资源简介

高中英语语法填空做题技巧与真题练习
一、动词
1. 动词考察数量：3-5个
2. 谓语基本&进阶考察点
时态：一现、一过→现完、过完
语态：从2020年起，被动语态是重点
主谓一致：每年必考，长难句干扰逐渐加大
非谓语基本&进阶考察点：简单的to do、doing、done
难点：修饰、插入成分干扰加大，给判断词性、谓语或非谓语增加难度；综合性增强，涉及的步骤多
真题：
(2018年全国I卷) You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of ______ (die) early by running... To avoid knee pain, you can run on the soft surfaces, do exercises to ______ (strength) you leg muscles(肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes.
(2019年全国I卷) In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut ______(report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a belief that populations are increasing.
(2020年全国I卷) China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang’e-4probe(探测器) －the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese goddess －______ (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin.
(2020年新高考I卷) The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, ______ (form) the core collection of the British Museum which opened in 1759.
(2020年新高考I卷) The parts of a museum open to the public ______ (call) galleries or rooms. Often, only a small part of a museum’s collections ______ (be) on display.
(2021年新高考I卷) But that’s how nature is － always leaving us ______ (astonish).
(2021年新高考I卷) Thought it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure and offers a place where you can sit down to rest your ______ (ache) legs.
(keys：1. dying; strengthen touched 2. have reported 3.touched
4. formed 5. are called; is 6. astonished 7. aching)
二、名词
1. 基础考察：常考结构、常见搭配、高频词的变形
2. 进阶考察：
(1) 结构：熟悉过往较少考但常见的结构，如名词修饰名词等情况；
(2) 变形：在积累变形的过程中，要面面俱到，包括低频考察的难词；
(3) 技巧：“先判词性，再看词义”；提防“两道弯”的考法：先变n.，再变复数，或先变n，再变反义词等；熟悉长句拆解方法，提防长难句的干扰。
真题：
(2019年全国I卷) In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut have reported increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a ______ (believe) that populations are increasing.
(2020年全国I卷) The far side of the moon is of particular ______ (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters(环形山), more so than the familiar near side.
(2020年新高考I卷) Historical ______ (accurate) is important but so is entertainment.
(2021年新高考I卷) The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we ______ (human) are.
(2022届广州六中高三上期末考) When you exercise, your body produces some ______ (chemical) that make you feel peaceful and relaxed and increase your ability to concentrate when you study. ... A good amount of sleep every night is also important for your health. As a matter of fact, ______ (lose) of sleep can make you look tired, and even cause you to gain weight.
(keys: 1. belief 2. interest 3. accuracy 4. humans 5. chemicals; loss)
三、形容词、副词
1. 基础考察：常考结构、变形
adj.常考：作定语修饰n；作表语
adv.常考：谓语内部；be + adv. + adj.
比较级考法：通常有明显的比较级结构或标志词
2. 进阶考察：
adj. ：熟悉其他常考但为常考的结构；如adj.作宾补、名词所有格等；破解长难句干扰
adv.：熟悉其他常考但为常考的结构；如修饰句子、从句等；破解长难句干扰
比较级：稍低频的标志词，如even、a bit等；无标志词时根据意义解题；破解长难句干扰
▲ 根据意思识别加反义前缀或-less的情况；注意提防“两道弯”甚至“多道弯”的考法；两次变形，如先变形容词再变副词，或先变形容词再变意思。
真题：
(2018年全国I卷) Running is cheap, easy and it’s always______ (energy).
(2019年全国I卷) Hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlement, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are ______ (high) than they actually are.
(2019年全国I卷) It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been ______ (poor) studied.
(2020年全国I卷) Landing on the moon’s far side is ______ (extreme) challenging.
(2020年新高考I卷) In the 18th and 19th centuries, ______ (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art.
(2021年新高考I卷) The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will ______ (undoubted) help you get refreshed! The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the ______ (hot) the spring!
(2021年长郡月考六) ______ (fortune), his father died, leaving the family even ______ (bad) off.
