资源简介

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
中考英语6年（2017-2022）真题加6套模拟题分项汇编（云南专用）
专题04 阅读单选(原卷版)
一、2022年
四、阅读单选
We know many musical instruments well, such as pianos, violins, drums and so on. What about the erhu The erhu is a traditional Chinese instrument. It is the most popular of the huqin family, and it has a long history.
The modern erhu developed from the xiqin, which was played by many ethnic minorities (少数民族) during the Tang Dynasty. In the Song Dynasty, musicians began to use the erhu to perform different kinds of music, and it became quite a popular instrument. With the rise of some forms of folk art, the art of the erhu developed quickly during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. It became an important accompanying (伴奏) instrument in different folk music. At present, it is used in both traditional and modern music, such as in pop, rock and jazz. It has even become a solo (独奏) instrument. One of the most famous musical pieces played on the erhu is Erquan Yingyue.
As the erhu was mainly played by common people and the playing skills were passed down orally (口头地), there are few written records about the erhu that can be found. To study the history and the development of the erhu, historians (历史学者) usually turn to ancient paintings. The earliest pictures of this instrument were found in Yulin Caves and Eastern Thousand Buddha Caves in Gansu Province, where five erhu pictures were discovered on murals (壁画).
31．When did the erhu become a popular instrument
A．In the Tang Dynasty. B．In the Song Dynasty.
C．In the Ming Dynasty. D．In recent years.
32．To study the history of the erhu, historians usually ________.
A．play the most famous erhu pieces B．listen to different kinds of folk music
C．get help from ancient paintings D．read some books about ethnic minorities
33．Which is TRUE according to the passage
A．The huqin belongs to the erhu family.
B．Folk art stops the development of the erhu.
C．People can find plenty of written records about the erhu.
D．The erhu is used in both traditional and modern music now.
34．You may read the passage in the ________ section of a newspaper.
A．culture B．business C．health D．nature
35．The passage mainly talks about ________.
A．the forms of folk music B．the history of the erhu
C．the rise of different dynasties D．the development of Chinese instruments
Wukong, Tiangong, Tianwen… Do you know where the names of Chinese space programs come from
Wukong, the Dark Matter Particle Explorer satellite (暗物质粒子探测卫星), is named after Chinese superhero Monkey King. According to Journey to the West, Monkey King has a pair of sharp eyes which can tell the difference between good and evil. The Wukong satellite is just as sharp-eyed as Monkey King to help scientists search for dark matter in space.
The name of the space station, Tiangong, means “Heavenly Palace”. In Chinese myths, this is the home of Tian Di. Now Tiangong Space Station is a home for Chinese astronauts in space. And China welcomes foreign astronauts to Tiangong so that they can work together.
Tianwen, China’s Mars missions (任务), gets its name from the poem Tianwen by Qu Yuan. Qu Yuan is a well-known poet from ancient China. In Tianwen, he had the questions about the sky, stars, nature, myths and the real world, showing his hunger for truth. Perhaps the Tianwen missions will end up answering some of Qu Yuan’s questions.
If you look into more names of Chinese space programs, you will find that they all have beautiful meanings. We, the Chinese people, have a long-cherished (珍藏已久的) space dream. So the naming of Chinese space programs is taken very seriously.
36．What is the Wukong satellite used for
A．Answering some of Qu Yuan’s questions.
B．Finding the difference between good and evil.
C．Helping scientists search for dark matter in space.
D．Welcoming foreign astronauts to the space station.
37．The underlined word “myths” in Paragraph 3 means “________” in Chinese.
A．诗歌 B．神话 C．谚语 D．传记
38．The name of China’s Mars missions is from ________.
A．Qu Yuan’s poem Tianwen B．an ancient novel
C．ancient Chinese myths D．Journey to the West
39．Why do we take the naming of Chinese space programs seriously
A．We want to land on Mars. B．We want to protect the Earth.
C．We have the hunger for truth. D．We have a dream for space.
40．Which can be the best title for the passage
A．What Beautiful Names B．What a Cherished Star
C．What Excellent Poems D．What a Long Journey
二、2021年
九、阅读单选
There was a young man who was in trouble. He went bankrupt (破产) and his wife went away from him. From then on, failure was all that he had seen. Struggling (斗争) with this, he went into the forest alone. There, he met an old man who had lived there for a long time. He shared his story with the old man and asked “Can you give me one good reason not to give up ”
“Look,” the old man said, “Do you see that fern (蕨类植物) and bamboo there ”
“Yes.” the man answered.
“When I planted the fern and bamboo seeds, I watered them carefully. Within a few days, the fern quickly grew from the land,” the old man went on.
“However, I watered the bamboo seed for years, it still didn’t sprout. But I didn’t give up and continued looking after it. In the fifth year, a small sprout came out of the land. Within six months, the tree grew a hundred feet tall.”
“The little bamboo tree had been growing underground in the past four years, developing a root strong enough for its ground growth (生长) in the fifth year. If it hadn’t done this, it would not be so strong. So you know, all the time you were struggling, you were actually growing strong roots.” the old man said. Finally, the man thanked the old man deeply. Then he left the forest with the hope for life.
51．What happened to the young man
A．He was seriously ill. B．He was badly hurt.
C．He went bankrupt and his wife left him. D．He went to a bank with his wife.
52．The difference between the fern and the bamboo mentioned in the passage is their ________ .
A．weight B．growth C．looks D．colors
53．The underlined word “sprout” in Paragraph 5 means “________” in Chinese.
A．发芽 B．开花 C．枯萎 D．结果
54．The young man felt ________ after hearing what the old man said to him.
A．sad B．disappointed C．hopeful D．nervous
55．Which can be the best title for the passage
A．Practice makes perfect B．The early bird catches the worm
C．Learn to share with others D．Never lose hope when in trouble
When you and your family go out for dinner, do you notice how many dishes you usually order It’s OK if you finish all of them. But if you waste too much food, you need to pay for it.
Last year, China’s top legislature (立法机关) reviewed (审议) a draft law (法律草案) for stopping food waste for the first time. In general, a draft will become law after the top legislature reviews it three times.
According to the draft law, restaurants should tell customers not to order too much. If customers leave too much food uneaten, restaurants can charge (收费) them for food waste. The law also bans (禁止) waiters from encouraging people to order too much food. Some restaurants may use the “N-1” mode for people to order dishes. “N” stands for the number of persons at a table. So if there are six people at your table, you should order just five dishes, which can help people control the amount of dishes in a proper way.
The draft law also asks schools to teach their students to avoid food waste. It also bans TV programs about overeating and overdrinking. Producers of such programs will face a fine of up to 100,000 yuan.
Food waste happens in many places and has long been a big problem around the world. We need to obey the law and refuse to waste food.
56．If customers waste too much food, they ________ .
A．need to pay some money for it B．need to say sorry about it
C．can’t enter the restaurant again D．can leave the restaurant for free
57．According to the “N-1” mode, if 9 persons plan to eat in the restaurant, they need to order ________ dishes.
A．7 B．8 C．9. D．10
58．Which is NOT true according to the passage
A．Students should avoid food waste at school.
B．Programs about overeating will be allowed on TV.
C．Food waste has been a big problem all over the world.
D．Waiters can’t encourage people to order too much food.
59．You may read the passage in ________ .
A．a storybook B．a guidebook C．an advertisement D．a newspaper
60．What does the passage mainly talk about
A．Harm of food waste. B．Importance of healthy food.
C．Law to stop food waste. D．Advantages of stopping food waste.
三、2020年
Yesterday I went to buy a little tree for my father. When I was talking with the cashier(收银员), he asked what I would be doing with this little tree. I explained that it was for my Dad, because he no longer lived at home.
The cashier just stopped and looked at me with the kindest look. He shared with me that his grandfather couldn’t live in their home any longer either because he had Alzheimer’s disease(阿尔茨海默症). So I shared with him that my Dad was on the same journey. We talked about the difficulties because of the illness, not only for those who are ill, but also for their families.
When I was paying for the tree, he said, “Because this is for your Dad, let me see what I can do for you.” He took some coupons(优惠券) from a drawer and reduced my cost by over 60%.
I thanked him for his kindness. We wished each other Merry Christmas and the best hopes for our loved family members.
On the way home I kept thinking of the kindness he offered me. It was truly a moment of “kindness given, kindness received”. I made Dad’s tree more beautiful as soon as I got home. So thankful. So blessed.
31．What’s wrong with the writer’s father
A．He had a bad cold. B．He had a backache.
C．He had Alzheimer’s disease. D．He had a heart problem.
32．When did the story probably happen
A．Before Christmas. B．After Christmas.
C．On the writer’s father’s birthday. D．On the cashier’s grandfather’s birthday.
33．The writer felt ________ when the cashier offered him his kindness.
A．relaxed B．angry C．nervous D．thankful
34．The underlined word “reduced” in Paragraph 3 means “________” in Chinese.
A．增加 B．减少 C．支付 D．给予
35．What is the best title for the passage
A．My Great Dad B．A Christmas Gift for Dad
C．Sharing Is Important D．Face Difficulties Bravely
It might be fun to use your smartphone, but be careful. Too much screen time may be harmful to your health.
First, it is bad for your eyes. A researcher called Sarah Hinkley says the problem comes from the blue light that the screen gives out. Looking at a smartphone for a long time can cause eye strain（劳损）, headaches and dry eyes. So it is a good idea to take a break every 15 minutes when you are working at a computer or using a smartphone.
Second, screen use can do harm to children’s brains. A new study shows that using screens too much can affect（影响） how children’s brains grow. If children use screens for more than one hour a day, they might have lower levels of white matter in their brains. White matter is a key to the development of language and reading skills. So it is wise to cut down the time of children using all kinds of screens.
Third, using screens too much will affect your sleep. According to a study, about 95% of the people between the ages of 13 and 64 use electronics before bed, especially the young people under 20. Doctors say that the light from those electronics at night may make you excited before you go to bed. Then it’s hard for you to get enough sleep. So you’d better turn off smartphones, TVs, and all other screens an hour before your bedtime.
To keep healthy, doctors and researchers strongly advise that you shouldn’t use screens for long hours.
36．The blue light from your screens can cause ________.
A．eyestrain B．headaches C．dry eyes D．all of the above
37．According to the passage, you can’t sleep well because you ________.
A．take a break every 15 minutes B．have lower levels of white matter
C．use screens too much before bed D．are the people from 13 to 64
38．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage
A．Using smartphones for long hours does harm to your eyes.
B．A lot of screen time affects children’s brain growth.
C．The light from electronics at night may make you excited.
D．People of all ages mustn’t use electronics.
39．You may read the passage in ________.
A．a science magazine B．a travel diary C．a guide book D．a novel
40．What is the main idea of the passage
A．The ways to keep healthy. B．The harm of using screens too much.
C．The ways to use screens. D．The advantages of using screens.
四、2019年
第二节
根据短文内容，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。并将所选答案涂到答题卡的相应位置上
A
One day，an 11-year-old girl asked her dad，“What are you going to get me for my 15th birthday ”The father replied，“Don't worry about that We still have plenty of time.”
But on a day after her 14th birthday， she passed out (昏倒)and was rushed to the hospital.The family learned that the girl had a serious heart disease and that she might die.At night， she asked her dad， "Daddy， have they told you that I am going to die " The father replied，“No，you will live as long as anyone else.”She wondered and asked， “How can you be sure ”He smiled to her and said，“I just know it.”
After the girl turned 15， she had a heart transplant(心脏移植手术) .After she came back from the hospital， she found a letter on her bed.It said，“My dearest daughter， one day you asked me what I would give you for your 15th birthday.I wasn't sure then.But now you know that my present to you is my heart."The father had given his heart to his daughter.
Parents are selfless(无私的).They even make great sacrifices to make their children grow up happily.Keep this in mind when you feel angry toward your parents.Always， they 're just doing what they think best for you.
31. The girl had a heart disease when she was
A. ll B. 14 C. 15 D. 16
32. Why did the father say that the girl would live as long as anyone else
A. Because he was a doctor.
B. Because he lied to his daughter.
C. Because the girl's disease was not serious.
D. Because he would try his best to save his daughter.
33. What gift did the father give to his daughter for her 15th birthday
A. His heart. B. A letter. C. Lots of money. D. A birthday party.
34. The underlined word “sacrifices”means in Chinese.
A. 限制 B. 交易 C. 供给 D. 牺牲
35. What's the best title for the passage
A. How to deal with a heart disease.
B. Don't be afraid of death.
C. A special present from a father.
D. Death is not so scary.
B
Have you ever wanted to achieve a goal and ended up doing lots of research on how to achieve it As you learned more and more.it seemed you knew less and less.That is because when you learned a new concept(概念)， you found that there was a lot more to know about it.
Usually， people think they need to get more and more information before trying a new idea There is nothing wrong with learning a lot， but when you let learning get in the way of doing， you will never get going.
One of the best ways to learn is to take action and learn from the results that you get from those actions.Don't be afraid of not being perfect and just take the first step.You will go further than those who are still in preparation.It's good to be prepared， but over-preparation in trying to reach a goal won't get you results.The knowledge and skills that you will need will be picked up along the way.
