词
过去分词
不定式
介词短语
从句
名词所有格
数词
副词
二 定语从句
1. 含义
修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。
定语从句一般紧跟在所修饰的名词或代词之后。
Mary is a girl who has long hair.
修饰girl
This is the classroom where we study.
修饰classroom
2. 如何改写成定语从句？
写法：
　　 ①找出两个简单句的共有成分；
　　 ②将从句中的共有成分去掉；
　　 ③用关系词引导剩下的从句，并紧接在被修饰词之后．
I love the girl. The girl has long hair.
I love the girl who has long hair.
先行词
关系词
定语从句
Mary is a girl who has long hair.
Mary is a girl who has long hair.
Mary is a girl who has long hair.
3. 相关术语
关系代词
关系副词
which, who, whom, whose, that, as
Where, when, why
5. 关系代词
Look at the kites which are flying in the sky.
The pen which I’m using is pretty good.
The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.
The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher.
Who’s the boy that is reading a book
Can you show me the photo that you like best
I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.
The house whose windows are closed is mine.
which：指物，作主语或宾语
who：指人，作主语；whom：指人，做宾语
whose：指人或物，做定语
that：指人或物，作主语或宾语
做题技巧：
1. 确定定语从句
2.看先行词是指人还是指物
3. 确定先行词在定语从句中做的成分
4. 确定关系代词
The boys ______are playing football are from Class One.
Football is a game ___________is liked by most boys.
who
which/ that
1. Those _______ want to go to the museum must be at the
school gate at 7 tomorrow morning.
2. Yesterday I helped an old man ______ had lost his way.
3. Mr. Liu is the person ______ you talked about on the bus.
4. Li Ming is just the boy ______ I want to see.
5. The factory _____ makes computers is far away from here.
6. He likes to read books ______ are written by Shakespeare.
7. This is the pen _______ he bought yesterday.
who
who
whom
whom
Which/ that
Which/that
Which/ that
8. The number of people ______ come to visit this
city each year reaches one million.
9. Where is the man ______ I saw this morning
10. The season _____ comes after spring is summer.
11. I visited a scientist ______ name is known all
over the country.
12. Do you like the book ______ cover is yellow
13. The classroom ______ door is broken will soon
be repaired.
who
whom
Which/ that
whose
whose
whose
Could you still remember the time when the train left
This is the factory where my father works
Do you know the reason why he was late for school
when the train left
the time
the factory
where my father
works
the reason
why he was
late for school
when
where
why
（指时间，作状语）
（指地点，作状语）
（指原因，作状语）
6. 关系副词
1. The reason ___________ he gave us sounded reasonable.
2. I don’t know the reason _______ he quarreled with you.
3. I’ll never forget the day ___________ we spent together.
4. I’ll remember the day _________ we stayed together.
5. This is the hotel ____________ we visited last year.
6. This is the hotel _________ Lincoln once lived.
总结：
关系代词和关系副词的选择关键看关系词
在定语从句中做的成分而定。
why
that/which
that/which
when
that/which
where
关系代词和关系副词的区别
1. The reason ___________ he gave us sounded reasonable.
2. I don’t know the reason _______ he quarreled with you.
3. I’ll never forget the day ___________ we spent together.
4. I’ll remember the day _________ we stayed together.
5. This is the hotel ____________ we visited last year.
6. This is the hotel _________ Lincoln once lived.
总结关系词的用法：
关系词在定语从句中做_________________时，用关系代词(which, who, whom, that, whose)引导定语从句。
关系词在定语从句中做_________时，用关系副词(when, where, why)引导定语从句。
主语、宾语、或定语
状语
当先行词是case, condition, situation, position, point, stage, degree，occasion等词，表示情况、方面、处境时用关系副词where。
He had to face the condition where pressure was heavy.
They have reached the point where they have to separate with each other.
It’s helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselves differently.
当先行词是case, condition, situation, position, point, stage, degree，occasion等词，表示情况、方面、处境时用关系副词where。
that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下, 一般用that而不用which。
I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow.
I’ve read all the books that are not mine.
This is the first book (that) he has read.
This is the very book that belongs to him.
(1) 先行词为all, everything, nothing, something,
anything, little, much 等不定代词时。
(2)先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等
修饰时。
(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。
(4)先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。
7. that 和 which 的区别：
(5) 先行词同时指人和指物时，用that。
(6)先行词是who或who引导的主句。
Who is the girl that drove the car
Who that broke the window will be punished.
(7)当先行词是which时，关系代词用that.
Which is the book that you bought last week
(8)当先行词在定语从句中作be表语时，关系代词用that.
She isn’t the girl that she was 10 years ago.
(9)主句以There be 引导时
There are 200 people that didn’t know the thing.
下列情况不能使用that,而用which
① that 不能引导非限制性定语从句
Football, which is a very interesting game, is played all over the world.
② that不能置于介词之后（介词后指物用which,指人用whom）
The person ________I am speaking just now is our English teacher.
The prize ________he worked so hard was a new bicycle.
to whom
for which
4. 分类
限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句
分割性定语从句
定语从句
Mary is a girl who has long hair.
Last night I saw a very good film, which was about the Long March.
She is doing experiments in the lab which are important to her research.
1) 限定性定语从句: 紧跟先行词无逗号和主句隔开
2) 非限定性定语从句: 有逗号与先行词隔开
3) 分隔定语从句: 定语从句和先行词间有其他成分隔开
1. God helps those who help themselves.
自助者天助之。
2. He who laughs last laughs best.
谁笑到最后，谁笑的最好。
3. He who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man.
不到长城非好汉。

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