资源简介

Unit 2 Saving the Earth
Topic 1 Pollution has caused too many problems.
班级___________ 姓名___________ 学号____________ 分数____________
（考试时间：60分钟 试卷满分：100分）
一、单项选择（每小题1分，共15分）
1．（2021·云南九年级二模）—How’s your day
—It’s ________. Because I have my favorite class today.
A．awful B．boring C．enjoyable D．normal
2．（2021·辽宁九年级一模）There is going to be an English movie in our school __________ the evening of June 30.
A．on B．at C．in D．for
3．（2021·浙江）—I read for at least two hours every day.
—Wow! That’s a great ________. Reading makes a full man.
A．excuse B．dream C．shame D．habit
4．（2021·河北张家口）Believe in yourself and you are sure to make a ________.
A．mess B．face C．mistake D．difference
5．（2021·江苏苏州·九年级月考）She found her lovely pet dog ________ and felt sad about the ________ of it.
A．losing; loss B．lose; losing C．lost; loss D．lost; lost
6．The teacher divided us ________ four groups.
A．in B．to C．into D．onto
7．（2020·浙江）Some animals _________ the tiger, the lion and the wolf are meat-eaters.
A．such like B．such as C．for example D．including
8．（2020·天津九年级月考）— How was your visit to Tibet
— ________. The scenery is amazing!
A．It was wonderful B．It was hard to say
C．I didn’t enjoy it D．It was unpleasant
9．Pollution does harm to our health and it makes people_____.
A．to feel terrible B．feel terrible C．to feel terribly D．feel terribly
10．（2020·全国九年级课时练习）There is _____ pollution in the world. We must stop it.
A．much too B．too much C．many too D．too many
11．（2020·重庆九年级期中）—Don't eat too much candy, for it's_____ your teeth.
—Oh, I get it. Thank you.
A．harm to B．good for C．badly to D．harmful to
12．（2021·合肥市第四十五中学九年级二模）—Mary, please try some beef.
—-Thanks, it tastes ________. I want more.
A．terrible B．well C．good D．awful
13．（2021·包头市第二十九中学）Mr. Li gave the textbooks to all the students ______ the ones who had already taken away.
A．except B．including C．among D．with
14．（2021·天津九年级二模）My mother felt so tired yesterday that she fell asleep ________ in bed after supper.
A．recently B．suddenly C．hardly D．immediately
15．（2021·江西省彭泽私立新星学校九年级一模）If you have a lot of ________ in your life, you should take more exercise.
A．dream B．stress C．space D．waste
二、完型填空（每小题1分，共10分）
Some people say they have a solution to the problems of car crowding and pollution. In many cities, hundreds of people 16 bikes to work every day. In the New York City, some bike riders have even founded a group: Bike for a Better City. They say if more people ride bikes to work, there would be 17 cars and less dirty air.
For several years this group has tried to gather help for bike riders. They want to have special roads 18 bikes only, because when bikes and cars use the same roads, there may be accidents. Bike for a Better City thinks if there were bike roads, more people would use bikes.
But no bike roads have been established 19 . Not everyone thinks it is a good 20 . Drivers don’t like it, and some shop owners don’t like it, 21 . And most people live 22 far from the city to travel by bike. Still, 23 has been done about it. On Saturdays and Sundays, the largest open park in New York is 24 to cars, and the roads may be used by bikes only, but the group still says this is not enough and goes on fighting 25 bike roads. I think there will be more bike roads in the future.
16．A．on B．ride C．by D．take
17．A．fewer B．less C．many D．more
18．A．until B．for C．as D．of
19．A．yet B．already C．still D．once
20．A．hope B．way C．help D．idea
21．A．so B．and C．also D．either
22．A．very B．quite C．too D．so
23．A．everything B．something C．anything D．nothing
24．A．closed B．open C．opening D．closing
25．A．get B．to get C．ask D．to ask
三、阅读单选（每小题2分，共40分）
A
The earth is about 4,600 million years old. Modern man has lived on the earth for only 35,000 years, but during that time, we have changed our planet in many ways. Many of the things that we have done are good, but more are not good for the earth.
Water Pollution
A lot of people, birds and fish die each day because of water pollution. Factories have polluted the land and the water. As a result, many rivers and lakes are now dead.
Air Pollution
In big cities, factories, as well as cars, trucks and buses are the main causes of air pollution. Many people in cities now have serious health problems. For example, Mexico city used to be a beautiful sunny capital, but today it is always covered by thick brown clouds.
Soil Pollution
In order to have a good harvest, most of the farmers use chemicals too much in their fields. That’s bad for the soil. But this kind of pollution is difficult to stop.
Hope For The Future
These problems are very serious for our future, so all of us should do something to improve our environment. If we can stop pollution, our planet will become more and more beautiful and our health will be better. Let’s be greener people!
根据短文内容，选择正确答案。
26．_____ have made the earth change a lot.
A．Human beings B．Animals C．Plants D．People in other planets
27．There are _____ kinds of pollution in this passage.
A．two B．three C．four D．five
28．_____ is a big problem now.
A．Pollution. B．Population. C．Education D．Medical treatment
29．Which sentence is NOT true according to the passage
A．Most of the things that we have done are good for our planet.
B．We must stop the factories from pouring waste water into the rivers and lakes.
C．Because of water pollution, many rivers and lakes are now dead.
D．Water pollution is very serious nowadays.
30．Which sentence is TRUE
A．Though Mexico city is always covered by thick brown clouds, it’s still a beautiful sunny capital.
B．Air pollution can make people sick.
C．Now fewer farmers use chemicals in the fields.
D．Factories, cars, trucks and buses are the main causes of soil pollution.
