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第二讲　读通两大线索　贯通情节感情
　　故事类记叙文有两条线索，一是情节(plot)发展线索，二是感情(feeling)发展线索。通常情况下，随着情节的发展，文章的人物感情会随之产生变化。所以，对情节的整体把握就离不开对人物感情发展的分析。两条线索既相对独立又相互交融，所以，在梳理时，可以将两条线索互相参照，互相贯通。
　　按照情节发展的顺序，同时提取表示情感的词汇、句型及表达，进而获取感情的发展方向。
　　特别关注情节发展的高潮，也是情感的最大变化。这是记叙文的核心，往往也是最大冲突的爆发点和续写的基础。
叙事模式
一般情况下，在读后续写提供的语篇中，已经出现了三个部分：开始(Beginning)、上升部分(Rising Action)、高潮(Climax)。需要续写的两段分别对应下降部分(Falling Action)和结尾(Ending)。
情节山(Plot mountain)
　　一般情况下，可以采用情节山(Plot mountain)的方式整理文章脉络，阐释文章的情节发展。如下图：
　　通过绘制情节山，可以梳理文章脉络，为下一步的续写做好准备和铺垫。
[典题示例]
阅读下面的材料，完成以下任务。
　　Maria was practicing with her soccer mates in a tiny school yard. They were all from River Edge Rockers, a soccer team of their community. Suddenly, the ball flew into a deep hole at the edge of the yard. It was the third time that they had lost their ball this month. Without the ball Maria had to wave goodbye to her mates and went home, depressed. “Only there were a regulation soccer field！” she thought.”
　　That evening, seeing her low spirits; her father asked, “What was the matter, dear？”
　　“I was just thinking about playing in a brand-new soccer field！” Maria answered.
　　Her father smiled and said: “Tomorrow, a Town Council meeting is to be held to discuss about the use of that vacant (空着的) lot next to the pet store: Home for Pets. Why not take this opportunity to convince them we need a better field？”
　　The next day, with the company of her father, Maria and her teammates went to the meeting hall. On their arrival they saw Councilwoman Jill and some citizens already there. They took their seats. After Jill announced the start of the discussion, Maria stood up and spoke first. “Up till now there is no soccer field in our community, which certainly affects our physical health. Our team currently have to practice in a tiny school yard, and only when it's not already booked.”
　　Mrs. Lorries, owner of the pet store, commented, “I couldn't agree more. Kids do need such a field.” The Rockers applauded excitedly and the other citizens all agreed it would be a way out.
　　“A soccer field would be a good use for that lot with overgrown weeds and some large rocks, but to build such one would need a small sum of money and maybe you even need to do all the work on your own.” Councilwoman Jill smiled, “Can you manage it？”
　　Thinking for a while, Maria nodded with a determined look on her face, “The Rockers can do it! We will turn it into a soccer field.” The teammates all cheered.
[解题技法]
1．情节线索与感情线索的发展
结构(Structure) 情节发展(Plot Development) 感情发展(Feeling Development)
开始(Beginning) 故事的开端 Paragraph ___ Maria and her soccer mates wanted ____________________. Only there were a regulation soccer field！
用______句表示玛丽亚(Maria)对现在球场的____________和对新球场的______。
1
a regulation soccer field
感叹
不满/失望
渴望
结构(Structure) 情节发展(Plot Development)
上升部分(Rising Action) 故事的发展 Paragraphs _____
Maria's father suggested _______________________________________.
The next day, _____________ Jill, Mrs. Lorries, _______________________ and other citizens _______ on the meeting.
But to build a regulation soccer field would need _____________________ and even need ______________________________________________.
文章最大的冲突(conflict): 宠物店旁边的空地可以用作新球场，但是必须由玛丽亚和她的队员们自己筹钱并且自己动手改造。
2－7
using the vacant lot next to the pet store
Councilwoman
owner of the pet store
agreed
a small sum of money
to do all the work by Maria and her teammates
感情发展(Feeling Development)
...seeing her low spirits...
说明玛丽亚对旧球场的____________。
Her father smiled and said...
说明爸爸对玛丽亚的____________。
I couldn't agree more.
此处应用了________________＝最高级，表明劳里丝夫人对玛丽亚的______。
Kids do need such a field.
此处应用了“do＋动词”表示对__________的强调，表明劳里丝夫人对玛丽亚的______。
The Rockers applauded excitedly...
