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(共86张PPT)
UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE
课文译文
Listening to How Bodies Talk
We use both words and body language to express our thoughts and opinions in our interactions with other people. We can learn a lot about what people are thinking by watching their body language. Words are important, but the way people stand, hold their arms, and move their hands can also give us information about their feelings.
interaction：交流；交往；沟通
（interaction between sb/sth 或with sb/sth)
在the way 后面跟了一个省略that的定语从句
课文译文
Listening to How Bodies Talk
We use both words and body language to express our thoughts and opinions in our interactions with other people. We can learn a lot about what people are thinking by watching their body language. Words are important, but the way people stand, hold their arms, and move their hands can also give us information about their feelings.
在与他人的交往中，我们用话语和肢体语言来表达自己的思想和观点。通过观察人们的肢体语言，我们可以洞察他们的想法。话语十分重要，但是人们站立、双手抱臂和移动双手的姿势也能为我们提供有关他们情感的信息。
interaction：交流；交往；沟通
（interaction between sb/sth 或with sb/sth)
课文译文
Just like spoken language, body language varies from culture to culture. The crucial thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in. For example, making eye contact—looking into someone’s eyes—in some countries is a way to display interest. In other countries, by contrast, eye contact is not always approved of. For example, in many Middle Eastern countries, men and women are not socially permitted to make eye contact. In Japan, it may demonstrate respect to look down when talking to an older person.
1. vary to change or be different according to the situation. (根据情况)变化，变更，改变
搭配：vary from sth to sth
vary between A and B
2. appropriate（for/to sth):suitable, acceptable or correct for the particular circumstances 合适的；恰当的
3. look into one’s eyes 直视某人的眼睛
4. display：to show signs of sth 显示，显露，表现
课文译文
Just like spoken language, body language varies from culture to culture. The crucial thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in. For example, making eye contact—looking into someone’s eyes—in some countries is a way to display interest. In other countries, by contrast, eye contact is not always approved of. For example, in many Middle Eastern countries, men and women are not socially permitted to make eye contact. In Japan, it may demonstrate respect to look down when talking to an older person.
不同的文化有着不同的肢体语言，这与口头语言相似。使用肢体语言时，最重要的是要符合你所处的文化。例如，在一些国家，眼神交流(即直视某人的眼睛)是表示兴趣的一种方式。相反，在另一些国家，眼神交流并不总是被认可。例如，在许多中东国家，社交上不允许男性和女性进行眼神交流。在日本，与年长者交谈时，目光下垂表示敬重。
课文译文
The gesture for “OK” has different meanings in different cultures. In Japan, someone who witnesses another person employing the gesture might think it means money. In France, a person encountering an identical gesture may interpret it as meaning zero. However, you should avoid making this gesture in Brazil and Germany, as it is not considered polite.
1. witness:to see sth happen (typically a crime or an accident)当场看到，目击
2. employ:to use sth such as a skill, method,etc, fro a particular purpose应用；运用；使用
3. identical（to/with sb/sth）:similar in every detail完全同样的；相同的
4. interpret(sth as sth): to decide that sth has a particular meaning and to understand it in this way 把---理解为；领会
interpret---as---把---理解为
课文译文
Just like spoken language, body language varies from culture to culture. The crucial thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in. For example, making eye contact—looking into someone’s eyes—in some countries is a way to display interest. In other countries, by contrast, eye contact is not always approved of. For example, in many Middle Eastern countries, men and women are not socially permitted to make eye contact. In Japan, it may demonstrate respect to look down when talking to an older person.
不同的文化有着不同的肢体语言，这与口头语言相似。使用肢体语言时，最重要的是要符合你所处的文化。例如，在一些国家，眼神交流(即直视某人的眼睛)是表示兴趣的一种方式。相反，在另一些国家，眼神交流并不总是被认可。例如，在许多中东国家，社交上不允许男性和女性进行眼神交流。在日本，与年长者交谈时，目光下垂表示敬重。
课文译文
Even the gestures we use for “yes” and “no” differ around the world. In many countries, shaking one’s head means “no”, and nodding means “yes”. By comparison, in Bulgaria and southern Albania, the gestures have the opposite meaning. There are also differences in how we touch each other, how close we stand to someone we are talking to, and how we act when we meet or part. In countries like France and Russia, people may kiss their friends on the cheek when they meet. Elsewhere, people favour shaking hands, bowing from the waist, or nodding the head when they meet someone else.