B
（2021·河南）
Is the whale the world's largest fish No. It looks like a fish, but it is really a mammal（哺乳动物）. Then what's the world's largest fish It's the whale shark（鲸鲨）.
Although the whale shark is our biggest fish and lives in many oceans（海洋）around the world, few people have ever heard of it. Scientists have not been studying whale sharks for very long. Much more needs to be learned about them.
A whale shark is sometimes called a “gentle giant（温柔的巨人）”. It likes to be alone and doesn't care a bit about divers or humans. The biggest whale shark weighed 24,250 pounds and was nearly 40 feet long. This makes it heavier and longer than a school bus.
Inside its huge mouth are great numbers of very small teeth. To count all of them, you'll need to do some math. The whale shark's teeth are arranged in rows. There are between eleven and thirteen rows on each jaw（颚）and around three hundred teeth in each row.
However, the whale shark rarely uses its teeth. It does not chew or bite its food. Large amounts of water are pulled into its mouth and then pushed out through its gills（鳃）.
For a few months every year, a group of whale sharks comes to Ningaloo Reef, off Western Australia. This gives scientists a wonderful chance to study the large fish. Whale sharks do live in other oceans of the world, but no one knows their population. It is possible that our biggest fish may need protecting. It is one of the reasons why scientists continue to learn all they can about these gentle giants.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
31．Little is known about whale sharks because scientists____________.
A．are not interested in learning about them B．find them too difficult to catch
C．do not know the best places to find them D．have studied them for a short time
32．Which sentence can tell us that whale sharks are gentle
A．They have large mouths. B．They leave divers alone.
C．They have small eyes. D．They live in many oceans.
33．How does the writer help us know what the whale shark's mouth looks like
A．By giving reasons. B．By describing colors.
C．By comparing sizes. D．By using numbers.
34．The fifth paragraph is mainly about____________.
A．how a whale shark eats B．what a whale shark eats
C．how different fish use their gills D．what's inside a whale shark's mouth
35．Which of the following is the best title for the article
A．Gentle Giants B．The Diary of a Sailor
C．The Largest Animal D．My Life on the Sea
C
Air pollution comes from factories, power stations and cars. Chemicals in the smoke from power stations cause a lot of damage（损害；毁坏）. They can travel hundreds of miles in the wind before falling to the ground in the rain. And this “chemical rain” gradually（逐渐地）destroys trees in the forests and kills fish in the lakes. In Germany, over 50% of the country’s trees had been damaged by the year 1986.
Time and time again there are serious accidents that pollute the air. In 1986 there was a serious accident at a nuclear power station in Russia. A cloud of radiation flew across the whole Europe. It is said that 125,000 people died in Russia as a result of illness caused by this accident.
In 1984 there was a serious accident at a factory in India and a cloud of dangerous gas covered the town of Bhopal. Over 2,500 people were killed that night, and hundreds of thousands of people were injured (受伤的). Many of the injured lost their sight.
36．Air pollution comes from _____.
A．factories B．power stations C．cars D．all of the above
37．According to the passage, which sentence is right
A．Chemicals in the smoke from power stations can’t travel far in the wind.
B．“Chemical rain” is good for the trees.
C．Chemicals in the smoke from power stations are very safe.
D．“Chemical rain” is bad for our environment.
38．In Germany, how many trees had been damaged by the year 1986
A．A quarter. B．A half. C．Three quarters. D．A third.
39．What was the result of the accident that happened in Russia in 1986
A．Over 2,500 people were killed. B．Many people couldn’t walk.
C．Many people lost their sight. D．Compared(比较) with the accident in India, more people died.
40．From the sentence “Many of the injured lost their sight.” we can know _____.
A．the gas covered the town of Bhopal at that time was poisonous (有毒的)
B．gradually the injured could see everything
C．many of the injured couldn’t see anything any more
D．Both A and C
D
Some countries are building a great wall of tree across Africa. It is called the Great Green Wall. They want to bring life to the dry lands and help to fight the bad environment.
The wall is 8, 000 kilometers long and 15 kilometers wide. It covers from Senegal in the west to Djibouti in the east, on the south of the Sahara Desert. So far, Senegal has made the best progress by planting about 11,000,000 trees.
Many years ago, there were few trees in that area and the winds used to be very strong. It was bad to the fields. Also, there was little rain, so few plants could grow and many people were hungry. Since the tree planting project started, the trees have provided food for the local people, the air has become better. Little by little, there were green fields for people to grow plants.
The project began in 2007. It is supposed to cost 8, 000, 000, 000 dollars. Many countries are trying their best to help to plant more trees. So we will be able to see the whole green wall across Africa in the near future!
41．Why are the countries building the wall of trees
A．To make more money.
B．Just to make the air better.
C．Only to provide food for the local people.
D．To bring life to the dry lands and help to fight the bad environment.
42．The Great Green Wall is ________ kilometers.
A．2007 B．8000 C．11 000 000 D．8 000 000 000
43．Where is the great wall of trees
A．It’s on the south of Senegal. B．It’s on the south of the Sahara Desert.
C．It’s on the north of Djibouti. D．It’s on the east of the Sahara Desert.
44．Why couldn’t many plants grow in that area many years ago
A．Because there was weak wind.
B．Because there were more rain.
C．Because there were few trees, strong wind and little rain.
D．Because there were a few trees and little rain.
45．What is the passage mainly about
A．The dry lands. B．Few trees in Africa.
C．The Great Green Wall. D．The bad air in Sahara Desert.