(2021年雅礼月考十) Two years later, the World Wildlife Fund published an in-depth look at the dwindling populations of the Asian elephant, nothing that the ______ (species) population had declined by 50% in just three generations.
(2021届湖南师大附中月考一) Li lets the world witness how Chinese people live ______ (harmony) with nature.
(keys:1. energetic 2. higher 3. poorly 4.extremely 5. wealthy
6. undoubtedly; hotter 7. Unfortunately; worse 8.species’ 9. harmoniously)
四、冠词
1. 基础考察：固定搭配、惯用用法、常见简单的“冠(形)名”
2. 失分点：词类活用；根据意义判断填冠词或不定冠词，长难句干扰；小细节：a、an的选择，大小写等
真题：
(2021年新高考I卷) While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is ______ must to visit.
(2022届湖北11名校联考) On Saturday, Prince of Monaco Albert II received a figurine(雕像) of Bing Dwen Dwen at the Great Hall of the people in Beijing, and asked if he could have ______ second one because he has twins, according to a China Central Television report.
(2022届T8第二次联考) But it is actually very difficult as the lion head is very heavy and being the lower part of the lion is tiring as he has to bend his back and also carry ______ person in front sometimes.
(keys:1. a 2. a 3. the)
五、代词
1. 基础考察：基本都有给提示词，但部分模拟卷提示词
考察简单的主格、宾格代词；中等难度的反身代词、adj性物主代词；
进阶考察：
(1)n.性物主代词；
(2)不给提示词的不定代词：如both、all、either、other、another、nothing等
(3)不给提示的替代词：如one、ones、that等
(4)不给提示词的it
【it特指上文所提到的同一事物, 它所代替的名词常由the, this, that等修饰。
one泛指上文提到的同类事物中的一个, 不特指, 相当于”a/an+单数名词”；the one特指前面的可数名词单数, 有时可以用that来代替(尤其是后面有后置定语时)；
ones泛指上文提到的同类事物的复数名词；the ones特指上文提到的复数名词, 有时可以用those代替, 尤其在有后置定语的情况下。】
真题：
(2009年广东卷) Jane was walking round the department store. She remembered how difficult ______ was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father.
(2012年广东卷) “Do you need those glasses for medical reasons ” the teacher asked. ... Then he took ______ off, gave a big smile and said, “That’s cool.”
(2022届广东四大校联考) Accidents such as these may cause people to reject the idea of driverless car altogether. ... ... ______ problems is that self-driving cars can be too careful.
(2021届湖南师大附中月考五) The latest measurement was apparently more scientific, reliable, and innovative than the previous ______ in 2005 thanks to the application of multiple homegrown technologies.
(2021届湖南师大附中月考四) The challenge is to transform agricultural and fishing practices, many of which are unsustainable today, into ______ that produce the affordable and nourishing food we need while protecting and conserving biodiversity.
(2020年全国I卷) Data about the moon’s composition, such as how much ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether ______ (it) plans for a future lunar(月球的) base are practical.
(2020年新高考I卷) As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations(模拟) and imagine ______ (they) living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest.
(2021年新高考I卷) As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitor’s memory. It sure does in ______(I).
(keys: 1. it 2. them 3. Another 4.one
5.ones 6. its 7.themselves 8.mine)
六、介词
1. 基础考察：
固定搭配、惯用结构，但会加干扰和难度，如长难句干扰、考察低频型固搭；
常考介词，但对句意理解要求更高（要求根据句意缺失匹配所需的介词）。
2. 复习建议：
多积累搭配、多读短语；
巩固常用介词的常用用法，多积累难点介词的用法，如beyond、despite、unlike等
真题：
(2019年新高考I卷) Modern methods ______ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive to perform consistently over a large area.
(2020年新高考I卷) Museums must compete ______ people’s spare time and money with other amusements.
(2020年全国I卷) The far side of the moon is of particular interest to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters(环形山), more so than the familiar near side.