1. differ(from):to be different from sb/sth相异；有区别；不同于
2. By comparison:(多用于句首)比较起来，较之
3. favor：to prefer one system, plan, way of doing sth, etc, to another 较喜欢；选择
4. bow(down/to/before sth/sth):鞠躬；点头
bow down to /before 向---鞠躬
课文译文
Even the gestures we use for “yes” and “no” differ around the world. In many countries, shaking one’s head means “no”, and nodding means “yes”. By comparison, in Bulgaria and southern Albania, the gestures have the opposite meaning. There are also differences in how we touch each other, how close we stand to someone we are talking to, and how we act when we meet or part. In countries like France and Russia, people may kiss their friends on the cheek when they meet. Elsewhere, people favour shaking hands, bowing from the waist, or nodding the head when they meet someone else.
即便是用于表示肯定和否定的身势语，在世界各地也不尽相同。在许多国家，摇头表示否定，点头表示肯定。相比之下，在保加利亚和阿尔巴尼亚南部地区，这两个身势语的含义截然相反。在身体接触方式、站着交谈时双方的距离、见面和告别的动作方面，也有很多差异。在法国、俄罗斯等国，朋友见面时会相互亲吻脸颊。在其他地区，与别人见面时，人们更喜欢握手、鞠躬或点头。
课文译文
Some gestures seem to have the same meaning everywhere. Placing your hands together and resting them on the side of your head while closing your eyes means “sleep”. A good way of saying “I am full” is moving your hand in circles over your stomach after a meal.
1. Placing your hands together and resting them on the side of your head是动名词作主语；
while closing your eyes 从句中省略了you are.
2. rest vt vi: to support sth by putting it on or against sth;
支撑；依靠；托
3. in circles : 以圆圈的方式
课文译文
Some gestures seem to have the same meaning everywhere. Placing your hands together and resting them on the side of your head while closing your eyes means “sleep”. A good way of saying “I am full” is moving your hand in circles over your stomach after a meal.
有些手势似乎在任何地方含义都相同。双手合十放在头部的一侧，同时闭上你的眼睛，意为“睡觉”。表示“我吃饱了”的一个好方式，就是在饭后用手在肚子上画圈。
课文译文
Some body language has many different uses. Perhaps the best example is smiling. A smile can help us get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers. A smile can break down barriers.We can use a smile to apologise, to greet someone, to ask for help, or to start a conversation. Experts suggest smiling at yourself in the mirror to make yourself feel happier and stronger. And if we are feeling down or lonely, there is nothing better than seeing the smiling face of a good friend.
1. get through: 熬过（困难时期等）
2. break down barriers:消除隔阂
break down：消除；打破
3. smile at ：冲------微笑
4.feel down: 感到沮丧；情绪低落
5. there is nothing better than ---
比较级的否定来表示最高级
课文译文
Some body language has many different uses. Perhaps the best example is smiling. A smile can help us get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers. A smile can break down barriers.We can use a smile to apologise, to greet someone, to ask for help, or to start a conversation. Experts suggest smiling at yourself in the mirror to make yourself feel happier and stronger. And if we are feeling down or lonely, there is nothing better than seeing the smiling face of a good friend.
某些肢体语言有着许多不同的用处。也许最佳的例子就是微笑了。微笑可以帮助我们摆脱困境，在陌生的世界里找到朋友。微笑可以打破隔阂。我们可以用微笑来道歉、问候他人、寻求帮助或主动攀谈。专家建议，我们应该对着镜子微笑，让自己感到更加快乐和坚强。当我们感到沮丧或孤单时，最美好的事情莫过于看到好友的笑脸。
课文译文
课内要点探究
The prices of some goods vary with the season.