四、短文首字母填空（每小题1分，共10分）
（2021·滨海县第一初级中学九年级一模）
When there is something wrong with your pen, or you have some food that you haven’t eaten up, what do you do with these things You will probably t46． them into a rubbish bin. But actually, all of these pieces of waste n47． to be sorted (分类) separately so that a part of them can be recycled. As we know, metal and bottles are reusable things. We can separate them from litter and reuse them.
In recent years, some Chinese cities have been working hard on it. Shanghai has worked with Alipay (支付宝) to create a “green account (账户)” service for its people. Users get points by c48． sorting their rubbish and can exchange the points for milk, phones and other products t49． Alipay. The city is a50． all of its people to sort rubbish into four groups: wet, recyclable, harmful and dry.
Wet waste is things you don’t want but that pigs can eat. Paper, metal and o51． things that can be reused are recyclable waste.
Harmful waste i52． things like medicine and batteries. Finally, other waste will go in the “dry waste” bin.
Many other cities use this method to sort their rubbish. For e53．, Shenzhen has been sorting its rubbish since 2012. China is improving its waste-sorting work though it costs a lot. There is s54． a long way to go. But it’s never too late to learn how to sort your rubbish properly and p55． the environment.
五、补全对话7选5（每小题2分，共10分）
（2021·内蒙古鄂尔多斯·中考真题）
A: Hey, what will you do with your used disposable（一次性的）masks
B: I’ll throw them away. 56．
A: Don’t throw away masks carelessly! 57．
B: You mean I should keep these useless things at home.
A: 58． But do you know useless masks are harmful to the earth They may break into smaller plastic particles that spread widely in the environment.
B: Oh, I see. 59．
A: You can put them into mask-only trash bins or you can use reusable masks.
B: OK. 60． I’ll do that.
A: Great.
A．I’m not saying that.
B．I think you are right.
C．How do you know that
D．That sounds very boring.
E.I don’t need them any more.
F.It’s dangerous to the environment.
G.So what do you think I should do then
六、材料作文（共15分）
（2021·广西中考真题）
近年来、环境恶化导致的问题日益凸显。假如你是某中学学生会主席李华，请你以学生会的名义向同学们发出倡议，呼吁大家从小事做起，为保护环境尽一份力。
提示：（一）措施
1.节约水电；
2.少用塑料袋，不乱扔垃圾；
3.绿色出行，如乘公交车、骑自行车、步行上学或购物等；
（二）提出希望
要求：1.文章必须包括所给提示内容，可展开思路；适当发挥；
2.文中不能出现真实姓名、校名和其他真实信息；
3.80词左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Unit 2 Saving the Earth
Topic 1 Pollution has caused too many problems.
班级___________ 姓名___________ 学号____________ 分数____________
（考试时间：60分钟 试卷满分：100分）
一、单项选择（每小题1分，共15分）
1．（2021·云南九年级二模）—How’s your day
—It’s ________. Because I have my favorite class today.
A．awful B．boring C．enjoyable D．normal
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——今天怎么样？——很愉快。因为今天我有最喜欢的课。考查形容词辨析。awful可怕的；boring无聊的；enjoyable愉快的；normal正常的。根据后句“Because I have my favorite class today.”可推知，应是很愉快。故选C。
2．（2021·辽宁九年级一模）There is going to be an English movie in our school __________ the evening of June 30.
A．on B．at C．in D．for
【答案】A
【详解】句意：6月30日晚上我们学校将会有一场英语电影。考查介词辨析。on在具体某一天或具体某一天的上午、下午或晚上；at后跟具体的时刻；in泛指在上午、下午或晚上；用在年、月、季节前；for后跟一段时间。空后指的是6月30日的晚上，应用on。故选A。
3．（2021·浙江）—I read for at least two hours every day.
—Wow! That’s a great ________. Reading makes a full man.
A．excuse B．dream C．shame D．habit
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——我每天至少阅读2个小时。——哇！那真是一个很好的习惯。阅读使人充实。考查名词辨析。excuse理由；dream梦想；shame羞愧；habit习惯；根据“I read for at least two hours every day”可知，此空是赞叹对方有很好的习惯，所以空格处填habit。故选D。
4．（2021·河北张家口）Believe in yourself and you are sure to make a ________.
A．mess B．face C．mistake D．difference
【答案】D
【详解】句意：相信自己，你一定会有所作为。考查名词辨析。mess杂乱、不整洁；face脸；mistake错误；difference不同。根据前半句“Believe in yourself”可推知，后句是make a difference短语，即有所作为。故选D。
5．（2021·江苏苏州·九年级月考）She found her lovely pet dog ________ and felt sad about the ________ of it.
A．losing; loss B．lose; losing C．lost; loss D．lost; lost
【答案】C
【详解】句意：她发现她可爱的宠物狗丢了，感到很难过。考查词义辨析。losing丢失，动名词；loss丢失，名词；lost丢失，动词过去式，丢失的，形容词。find表示“发现”，固定搭配：find sth+形容词，表示“发现某物……”，故第一空填形容词lost。定冠词the后接名词，the+n+of sth，故第二空填名词loss，故选C。
6．The teacher divided us ________ four groups.
A．in B．to C．into D．onto
【答案】C
【详解】句意：老师将我们分成四组。考查介词辨析。in在……里面；to到；into到……里面；onto到……上面。divide...into...意为“把……分成……”。故选C。
7．（2020·浙江）Some animals _________ the tiger, the lion and the wolf are meat-eaters.
A．such like B．such as C．for example D．including
【答案】B
【详解】句意：一些动物例如老虎，狮子和狼都是食肉动物。考查介词和介词短语。such like 相似的东西，常放句末使用；such as 例如，后可接几个例子，但不能例举完整；for example 例如，后接一个具体的例子；including 包括，使用时前面需加逗号。空格前没有逗号，空格后有3个例子，故选B。
8．（2020·天津九年级月考）— How was your visit to Tibet
— ________. The scenery is amazing!