If a baby wants to learn how to walk， it doesn't do it by just sitting there and thinking about how to walk.The best way for a baby to walk is to actually get up and start walking.Sure it may fall， but with every fall， it learns what is working and what is not and adjusts ( 调整) to it.By doing this over and over， it will finally learn to walk.This is the method you should use when you want to achieve your goals as well.It works.
Learning more is great but if all you're doing is learning and not taking action， it's time to change that， Just take the first step.
36. When you leaned something new， you found there was to know about it.
A. less B. nothing C. everything D. more
37. Which is NOT true according to the passage
A. People need to learn a lot before trying a new idea.
B. One of the best ways to lean is to take action.
C. Learning has nothing to do with doing.
D. Over-preparation is not good for reaching a goal.
38. A baby should when it wants to learn how to walk.
A. get up and start walking
B. sit there and think about how to walk
C. learn from its parents
D. read books about how to walk
39. We can usually read the passage in
A. a storybook B. a newspaper C. an advertisement D. a guidebook
40. The purpose of the passage is
A. to tell us how to learn more
B. to tell us how to be successful
C. to talk about the importance of doing
D. to talk about the importance of learning
五、2018年
第二节 根据短文内容,从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并将所选答案涂到答题卡的相应位置上。
A
China covers large areas and has a great population. Different living habits have always been an interesting topic in the country. Recently, another difference between southern Chinese and northern Chinese became a hot one: the way people shop at markets.
People from southern China say that they always buy what they need for just one or two meals. It is normal for them to buy half of a Chinese cabbage, two potatoes and 0.25 kilograms of beef at a time.
However, one may be laughed at if he does this in the north. Instead, buying vegetables and meat enough for a week is usual. Also, you can buy a small amount (数量) of fruit, such as a single apple or pear, each time in the south. Shop owners even help you peel and cut them. But shop owners in the north hardly offer such service. And many fruits are sold in baskets and boxes.
The difference could be due to the different weather.
Food can be kept for a long time in the north, as it is usually cold and dry there. Many northern Chinese have the habit of storing food, especially for the long winter. But the hot and wet weather in the south makes southern Chinese buy just enough food for one meal or one day, or else the food may go bad.
31. In southern China, people usually buy _____ at a time.
A. a small amount of food
B. a large amount of food
C. enough food for a week
D. a lot of meat and vegetables
32. If you buy fruits in the south, the shop owners may _______.
A. peel and cut them for you
B. laugh at you
C. only sell them in boxes and baskets
D. only sell a single apple or pear
33. Many northern Chinese have the habit of keeping food because ________.
A. the weather is hot and wet
B. food goes bad quickly
C. the weather is cold and dry
D. they live far away from markets
34. The underlined words "due to" mean "_________" in Chinese.
A. 所以
B. 但是
C. 然而
D. 因为
35. Which is the best title for the passage
A. Different Weather in China
B. Different Living Habits in China
C. Southern Chinese and Northern Chinese
D. Southern China and Northern China
B
Every school day, we use schoolbags to carry all of our things to school. They are a big part of our lives. But have you ever thought about the history of the schoolbag
In the Han Dynasty (汉朝), students in old-style private schools used bamboo boxes to carry books to school. People consider the bamboo boxes to be the earliest schoolbags. They were usually two or three layers (层) in the box. Kids put different things like books, brushes, ink stones (砚) and paper in the boxes.
Hundreds of years later, people developed a new kind of schoolbag called the budai, or the "hip-pocket". The budai was lighter than the bamboo box. With the founding (成立) of the People's Republic of China, military rucksacks (军用帆布包) became popular. Many people carried them when they were in school. Ask your grandparents or parents about these bags. Maybe they can tell you about their experiences of carrying them when they were in school.
A new style of schoolbags has appeared in recent years. Many of them have colorful and fashionable designs (时尚的设计) on them, such as pictures of cartoons or pop stars. And they are more comfortable to use. Some students pull wheeled bags filled with heavy textbooks and others carry backpacks.
Schoolbags are still changing. Can you imagine what future schoolbags will be like
36. Schoolbags in the Han Dynasty were made of _______.
A. cloth
B. paper
C. plastic
D. bamboo
37. Which is NOT true according to the passage
A. Military rucksacks were popular in the 1950s.
B. The budai was heavier than the bamboo box.
C. There are some pictures on the new style of schoolbags.
D. Schoolbags have changed a lot.
38. To carry heavy textbooks, students would like to use _______.
A. wheeled bags
B. military rucksacks
C. bamboo boxes
D. the budai
39. We can usually read the article in ________.
A. a letter
B. a guidebook
C. a newspaper
D. a notice
40. The purpose of the article is ______.
A. to tell us how to use schoolbags
B. to explain why we use schoolbags
C. to introduce the importance of schoolbags
D. to introduce the development of schoolbags
六、2017年
四、阅读单选
“Early to bed and early to rise make a man healthy, wealthy and wise.” This is an old English saying. It means that when we go to bed early, we can get up early the next morning. Then we will become healthy. We will also become rich and clever.
This is true. To be healthy, we must have enough sleep. Experts(专家) say that adults should get seven to eight hours of sleep a night. Teenagers need nine to ten hours. And school-aged children may need more than ten hours of sleep. Children who do not have enough sleep can’t do their work very well. They won’t be wise and they may not become wealthy!
We also need exercise. Walking, running, swimming and playing games are all exercise. Exercise keeps us strong. It also helps the blood to move around the body. This is very important. Our blood takes the nutrition(营养) from food to all parts of our body.
The head also needs blood. So exercise that moves the blood to our head helps us think better!
31．If we get up early and go to bed early, we’ll ________.
A．become weak B．have more time C．be healthy D．have more work to do
32．Who needs most hours of sleep to keep healthy
A．Adults B．Teenagers C．Experts D．School-aged children
33．A child ________ when he does not have enough sleep.
A．can’t study well B．will be wise C．will be wealthy D．will be active in class
34．A person needs exercise because ________.
A．he is strong enough B．it helps make him healthy
C．he has a lot of homework to do D．it can bring him much blood
35．Which of the following is NOT TRUE
A．Exercise helps the blood to move. B．Exercise is good for a person’s head.
C．If we have enough blood, we’ll be wise. D．It’s good for us to get up early and go to bed early.
Helping others is a great thing to do. You can learn new things and have fun. There are many ways of helping others in your community. You can help people,animals or the environment. It can make you feel good too! How can you help？
Charities（慈善机构）are organizations that help others,for example, UNICEF or the World Wildlife Fund. You can help charities by giving your time,giving money or giving things that you own. You can also help people or places you know.
Volunteering
Volunteering is when you give your time to help others. It's something which you do not have to do or for which you will not be paid. Some ways of volunteering are：
visiting old people to talk to them or help them.
walking dogs at an animal shelter. （避难所）
cleaning up a park.
Fund raising
Fund raising is when you collect money to help others. Some ways of fund raising are：
making cakes or biscuits to sell.
doing a sponsored（赞助）activity. For example,family and friends give you money if you finish a long walk.
Donating
Donating is when you give your things or money to help others. Some ways of donating are：
giving your old toys or clothes to a charity that helps sick children or poor people.
giving your old books to a library.
giving your money to a charity.
So, what can you do to help others
36．You'll when you help other people.
A．feel uncomfortable B．have a great job C．feel good D．have a hard time
37．How many ways of volunteering are mentioned in the article？
A．Two B．Three C．Four D．Five
38．The underlined word "fund raising" means in Chinese.
A．募款活动 B．慰问活动 C．志愿活动 D．捐物活动
39．Which of the following is a way of donating？
A．Cleaning up a park.
B．Giving your old computer to a charity.
C．Taking care of sick people in hospital.
D．Making pancakes or sandwiches to sell.
40．What is the best title for the passage？
A．Charities. B．Ways of Volunteering. C．A Great Thing to Do. D．Helping Others.
七、2022德宏州一模
九、阅读单选
Stone Castle Castle entry (入场) times:Summer season: (April 1st — September 20th) 9:00 a.m. — 5:30 p.m. every day Winter season: (October 1st — March 31st) 10:00 a.m. — 4:00 p.m. every day Prices: Adult ticket:￡7 Child ticket:￡3 Family ticket:￡17 (2 adults & 2 children between 5 and 15 years old) Buy tickets at the door.You can also buy the tickets on the Internet. Bad weather conditions: Before setting off to the castle, we advise you to visit our website to check that the castle is open. In the event of bad weather, the castle may be closed for safety reasons. A tip about dogs: Dogs are welcome at the castle as long as they are kept on a leash (皮带) at all times.
51．Stone Castle is open for ________ hours in the winter season every day.A．eight and a half B．nine and a half C．five D．six
52．What’s the right time to go to Stone Castle
A．At 9:00 a.m. on March 2nd B．At 6:00 p.m. on February 10th
C．At 10:00 a.m. on September 1st D．At 5:00 p.m. on November 3rd.
53．How much should two adults with three children (all between 5 and 15) pay to visit the castle
A．￡15 B．￡20 C．￡25 D．￡35
54．The castle may be closed the whole day if ________.
A．the weather is bad B．there are no visitors
C．the road is closed D．the castle is damaged
55．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．The castle never closes all year round. B．A child aged 8 can’t visit the castle.
C．There are two ways we can buy tickets. D．Any dogs can’t go into the castle.
Do you know the two lovely mascots You may know the five “Fuwa” dolls from the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. On September 17th of last year, the two lovely mascots first showed on TV. Now, let’s see who they are.
Look at the panda! It looks like an astronaut. It wears an ice shell (冰壳) and looks fat, so we call it “Bing Dwen Dwen”. White is the color of ice and snow. “Bing Dwen Dwen” likes ice sports very much and is good at them. That’s why it is the mascot of 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games.
Do you think the red mascot looks like a lantern The lantern’s name is “Shuey Rhon Rhon”. When the Chinese New Year comes, people always make or buy red lanterns. Red is the color of hope and good luck, so people think their dreams will come true in the new year. “Shuey Rhon Rhon” can give players hope and help them do well in the 2022 Beijing Winter Paralympic Games(残奥会).
Many people in different countries like the two mascots very much, and they show their love for them on the Internet.
56．“Shuey Rhon Rhon” is ________.
A．a panda B．a Fuwa doll C．an ice shell D．a lantern
57．The underlined word “mascots” in Paragraph1 means “________” in Chinese.
A．会歌 B．火炬 C．吉祥物 D．运动员
58．Why do people make or buy red lanterns when the Chinese New Year comes
A．Because it is easy to make red lanterns.
B．Because “Shuey Rhon Rhon” is a mascot.
C．Because people think red lanterns are very lovely.
D．Because people think red lanterns can bring good luck.
59．You may read the passage in ________.
A．a newspaper B．a guide book C．a novel D．an advertisement
60．What’s the best title of the passage
A．The sports in Olympic. B．Two Olympic mascots.
C．2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games. D．2022 Beijing Winter Paralympic Games.
八、2022红河州一模
四、阅读单选
Rural education (乡村教育) has been a big social problem of China recently. Born in a poor family in Hunan province, 34-year-old Hou Changliang knew how hard it is for a child in poor village to get good education. Therefore, he chose to volunteer to teach at Xiangyang primary school in a poor village in Yunnan province from 2017.
There were just three teachers for about 100 students across four classes in Xiangyang primary school. The government wanted to close the school because there are no enough teachers. Shutting down the school meant that the students would have to go to another school far from their homes. Hou’s arrival helped keep the school open.
It is the third village school that Hou has taught at since he graduated from Hunan University in 2011. Before Xiangyang primary school, he had taught in Hechi, Guangxi for four years, and in Bijie, Guizhou province for two years. As a volunteer teacher, he receives a monthly salary of about 800 yuan. This has remained unchanged for the past 10 years. “The longer I stayed in the countryside, the deeper I understood the challenge in rural education. Rural schools need teachers, especially good one.” Hou said, adding that a good teacher can make a real difference in a student’s life and can even change the village.
The good news for village teachers like Hou is that the government has taken action to improve rural education, including sending more teachers to less-developed areas, improving the quality (质量) of rural teachers by training, and improving salary of rural teachers.
“There is still a long way to go to improve rural education. But I do believe it will be better and better.” Hou said.
31．Why did Hou Changliang choose to be a village teacher
A．Because his family is very poor.
B．Because he had to make money.
C．Because he knew the hard situation of rural education.
D．Because the government wanted to close village school.
32．Which of the following is NOT true about Hou Changliang
A．Hou has taught in three village schools before he came to Yunnan.
B．Hou prevented the Xiangyang primary school from closing.
C．Hou’s salary has remained the same in the past 10 years.
D．Hou has been a village teacher for over 10 years.
33．What does the underlined word “salary” in paragraph 3 mean
A．奖金. B．工资. C．现金. D．余额.
34．How does the government improve rural education
A．By sending more teachers to less-developed areas. B．By improving the quality of rural teachers.
C．By improving salary of rural teachers. D．All of the above.