(2022届深圳实验、长沙一中联考) On April 24,1912, the luxury steamship Titanic hit an iceberg, and the “unsinkable” ship in the Atlantic Ocean. The wold was ______ great shock.
(2022届中山高三上期末) Life goes on ______ a fast pace these days and it seems that the young generation has no problem with that.
(2022届广州四大联考) Most experts agree that we are not going to have true driverless cars on roads ______ after 2030.
(keys:1. of/for 2. for 3. than,提示词more 4. in 5.at 6. until)
七、连词
1. 基础考察：
定从：较容易理解的句子中，考察which/that/who/whose/when/where
名从：高频的what、that、whether
状从：有时态提醒、意义简单的简单状从
并列句：结构清晰、意义简单的并列句
其他，如强调句：结构清晰、意义简单的句子
2. 进阶考察：其他句型惯性思维干扰，句意理解困难(长难句、多句理解)
总结：重点训练方向－打破惯性思维、克服理解困难
真题：
(2019年新高考I卷) The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence ______ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada.
(2020年新高考I卷) The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, formed the core collection of the British Museum ______ opened in 1759.
(2020年全国I卷) Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot ______ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to earth.
(2021年新高考I卷) Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles’s song “The Long and Winding Road”. ______ is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes.
(2022届深圳名校联考) ______ it’s applied to accessible design, investments in social welfare, or pioneering law formations, study after study shows the effect has the power to lift all of us up.
(2021届湖南长郡月考五) Many of Japan’s young people are more concerned about how the law will affect the traditional Coming of Age Day, a national holiday held in January ______ 20-year-olds dress up in traditional kimonos(和服) to celebrate adulthood.
(2022届深圳六校联考) In the north, the original direction the animals took, it is colder and there is less food, ______ the Yuanjiang River basin, where they are found, has plenty of food.
(2021年浙江1月卷) In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index(体重指数) across 200 countries, the scientists found that people worldwide are getting heavier ______ that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas.
(keys: 1. that 2. which/that 3. where 4. What
5. Whether 6.when 7.while 8. and)
篇章语法填空(2022届广州市高三一模)
Lucy Black recently became the youngest person to travel to every country in the world. By the age of 23, she has visited all the countries in an effort to challenge ___56___ (she) and push the limits of___57___ she believed was possible for a female traveler.
Lucy___58___ (primary) used planes, boats, and trains to get around. It was not all plain sailing and there were many difficulties Lucy met, including ___59___ (arrange) visas to enter some countries. But the challenges___60___ (outweigh) by the memorable experiences on her way. “There’re so many incredible experiences that can come out of traveling alone because you arc more open to the connections with the___61___ (local) than you would be in a big group,” she said.
Lucy had the pleasure of meeting ___62___ variety of people and experiencing different cultures. But the most ___63___ (value) experience of all was discovering a new sense of independence, she said.
For Lucy, nothing beats traveling, which she described ___64___ her favorite part of being alive. ___65___ I would be lying if I said 1 wasn’t enjoying taking time over the past year to recover from all the wear and tear I have done to my body over the past three years,” she added.
（keys:
56. herself 考查代词。此处缺宾语，意为挑战自己，故 填反身代词 herself。
57. What 考查连词。根据句意“她想要挑战她所相信对女性而言的极限”此处为主从， 从句中缺少主58. primarily 考查副词。根据句意“Lucy 一开始使用飞机，船，火车这些交通工具旅行”修 饰 uesd 这一动词应用副词，故填 primarily
59. Arranging 考查非谓语动词此处已有谓语动词 met，故需要填入非谓语动词，且逻辑主语为 Lucy，表示主动发出该动作应 用现在分词形式，故填 arranging
60. were outweighed 考查被动语态。根据句意“一路上的珍贵记忆比挑战更重要”，因此是 “挑战”被“记忆”所超过，且句中缺少谓语动词，要用谓语动词的被动语态故填 were outweighed
61. locals 考查名词。local 一词有名词意义表示当地人，也有形容词性，这里 the+adj 并且是指一群人，需要用复数，因此 the locals 指当地的人们，故填 locals
62. a 考查固定搭配。a variety of 表示各种各样的，故填 a
63. valuable 考查形容词。根据句意“最宝贵的经历”，修饰名词应用形容词，故填 valuable
64. as 考查固定搭配。根据句意“Lucy 将旅游描述为她生活中最喜爱的部分”，describe as 把…描述为，故填 as。
65. But 考查连词。根据句意“（虽然旅游是我生活中最喜爱的部分）但是如果说我不享受过 去一年的休息时间来恢复之前旅游带来的身体消耗，那我就是在说谎”前后存在转折关系， 故填 But。）
2017-2021高考英语语法填空真题专题分类汇总
词类变形的考察
1.（2021年全国甲卷）Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and watchtowers to fake pictures or just to watch the local people going about their ______ (day) routines.