A．It was wonderful B．It was hard to say
C．I didn’t enjoy it D．It was unpleasant
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你的西藏之行怎么样？——太棒了。风景真是太美了！考查情景交际。It was wonderful 太棒了；It was hard to say 很难说；I didn’t enjoy it 我不喜欢；It was unpleasant 很不愉快。根据后一句“The scenery is amazing! 风景真是太美了！”可知旅行很棒，故选A。
9．Pollution does harm to our health and it makes people_____.
A．to feel terrible B．feel terrible C．to feel terribly D．feel terribly
【答案】B
【解析】句意：污染对我们的健康有害，它使人感到可怕。考查动词短语辨析题。make sb.do让/使某人做……，固定表达，可排除AC两项。feel是感官动词，相当于系词，后接形容词，可排除C。根据句意结构和语境，可知选B。
10．（2020·全国九年级课时练习）There is _____ pollution in the world. We must stop it.
A．much too B．too much C．many too D．too many
【答案】B
【详解】试题分析：句意为：世界上的污染太严重了，我们必须控制它。much too太，修饰形容词或副词；too much 太多，修饰不可数名词；too many 太多，修饰可数名词。根据句意和空后的pollution可知答案选B。
11．（2020·重庆九年级期中）—Don't eat too much candy, for it's_____ your teeth.
—Oh, I get it. Thank you.
A．harm to B．good for C．badly to D．harmful to
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——不要吃太多糖。因为它对你的牙齿有害。——哦，我知道了，谢谢你。考查形容词短语。be good for对……有好处；be harmful to对……有害；do harm to对……有害，根据所给空前面it's可知，后面应该用形容词，排除A和C，由Don't eat too much candy可知，应该是因为它对你的牙齿有害，排除B，故选D。
12．（2021·合肥市第四十五中学九年级二模）—Mary, please try some beef.
—-Thanks, it tastes ________. I want more.
A．terrible B．well C．good D．awful
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——玛丽，请吃些牛肉。——谢谢。它品尝起来很美味。我想要更多。考查形容词。terrible糟糕，可怕的；well好地；good好的；awful糟糕。根据“I want more ”可知表达“品尝起来很美味”，用形容词“good”做表语。故选C。
13．（2021·包头市第二十九中学）Mr. Li gave the textbooks to all the students ______ the ones who had already taken away.
A．except B．including C．among D．with
【答案】A
【详解】句意：李老师把课本发给了所有的学生，除了那些已经拿走的学生。考查介词辨析。except除……之外；including包括；among在……之中；with和……一起。根据语境可推测，已经带走课本的就已经有课本了，不必重复发放，也就是说李老师只需把课本发放给除已经拿走课本以外的学生。故选A。
14．（2021·天津九年级二模）My mother felt so tired yesterday that she fell asleep ________ in bed after supper.
A．recently B．suddenly C．hardly D．immediately
【答案】D
【详解】句意：我妈妈昨天感到很累，晚饭后她在床上马上睡着了。考查副词辨析。recently最近；suddenly突然；hardly几乎不；immediately立即，马上。根据“My mother felt so tired”可知，妈妈很累，所以晚饭后马上睡着了。故选D。
15．（2021·江西省彭泽私立新星学校九年级一模）If you have a lot of ________ in your life, you should take more exercise.
A．dream B．stress C．space D．waste
【答案】B
【详解】句意：如果你的生活压力很大，你应该多锻炼。考查名词辨析。dream梦想；stress压力；space空间；waste浪费。根据“you should take more exercise.”及选项分析可知，应该是多运动，可以减压。故选B。
二、完型填空（每小题1分，共10分）
Some people say they have a solution to the problems of car crowding and pollution. In many cities, hundreds of people 16 bikes to work every day. In the New York City, some bike riders have even founded a group: Bike for a Better City. They say if more people ride bikes to work, there would be 17 cars and less dirty air.
For several years this group has tried to gather help for bike riders. They want to have special roads 18 bikes only, because when bikes and cars use the same roads, there may be accidents. Bike for a Better City thinks if there were bike roads, more people would use bikes.
But no bike roads have been established 19 . Not everyone thinks it is a good 20 . Drivers don’t like it, and some shop owners don’t like it, 21 . And most people live 22 far from the city to travel by bike. Still, 23 has been done about it. On Saturdays and Sundays, the largest open park in New York is 24 to cars, and the roads may be used by bikes only, but the group still says this is not enough and goes on fighting 25 bike roads. I think there will be more bike roads in the future.