35．What’s the main idea of this passage
A．Some social problems in China. B．A volunteer teacher helps with rural education.
C．The ways to improve rural education. D．Village schools in China.
Humans share the earth with different kinds of wildlife. Humans, plants and animals are connected and depend on each other. They are all important parts of the rich biodiversity (生物多样性) of the earth. However, many kinds of plants or animals are becoming endangered over the past years because of climate (气候) change and human activities.
Humans are one of the main reasons for this. According to a report by the United Nations in 2019, the world’s population has doubled (from 3. 7 to 7. 6 billion) in the past 50 years. Humans have used more than one third of the world’s land and 75 percent of freshwater. Besides, some human activities like cutting down forests and polluting rivers also do harm to the environment. As a result, there are fewer habitats (栖息地) and natural resources (资源) available for animals, as well as more pollution.
To deal with the problem, many countries have taken action. As one of the countries with the richest biodiversity in the world, China has taken an active part in biodiversity protection. The Chinese government has developed laws to protect wildlife and set up a biodiversity monitoring (监测) network. It has also built nature reserves (保护区) with national parks. From January 1, 2019, the first local law about biodiversity protection was developed in Yunnan province. Yunnan lies in the mountains area of Southwest China and it is the area with the richest biodiversity in China and it is also the most successful area in China’s biodiversity protection. For this reason, in 2021, COP 15 was held in Kunming and was a great success.
Biodiversity protection requires efforts from the whole world and China is now playing a leading role in protecting biodiversity, hoping to build a green home for both humans and nature.
36．What can we learn from paragraph 1 about the biodiversity of the earth
A．Humans live on the earth and own the earth.
B．There is no connection between humans, plants and animals.
C．Humans, plants and animals are all important parts of biodiversity.
D．The biodiversity of the earth is mainly influenced by climate change.
37．What caused the fewer habitats and natural resources for animals
A．Climate change. B．Short for freshwater.
C．Environment pollution. D．Doubled population and human activities.
38．What did Chinese government do to protect the biodiversity of the earth EXCEPT
A．Develop laws. B．Set up monitoring network.
C．Build nature reserves. D．Plan trees and save freshwater.
39．Why was Yunnan chosen to hold COP 15
A．Because it lies in the mountains area of southwest China.
B．Because it developed the first local law about biodiversity protection.
C．Because it has the richest biodiversity in China and does well in biodiversity protection.
D．Because it has built nature reserves with national park.
40．What’s the best title for this passage
A．China is working on the protection of biodiversity.
B．Help save the endangered animals.
C．China’s nature reserves with national parks.
D．Human activities do harm to the biodiversity of the earth.
九、2022曲靖市一模
九、阅读单选
Many years ago, I was the owner of a service station and roadhouse (路边旅馆) on the main road to California.
One very cold, wet night at about 3:30 a.m, there was a knock on the front door of our house. A young man, wet from head to foot, explained that he had run out of petrol (汽油) about 30 km up the road. He had left his wife and his two children behind at the car and said he would go back.
After I had filled a can (罐) with petrol, I took him back to his ear where his two-year-old and four-year-old children were both crying, saying that they were cold and hungry. I suggested that he follow me back when his car started again.
Before leaving, I had turned the heater (加热器) on in the roadhouse, so that when we went in, it was nice and warm. While the little ones played and ran around, I prepared bread and butter for the children and hot chocolate for the adults
It was about 5 a.m. before they left. The young man asked me how much he should pay me and I told him that the petrol was $15. He offered to pay more for the “call-out service”, but I didn’t accept it.
About a month later, I received a letter from a large bus company. We had been trying to get the bus company to stop off at our roadhouse for a long time. To my surprise, its owner was just the young man I had helped.
In his letter, he thanked me again and told me that, from then on, all their buses would stop at my service station. In this case, a little bit of kindness was returned with a lot more.
51．According to the passage, it might be ________ that night.
A．sunny B．rainy C．warm D．cool
52．What happened to the young man
A．His car didn’t work because he had run out of petrol.
B．He had no money to buy things he needed.
C．He didn’t want to go back home.
D．He lost his job several days ago.
53．The two-year-old and four-year-old children were crying because ________.
A．they were afraid of darkness B．they missed their father
C．they would be late for the party D．they were cold and hungry
54．What does the underlined phrase “stop off” mean
A．顺便拜访 B．阻止 C．停靠 D．赞助
55．What’s the best title for the passage
A．A Little Kindness Goes a Long Way B．It’s Never Too Late to Learn
C．Helping Others Is Important D．Life is Full of Happiness
Many people are trying to learn a new language. Some of them consider it as a hobby, while others have to learn a language because it is required by their jobs or study. As a foreigner who is really interested in Chinese culture, I like learning Chinese.
It is thought that a person needs to know at least 3,000 Chinese characters to understand most Chinese newspapers. The problem for most foreigners, however, is that knowing 3,000 characters sounds like an impossible task, for many of the Chinese characters look the same. That’s why some people give up halfway. It’s the most difficult part for me, too. But I manage to learn how to write each character by watching videos online. Whenever I saw a character I didn’t know in the street or on a menu, I would just write it down on my phone and then look it up. Slowly I’ve learned the characters that are common in daily life.
It’s also important to listen to Chinese as much as possible. I downloaded (下载) a lot of listening materials onto my phone and listened to them on the way to school, work and even dates with my friends. I also watched a lot of Chinese TV shows and films, where the words are not so difficult and there are always subtitles (字幕). In this way, I’ve also learned how to express myself like a native.
As for speaking, I practice talking about different topics in Chinese when I am cycling around, effectively talking to myself or in my head, thinking through different conversations and scenarios (场景). For example, whenever I was going to a shop, I would think how to say that in Chinese. It helps me to think in a Chinese way, which is really important.
Learning a language is never easy. Basically, I just use every tool on hand and take my learning step by step, and I’m still learning new things to this day!
56．The reason why the writer learns Chinese is that ________.
A．he hopes to move to Beijing, China
B．he has found a job in a big city in China
C．he wants to know more about Chinese culture
D．he would like to taste kinds of delicious Chinese food
57．What’s the most difficult part for the writer to learn Chinese
A．Reading. B．Writing. C．Listening. D．Speaking.
58．How does the writer practice listening
A．By watching Chinese TV shows. B．By watching Chinese movies.
C．By listening to listening materials often. D．All above.
59．Where can you read this passage
A．In a guidebook. B．In a science report.
C．In a newspaper. D．In a movie review.
60．What does the writer want to tell us in the last paragraph
A．It takes time to learn a language.
B．Chinese isn’t as hard as you think.
C．It’s interesting to write Chinese characters.
D．It’s impossible for a foreigner to master Chinese.
十、2022文山州砚山县一模
九、阅读单选
At the age of 16, Einstein always played with a group of mischievous（顽皮捣蛋的）kids. Because he was so busy playing, he didn’t study enough and failed his final exam.
One morning, when Einstein was holding a fishing rod（钓鱼竿）and would go fishing with his friends, his father stopped him and said calmly, “Einstein, you spent so much time playing that you failed your exam. I’m worried about your future.”
“What are you worried about Jack and Robert also failed, but they still will go fishing.”
Then his father told him a story.
“There were two cats playing on a roof. One cat fell down the chimney（烟囱）while holding the other cat. When the two cats climbed out of the chimney, one of the cats had soot（烟灰）on his face, while the other cat’s face was clean. Seeing the dirty cat, the clean cat thought its face must be dirty, so it quickly ran to the river and washed its face. The dirty cat saw the clean cat and thought its face was also clean, so it just swaggered down the street.”
“Einstein, no one can be your ‘mirror’. You have to think for yourself. If you just do what everyone else does, you will never learn.”
Hearing this, Einstein put down his fishing rod and returned to his room. He decided to pay more attention to his studies and less attention to what his friends were doing. This allowed him to be successful.
51．From the passage, we can know that Einstein __________.
A．was not good at maths B．played with mischievous kids
C．didn’t play often D．didn’t take his final exam
52．The underlined word “swaggered” means “__________” in Chinese.
A．大摇大摆地走 B．小心翼翼地走 C．缩头缩脑地走 D．畏首畏尾地走
53．Which of the following is TRUE
A．Both cats washed their faces clean. B．The clean cat didn’t wash its face.
C．The dirty cat washed its face clean. D．Both cats made the wrong decision.
54．Einstein decided to __________ after hearing what his father said.
A．stay at home every day B．pay more attention to his studies
C．make more friends D．give up fishing
55．What can we learn from the passage
A．Don’t play with the mischievous kids.
B．It’s boring to go fishing.
C．Don’t look to others when deciding how to behave.
D．Don’t argue with our parents.
In our daily life, robots are often found to do work that is too dangerous, boring, difficult, or dirty. And we often see kids play with toy robots. But what exactly is a robot There are some important characteristics（特征）that a robot must have.
Sensing: First of all, your robot would have to be able to sense the environment around it. Give your robot sensors（传感器）; light sensors（eye）; touch sensors（hands）, chemical sensors（nose）, hearing sensors（ears）and taste sensors（tongue）.
Movement: A robot needs to be able to move around its environment. It can move on wheels, walk on legs or be driven by small engines（发动机）. A robot can move either the whole body or just parts of it.
Energy: A robot needs to be able to power itself. Some robots might power itself with sunlight, some might with electricity, while others with the battery（电池）. The way your robot gets its energy will depend on what your robot needs to do.
Intelligence: A robot needs some kind of “smarts”. A programmer（程序员）is the person who gives the robot its “smarts”. The robot will have to have a certain way to receive the program so that it knows what it is to do.
56．The chemical sensors may help a robot to __________.
A．see B．catch C．hear D．smell
57．In how many ways can a robot power itself according to the passage
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.
58．From the passage, we can know that __________.
A．a robot can only move the whole body
B．the light sensors may help a robot to hear
C．robots are very useful in our daily life
D．robots often do something easy for us
59．What is the main purpose of the passage
A．To help people understand what a robot is.
B．To tell what a robot can do in our life.
C．To describe the movement of a robot.
D．To introduce the history of robots.
60．You can read the passage in a __________.
A．guide book B．novel C．travel diary D．science magazine
十一、2022玉溪市红塔区一模
四、阅读单选
China has accepted western fashion and technology as it has developed these years, but a lot of young people are turning to the past for their clothes choices and putting on traditional “hanfu”.
As the government encourages the renaissance (复兴) of traditional culture, hunfu is getting more and more popular with the teenagers. Every year, we can enjoy different hanfu shows around the cities. These shows bring us back to the Han dynasty (汉朝). We learn more about the history, culture and beauty from them.
Hanfu hasn’t been in the same style since the Han dynasty. However, this kind of clothes has something in common. They all have large soft robes (袍子), with sleeves that hang down to the knees, so the hands can’t be seen.
In modern China, the hanfu lovers are from history fans, cartoon fans to clothes fans.
“Clothes are the basic part of culture, so both the traditional clothes and modern clothes play the same role in culture,” said Zhang Jun, a famous reporter. “If the people and the country do not even understand our traditional clothes or don’t wear them, how can we talk about other important parts of our culture ”
31．Han fu is getting more and more popular with the teenagers because ________.
A．China has accepted western fashion B．China has accepted western technology
C．China has different hanfu shows D．the government encourages traditional culture
32．Who are hanfu lovers in China nowadays
A．History fans, B．Cartoon fans. C．Clothes fans. D．All of the above.
33．What does the underlined word “sleeves” mean
A．衣领 B．衣袖 C．纽扣 D．拉链
34．According to Zhung Jun, he thinks ________.
A．clothes are not the part of culture B．it’s not necessary for us to wear hanfu
C．clothes help us understand our culture better D．hanfu isn’t so important as modern clothes
35．What does the passage mainly talk about
A．Hanfu and Chinese culture. B．The history of Hanfu.
C．The styles of Hanfu. D．Different hanfu shows.
The year 2022 will be a big year for sports in China. That’s because it held not only the 24th Winter Olympics in Beijing, but also the 19th Asian Games in Hangzhou.
On August 6th, 2018, the official emblem (会徽) for the Hanghou Asian Games was released (发行). The city won the hosting rights for the 2022 Asian Games in 2015. It was the third Chinese city to host the Asian Games after Beijing and Guangzhou in 1990 and 2010.
First held in 1951, the Asian Games is the largest multi-sport event in Asia. It also means a lot to China. The Beijing Asian Games was the first large international sports event to be hosted by China, China News Service reported.
To make the Games a great success, Chinese people worked hard to prepare. Beijing built a great number of roads and gyms, including the famous Beijing Olympic Sports Center and Asian Games Village. The Games helped the world see China and its achievements. Since then, China has improved its global image (国际形象), China Youth Daily reported.
For the 2022 Asian Games, Hangzhou has already started building 33 sports venues (场馆), according to China Youth Daily. The themes (主题) of the Hangzhou Asian Games are “green, smart, economical (节俭) and civilized (文明)”, All the Games’ buildings will be environmentally friendly.
36．Which city will host the 2022 Asian Games
A．Hangzhou. B．Guangzhou. C．Shanghai. D．Beijing.