2.（2021年全国乙卷）Both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the ______ (develop)of the local areas.
3.（2021年全国乙卷）Ecotourism has ______ (it) origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s.
4.（2021年全国乙卷）Provide ______ (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.
5.（2020年全国I卷）Landing on the moon’s far side is ______ (extreme) challenging.
6.（2020年全国I卷）The far side of the moon is of particular ______ (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山).
7.（2020年全国I卷）Data about the moon’s composition, such as how much ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether ______ (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.
8.（2020年全国II卷）Chinese New Year is a ______ (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.
9.（2020年全国II卷）______ (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must.
10.（2020年全国II卷）The ______ (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations.
11.（2020年全国III卷）Filled with ______ (curious), the artist packed his bags and left.
12.（2020年全国III卷）As the small boat moved, ______ (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water.
13.（2019年全国I卷）It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been _____ (poor) studied.
14.（2019年全国I卷）In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut have reported increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a _______ (believe) that populations are increasing.
15.（2019年全国II卷）We are so proud of her. It’s ______ (wonder）.
16.（2019年全国III卷）When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting _______（compete）to watch，together with the story behind it.
17.（2019年全国III卷）They also shared with us many ______（tradition） stories about Hawaii.
18.（2019年全国III卷）They also shared with us many traditional stories about Hawaii that were ______（huge）popular with tourists.
19.（2018年全国I卷）To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to ______ (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉).
20.（2018年全国I卷）Running is cheap, easy and it’s always ______ (energy).
21.（2018年全国II卷）A taste for meat is ______ (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle.
22.（2018年全国II卷）This switch has decreased ________ (pollute) in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.
23.（2018年全国II卷）According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total ________ (globe) fertilizer consumption.
24.（2018年全国III卷）I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid looking directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel ________ (challenge).
25.（2018年全国III卷）My name is Mireya Mayor. I’m a ________ (science) who studies animals such as apes and monkeys.
26.（2017年全国I卷）However, be ________ (care) not to go to extremes.
27.（2017年全国II卷）It must have been ________ (fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise.
28.（2017年全国II卷）This development was only possible with the ________ (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts.
29.（2017年全国II卷）The central London Railway was one of the most ________ (success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900.
30.（2017年全国III卷）She is determined to carry on with her ________ (educate).
31.（2017年全国III卷）It is ________ (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don't want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can't model my more."
二、数词的考察
无。
三、连词的考查
1.（2021年卷I）My bike was old and shaky ________ did the job.
2.（2020年卷III） ________ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and pointed down the river.
3.（2019年卷II）I work not because I have to, ________ because I want to.
四、冠词的考查
1.（2021年卷I） It took us about 3 hours to go all ________way around the Xi'an City Wall.
2.（2021年卷II）Due to ________ growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types of trips are now being classified as ecotourism.
3.（2020年卷II）The plum trees are _______ first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化).
4.（2019年卷I）Of ______ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations(亚种群), three are declining, six are stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
5.（2019年卷II）When we got a call saying she was short-listed, we thought it was ________ joke.
6.（2018年卷II）Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over ________ past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.
7.（2018年卷III）Unexpectedly, I’m face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at ________ top of her lungs.