16．A．on B．ride C．by D．take
17．A．fewer B．less C．many D．more
18．A．until B．for C．as D．of
19．A．yet B．already C．still D．once
20．A．hope B．way C．help D．idea
21．A．so B．and C．also D．either
22．A．very B．quite C．too D．so
23．A．everything B．something C．anything D．nothing
24．A．closed B．open C．opening D．closing
25．A．get B．to get C．ask D．to ask
【答案】
16．B17．A18．B19．A20．D
21．D22．C23．B24．A25．B
【分析】本文讲述了人们为了解决空气污染和汽车拥堵，骑自行车去上班。在纽约市，一些骑自行车的人甚至成立了一个团体:自行车让城市更美好。这个团体认为如果有自行车通道，更多的人会使用自行车。但是还没有建立自行车通道。
16．考查介词短语和动词短语及语境的理解。A. on在……上面，on a bike骑自行车，B. ride 骑，ride bikes自行车，C. by 通过，by bike骑自行车，D. take拿走，take a bike骑自行车。句意：在许多城市，每天好几百人骑自行车去上班。从作谓语，故用动词短语，ride bikes骑自行车，故选B。
17．考查形容词及语境的理解。A. fewer 更少的，修饰可数名词；B. less 更少的，修饰不可数名词；C. many很多的，修饰不可数名词；D. more更多的，修饰可数名词或不可数名词。句意：他们说如果更多的人自行车去上班，将会有更少的车和更少的污浊空气。根据less dirty air可知此处表示更少的汽车，此处修饰可数名词cars，故为fewer，故选A。
18．考查介词及语境的理解。A. until直到，B. for 为了，C. as作为，D. of……的。句意：他们想要拥有专为自行车的通道，因为当自行车和汽车使用同样的路时，可能会有事故。根据后文的Bike for a Better City thinks if there were bike roads, more people would use bikes.可知专为自行车的路，故用介词for，故选B。
19．考查副词及语境的理解。A. yet 然而，用于一般疑问句或否定句；B. already已经，用于肯定句；C. still 仍然，D. once曾经。句意：但是还没有建立自行车通道。根据no bike roads可知此处表示还没有建立自行车通道，故用yet，故选A。
20．考查名词及语境的理解。A. hope希望，B. way方法，C. help帮助，D. idea主意。句意：不是所有的人都认为这是一个好主意。根据前文的Bike for a Better City thinks if there were bike roads, more people would use bikes.可知，此处表示想法，主意，故选D。
21．考查连词及语境的理解。A. so所以，B. and 而且，C. also也，位于句中；D. either也，用于否定句句末。句意：司机不喜欢它，一些店主也不喜欢它。根据don’t like it可知此处是否定句句末，故用either，故选D。
22．考查副词及语境的理解。A. very非常， B. quite 相当，C. too 太，D. so如此。句意：大多数人住得离城市太远而无法骑自行车旅行。too+形容词/副词+to do sth“太……而不能做某事”，故选C。
23．考查代词及语境的理解。A. everything一切，B. something 某物，C. anything 任何事物，D. nothing没什么。句意：尽管如此，我们还是采取了一些措施。此处是肯定句，故用something，故选B。
24．考查动词及语境的理解。A. closed关，B. open打开，C. opening打开，D. closing关上。句意：在周六和周日，纽约最大的开放公园对汽车关闭，道路可以只供自行车使用，但该组织仍表示这是不够的，并继续争取修建自行车通道。根据and the roads may be used by bikes only,可知道路只让自行车使用，因此汽车通行的道路被关闭，故为closed，故选A。
25．考查动词及语境的理解。A. get 得到，B. to get 得到，C. ask 询问，D. to ask询问。句意：在周六和周日，纽约最大的开放公园对汽车关闭，道路可以只供自行车使用，但该组织仍表示这是不够的，并继续争取修建自行车通道。此处表示目的，故用动词不定式，表示为了得到更多的自行车通道，故为to get，故选B。
三、阅读单选（每小题2分，共40分）
A
The earth is about 4,600 million years old. Modern man has lived on the earth for only 35,000 years, but during that time, we have changed our planet in many ways. Many of the things that we have done are good, but more are not good for the earth.
Water Pollution
A lot of people, birds and fish die each day because of water pollution. Factories have polluted the land and the water. As a result, many rivers and lakes are now dead.
Air Pollution
In big cities, factories, as well as cars, trucks and buses are the main causes of air pollution. Many people in cities now have serious health problems. For example, Mexico city used to be a beautiful sunny capital, but today it is always covered by thick brown clouds.
Soil Pollution
In order to have a good harvest, most of the farmers use chemicals too much in their fields. That’s bad for the soil. But this kind of pollution is difficult to stop.
Hope For The Future
These problems are very serious for our future, so all of us should do something to improve our environment. If we can stop pollution, our planet will become more and more beautiful and our health will be better. Let’s be greener people!
根据短文内容，选择正确答案。
26．_____ have made the earth change a lot.
A．Human beings B．Animals C．Plants D．People in other planets
27．There are _____ kinds of pollution in this passage.
A．two B．three C．four D．five
28．_____ is a big problem now.
A．Pollution. B．Population. C．Education D．Medical treatment
29．Which sentence is NOT true according to the passage
A．Most of the things that we have done are good for our planet.
B．We must stop the factories from pouring waste water into the rivers and lakes.
C．Because of water pollution, many rivers and lakes are now dead.
D．Water pollution is very serious nowadays.
30．Which sentence is TRUE
A．Though Mexico city is always covered by thick brown clouds, it’s still a beautiful sunny capital.
B．Air pollution can make people sick.
C．Now fewer farmers use chemicals in the fields.
D．Factories, cars, trucks and buses are the main causes of soil pollution.
【答案】26．A27．B28．A29．A30．B
【分析】本文讲述了水污染，空气污染，土壤污染对地球的伤害和对未来的希望。
26．考查细节理解。根据第1段第2句Modern man has lived on the earth for only 35,000 years, but during that time, we have changed our planet in many ways.（现代人在地球上只生活了35000年，但在这期间，我们在许多方面改变了我们的星球。）可知人类已经使地球改变许多；故选A。
27．考查细节理解。通读全文可知本文讲述了三种污染（第2段至第4段）：水污染，空气污染和土壤污染。故选B。
28．考查主旨理解。本文主要讲述污染的危害，可知污染是现在是个大问题。A.污染B.人口C.教育D.医疗。故选A。
29．考查推理判断。A. Most of the things that we have done are good for our planet. 我们所做的大多数事情对我们的星球都有好处。根据第1段最后一句Many of the things that we have done are good, but more are not good for the earth.（我们所做的许多事是好的，但更多的是对地球不好的。）可知A错误；故选A。
30．考查推理判断。B. Air pollution can make people sick. 空气污染会使人生病。根据第3段中In big cities, factories, as well as cars, trucks and buses are the main causes of air pollution. Many people in cities now have serious health problems.（在大城市，工厂以及汽车、卡车和公共汽车是造成空气污染的主要原因。现在许多城市的人都有严重的健康问题。）可知“空气污染会使人生病。”故B正确，选B。
B
（2021·河南）
Is the whale the world's largest fish No. It looks like a fish, but it is really a mammal（哺乳动物）. Then what's the world's largest fish It's the whale shark（鲸鲨）.