37．According to the passage, how did the Beijing Asian Games influence China
A．It improved China’s economy(经济).
B．It helped China attract more tourists.
C．Guangzhou built a lot of roads and gyms.
D．It helped the world see China and its achievements.
38．What are the themes of the Hangzhou Asian Games
A．Green, smart, economical and civilized. B．One world, one dream.
C．Better city, better life. D．Together to the future.
39．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE
A．China only held the Winter Olympics in 2022.
B．Hangzhou was the third time to host the Asian Games.
C．The Beijing Asian Games was the first large international sports in China.
D．Hangzhou has built a great number of roads and museums.
40．What is the main idea of the passage
A．How to prepare for the Asian Games.
B．The development of the Asian Games in China.
C．Why China wants to host the 19th Asian Games.
D．How the 19th Asian Games emblem was designed.
十二、2022昭通市巧家县一模
四、阅读单选
The successful people all have certain habits in their daily lives. These habits help them succeed. Maybe forming a new good habit is a struggle, but it is well worth the effort. Here are some steps you can follow to form good habits.
Set your goal. Before you begin to develop your new habit, it is important to think about your goal carefully. Think out exactly what you hope to achieve. And make sure that your goal isn’t too difficult to achieve in order to increase your chances of success.
Find the habit you want to have. Having good habits that are in line with the goals can improve your chances of achieving your goals. After you have set your goal and worked out all of achieving that goal, find a habit that is part of achieving that goal, and consider what good habit would help you achieve that goal.
Consider your motivation. You need to take some time to consider your motivation. Your motivation is the reason why you want to form this new habit. Good motivation can be the key between success and failure, so take your time to consider your motivation.
Give yourself time. Forming a new habit can take a long time. Some people can form a new habit in as little as a few weeks, while other people will spend several months. As you work to form your new habit, just keep in mind that it may be a while before it comes true. Try to be patient with yourself as you form your new habit.
31．How many steps can you follow to form good habits from the passage
A．Four. B．Three. C．Five. D．Two.
32．Before you begin to develop your new habit, ________ is important.
A．considering your motivation B．finding the habit you want to form
C．thinking about your goal carefully D．giving yourself time
33．The underlined word “motivation” in Paragraph 4 means “________” in Chinese.
A．困难 B．动机 C．权力 D．想法
34．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．The goal you set should be as easy as possible to achieve.
B．Having good habits can improve your chances of achieving your goals.
C．It’s unnecessary to take some time to consider your motivation.
D．Give yourself some time and be patient as you form a habit.
35．The main purpose of the passage is to ________.
A．tell us how to be a successful person B．tell us the importance of good habits
C．call on students to form good habits D．tell us how to form good habits
A young Chinese illustrator (插图画家), who loves traditional Chinese culture, has created many interesting drawings. The artist’s online name is Jiao Xiangyue. She often posts her works on the Internet and the creative illustrations have won her more than 300,000 fans.
Jiao’s book, Da Tang Feng Su Zhi, came out in October, 2018. The book, with beautiful pictures and writings, mainly shows interesting daily lives of people in the Tang Dynasty. On the last day of 2019, Jiao posted the drawings that she had created during the past year online. Since then, the illustrator and her works have caught the attention of the public.
In Jiao’s drawings, most people have chubby (圆胖的) faces. Her best-known series include drawings of women from the Tang Dynasty and classic images (形象) from Dunhuang art.
“I am deeply impressed by the people, culture and art of the Tang Dynasty,” Jiao says. In fact, many of her drawings are based on (以……基础) classic Chinese paintings from the Tang Dynasty. Jiao hopes her works will help develop people’s interest in Chinese history and traditional art.
Jiao pays a lot of attention to details (细节). She has bought lots of books and studied ancient paintings to make sure she has drawn things correctly. “Once a person told me the differences between the pipa of the Tang Dynasty, which had four or five strings (弦), and the pipa of today, which has four strings,” Jiao says. Through her works, she hopes people will realize that images from ancient times can also be cool and cute.
36．Jiao Xiangyue’s book, Da Tang Feng Su Zhi, came out in ________.
A．2018 B．2019 C．2020 D．2021
37．What is Jiao Xiangyue’s book mainly about
A．Pictures and writings from the Tang Dynasty. B．People’s daily lives in the Tang Dynasty.
C．Interesting events in Chinese history. D．Beautiful women from Dunhuang art.
38．Many of Jiao Xiangyue’s drawings are based on ________ from the Tang Dynasty.
A．clothes B．music C．paintings D．life
39．What can we infer (推断) from the last paragraph
A．Jiao Xiangyue is good at playing the pipa.
B．Jiao Xiangyue is very careful with her works.
C．Jiao Xiangyue spends much time reading every day.
D．Jiao Xiangyue knows a lot about musical instruments.
40．What’s the best title for the passage
A．Famous illustrations B．Traditional Chinese women
C．The history of Tang Dynasty D．Jiao Xiangyue’s achievements in drawing
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
中考英语6年（2017-2022）真题加6套模拟题分项汇编（云南专用）
专题04 阅读单选(解析版)
一、2022年
四、阅读单选
We know many musical instruments well, such as pianos, violins, drums and so on. What about the erhu The erhu is a traditional Chinese instrument. It is the most popular of the huqin family, and it has a long history.
The modern erhu developed from the xiqin, which was played by many ethnic minorities (少数民族) during the Tang Dynasty. In the Song Dynasty, musicians began to use the erhu to perform different kinds of music, and it became quite a popular instrument. With the rise of some forms of folk art, the art of the erhu developed quickly during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. It became an important accompanying (伴奏) instrument in different folk music. At present, it is used in both traditional and modern music, such as in pop, rock and jazz. It has even become a solo (独奏) instrument. One of the most famous musical pieces played on the erhu is Erquan Yingyue.
As the erhu was mainly played by common people and the playing skills were passed down orally (口头地), there are few written records about the erhu that can be found. To study the history and the development of the erhu, historians (历史学者) usually turn to ancient paintings. The earliest pictures of this instrument were found in Yulin Caves and Eastern Thousand Buddha Caves in Gansu Province, where five erhu pictures were discovered on murals (壁画).
31．When did the erhu become a popular instrument
A．In the Tang Dynasty. B．In the Song Dynasty.
C．In the Ming Dynasty. D．In recent years.
32．To study the history of the erhu, historians usually ________.
A．play the most famous erhu pieces B．listen to different kinds of folk music
C．get help from ancient paintings D．read some books about ethnic minorities
33．Which is TRUE according to the passage
A．The huqin belongs to the erhu family.
B．Folk art stops the development of the erhu.
C．People can find plenty of written records about the erhu.
D．The erhu is used in both traditional and modern music now.
34．You may read the passage in the ________ section of a newspaper.
A．culture B．business C．health D．nature
35．The passage mainly talks about ________.
A．the forms of folk music B．the history of the erhu
C．the rise of different dynasties D．the development of Chinese instruments
【答案】31．B
32．C
33．D
34．A
35．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了二胡的起源和发展。
31．
细节理解题。根据“In the Song Dynasty, musicians began to use the erhu to perform different kinds of music, and it became quite a popular instrument”可知，到了宋朝，它成为一种相当流行的乐器，故选B。
32．
细节理解题。根据“To study the history and the development of the erhu, historians (历史学者) usually turn to ancient paintings”可知，为了研究二胡的历史和发展，历史学家通常会研究古代绘画，故选C。
33．
推理判断题。根据“t present, it is used in both traditional and modern music”可知，二胡现在在传统音乐和现代音乐中都有使用，D表述正确，故选D。
34．
推理判断题。本文主要介绍了二胡的起源和发展，属于文化类，故选A。
35．
主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了二胡的起源和发展，故选B。
Wukong, Tiangong, Tianwen… Do you know where the names of Chinese space programs come from
Wukong, the Dark Matter Particle Explorer satellite (暗物质粒子探测卫星), is named after Chinese superhero Monkey King. According to Journey to the West, Monkey King has a pair of sharp eyes which can tell the difference between good and evil. The Wukong satellite is just as sharp-eyed as Monkey King to help scientists search for dark matter in space.
The name of the space station, Tiangong, means “Heavenly Palace”. In Chinese myths, this is the home of Tian Di. Now Tiangong Space Station is a home for Chinese astronauts in space. And China welcomes foreign astronauts to Tiangong so that they can work together.
Tianwen, China’s Mars missions (任务), gets its name from the poem Tianwen by Qu Yuan. Qu Yuan is a well-known poet from ancient China. In Tianwen, he had the questions about the sky, stars, nature, myths and the real world, showing his hunger for truth. Perhaps the Tianwen missions will end up answering some of Qu Yuan’s questions.
If you look into more names of Chinese space programs, you will find that they all have beautiful meanings. We, the Chinese people, have a long-cherished (珍藏已久的) space dream. So the naming of Chinese space programs is taken very seriously.
36．What is the Wukong satellite used for
A．Answering some of Qu Yuan’s questions.
B．Finding the difference between good and evil.
C．Helping scientists search for dark matter in space.
D．Welcoming foreign astronauts to the space station.
37．The underlined word “myths” in Paragraph 3 means “________” in Chinese.
A．诗歌 B．神话 C．谚语 D．传记
38．The name of China’s Mars missions is from ________.
A．Qu Yuan’s poem Tianwen B．an ancient novel
C．ancient Chinese myths D．Journey to the West
39．Why do we take the naming of Chinese space programs seriously
A．We want to land on Mars. B．We want to protect the Earth.
C．We have the hunger for truth. D．We have a dream for space.
40．Which can be the best title for the passage
A．What Beautiful Names B．What a Cherished Star
C．What Excellent Poems D．What a Long Journey
【答案】36．C
37．B
38．A
39．D
40．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要介绍了太空项目命名的由来。
36．
细节理解题。根据“The Wukong satellite is just as sharp-eyed as Monkey King to help scientists search for dark matter in space”可知，它用来帮助科学家寻找太空中的暗物质，故选C。
37．
词义猜测题。根据“In Chinese myths, this is the home of Tian Di”可知，天帝是中国的神话传说，所以myths表示“神话”，故选B。
38．
细节理解题。根据“Tianwen, China’s Mars missions (任务), gets its name from the poem Tianwen by Qu Yuan”可知，得名于屈原的《天问》，故选A。
39．
细节理解题。根据“We, the Chinese people, have a long-cherished (珍藏已久的) space dream. So the naming of Chinese space programs is taken very seriously”可知，中国人民有着长久以来的太空梦。 因此，中国太空计划的命名受到了非常认真的对待，故选D。
40．
最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了太空项目命名的由来，A选项“多么优美的名字”符合本文标题，故选A。
二、2021年
九、阅读单选
There was a young man who was in trouble. He went bankrupt (破产) and his wife went away from him. From then on, failure was all that he had seen. Struggling (斗争) with this, he went into the forest alone. There, he met an old man who had lived there for a long time. He shared his story with the old man and asked “Can you give me one good reason not to give up ”
“Look,” the old man said, “Do you see that fern (蕨类植物) and bamboo there ”
“Yes.” the man answered.
“When I planted the fern and bamboo seeds, I watered them carefully. Within a few days, the fern quickly grew from the land,” the old man went on.
“However, I watered the bamboo seed for years, it still didn’t sprout. But I didn’t give up and continued looking after it. In the fifth year, a small sprout came out of the land. Within six months, the tree grew a hundred feet tall.”
“The little bamboo tree had been growing underground in the past four years, developing a root strong enough for its ground growth (生长) in the fifth year. If it hadn’t done this, it would not be so strong. So you know, all the time you were struggling, you were actually growing strong roots.” the old man said. Finally, the man thanked the old man deeply. Then he left the forest with the hope for life.
51．What happened to the young man
A．He was seriously ill. B．He was badly hurt.
C．He went bankrupt and his wife left him. D．He went to a bank with his wife.
52．The difference between the fern and the bamboo mentioned in the passage is their ________ .
A．weight B．growth C．looks D．colors
53．The underlined word “sprout” in Paragraph 5 means “________” in Chinese.
A．发芽 B．开花 C．枯萎 D．结果
54．The young man felt ________ after hearing what the old man said to him.
A．sad B．disappointed C．hopeful D．nervous
55．Which can be the best title for the passage
A．Practice makes perfect B．The early bird catches the worm
C．Learn to share with others D．Never lose hope when in trouble
【答案】
51．C 52．B 53．A 54．C 55．D
【解析】
51．
细节理解题。根据“He went bankrupt (破产) and his wife went away from him.”可知，他破产了，妻子也离开了他，故选C。
52．
细节理解题。根据“When I planted the fern and bamboo seeds, I watered them carefully. Within a few days, the fern quickly grew from the land”以及“However, I watered the bamboo seed for years, it still didn’t sprout. But I didn’t give up and continued looking after it. In the fifth year, a small sprout came out of the land.”可知，竹子和蕨类植物的生长不一样，故选B。
53．
词义猜测题。根据“However, I watered the bamboo seed for years, it still didn’t sprout. But I didn’t give up and continued looking after it. In the fifth year, a small sprout came out of the land.”可知，竹子种子一直没有……直到第五年的时候，一个小 ……从土里钻出来了，所以此处的“sprout”指的是“发芽”，故选A。
54．
细节理解题。根据“Finally, the man thanked the old man deeply. Then he left the forest with the hope for life.”可知，年轻人听了老人的话，对生活充满了希望，故选C。
55．
最佳标题题。根据“Finally, the man thanked the old man deeply. Then he left the forest with the hope for life.”以及整个文章的理解可知，文章主要是通过老人给男子讲的故事，告诉我们：遇到困难时千万不要失去希望，要坚持下去，故选D。
When you and your family go out for dinner, do you notice how many dishes you usually order It’s OK if you finish all of them. But if you waste too much food, you need to pay for it.