8.（2017年卷I）As ________ result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.
9.（2017年卷II）This included digging up the road, laying the track and then building a strong roof over ________ top.
10.（2017年卷III）Instead, she is earning $6500 a day as ______ model in New York.
五、代词的考查
1.（2021年卷II）Ecotourism has _______ (it) origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s.
2.（2020年卷I）Data about the moon’s composition, such as how much ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether ________ (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.
3.（2018年卷I）If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give ________ a try.
4.（2018年卷III）When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find _______ (they) alive.
5.（2017年卷II）However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using ________ every day.
六、介词的考查
1.（2021年卷I）It was built originally to protect the city ________ the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复).
2.（2021年卷II）It was not widely accepted as a travel concept ________ the late 1980s.
3.（2021年卷II）Due to the growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types ________ trips are now being classified as ecotourism.
4.（2020年卷I）The far side of the moon is of particular interest to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山), more so_______ the familiar near side.
5.（2020年卷II）Oranges: Orange trees are more _______ decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth.
6.（2020年卷II） Bamboo plants are associated ________ health, abundance and a happy home.
7.（2020年卷III）The artist was finally humbled(谦卑) by the greatest artist _______ earth, Mother Nature.
8.（2019年卷I）Modern methods ________ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive to perform consistently over a large area.
We were first greeted with the barking by a pack ________ dogs, seven to be exact.
9.（2018年卷I）While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it is more effective at lengthening life ________ walking, cycling or swimming.
10.（2018年卷II）Corn uses less water ________ rice and creates less fertilizer (化肥) run off.
11.（2018年卷III）I was searching ________ these three western lowland gorillas I'd been observing.
12.（2017年卷I）This trend, which was started by the medical community（医学界）_______ a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side effects such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.
13.（2017年卷II）It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible crowds on the roads above as they travelled to and ________ work.
14.（2017年卷III）After school she plans to take a year off to model full time before going to university to get a degree ________ engineering or architecture.
七、谓语动词主谓一致的考察
1.（2021年全国甲卷）It ________ (build) originally to protect the city.
2.（2020年全国I卷）“because it _______ (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon is constructed”.
3.（2020年全国I卷）“because it means we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon ________ (construct).”
4.（2020年全国II卷）This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers ________ (carry) special significance.
5.（2019年全国I卷）In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut ________ (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements.
6.（2019年全国II卷）I don’t see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I ________ (make) over the years.
7.（2019年全国III卷）On the last day of our week-long stay，we ________（invite）to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars.
8.（2018年全国I卷）While running regularly can't make you live forever, the review says it ________ (be) more effective at lengthening life than walking, cycling or swimming.
9.（2018年全国II卷）Since 2011,the country ________ (grow) more corn than rice.
10.（2017年全国I卷）When fat and salt ________ (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something.
11.（2017年全国I卷）Fast food ________ (be) full of fat and salt.
12.（2017年全国II卷）Steam engines ________ (use) to pull the carriages.
13.（2017年全国III卷）Sarah ________ (tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel earning a million dollars in the new year.
14.（2017年全国III卷）But at the moment, school ________ (come) first.
八、谓语动词时态语态的考察
1.（2021年全国甲卷）It ________ (build) originally to protect the city.
2.（2021年全国甲卷）We ________ (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate.
3.（2020年全国I卷）“because it _______ (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon is constructed”
4.（2020年全国I卷）“because it means we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon ________ (construct).”
5.（2020年全国II卷）This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers ________ (carry) special significance.
6.（2020年全国III卷）The artist was sure he would ________ (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor's chief minister, the old man laughed.
7.（2020年全国III卷）they smiled and ________ (point) down the river.
8.（2019年全国I卷）In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut ________(report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements.
9.（2019年全国II卷）Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene ________（declare）she had no plans to retire from her 36-year-old business.
10.（2019年全国II卷）I don’t see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I ________（make）over the years.