表明了队员们的______之情。
Jill smiled...表明了吉尔对玛丽亚的______。
不满/失望
支持和疼爱
否定词＋比较级
支持
谓语动词
支持
兴奋
支持
结构(Structure) 情节发展(Plot Development) 感情发展(Feeling Development)
高潮(Climax) 故事的高潮Paragraph ___Maria and her teammates ________________ accept the challenge to transform _______________ into a regulation soccer field. 高潮：玛丽亚和队友们_____接受挑战。 Maria nodded with a determined look on her face...
表明了玛丽亚_________、______的心情。
The teammates all cheered.
表明玛丽亚的队友们同样_________、________的心情。
8
were willing to
the vacant lot
乐意
下定决心
坚定
下定决心
坚定
结构(Structure) 情节发展(Plot Development) 感情发展(Feeling Development)
下降部分(Falling Action) 故事的下降(做出合理推测) Maria and her teammates managed to ______ enough money and tried their best to _________ all the difficulties. (做出合理推测)
虽然很___________，但是他们______付出努力和劳动，并且充满了__________。
raise
overcome
辛苦和疲惫
乐意
欢乐
结构(Structure) 情节发展(Plot Development) 感情发展(Feeling Development)
结尾(Ending) 故事的结局(做出合理推测) They __________ in transforming the lot with __________ weeds and some ____________ into a regulation soccer field. (做出合理推测)
虽然很___________，但是他们______付出努力和劳动，并且充满了__________。
succeeded
overgrown
large rocks
辛苦和疲惫
乐意
欢乐
2.情节发展
3．情感发展
01
高效演练 素养提能
　　阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
　　(2022·南京高三质检)Tom appeared on the sidewalk with a bucket of whitewash and a long-handled brush. He stopped by the fence in front of the house where he lived with his Aunt Polly. He looked at it, and all joy left him. The fence was long and high. He put the brush into the whitewash and moved it along the top of the fence. He repeated the operation. He felt it was difficult for him to continue and sat down.
　　He knew that his friends would walk past him and laugh.They would make jokes about his having to work on a beautiful summer Saturday. No one would remain to help. He felt discouraged at this thought.
　　At this dark and hopeless moment, a wonderful idea came to him—to make a man or a boy want a thing, it is only necessary to make the thing difficult to get. Calmly he picked up the brush and started again to whitewash the fence.
　　While Tom was working, Ben Rogers appeared, eating an apple as he walked along the street. When he came to Tom, he stopped.
　　Ben said，“Say—I'm going swimming. Don't you wish you could But of course you'd rather work, wouldn't you Of course you would.”
　　Tom looked at the boy a bit, and said, “Why do you call it work？”
　　“Why, isn't that work？”
　　“Well, maybe it is, and maybe it isn't. All I know is it suits me，” Tom went back to his whitewashing, and answered carelessly.
　　“Oh come now, you don't mean to say you like it？” The brush continued to move.
　　“ Like it Well, I don't see why I shouldn't like it. Does a boy get a chance to whitewash a fence every day？”
　　Tom moved his brush back and forth, looked at the result with the eye of an artist and added a touch here and there. Ben watched every move and got more and more interested. Soon he stopped eating his apple and said, “Say, Tom, let me whitewash the fence a little.”
　　注意：续写词数应为150左右。
　　Tom thought for a moment and was about to agree, but he changed his mind.____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
While Ben worked at the fence in the hot sun，Tom sat under a tree, eating the apple, and planning how to get more help.________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Tom thought for a moment and was about to agree, but he changed his mind. “I can't, Ben. You know Aunt Polly wants the fence to be perfect. It has to be done very carefully. I don't think you can do it well enough，” he said to Ben, who looked a little discouraged. “Oh，Tom, I'll be careful. Please let me have a try. I would like to give you my apple if you agree，” requested Ben. In the end, Tom gave up the brush with unwillingness on his face, but joy in his heart.
While Ben worked at the fence in the hot sun，Tom sat under a tree, eating the apple, and planning how to get more help. Many of his other friends walked past him. Each one came to laugh, but remained to whitewash the fence because they all got interested in it. One by one, they whitewashed the fence, each giving Tom a reward, big or small. If he hadn't run out of whitewash, Tom would have owned everything belonging to his friends. He had a most wonderful and idle(空闲的) Saturday, sitting in the shade and enjoying the rewards that his friends gave him.

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