Last year, China’s top legislature (立法机关) reviewed (审议) a draft law (法律草案) for stopping food waste for the first time. In general, a draft will become law after the top legislature reviews it three times.
According to the draft law, restaurants should tell customers not to order too much. If customers leave too much food uneaten, restaurants can charge (收费) them for food waste. The law also bans (禁止) waiters from encouraging people to order too much food. Some restaurants may use the “N-1” mode for people to order dishes. “N” stands for the number of persons at a table. So if there are six people at your table, you should order just five dishes, which can help people control the amount of dishes in a proper way.
The draft law also asks schools to teach their students to avoid food waste. It also bans TV programs about overeating and overdrinking. Producers of such programs will face a fine of up to 100,000 yuan.
Food waste happens in many places and has long been a big problem around the world. We need to obey the law and refuse to waste food.
56．If customers waste too much food, they ________ .
A．need to pay some money for it B．need to say sorry about it
C．can’t enter the restaurant again D．can leave the restaurant for free
57．According to the “N-1” mode, if 9 persons plan to eat in the restaurant, they need to order ________ dishes.
A．7 B．8 C．9. D．10
58．Which is NOT true according to the passage
A．Students should avoid food waste at school.
B．Programs about overeating will be allowed on TV.
C．Food waste has been a big problem all over the world.
D．Waiters can’t encourage people to order too much food.
59．You may read the passage in ________ .
A．a storybook B．a guidebook C．an advertisement D．a newspaper
60．What does the passage mainly talk about
A．Harm of food waste. B．Importance of healthy food.
C．Law to stop food waste. D．Advantages of stopping food waste.
【答案】
56．A 57．B 58．B 59．D 60．C
【解析】
56．
细节理解题。根据“But if you waste too much food, you need to pay for it.”可知，但是如果你浪费了太多的食物，你需要为它买单。故选A。
57．
推理判断题。根据“Some restaurants may use the “N-1” mode for people to order dishes. “N” stands for the number of persons at a table. So if there are six people at your table, you should order just five dishes”可知，一些餐厅可能会使用“N-1”模式让人们点餐，“N”代表一桌的人数，所以如果你的桌子上有6个人，你应该只点5道菜。所以9个人吃饭点8道菜，故选B。
58．
推理判断题。根据“It also bans TV programs about overeating and overdrinking.”可知，禁止播放有关暴饮暴食的电视节目。故选B。
59．
推理判断题。本文主要向我们介绍禁止食物浪费的法律，所以最有可能在报纸上看到。故选D。
60．
主旨大意题。本文向我们介绍禁止食物浪费的法律，故选C。
三、2020年
Yesterday I went to buy a little tree for my father. When I was talking with the cashier(收银员), he asked what I would be doing with this little tree. I explained that it was for my Dad, because he no longer lived at home.
The cashier just stopped and looked at me with the kindest look. He shared with me that his grandfather couldn’t live in their home any longer either because he had Alzheimer’s disease(阿尔茨海默症). So I shared with him that my Dad was on the same journey. We talked about the difficulties because of the illness, not only for those who are ill, but also for their families.
When I was paying for the tree, he said, “Because this is for your Dad, let me see what I can do for you.” He took some coupons(优惠券) from a drawer and reduced my cost by over 60%.
I thanked him for his kindness. We wished each other Merry Christmas and the best hopes for our loved family members.
On the way home I kept thinking of the kindness he offered me. It was truly a moment of “kindness given, kindness received”. I made Dad’s tree more beautiful as soon as I got home. So thankful. So blessed.
31．What’s wrong with the writer’s father
A．He had a bad cold. B．He had a backache.
C．He had Alzheimer’s disease. D．He had a heart problem.
32．When did the story probably happen
A．Before Christmas. B．After Christmas.
C．On the writer’s father’s birthday. D．On the cashier’s grandfather’s birthday.
33．The writer felt ________ when the cashier offered him his kindness.
A．relaxed B．angry C．nervous D．thankful
34．The underlined word “reduced” in Paragraph 3 means “________” in Chinese.
A．增加 B．减少 C．支付 D．给予
35．What is the best title for the passage
A．My Great Dad B．A Christmas Gift for Dad
C．Sharing Is Important D．Face Difficulties Bravely
【答案】
31．C 32．A 33．D 34．B 35．B
【解析】
31．
题意：作者的父亲怎么了？
推理判断题。根据原文He shared with me that his grandfather couldn’t live in their home any longer either because he had Alzheimer’s disease(阿尔茨海默症). So I shared with him that my Dad was on the same journey可推断，作者的父亲与收银员的祖父得了同样的病，即阿尔茨海默症。C选项He had Alzheimer’s disease“他得了阿尔茨海默症”符合题意，故选C。
32．
题意：这个故事可能发生在什么时候？
推理判断题。根据原文We wished each other Merry Christmas and the best hopes for our loved family members可知，作者和收银员互祝圣诞快乐，由此可推断这个故事发生在圣诞节前。A选项Before Christmas“圣诞节前”符合题意，故选A。
33．
题意：当收银员给了作者好意的帮助后，作者感到________。
细节理解题。根据原文I thanked him for his kindness可知，作者很感激收银员的好意。D选项thankful“感激的”符合题意，故选D。
34．
题意：第3段中画线单词“reduced”的中文意思是________。
词句猜测题。根据原文He took some coupons(优惠券) from a drawer可知，优惠券是用来减少付款金额的。故此处“reduced”有“减少”之意。故选B。
35．
题意：本文的最佳标题是什么？
最佳标题。通读全文可知，本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者为父亲买圣诞礼物时发生的事。B选项A Christmas Gift for Dad“给父亲的圣诞节礼物”符合题意，故选B。
It might be fun to use your smartphone, but be careful. Too much screen time may be harmful to your health.
First, it is bad for your eyes. A researcher called Sarah Hinkley says the problem comes from the blue light that the screen gives out. Looking at a smartphone for a long time can cause eye strain（劳损）, headaches and dry eyes. So it is a good idea to take a break every 15 minutes when you are working at a computer or using a smartphone.
Second, screen use can do harm to children’s brains. A new study shows that using screens too much can affect（影响） how children’s brains grow. If children use screens for more than one hour a day, they might have lower levels of white matter in their brains. White matter is a key to the development of language and reading skills. So it is wise to cut down the time of children using all kinds of screens.
Third, using screens too much will affect your sleep. According to a study, about 95% of the people between the ages of 13 and 64 use electronics before bed, especially the young people under 20. Doctors say that the light from those electronics at night may make you excited before you go to bed. Then it’s hard for you to get enough sleep. So you’d better turn off smartphones, TVs, and all other screens an hour before your bedtime.
To keep healthy, doctors and researchers strongly advise that you shouldn’t use screens for long hours.
36．The blue light from your screens can cause ________.
A．eyestrain B．headaches C．dry eyes D．all of the above
37．According to the passage, you can’t sleep well because you ________.
A．take a break every 15 minutes B．have lower levels of white matter
C．use screens too much before bed D．are the people from 13 to 64
38．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage
A．Using smartphones for long hours does harm to your eyes.
B．A lot of screen time affects children’s brain growth.
C．The light from electronics at night may make you excited.
D．People of all ages mustn’t use electronics.
39．You may read the passage in ________.
A．a science magazine B．a travel diary C．a guide book D．a novel
40．What is the main idea of the passage
A．The ways to keep healthy. B．The harm of using screens too much.
C．The ways to use screens. D．The advantages of using screens.
【答案】
36．D 37．C 38．D 39．A 40．B
【解析】
36．
细节理解题。根据第二段“Looking at a smartphone for a long time can cause eye strain, headaches and dry eyes”可知长时间看手机会引起眼劳损、头痛和干眼症。故选D。
37．
细节理解题。根据第四段“using screens too much will affect your sleep”可知睡觉之前看屏幕太多会影响睡眠。故选C。
38．
推理判断题。根据“it is bad for your eyes”可知A选项表述正确；根据“screen use can do harm to children’s brains”可知B选项表述正确；根据“the light from those electronics at night may make you excited before you go to bed”可知C选项表述正确。根据“it is wise to cut down the time of children using all kinds of screens”可知D选项“People of all ages”表述错误。故选D。
39．
推理判断题。a science magazine一本科学杂志；a travel diary一个旅行日记；a guide book一本指南；a novel一本小说。文章主要讲述使用手机时间过长对人的危害，可知文章来自科学杂志。故选A。
40．
主旨大意题。文章主要讲述的是屏幕使用过多对人的危害，可概括为The harm of using screens too much。故选B。
四、2019年
第二节
根据短文内容，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。并将所选答案涂到答题卡的相应位置上
A
One day，an 11-year-old girl asked her dad，“What are you going to get me for my 15th birthday ”The father replied，“Don't worry about that We still have plenty of time.”
But on a day after her 14th birthday， she passed out (昏倒)and was rushed to the hospital.The family learned that the girl had a serious heart disease and that she might die.At night， she asked her dad， "Daddy， have they told you that I am going to die " The father replied，“No，you will live as long as anyone else.”She wondered and asked， “How can you be sure ”He smiled to her and said，“I just know it.”
After the girl turned 15， she had a heart transplant(心脏移植手术) .After she came back from the hospital， she found a letter on her bed.It said，“My dearest daughter， one day you asked me what I would give you for your 15th birthday.I wasn't sure then.But now you know that my present to you is my heart."The father had given his heart to his daughter.
Parents are selfless(无私的).They even make great sacrifices to make their children grow up happily.Keep this in mind when you feel angry toward your parents.Always， they 're just doing what they think best for you.
31. The girl had a heart disease when she was
A. ll B. 14 C. 15 D. 16
32. Why did the father say that the girl would live as long as anyone else
A. Because he was a doctor.
B. Because he lied to his daughter.
C. Because the girl's disease was not serious.
D. Because he would try his best to save his daughter.
33. What gift did the father give to his daughter for her 15th birthday
A. His heart. B. A letter. C. Lots of money. D. A birthday party.
34. The underlined word “sacrifices”means in Chinese.
A. 限制 B. 交易 C. 供给 D. 牺牲
35. What's the best title for the passage
A. How to deal with a heart disease.
B. Don't be afraid of death.
C. A special present from a father.
D. Death is not so scary.
【答案】31. B 32. D 33. A 34. D 35. C
【解析】
31.
题意：这个女孩14岁时得了心脏病考查细节理解。根据But on a day after her 14th birthday， she passed out and was rushed to the hospital. The family learned that the girl had a serious heart disease and that she might die.可知她得心脏病时刚过14岁生日，故选B。
32.
题意：为什么父亲说女孩会和其他人一样长寿 考查细节理解。根据父亲的信But now you know that my present to you is my heart.可知为了让女儿活下去父亲把心给了女儿，Because he would try his best to save his daughter.符合题意，故选D。
33.
题意：父亲在女儿15岁生日时给了她什么礼物 考查细节理解。根据The father had given his heart to his daughter.可知选A。
34.
题意：下划线的“sacrifices”在中文中是“ ”的意思。考查词义理解。根据目的to make their children grow up happily结合上文父亲捐赠心脏的举动，可知父母做出了巨大的牺牲，ABC三项意思不合语境，故选D。
35.
题意：这篇文章最好的题目是什么 考查标题归纳。根据短文内容可知15岁的生日礼物贯穿全文，是本文的叙事线索，结合爸爸的话But now you know that my present to you is my heart.可知这是一份特别的礼物，A special present from a father.符合题意，故选C。
B
Have you ever wanted to achieve a goal and ended up doing lots of research on how to achieve it As you learned more and more.it seemed you knew less and less.That is because when you learned a new concept(概念)， you found that there was a lot more to know about it.
Usually， people think they need to get more and more information before trying a new idea There is nothing wrong with learning a lot， but when you let learning get in the way of doing， you will never get going.
One of the best ways to learn is to take action and learn from the results that you get from those actions.Don't be afraid of not being perfect and just take the first step.You will go further than those who are still in preparation.It's good to be prepared， but over-preparation in trying to reach a goal won't get you results.The knowledge and skills that you will need will be picked up along the way.
If a baby wants to learn how to walk， it doesn't do it by just sitting there and thinking about how to walk.The best way for a baby to walk is to actually get up and start walking.Sure it may fall， but with every fall， it learns what is working and what is not and adjusts ( 调整) to it.By doing this over and over， it will finally learn to walk.This is the method you should use when you want to achieve your goals as well.It works.