11.（2019年全国III卷）Our hosts shared many of their experiences and________（recommend）wonderful places to eat，shop，and visit. For breakfast，we were able to eat papaya（木瓜）and other fruits from their trees in the backyard.
12.（2019年全国III卷）On the last day of our week-long stay，we ________（invite）to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars.
13.（2018年全国I卷）While running regularly can't make you live forever, the review says it ________(be) more effective at lengthening life than walking, cycling or swimming.
14.（2018年全国II卷）Since 2011,the country ________(grow) more corn than rice.
15.（2018年全国II卷）The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government ________(start) a soil-testing program.
16.（2018年全国III卷）True to a gorilla’s unaggressive nature, the huge animal ________(mean) me no real harm.
17.（2017年全国I卷）When fat and salt ________(remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something.
18.（2017年全国I卷）Fast food________(be) full of fat and salt.
19.（2017年全国II卷）Steam engines ________(use) to pull the carriages.
20.（2017年全国II卷）Later, engineers ________(manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道）, which became known to the tube.
21.（2017年全国III卷）Sarah ________(tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel earning a million dollars in the new year.
22.（2017年全国III卷）But at the moment, school ________(come) first.
九、非谓语的考查
1.（2021年全国甲卷）It is possible________(walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.
2.（2021年全国甲卷）After________(spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what________(good) than to ride on a piece of history!
3.（2021年全国乙卷）Minimize the impact of _______(visit)the place.
4.（2021年全国乙卷）_________(activity)there range from whale watching to hiking(远足)and accommodations aim _______(have) a low impact on the natural environment.
5.（2020年全国卷I）Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 _______ (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin.
6. （2020年全国卷II）They represent the earth ________(come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.
7. （2020年全国卷II）They make great gifs and you see them many times ________(decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.
8.（2020年全国卷II）They are easy_______(care) for and make great presents.
9.（2020年全国卷III）And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds ________(surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears.
10.（2019年全国卷I）Modern methods ________tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive________(perform) consistently over a large area.
11. （2019年全国卷I）Scientists have responded by _______(note) that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) around human settlements.
12. （2019年全国卷II）A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for ________（be）Britain’s oldest full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week.
13. （2019年全国卷II）Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene ________（declare）she had no plans________（retire） from her 36-year-old business.
14.（2019年全国卷II）When we got a call________（say）she was short-listed, we thought it was ________joke.
15.（2019年全国卷III）On our way to the house, it was raining ________hard that we couldn’t help wondering how long it would take ________（get）there.
16.（2019年全国卷III）We ________（invite）to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, ________（listen）to musicians and meeting interesting locals.
17.（2018年全国卷I）You don't have to run fast or for long ________(see) the benefit.
18.（2018年全国卷I）You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of ________(die) early by running.
19.（2018年全国卷II）The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice ________(improve) water quality.
20. （2018年全国卷II）China’s approach to protecting its environment while ________(feed) its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide,” says the bank’s Juergen Voegele.
21.（2018年全国卷III）I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid ________(look) directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel ________(challenge).
21. （2018年全国卷III）Once his message was delivered, he allowed me ________(stay) and watch.
22. （2017年全国卷I）They are required ________(process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions.
23. （2017年全国卷I）By ________(eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.
24. （2017年全国卷II）This included digging up the road, ________(lay) the track and then building a strong roof over the top.
25. （2017年全国卷III）But unlike school friends ,16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term ________ (rest).
26. （2017年全国卷III）But Sarah, who has taken part in shows along with top models wants ________ (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty.
十、名词性从句的考查
1.（2021新高考I卷）________ is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes.
2.（2018全国III卷）I’m not sure ________ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla that suddenly appears out of nowhere.
3.（2019全国I卷）While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence ________ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far as south as James Bay in Canada.
十一、定语从句的考查
1.（2021年浙江1月卷）BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool ________gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight.
2.（2021天津卷）William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes ________ we can learn without repeating them.
3.（2021天津卷）At the Chinese art festival, there are different stands ________ artists demonstrate their skills and teach the visitors.