Although the whale shark is our biggest fish and lives in many oceans（海洋）around the world, few people have ever heard of it. Scientists have not been studying whale sharks for very long. Much more needs to be learned about them.
A whale shark is sometimes called a “gentle giant（温柔的巨人）”. It likes to be alone and doesn't care a bit about divers or humans. The biggest whale shark weighed 24,250 pounds and was nearly 40 feet long. This makes it heavier and longer than a school bus.
Inside its huge mouth are great numbers of very small teeth. To count all of them, you'll need to do some math. The whale shark's teeth are arranged in rows. There are between eleven and thirteen rows on each jaw（颚）and around three hundred teeth in each row.
However, the whale shark rarely uses its teeth. It does not chew or bite its food. Large amounts of water are pulled into its mouth and then pushed out through its gills（鳃）.
For a few months every year, a group of whale sharks comes to Ningaloo Reef, off Western Australia. This gives scientists a wonderful chance to study the large fish. Whale sharks do live in other oceans of the world, but no one knows their population. It is possible that our biggest fish may need protecting. It is one of the reasons why scientists continue to learn all they can about these gentle giants.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
31．Little is known about whale sharks because scientists____________.
A．are not interested in learning about them B．find them too difficult to catch
C．do not know the best places to find them D．have studied them for a short time
32．Which sentence can tell us that whale sharks are gentle
A．They have large mouths. B．They leave divers alone.
C．They have small eyes. D．They live in many oceans.
33．How does the writer help us know what the whale shark's mouth looks like
A．By giving reasons. B．By describing colors.
C．By comparing sizes. D．By using numbers.
34．The fifth paragraph is mainly about____________.
A．how a whale shark eats B．what a whale shark eats
C．how different fish use their gills D．what's inside a whale shark's mouth
35．Which of the following is the best title for the article
A．Gentle Giants B．The Diary of a Sailor
C．The Largest Animal D．My Life on the Sea
【答案】31．D32．B33．D34．A35．A
【分析】本文主要介绍了海洋中的鲸鲨，科学家研究的时间并不长，因此所知道的内容也不多，鲸鲨有时被称为“温和的巨人”。它喜欢独处，一点也不在乎潜水员和人类。
31．细节理解题。根据文章内容“Scientists have not been studying whale sharks for very long.”科学家们研究鲸鲨的时间不长。可知，研究时间短是知道的少的原因，故选D。
32．细节理解题。根据文章内容“It likes to be alone and doesn't care a bit about divers or humans.”它喜欢独处，一点也不在乎潜水员和人类。故选B。
33．推理判断题。根据文章内容“…do some math. The whale shark's teeth are arranged in rows. There are between eleven and thirteen rows on each jaw（颚）and around three hundred teeth in each row. ”可知，作者通过数字，向我们展示了鲸鲨的牙齿，故选D。
34．段落大意题。根据文章内容“However, the whale shark rarely uses its teeth.”可知，本段主要讲述鲸鲨不用它的牙齿吃东西，而用它的鳃，故选A。
35．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了鲸鲨这一庞然大物，人们称它为温柔的巨人，故选A。
C
Air pollution comes from factories, power stations and cars. Chemicals in the smoke from power stations cause a lot of damage（损害；毁坏）. They can travel hundreds of miles in the wind before falling to the ground in the rain. And this “chemical rain” gradually（逐渐地）destroys trees in the forests and kills fish in the lakes. In Germany, over 50% of the country’s trees had been damaged by the year 1986.
Time and time again there are serious accidents that pollute the air. In 1986 there was a serious accident at a nuclear power station in Russia. A cloud of radiation flew across the whole Europe. It is said that 125,000 people died in Russia as a result of illness caused by this accident.
In 1984 there was a serious accident at a factory in India and a cloud of dangerous gas covered the town of Bhopal. Over 2,500 people were killed that night, and hundreds of thousands of people were injured (受伤的). Many of the injured lost their sight.
36．Air pollution comes from _____.
A．factories B．power stations C．cars D．all of the above
37．According to the passage, which sentence is right
A．Chemicals in the smoke from power stations can’t travel far in the wind.
B．“Chemical rain” is good for the trees.
C．Chemicals in the smoke from power stations are very safe.
D．“Chemical rain” is bad for our environment.
38．In Germany, how many trees had been damaged by the year 1986
A．A quarter. B．A half. C．Three quarters. D．A third.
39．What was the result of the accident that happened in Russia in 1986
A．Over 2,500 people were killed. B．Many people couldn’t walk.
C．Many people lost their sight. D．Compared(比较) with the accident in India, more people died.
40．From the sentence “Many of the injured lost their sight.” we can know _____.