Learning more is great but if all you're doing is learning and not taking action， it's time to change that， Just take the first step.
36. When you leaned something new， you found there was to know about it.
A. less B. nothing C. everything D. more
37. Which is NOT true according to the passage
A. People need to learn a lot before trying a new idea.
B. One of the best ways to lean is to take action.
C. Learning has nothing to do with doing.
D. Over-preparation is not good for reaching a goal.
38. A baby should when it wants to learn how to walk.
A. get up and start walking
B. sit there and think about how to walk
C. learn from its parents
D. read books about how to walk
39. We can usually read the passage in
A. a storybook B. a newspaper C. an advertisement D. a guidebook
40. The purpose of the passage is
A. to tell us how to learn more
B. to tell us how to be successful
C. to talk about the importance of doing
D. to talk about the importance of learning
【答案】36. D 37. C 38. A 39. B 40. C
【解析】
36.
题意：当你学习新的东西时，你会发现有更多的东西需要了解。考查细节理解。根据That is because when you learned a new concept, you found that there was a lot more to know about it. 当你学习了一个新概念时，你会发现有更多的东西需要了解，可知选D。
37.
题意：根据这篇文章，哪一个是不正确的 考查细节判断。A. 在尝试新想法之前，人们需要学习很多东西。B. 学习的最好方法之一就是采取行动。C. 学习与行动无关。D. 准备过度不利于达到目标。根据One of the best ways to learn is to take action and learn from the results that you get from those actions.可知学习离不开行动，Learning has nothing to do with doing说法错误，故选C。
38.
题意：当宝宝想学走路时，就应该站起来开始走路。考查细节理解。根据If a baby wants to learn how to walk, it doesn't do it by just sitting there and thinking about how to walk. The best way for a baby to walk is to actually get up and start walking.可知对婴儿来说，最好的走路方法就是站起来开始走路，故选A。
39.
题意：我们通常可以在报纸上读到这篇文章。考查来源判断。A. 一本故事书；B. 一份报纸；C.一则广告；D. 一本旅游指南。根据短文内容，解释了学和做的关系，强调行动的重要性，可知会在报刊上读到，故选B。
40.
题意：这篇文章的目的是 。考查文意理解。根据最后的总结Learning more is great but if all you're doing is learning and not taking action, it's time to change that, Just take the first step.（多学习是件好事，但如果你所做的只是学习而不是采取行动，那么是时候改变这一点了，迈出第一步）可知本文谈论的是做的重要性，to talk about the importance of doing符合文意，故选C。
五、2018年
第二节 根据短文内容,从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并将所选答案涂到答题卡的相应位置上。
A
China covers large areas and has a great population. Different living habits have always been an interesting topic in the country. Recently, another difference between southern Chinese and northern Chinese became a hot one: the way people shop at markets.
People from southern China say that they always buy what they need for just one or two meals. It is normal for them to buy half of a Chinese cabbage, two potatoes and 0.25 kilograms of beef at a time.
However, one may be laughed at if he does this in the north. Instead, buying vegetables and meat enough for a week is usual. Also, you can buy a small amount (数量) of fruit, such as a single apple or pear, each time in the south. Shop owners even help you peel and cut them. But shop owners in the north hardly offer such service. And many fruits are sold in baskets and boxes.
The difference could be due to the different weather.
Food can be kept for a long time in the north, as it is usually cold and dry there. Many northern Chinese have the habit of storing food, especially for the long winter. But the hot and wet weather in the south makes southern Chinese buy just enough food for one meal or one day, or else the food may go bad.
31. In southern China, people usually buy _____ at a time.
A. a small amount of food
B. a large amount of food
C. enough food for a week
D. a lot of meat and vegetables
32. If you buy fruits in the south, the shop owners may _______.
A. peel and cut them for you
B. laugh at you
C. only sell them in boxes and baskets
D. only sell a single apple or pear
33. Many northern Chinese have the habit of keeping food because ________.
A. the weather is hot and wet
B. food goes bad quickly
C. the weather is cold and dry
D. they live far away from markets
34. The underlined words "due to" mean "_________" in Chinese.
A. 所以
B. 但是
C. 然而
D. 因为
35. Which is the best title for the passage
A. Different Weather in China
B. Different Living Habits in China
C. Southern Chinese and Northern Chinese
D. Southern China and Northern China
【答案】31. A 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. B
【解析】
31.
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句People from southern China say that they always buy what they need for just one or two meals. 知南方的人们一次买很少数量的食物/故答案是A。
32.
细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第三句Shop owners even help you peel and cut them.店主甚至帮你剥皮和切碎。知选A
33.
细节理解题。根据最后一段前两句Food can be kept for a long time in the north, as it is usually cold and dry there. Many northern Chinese have the habit of storing food, especially for the long winter.知北方人有保存食物的习惯是因为北方天气寒冷干燥，食物容易保存，故正确答案是C
34.
推断题。分析文章内容，结合句子The difference could be due to the different weather.知The difference“南北方购物习惯的不同”和 the different weather “不同的气候”之间可能存在因果关系，推测“due to”的意思是因为，故选D。
35. 主旨大意题。通读全文知本文主要介绍了中国南北方人们不同的购物习惯即不同的生活习惯。所以选B
B
Every school day, we use schoolbags to carry all of our things to school. They are a big part of our lives. But have you ever thought about the history of the schoolbag
In the Han Dynasty (汉朝), students in old-style private schools used bamboo boxes to carry books to school. People consider the bamboo boxes to be the earliest schoolbags. They were usually two or three layers (层) in the box. Kids put different things like books, brushes, ink stones (砚) and paper in the boxes.
Hundreds of years later, people developed a new kind of schoolbag called the budai, or the "hip-pocket". The budai was lighter than the bamboo box. With the founding (成立) of the People's Republic of China, military rucksacks (军用帆布包) became popular. Many people carried them when they were in school. Ask your grandparents or parents about these bags. Maybe they can tell you about their experiences of carrying them when they were in school.
A new style of schoolbags has appeared in recent years. Many of them have colorful and fashionable designs (时尚的设计) on them, such as pictures of cartoons or pop stars. And they are more comfortable to use. Some students pull wheeled bags filled with heavy textbooks and others carry backpacks.
Schoolbags are still changing. Can you imagine what future schoolbags will be like
36. Schoolbags in the Han Dynasty were made of _______.
A. cloth
B. paper
C. plastic
D. bamboo
37. Which is NOT true according to the passage
A. Military rucksacks were popular in the 1950s.
B. The budai was heavier than the bamboo box.
C. There are some pictures on the new style of schoolbags.
D. Schoolbags have changed a lot.
38. To carry heavy textbooks, students would like to use _______.
A. wheeled bags
B. military rucksacks
C. bamboo boxes
D. the budai
39. We can usually read the article in ________.
A. a letter
B. a guidebook
C. a newspaper
D. a notice
40. The purpose of the article is ______.
A. to tell us how to use schoolbags
B. to explain why we use schoolbags
C. to introduce the importance of schoolbags
D. to introduce the development of schoolbags
【答案】36. D 37. B 38. A 39. C 40. D
【解析】
36.
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句In the Han Dynasty (汉朝), students in old-style private schools used bamboo boxes to carry books to school.知选D
37.
细节理解题。根据With the founding (成立) of the People's Republic of China, military rucksacks (军用帆布包) became popular.知选项A是正确的； The budai was heavier than the bamboo box.布袋比竹盒子重。根据常识，很显然是错误的。选项B是错的；根据文中的A new style of schoolbags has appeared in recent years. Many of them have colorful and fashionable designs (时尚的设计) on them, such as pictures of cartoons or pop stars知选项C是正确的；通读全文知选项D书包改变了很多是正确的。故答案选B
38.
推断题。题干To carry heavy textbooks, students would like to use的意思是：为了携带很重的课本，学生们愿意使用：A. wheeled bags带轮子的袋子；B. military rucksacks军用帆布包；C. bamboo boxes竹子的箱子；D. the budai布袋。很显然BCD三个选项，都为历史上“书包”，当然现在的学生都愿意使用现代的既时尚又省力的“带轮子的包”，故答案选D。
39.
推断题。我们通常在——上读到这样的文章A. a letter一封信；B. a guidebook一本指导书；C. a newspaper一份报纸；D. a notice一个通知。通读全文知这篇文章是一篇说明文，介绍了书包的发展历史。他根据常识，它不可能出现在A，B，D三个选项上，故答案选C。
40.
主旨大意题。通读全文知本文主要介绍了书包的发展历史，故选答案D。
六、2017年
四、阅读单选
“Early to bed and early to rise make a man healthy, wealthy and wise.” This is an old English saying. It means that when we go to bed early, we can get up early the next morning. Then we will become healthy. We will also become rich and clever.
This is true. To be healthy, we must have enough sleep. Experts(专家) say that adults should get seven to eight hours of sleep a night. Teenagers need nine to ten hours. And school-aged children may need more than ten hours of sleep. Children who do not have enough sleep can’t do their work very well. They won’t be wise and they may not become wealthy!
We also need exercise. Walking, running, swimming and playing games are all exercise. Exercise keeps us strong. It also helps the blood to move around the body. This is very important. Our blood takes the nutrition(营养) from food to all parts of our body.
The head also needs blood. So exercise that moves the blood to our head helps us think better!
31．If we get up early and go to bed early, we’ll ________.
A．become weak B．have more time C．be healthy D．have more work to do
32．Who needs most hours of sleep to keep healthy
A．Adults B．Teenagers C．Experts D．School-aged children
33．A child ________ when he does not have enough sleep.
A．can’t study well B．will be wise C．will be wealthy D．will be active in class
34．A person needs exercise because ________.
A．he is strong enough B．it helps make him healthy
C．he has a lot of homework to do D．it can bring him much blood
35．Which of the following is NOT TRUE
A．Exercise helps the blood to move. B．Exercise is good for a person’s head.
C．If we have enough blood, we’ll be wise. D．It’s good for us to get up early and go to bed early.
【答案】31．C
32．D
33．A
34．B
35．C
【解析】
【分析】
这篇短文主要描述了好的生活习惯对我们健康及生活的影响，并对如何养成良好的生活习惯提出了具体建议。
31．
细节理解题。根据原文“Early to bed and early to rise make a man healthy, wealthy and wise”可知，早睡早起更健康。故选C。
32．
细节理解题。根据原文“And school-aged children may need more than ten hours of sleep”可知，学龄儿童需要最多的时间睡觉。故选D。
33．
细节理解题。根据原文“Children who do not have enough sleep can’t do their work very well”可知，孩子如果睡不好，学习也会弄不好。故选A。
34．
细节理解题。根据原文“So exercise that moves the blood to our head helps us think better”可知，运动能帮助人们变得更健康。故选B。
35．
细节理解题。根据原文“The head also needs blood. So exercise that moves the blood to our head helps us think better”可知，人的脑部需要血液，运动能帮助血液更好地运送到大脑，有助于人们进行思考，但并未明确提及足够的血液能让人变得聪明。故选C。
Helping others is a great thing to do. You can learn new things and have fun. There are many ways of helping others in your community. You can help people,animals or the environment. It can make you feel good too! How can you help？
Charities（慈善机构）are organizations that help others,for example, UNICEF or the World Wildlife Fund. You can help charities by giving your time,giving money or giving things that you own. You can also help people or places you know.
Volunteering
Volunteering is when you give your time to help others. It's something which you do not have to do or for which you will not be paid. Some ways of volunteering are：
visiting old people to talk to them or help them.
walking dogs at an animal shelter. （避难所）
cleaning up a park.
Fund raising
Fund raising is when you collect money to help others. Some ways of fund raising are：
making cakes or biscuits to sell.
doing a sponsored（赞助）activity. For example,family and friends give you money if you finish a long walk.
Donating
Donating is when you give your things or money to help others. Some ways of donating are：
giving your old toys or clothes to a charity that helps sick children or poor people.
giving your old books to a library.
giving your money to a charity.
So, what can you do to help others
36．You'll when you help other people.
A．feel uncomfortable B．have a great job C．feel good D．have a hard time
37．How many ways of volunteering are mentioned in the article？
A．Two B．Three C．Four D．Five
38．The underlined word "fund raising" means in Chinese.
A．募款活动 B．慰问活动 C．志愿活动 D．捐物活动
39．Which of the following is a way of donating？
A．Cleaning up a park.
B．Giving your old computer to a charity.
C．Taking care of sick people in hospital.
D．Making pancakes or sandwiches to sell.
40．What is the best title for the passage？
A．Charities. B．Ways of Volunteering. C．A Great Thing to Do. D．Helping Others.