4.（2020全国卷Ⅰ63）China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot ________ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.
5.（2020全国卷Ⅲ）In ancient China lived an artist ________ paintings were almost lifelike. The artist’s reputation had made him proud.
6.（2020江苏卷）Many lessons are now available online, from ________students can choose for free.
7.（2020海南卷）The Digital World is a set of volumes ________aim to describe how digital systems influence society and help readers understand the nature of digital systems and their many interacting parts.
8.（2019浙江卷）On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth _________ gives off light in the dark.
9.（2019北京卷）The students benefiting most from college are those ________ are totally engaged(参与)in academic life.
10.（2019全国Ⅱ）Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, ______ she opened with her late husband Les.
11.（2019全国卷Ⅲ）They were well trained by their masters _________ had great experience with caring for these animals.
12.（2018全国卷Ⅰ）Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 ________ showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes.
13.（2018·全国卷Ⅱ）The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 — when the government started a soil-testing program______ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers — and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.
14.（2018北京卷）She and her family bicycle to work, ________ helps them keep fit.
15.（2018天津卷）Kate, ________ sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia.
16.（2018江苏卷）Self-driving is an area ________ China and the rest of the world
are on the same starting line.
17.（2018浙江）Many westerners ________ come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out.
18.（2017全国卷Ⅰ） Like anything，it is possible to have too much of both, ________ is not good for the health.
19.（2017全国卷Ⅲ）Her father Peter, wants her to give up school to model full－time.But Sarah, ________ has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.
20.（2017北京）The little problems ________ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.
21.（2017天津）My eldest son ________ work takes him all over the world, is in NY at the moment.
22.（2017江苏）In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of ________ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.
23.（2017浙江）Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got swept into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden, ________ it remained until the carrot’s leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it.
答案：
词类变形的考察
1.daily 2.development 3.its 4.financial 5.extremely
6.interest 7.its 8.celebration 9.Certainly 10.beautiful
11.curiosity 12.gently 13.poorly 14.belief 15.wonderful
petition 17.traditional 18.hugely 19.strengthen 20.energetic
21.actually 22.pollution 23.global 24.challenged 25.scientist
26.careful 27.fairly 28.introduction 29.successful 30.education
31.certainly
二、数词的考察 无。
三、连词的考查 1.but 2.When/As 3.but
四、冠词的考查
1.the 2.the 3.the 4.the 5.a
6.the 7.the 8.a 9.the 10.a
五、代词的考查 1.its 2.its 3.it/running 4.them 5.it
六、介词的考查
1.in 2.until 3.of 4.than 5.than
6.with 7.on 8.of/for 9. of 10.than
11.than 12.for 13.as 14.from 15.in
七、谓语动词主谓一致的考察
1.was built 2.means 3.is constructed 4.carries 5.have reported
6.have made 7.were invited 8.is 9.has grown 10.are removed
11.is 12.were used 13.was told/has been told es
八、谓语动词时态语态的考察
1.was built 2.hired 3.means 4.is constructed 5.carries
6.be chosen 7.pointed 8.have reported 9.declared 10.have made
11.recommended 12.were invited 13.is 14.has grown 15.started
16.meant 17.are removed 18.is 19.were used 20.managed
21.was told/has been told 22.comes
九、非谓语的考查
1.to walk 2.spending 3.visiting 4.to have 5.to find
6.coming 7.decorated 8.to care 9.surrounding 10.to perform
11. noting 12. being 13.to retire 14.saying 15.to get
16.listening 17.to see 18.dying 19.to improve 20.feeding
21.looking; challenged 21. to stay 22. to process 23.eating
24.laying 25.resting 26. to prove
十、名词性从句的考查
1.What 2.who 3.that
十一、定语从句的考查
1.that/which 2.that/which 3.where 4.where 5.whose
6.which 7.which/that 8.which/that 9.who 10.which
11.who/that 12.which/that 13.which/that 14.which 15.whose
16.where 17.who/that 18.which 19.who 20.that
21.whose 22.whose 23.where

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