A．the gas covered the town of Bhopal at that time was poisonous (有毒的)
B．gradually the injured could see everything
C．many of the injured couldn’t see anything any more
D．Both A and C
【答案】36．D37．D38．B39．D40．D
【解析】文章大意: 空气污染于工厂、发电站和汽车的尾气。混合于烟雾中的化学物质对自然和人类造成了极大的伤害。
36．细节理解题。由文章的第一句话Air pollution comes from factories, power stations and cars. 中得知空气污染来自工厂、发电站和汽车。故选D。
37．推理判断题。从And this“chemical rain”gradually destroys trees in the forests and kills fish in the lakes. 中得知chemical rain对环境有害。故选D。
38．推理判断题。根据In Germany, over 50% of the country’s trees had been damaged by the year 1986.可知，在1986年，德国超过百分之五十的树木遭到破坏。因此是一半的树木被破坏，a quarter 四分之一；a half 一半 three quarters 四分之三；a third 三分之一。故选B。
39．推理判断题。根据It is said that 125,000 people died in Russia as a result of illness caused by this accident.可知，俄国在1986年由于这次事故导致的疾病，死去12万5千人，根据In 1984 there was a serious accident at a factory in India and a cloud of dangerous gas covered the town of Bhopal. Over 2,500 people were killed that night,可知印度在1984年因为工厂的严重事故，导致2500多人死去，因此这两个国家的事故进行比较，俄国死去的人更多。故选D。
40．推理判断题。Over 2,500 people were killed that night, and hundreds of thousands of people were injured (受伤的). Many of the injured lost their sight.可知， lose one’s sight 意为“失明”；人们接触到这种有害气体导致失明，证明这种气体有毒，故AC两项也正确。故选D。
D
Some countries are building a great wall of tree across Africa. It is called the Great Green Wall. They want to bring life to the dry lands and help to fight the bad environment.
The wall is 8, 000 kilometers long and 15 kilometers wide. It covers from Senegal in the west to Djibouti in the east, on the south of the Sahara Desert. So far, Senegal has made the best progress by planting about 11,000,000 trees.
Many years ago, there were few trees in that area and the winds used to be very strong. It was bad to the fields. Also, there was little rain, so few plants could grow and many people were hungry. Since the tree planting project started, the trees have provided food for the local people, the air has become better. Little by little, there were green fields for people to grow plants.
The project began in 2007. It is supposed to cost 8, 000, 000, 000 dollars. Many countries are trying their best to help to plant more trees. So we will be able to see the whole green wall across Africa in the near future!
41．Why are the countries building the wall of trees
A．To make more money.
B．Just to make the air better.
C．Only to provide food for the local people.
D．To bring life to the dry lands and help to fight the bad environment.
42．The Great Green Wall is ________ kilometers.
A．2007 B．8000 C．11 000 000 D．8 000 000 000
43．Where is the great wall of trees
A．It’s on the south of Senegal. B．It’s on the south of the Sahara Desert.
C．It’s on the north of Djibouti. D．It’s on the east of the Sahara Desert.
44．Why couldn’t many plants grow in that area many years ago
A．Because there was weak wind.
B．Because there were more rain.
C．Because there were few trees, strong wind and little rain.
D．Because there were a few trees and little rain.
45．What is the passage mainly about
A．The dry lands. B．Few trees in Africa.
C．The Great Green Wall. D．The bad air in Sahara Desert.
【答案】41．D42．B43．B44．C45．C
【分析】本文主要介绍了非洲的绿化防护林工程。
41．细节理解题。根据第一段“They want to bring life to the dry lands and help to fight the bad environment.”可知，一些国家建立树木屏障，是因为他们想给旱地带来生命，帮助对抗恶劣的环境，故选D。
42．细节理解题。根据第二段“The wall is 8, 000 kilometers long and 15 kilometers wide.”可知，防护林长8000公里，故选B。
43．细节理解题。根据第二段“It covers from Senegal in the west to Djibouti in the east, on the south of the Sahara Desert.”可知，防护林西起塞内加尔，东至吉布提，位于撒哈拉沙漠以南，故选B。
44．细节理解题。根据第三段“Many years ago, there were few trees in that area and the winds used to be very strong. It was bad to the fields. Also, there was little rain, so few plants could grow and many people were hungry. ”可知，许多年前，那个地区几乎没有树木，而且风很大，降水少，所以很少有植物生长，故选C。
45．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Some countries are building a great wall of tree across Africa. It is called the Great Green Wall.”可知，一些国家正在非洲建造防护林，它被称为绿色长城，所以本文主要介绍了非洲的绿色长城，故选C。
四、短文首字母填空（每小题1分，共10分）
（2021·滨海县第一初级中学九年级一模）
When there is something wrong with your pen, or you have some food that you haven’t eaten up, what do you do with these things You will probably t46． them into a rubbish bin. But actually, all of these pieces of waste n47． to be sorted (分类) separately so that a part of them can be recycled. As we know, metal and bottles are reusable things. We can separate them from litter and reuse them.
In recent years, some Chinese cities have been working hard on it. Shanghai has worked with Alipay (支付宝) to create a “green account (账户)” service for its people. Users get points by c48． sorting their rubbish and can exchange the points for milk, phones and other products t49． Alipay. The city is a50． all of its people to sort rubbish into four groups: wet, recyclable, harmful and dry.
Wet waste is things you don’t want but that pigs can eat. Paper, metal and o51． things that can be reused are recyclable waste.
Harmful waste i52． things like medicine and batteries. Finally, other waste will go in the “dry waste” bin.
Many other cities use this method to sort their rubbish. For e53．, Shenzhen has been sorting its rubbish since 2012. China is improving its waste-sorting work though it costs a lot. There is s54． a long way to go. But it’s never too late to learn how to sort your rubbish properly and p55． the environment.