【答案】36．C
37．B
38．A
39．B
40．D
【解析】
【分析】
本文主要介绍帮助别人是件了不起的事，并列举了一些帮助别人的方法。
36．
细节理解题。根据第一段“You can help people,… It can make you feel good too!”可知，帮助别人会让你感觉很好。故选C。
37．
细节理解题。根据小标题Volunteering中“Some ways of volunteering are： visiting old people to talk to them or help them. walking dogs at an animal shelter. （避难所） cleaning up a park.”可知，做志愿服务有3种方法。故选B。
38．
词义猜测题。根据划线单词后面“when you collect money to help others”可知，fund raising意思是“募款活动”。故选A。
39．
细节理解题。根据小标题Donating中“Donating is when you give your things or money to help others.”可知，捐赠是指你把自己的东西或钱拿出来帮助别人。因此，把你的旧电脑捐给慈善机构属于捐赠。故选B。
40．
标题归纳题。根据第一段首句“Helping others is a great thing to do.”及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍帮助别人。故选D。
七、2022德宏州一模
九、阅读单选
Stone Castle Castle entry (入场) times:Summer season: (April 1st — September 20th) 9:00 a.m. — 5:30 p.m. every day Winter season: (October 1st — March 31st) 10:00 a.m. — 4:00 p.m. every day Prices: Adult ticket:￡7 Child ticket:￡3 Family ticket:￡17 (2 adults & 2 children between 5 and 15 years old) Buy tickets at the door.You can also buy the tickets on the Internet. Bad weather conditions: Before setting off to the castle, we advise you to visit our website to check that the castle is open. In the event of bad weather, the castle may be closed for safety reasons. A tip about dogs: Dogs are welcome at the castle as long as they are kept on a leash (皮带) at all times.
51．Stone Castle is open for ________ hours in the winter season every day.A．eight and a half B．nine and a half C．five D．six
52．What’s the right time to go to Stone Castle
A．At 9:00 a.m. on March 2nd B．At 6:00 p.m. on February 10th
C．At 10:00 a.m. on September 1st D．At 5:00 p.m. on November 3rd.
53．How much should two adults with three children (all between 5 and 15) pay to visit the castle
A．￡15 B．￡20 C．￡25 D．￡35
54．The castle may be closed the whole day if ________.
A．the weather is bad B．there are no visitors
C．the road is closed D．the castle is damaged
55．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．The castle never closes all year round. B．A child aged 8 can’t visit the castle.
C．There are two ways we can buy tickets. D．Any dogs can’t go into the castle.
【答案】51．D
52．C
53．B
54．A
55．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文介绍了石头城堡的开放时间、票价及其他注意事项。
51．
细节理解题，根据“Winter season:(October 1st — March 31st) 10:00 a.m. — 4:00 p.m. every day”，可知冬季开放时间是早上10点到下午4点，一共6个小时，故选D。
52．
细节理解题，根据“Summer season:(April 1st — September 20th)9:00 a.m. — 5:30 p.m. every day；Winter season:(October 1st — March 31st)10:00 a.m. — 4:00 p.m. every day”，可知夏季：4月1日——9月20日的开放时间是早上9点到下午5点30分；冬季10月1日至三月31日的开放时间是早上10点到下午4点，故选C。
53．
细节理解题，根据“Prices: Adult ticket:￡7; Child ticket:￡3; Family ticket:￡17 (2 adults & 2 children between 5 and 15 years old)”可知2个成年人和3个5至15岁的孩子一共花17+3=20元，故选B。
54．
细节理解题，根据“In the event of bad weather, the castle may be closed for safety reasons.”，可知是因为天气原因城堡可能会关，故选A。
55．
推理判断题，根据“Buy tickets at the door. You can also buy the tickets on the Internet.”，在门口买票，也可以在网上买票。可知有两种方式购票，故选C。
Do you know the two lovely mascots You may know the five “Fuwa” dolls from the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. On September 17th of last year, the two lovely mascots first showed on TV. Now, let’s see who they are.
Look at the panda! It looks like an astronaut. It wears an ice shell (冰壳) and looks fat, so we call it “Bing Dwen Dwen”. White is the color of ice and snow. “Bing Dwen Dwen” likes ice sports very much and is good at them. That’s why it is the mascot of 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games.
Do you think the red mascot looks like a lantern The lantern’s name is “Shuey Rhon Rhon”. When the Chinese New Year comes, people always make or buy red lanterns. Red is the color of hope and good luck, so people think their dreams will come true in the new year. “Shuey Rhon Rhon” can give players hope and help them do well in the 2022 Beijing Winter Paralympic Games(残奥会).
Many people in different countries like the two mascots very much, and they show their love for them on the Internet.
56．“Shuey Rhon Rhon” is ________.
A．a panda B．a Fuwa doll C．an ice shell D．a lantern
57．The underlined word “mascots” in Paragraph1 means “________” in Chinese.
A．会歌 B．火炬 C．吉祥物 D．运动员
58．Why do people make or buy red lanterns when the Chinese New Year comes
A．Because it is easy to make red lanterns.
B．Because “Shuey Rhon Rhon” is a mascot.
C．Because people think red lanterns are very lovely.
D．Because people think red lanterns can bring good luck.
59．You may read the passage in ________.
A．a newspaper B．a guide book C．a novel D．an advertisement
60．What’s the best title of the passage
A．The sports in Olympic. B．Two Olympic mascots.
C．2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games. D．2022 Beijing Winter Paralympic Games.
【答案】56．D
57．C
58．D
59．A
60．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文介绍了北京冬奥会吉祥物“冰墩墩”和“雪融融”。
56．
细节理解题。根据“Do you think the red mascot looks like a lantern The lantern’s name is “Shuey Rhon Rhon”.”可知，“雪融融”像灯笼。故选D。
57．
词义猜测题。根据“You may know the five “Fuwa” dolls from the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.”结合常识可知，来自2008年北京奥运会的五个“福娃”是奥运会的吉祥物，所以这是里的mascots意为“吉祥物”。故选C。
58．
细节理解题。根据“When the Chinese New Year comes, people always make or buy red lanterns. Red is the color of hope and good luck, so people think their dreams will come true in the new year.”可知，新年来临的时候，人们总是制作或购买红灯笼，因为人们认为红灯笼能带来好运，那样他们就能实现愿望。故选D。
59．
推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，本文介绍了北京奥运会吉祥物“冰墩墩”和“雪融融”，是新闻报道类，可能来自报纸。故选A。
60．
最佳标题题。本文介绍了北京奥运会吉祥物“冰墩墩”和“雪融融”。所以“两个奥运吉祥物”符合。故选B。
八、2022红河州一模
四、阅读单选
Rural education (乡村教育) has been a big social problem of China recently. Born in a poor family in Hunan province, 34-year-old Hou Changliang knew how hard it is for a child in poor village to get good education. Therefore, he chose to volunteer to teach at Xiangyang primary school in a poor village in Yunnan province from 2017.
There were just three teachers for about 100 students across four classes in Xiangyang primary school. The government wanted to close the school because there are no enough teachers. Shutting down the school meant that the students would have to go to another school far from their homes. Hou’s arrival helped keep the school open.
It is the third village school that Hou has taught at since he graduated from Hunan University in 2011. Before Xiangyang primary school, he had taught in Hechi, Guangxi for four years, and in Bijie, Guizhou province for two years. As a volunteer teacher, he receives a monthly salary of about 800 yuan. This has remained unchanged for the past 10 years. “The longer I stayed in the countryside, the deeper I understood the challenge in rural education. Rural schools need teachers, especially good one.” Hou said, adding that a good teacher can make a real difference in a student’s life and can even change the village.
The good news for village teachers like Hou is that the government has taken action to improve rural education, including sending more teachers to less-developed areas, improving the quality (质量) of rural teachers by training, and improving salary of rural teachers.
“There is still a long way to go to improve rural education. But I do believe it will be better and better.” Hou said.
31．Why did Hou Changliang choose to be a village teacher
A．Because his family is very poor.
B．Because he had to make money.
C．Because he knew the hard situation of rural education.
D．Because the government wanted to close village school.
32．Which of the following is NOT true about Hou Changliang
A．Hou has taught in three village schools before he came to Yunnan.
B．Hou prevented the Xiangyang primary school from closing.
C．Hou’s salary has remained the same in the past 10 years.
D．Hou has been a village teacher for over 10 years.
33．What does the underlined word “salary” in paragraph 3 mean
A．奖金. B．工资. C．现金. D．余额.
34．How does the government improve rural education
A．By sending more teachers to less-developed areas. B．By improving the quality of rural teachers.
C．By improving salary of rural teachers. D．All of the above.
35．What’s the main idea of this passage
A．Some social problems in China. B．A volunteer teacher helps with rural education.
C．The ways to improve rural education. D．Village schools in China.
【答案】31．C
32．A
33．B
34．D
35．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要讲述了农村教育是中国最近的一大社会问题，34岁的志愿者侯长亮大学毕业后，选择在农村从教，农村教育需要得到更好的改善。
31．
细节理解题。根据文中“Born in a poor family in Hunan province, 34-year-old Hou Changliang knew how hard it is for a child in poor village to get good education. Therefore, he chose to volunteer to teach at Xiangyang primary school in a poor village in Yunnan province from 2017.”可知，因为他知道农村教育的艰难处境，因此选择当一名乡村教师。故选C。
32．
推理判断题。根据文中“It is the third village school that Hou has taught at since he graduated from Hunan University in 2011. Before Xiangyang primary school, he had taught in Hechi, Guangxi for four years, and in Bijie, Guizhou province for two years.”可知，这是他从湖南大学毕业后任教的第三所乡村学校，在广西河池任教四年，在贵州毕节任教两年。选项A是错误的，故选A。
33．
词句猜测题。根据“about 800 yuan.”可知，作为一名义务教师，他月薪约800元。此处划线部分单词salary的意思是“工资”，故选B。
34．
细节理解题。根据文中“The good news for village teachers like Hou is that the government has taken action to improve rural education, including sending more teachers to less-developed areas, improving the quality (质量) of rural teachers by training, and improving salary of rural teachers.”可知，政府通过向欠发达地区派遣更多教师、提高农村教师的素质、提高农村教师的工资，来改善农村教育。故选D。
35．
主旨大意题。通读整篇短文可知，这篇短文主要讲述了志愿者侯长亮帮助乡村教育的故事，选项B正确，故选B。
Humans share the earth with different kinds of wildlife. Humans, plants and animals are connected and depend on each other. They are all important parts of the rich biodiversity (生物多样性) of the earth. However, many kinds of plants or animals are becoming endangered over the past years because of climate (气候) change and human activities.
Humans are one of the main reasons for this. According to a report by the United Nations in 2019, the world’s population has doubled (from 3. 7 to 7. 6 billion) in the past 50 years. Humans have used more than one third of the world’s land and 75 percent of freshwater. Besides, some human activities like cutting down forests and polluting rivers also do harm to the environment. As a result, there are fewer habitats (栖息地) and natural resources (资源) available for animals, as well as more pollution.
To deal with the problem, many countries have taken action. As one of the countries with the richest biodiversity in the world, China has taken an active part in biodiversity protection. The Chinese government has developed laws to protect wildlife and set up a biodiversity monitoring (监测) network. It has also built nature reserves (保护区) with national parks. From January 1, 2019, the first local law about biodiversity protection was developed in Yunnan province. Yunnan lies in the mountains area of Southwest China and it is the area with the richest biodiversity in China and it is also the most successful area in China’s biodiversity protection. For this reason, in 2021, COP 15 was held in Kunming and was a great success.
Biodiversity protection requires efforts from the whole world and China is now playing a leading role in protecting biodiversity, hoping to build a green home for both humans and nature.
36．What can we learn from paragraph 1 about the biodiversity of the earth
A．Humans live on the earth and own the earth.
B．There is no connection between humans, plants and animals.
C．Humans, plants and animals are all important parts of biodiversity.
D．The biodiversity of the earth is mainly influenced by climate change.
37．What caused the fewer habitats and natural resources for animals
A．Climate change. B．Short for freshwater.
C．Environment pollution. D．Doubled population and human activities.
38．What did Chinese government do to protect the biodiversity of the earth EXCEPT
A．Develop laws. B．Set up monitoring network.
C．Build nature reserves. D．Plan trees and save freshwater.
39．Why was Yunnan chosen to hold COP 15
A．Because it lies in the mountains area of southwest China.
B．Because it developed the first local law about biodiversity protection.
C．Because it has the richest biodiversity in China and does well in biodiversity protection.
D．Because it has built nature reserves with national park.
40．What’s the best title for this passage
A．China is working on the protection of biodiversity.
B．Help save the endangered animals.
C．China’s nature reserves with national parks.
D．Human activities do harm to the biodiversity of the earth.
【答案】36．C
37．D
38．D
39．C
40．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要描述了野生动物目前的现状，造成这种现状的原因以及倡导人们行动起来改善现状。
36．
细节理解题。根据“Humans, plants and animals are connected and depend on each other. They are all important parts of the rich biodiversity (生物多样性) of the earth.”可知，人、植物和动物是相互联系、相互依存的。 它们都是地球丰富的生物多样性的重要组成部分。所以从第一段中我们可以知道人类、植物和动物都是生物多样性的重要组成部分。故选C。
37．
细节理解题。根据“Humans have used more than one third of the world’s land and 75 percent of freshwater. Besides, some human activities like cutting down forests and polluting rivers also do harm to the environment. As a result, there are fewer habitats (栖息地) and natural resources (资源) available for animals, as well as more pollution.”可知，人类已经使用了世界上超过三分之一的土地和75%的淡水；此外，一些人类活动，如砍伐森林和污染河流也对环境造成危害。结果，动物的栖息地和自然资源越来越少，污染也越来越严重。故选D。
38．
细节理解题。根据“The Chinese government has developed laws to protect wildlife and set up a biodiversity monitoring (监测) network. It has also built nature reserves (保护区) with national parks.”可知，中国政府已经制定了保护野生动物的法律，并建立了生物多样性监测网络， 还建立了自然保护区和国家公园。 故选D。
39．
细节理解题。根据“Yunnan lies in the mountains area of Southwest China and it is the area with the richest biodiversity in China and it is also the most successful area in China’s biodiversity protection. For this reason, in 2021, COP 15 was held in Kunming and was a great success.”可知，云南地处中国西南山区，是中国生物多样性最丰富的地区，也是中国生物多样性保护最成功的地区，因此2021年在昆明举办了第十五届缔约方大会。故选C。
40．
最佳标题题。本文主要描述了野生动物目前的现状，造成这种现状的原因以及倡导人们行动起来改善现状。选项A“中国正在努力保护生物多样性”符合主题，故选A。
九、2022曲靖市一模
九、阅读单选
Many years ago, I was the owner of a service station and roadhouse (路边旅馆) on the main road to California.
One very cold, wet night at about 3:30 a.m, there was a knock on the front door of our house. A young man, wet from head to foot, explained that he had run out of petrol (汽油) about 30 km up the road. He had left his wife and his two children behind at the car and said he would go back.
After I had filled a can (罐) with petrol, I took him back to his ear where his two-year-old and four-year-old children were both crying, saying that they were cold and hungry. I suggested that he follow me back when his car started again.
Before leaving, I had turned the heater (加热器) on in the roadhouse, so that when we went in, it was nice and warm. While the little ones played and ran around, I prepared bread and butter for the children and hot chocolate for the adults
It was about 5 a.m. before they left. The young man asked me how much he should pay me and I told him that the petrol was $15. He offered to pay more for the “call-out service”, but I didn’t accept it.
About a month later, I received a letter from a large bus company. We had been trying to get the bus company to stop off at our roadhouse for a long time. To my surprise, its owner was just the young man I had helped.
In his letter, he thanked me again and told me that, from then on, all their buses would stop at my service station. In this case, a little bit of kindness was returned with a lot more.
51．According to the passage, it might be ________ that night.
A．sunny B．rainy C．warm D．cool
52．What happened to the young man
A．His car didn’t work because he had run out of petrol.
B．He had no money to buy things he needed.
C．He didn’t want to go back home.
D．He lost his job several days ago.
53．The two-year-old and four-year-old children were crying because ________.
A．they were afraid of darkness B．they missed their father
C．they would be late for the party D．they were cold and hungry
54．What does the underlined phrase “stop off” mean
A．顺便拜访 B．阻止 C．停靠 D．赞助
55．What’s the best title for the passage
A．A Little Kindness Goes a Long Way B．It’s Never Too Late to Learn
C．Helping Others Is Important D．Life is Full of Happiness
【答案】51．B
52．A
53．D
54．C
55．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇记叙文。在一个寒冷潮湿的凌晨，一家人用完了汽油被迫把车停在半路上，作者邀请他们到加油站里取暖并免费提供了食物的故事，文章以此告诉我们要多做好事。
51．
细节理解题。根据“A young man, wet from head to foot, explained that he had run out of petrol (汽油) about 30 km up the road.”可知，年轻人浑身湿透，可推测是下雨天。故选B。
52．
细节理解题。根据“A young man, wet from head to foot, explained that he had run out of petrol (汽油) about 30 km up the road.”可知，他的汽车坏了，因为汽油用完了。故选A。
53．
细节理解题。根据“I took him back to his ear where his two-year-old and four-year-old children were both crying, saying that they were cold and hungry.”可知，他两岁和四岁的孩子哭是因为他们又冷又饿。故选D。
54．
词义猜测题。根据“We had been trying to get the bus company to stop off at our roadhouse for a long time.”以及最后一段“In his letter, he thanked me again and told me that, from then on, all their buses would stop at my service station.”可知，此处是说公共汽车“停”在我的服务站。由此可推知“stop off”的意思是“停靠”。故选C。
55．
主旨大意题。本文主要是说一家加油站和旅馆老板帮助一个年轻人的故事，文章最后也告诉我们一点点善意会换来更多的善意。故选A。
Many people are trying to learn a new language. Some of them consider it as a hobby, while others have to learn a language because it is required by their jobs or study. As a foreigner who is really interested in Chinese culture, I like learning Chinese.
It is thought that a person needs to know at least 3,000 Chinese characters to understand most Chinese newspapers. The problem for most foreigners, however, is that knowing 3,000 characters sounds like an impossible task, for many of the Chinese characters look the same. That’s why some people give up halfway. It’s the most difficult part for me, too. But I manage to learn how to write each character by watching videos online. Whenever I saw a character I didn’t know in the street or on a menu, I would just write it down on my phone and then look it up. Slowly I’ve learned the characters that are common in daily life.
It’s also important to listen to Chinese as much as possible. I downloaded (下载) a lot of listening materials onto my phone and listened to them on the way to school, work and even dates with my friends. I also watched a lot of Chinese TV shows and films, where the words are not so difficult and there are always subtitles (字幕). In this way, I’ve also learned how to express myself like a native.
As for speaking, I practice talking about different topics in Chinese when I am cycling around, effectively talking to myself or in my head, thinking through different conversations and scenarios (场景). For example, whenever I was going to a shop, I would think how to say that in Chinese. It helps me to think in a Chinese way, which is really important.
Learning a language is never easy. Basically, I just use every tool on hand and take my learning step by step, and I’m still learning new things to this day!
56．The reason why the writer learns Chinese is that ________.
A．he hopes to move to Beijing, China
B．he has found a job in a big city in China
C．he wants to know more about Chinese culture
D．he would like to taste kinds of delicious Chinese food
57．What’s the most difficult part for the writer to learn Chinese
A．Reading. B．Writing. C．Listening. D．Speaking.
58．How does the writer practice listening
A．By watching Chinese TV shows. B．By watching Chinese movies.
C．By listening to listening materials often. D．All above.
59．Where can you read this passage
A．In a guidebook. B．In a science report.
C．In a newspaper. D．In a movie review.
60．What does the writer want to tell us in the last paragraph
A．It takes time to learn a language.
B．Chinese isn’t as hard as you think.
C．It’s interesting to write Chinese characters.
D．It’s impossible for a foreigner to master Chinese.
【答案】56．C
57．B
58．D
59．C
60．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述因为对中国文化很感兴趣，作者热衷于学习中文。讲述作者学习中文的各种策略和经历。
56．
推理判断题。根据“As a foreigner who is really interested in Chinese culture, I like learning Chinese.”可知，作者学习中文是因为对中国文化很感兴趣，想了解更多关于中国的知识。故选C。
57．
推理判断题。根据“The problem for most foreigners, however, is that knowing 3,000 characters sounds like an impossible task, for many of the Chinese characters look the same. That’s why some people give up halfway. It’s the most difficult part for me, too. But I manage to learn how to write each character by watching videos online.”可知，一个人需要知道至少三千个中文汉字来理解大多数中文的报纸，但是许多汉字看起来都一样，最难的部分也是这一部分。可推知写中文是学中文最难的一部分。故选B。
58．
细节理解题。根据“I downloaded a lot of listening materials onto my phone and listened to them on the way to school”和“I also watched a lot of Chinese TV shows and films”可知，作者通过听听力材料，看中文电视节目和电影来练习听力。故选D。
59．
推理判断题。本文作者介绍学习中文的各种策略和经历，所以推测可能在报纸上看到这篇文章，故选C。
60．
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Learning a language is never easy. Basically, I just use every tool on hand and take my learning step by step”可知，学语言从不是简单的事，作者使用手上每种工具，一步步地学习，所以作者暗示学一门语言要花费时间慢慢来。故选A。
十、2022文山州砚山县一模
九、阅读单选
At the age of 16, Einstein always played with a group of mischievous（顽皮捣蛋的）kids. Because he was so busy playing, he didn’t study enough and failed his final exam.
One morning, when Einstein was holding a fishing rod（钓鱼竿）and would go fishing with his friends, his father stopped him and said calmly, “Einstein, you spent so much time playing that you failed your exam. I’m worried about your future.”
“What are you worried about Jack and Robert also failed, but they still will go fishing.”
Then his father told him a story.
“There were two cats playing on a roof. One cat fell down the chimney（烟囱）while holding the other cat. When the two cats climbed out of the chimney, one of the cats had soot（烟灰）on his face, while the other cat’s face was clean. Seeing the dirty cat, the clean cat thought its face must be dirty, so it quickly ran to the river and washed its face. The dirty cat saw the clean cat and thought its face was also clean, so it just swaggered down the street.”
“Einstein, no one can be your ‘mirror’. You have to think for yourself. If you just do what everyone else does, you will never learn.”
Hearing this, Einstein put down his fishing rod and returned to his room. He decided to pay more attention to his studies and less attention to what his friends were doing. This allowed him to be successful.
51．From the passage, we can know that Einstein __________.
A．was not good at maths B．played with mischievous kids
C．didn’t play often D．didn’t take his final exam
52．The underlined word “swaggered” means “__________” in Chinese.
A．大摇大摆地走 B．小心翼翼地走 C．缩头缩脑地走 D．畏首畏尾地走
53．Which of the following is TRUE
A．Both cats washed their faces clean. B．The clean cat didn’t wash its face.
C．The dirty cat washed its face clean. D．Both cats made the wrong decision.
54．Einstein decided to __________ after hearing what his father said.
A．stay at home every day B．pay more attention to his studies
C．make more friends D．give up fishing
55．What can we learn from the passage
A．Don’t play with the mischievous kids.
B．It’s boring to go fishing.
C．Don’t look to others when deciding how to behave.
D．Don’t argue with our parents.
【答案】51．B
52．A
53．D
54．B
55．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲少年时的爱因斯坦爱和小伙伴一起玩导致考试不及格，爸爸一番教导后他改变了自己，投入更多注意力在学习上，最终取得成功。
51．
细节理解题。根据“At the age of 16, Einstein always played with a group of mischievous（顽皮捣蛋的）kids.”可知16岁时，爱因斯坦和一群顽皮的孩子一起玩，故选B。
52．
词义猜测题。根据“The dirty cat saw the clean cat and thought its face was also clean, so it just... down the street.”可知脸上脏了的猫以为自己脸上是干净的，就不会担心形象，故应是大摇大摆地走，故选A。
53．
细节理解题。根据“Seeing the dirty cat, the clean cat thought its face must be dirty...so it just swaggered down the street”可知干净的猫洗了脸，而脏的猫没有洗脸，两只猫都做了错误的决定，故选D。
54．
细节理解题。根据“He decided to pay more attention to his studies and less attention to what his friends were doing.”可知爱因斯坦听了爸爸的话于是更加注意学习了，故选B。
55．
主旨大意题。根据“Einstein, no one can be your ‘mirror’. You have to think for yourself. If you just do what everyone else does, you will never learn.”可知爸爸对爱因斯坦的教育体现出不要跟风，要有自己的想法，这样才会有成长，这和C选项“当决定如何表现时不要看别人”一致，故选C。
In our daily life, robots are often found to do work that is too dangerous, boring, difficult, or dirty. And we often see kids play with toy robots. But what exactly is a robot There are some important characteristics（特征）that a robot must have.
Sensing: First of all, your robot would have to be able to sense the environment around it. Give your robot sensors（传感器）; light sensors（eye）; touch sensors（hands）, chemical sensors（nose）, hearing sensors（ears）and taste sensors（tongue）.
Movement: A robot needs to be able to move around its environment. It can move on wheels, walk on legs or be driven by small engines（发动机）. A robot can move either the whole body or just parts of it.
Energy: A robot needs to be able to power itself. Some robots might power itself with sunlight, some might with electricity, while others with the battery（电池）. The way your robot gets its energy will depend on what your robot needs to do.
Intelligence: A robot needs some kind of “smarts”. A programmer（程序员）is the person who gives the robot its “smarts”. The robot will have to have a certain way to receive the program so that it knows what it is to do.
56．The chemical sensors may help a robot to __________.
A．see B．catch C．hear D．smell
57．In how many ways can a robot power itself according to the passage
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.
58．From the passage, we can know that __________.
A．a robot can only move the whole body
B．the light sensors may help a robot to hear
C．robots are very useful in our daily life
D．robots often do something easy for us
59．What is the main purpose of the passage
A．To help people understand what a robot is.
B．To tell what a robot can do in our life.
C．To describe the movement of a robot.
D．To introduce the history of robots.
60．You can read the passage in a __________.
A．guide book B．novel C．tr

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