【答案】
46．(t)hrow
47．(n)eed
48．(c)orrectly
49．(t)hrough
50．(a)sking
51．(o)ther
52．(i)ncludes
53．(e)xample
54．(s)till
55．(p)rotect
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文中以上海和深圳为例介绍了中国各城市推广的垃圾分类，这样的分类可以让可重复利用的物品循环使用，以此减少垃圾污染，保护我们的地球。
46．句意：你可能会把它们扔进垃圾桶里。根据“them into a rubbish bin”可知是扔进垃圾桶，throw扔，will后接动词原形。故填throw。
47．句意：但实际上，所有这些垃圾都需要分门别类，以便其中一部分可以回收利用。根据“all of these pieces of waste n... to be sorted separately”可推出垃圾需要被分类，need需要，根据主语“all of these pieces”可知用动词原形。故填need。
48．句意：用户通过正确分类垃圾获得积分，并可以通过支付宝兑换牛奶、手机和其他产品。根据“Users get points”可推出正确分类了才会有积分，修饰动词“sorting”用副词correctly，意为“正确地”。故填correctly。
49．句意：用户通过正确分类垃圾获得积分，并可以通过支付宝兑换牛奶、手机和其他产品。根据“Alipay”可推出是通过支付宝兑换物品，through通过。故填through。
50．句意：该市要求所有市民将垃圾分为四类：湿垃圾、可回收垃圾、有害垃圾和干垃圾。根据“The city is a... all of its people to sort rubbish into four groups”可知是要求人们把垃圾分成四类，ask sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事，is后用现在分词asking构成现在进行时。故填asking。
51．句意：纸张、金属和其他可以重复使用的东西都是可回收的废物。根据“Paper, metal and o... things that can be reused”可知是除了纸张、金属外的其他可重复使用的东西，other其他的。故填other。
52．句意：有害垃圾包括药品和电池等。根据“Harmful waste i... things like medicine and batteries.”可知空后是有害垃圾包含的东西，include包含，主语“waste”是不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式includes。故填includes。
53．句意：例如，深圳自2012年以来一直在进行垃圾分类。for example例如，固定搭配。故填example。
54．句意：还有很长的路要走。根据“a long way to go”可知依旧有很长路要走，still依旧。故填still。
55．句意：但是学习如何正确地分类垃圾和保护环境永远都不晚。根据“to learn how to sort your rubbish properly”结合常识可知垃圾分类是为了保护环境，protect保护，and连接两个并列的不定式结构，后面的不定式省略to。故填protect。
五、补全对话7选5（每小题2分，共10分）
（2021·内蒙古鄂尔多斯·中考真题）
A: Hey, what will you do with your used disposable（一次性的）masks
B: I’ll throw them away. 56．
A: Don’t throw away masks carelessly! 57．
B: You mean I should keep these useless things at home.
A: 58． But do you know useless masks are harmful to the earth They may break into smaller plastic particles that spread widely in the environment.
B: Oh, I see. 59．
A: You can put them into mask-only trash bins or you can use reusable masks.
B: OK. 60． I’ll do that.
A: Great.
A．I’m not saying that.
B．I think you are right.
C．How do you know that
D．That sounds very boring.
E.I don’t need them any more.
F.It’s dangerous to the environment.
G.So what do you think I should do then
【答案】56．E57．F58．A59．G60．B
【分析】对话是A与B两人谈论对于用过的一次性口罩应如何处理的内容。
56．根据“I’ll throw them away.”可知，戴过的口罩已经不再需要了，选项E“我不再需要它们了。”符合，故选E。
57．根据“Don’t throw away masks carelessly!”可知，这里应该是说不能随便扔口罩的理由，选项F“这对环境是危险的。”符合，故选F。
58．根据“You mean I should keep these useless things at home.”以及“But do you know useless masks are harmful to the earth ”可知，这里应该是反驳对方，自己说的不是那个意思，选项A“我不是这么说的。”符合，故选A。
59．根据“Oh, I see.”以及“You can put them into mask-only trash bins or you can use reusable masks.”可知，这里应该是询问对方应该如何做，选项G“那你觉得我该怎么办？”符合，故选G。
60．根据“You can put them into mask-only trash bins or you can use reusable masks.”以及“I’ll do that.”可知，这里应该是对对方提出的建议做出评价，应该是赞同的，选项B“我认为你是对的。”符合，故选B。
六、材料作文（共15分）
（2021·广西中考真题）
近年来、环境恶化导致的问题日益凸显。假如你是某中学学生会主席李华，请你以学生会的名义向同学们发出倡议，呼吁大家从小事做起，为保护环境尽一份力。
提示：（一）措施
1.节约水电；
2.少用塑料袋，不乱扔垃圾；
3.绿色出行，如乘公交车、骑自行车、步行上学或购物等；
（二）提出希望
要求：1.文章必须包括所给提示内容，可展开思路；适当发挥；
2.文中不能出现真实姓名、校名和其他真实信息；
3.80词左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
例文：
Dear friends,
The environmental problems are getting more and more serious nowadays. As students, we should do something to protect the environment.
First, it’s very important to save water and energy in our daily life. Don’t forget to turn off the lights when we leave the room. Second, we are supposed to reuse the plastic bags when shopping. What’s more, we shouldn’t throw rubbish everywhere. Third, we’d better walk, ride a bike or take the bus when we go out. Last but not least, we need to plant more trees and flowers to make the environment more beautiful.
How important it is for us to protect the environment! If we keep doing these things, I believe the environment will be better and better. Let’s do it together from now on.
the Students’ Union
【详解】
1.题干解读：本文是一篇材料作文。围绕“保护环境”写一篇作文。
2.写作指导：本文主要采用一般现在时。分为三段式：第一段引出主题；第二段提出保护环境的建议和措施；最后一段表达希望。写作时保持主谓一致性，逻辑性要强，无语法和标点错误。

展开更多......

收起↑