Typing patterns vary from person to person.
The diamonds vary in size, so they have different prices.
The wires’ lengths vary between 25 cm and 50 cm.
1．（语境再现）Just like spoken language, body language varies from culture to culture.
vary vi. (根据情况)变化；改变
重点单词
(1)vary with随……而变化
vary in在……方面不同
vary from… to… 由……到……变化
vary between… and… 在……与……之间变化
(2)various adj. 各种各样的
(3)variety n. 种类；多样化
a variety of(＝varieties of＝various)各种各样的
归纳拓展
单句语法填空
①People’s clothes usually vary ________ the season and taste.
②Generally, pulse rates vary slightly ________ person ______ person.
③These shoes vary ______ size and colour.
④In these open spaces are numerous plants in ___________ stages of growth that attract a ___________ of other plant-eaters. (vary)
with　
from　
to　
in　
various　
variety　
牛刀小试
完成句子
⑤Opinions on various social questions __________________ (因人而异).
一句多译
他们已经找到了各种各样的方法来满足客人的需求。
⑥They have found ___________ ways to meet the customers’ needs.
⑦They have found _____________ ways to meet the customers’ needs.
⑧They have found ______________ ways to meet the customers’ needs.
vary from person to person　
various　
varieties of　
a variety of　
She was so delicate that the tough job was not appropriate for her.
她那么纤弱，那项艰苦的工作不适合她。
It is not appropriate (for me) to make adjustments to the plan now.
现在(我)对计划作出调整是不合适的。
It is appropriate that you draw a conclusion with enough evidence. 有足够的证据，所以你下结论是合适的。
2．（语境再现）The crucial thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in.
appropriate adj. 合适的；恰当的
(1)be appropriate for/to适合……
It is appropriate (for sb. ) to do sth. (某人)做某事是合适的。
It is appropriate that sb. (should) do… 某人做……是合适的。
(2)appropriately adv. 合适地；恰当地
(3)inappropriate adj. 不合适的
归纳拓展
单句语法填空
①The book was written in a style appropriate __________ the age of the children.
②Is it now an appropriate time __________(make) a speech
③She says dressing _______________(appropriate) for interviews helps applicants feel confident.
to/for　
to make　
appropriately　
牛刀小试
完成句子
④Plain, simple clothes ___________________(适合) school wear.
⑤____________________(……是合适的) you should adopt his suggestion.
are appropriate for　
It’s appropriate that　
He doesn’t approve of my/me taking up the job as an editor.
他不同意我从事编辑这份工作。
The president approved the building plans you submitted.
董事长批准了你递交的建筑计划。
3．（语境再现）In other countries, by contrast, eye contact is not always approved of.
approve vi. 赞成，同意　vt. 批准；通过
(1)approve of sth. 同意/赞同某事
approve of one’s/sb. doing sth. 同意/赞同某人做某事
be approved by被……批准
(2)approval n. 批准；认可；赞同
give one’s approval to批准
win/earn one’s approval得到某人的赞成
(3)disapprove vi. 不赞成，反对
disapproval n. [U]不赞成
归纳拓展
单句语法填空
①Her mother doesn’t approve ______ her going to study in the United States alone.
②Alan is someone who always needs the ________ (approve) of other people.
③After a lot of hard work and efforts, the project ____________ (approve) eventually by the government.
of　
approval　
was approved　
牛刀小试
完成句子
④令我非常高兴的是，我的父母同意我出国旅游。
Much to my delight, my parents have _________________________________ for a trip.
approved of me/my going abroad　
She was shocked by the violent scenes she had witnessed.
她被亲眼看见的暴虐场面震惊了。
He witnessed to having seen the man enter the building.
他作证看到那个人进入这座大楼。
The police are looking for witnesses to the accident.
警方正在寻找这个事故的目击者。
4．（语境再现）In Japan, someone who witnesses another person employing the gesture might think it means money.
witness vt. 当场看到；目击；见证　n. 目击者；证人
(1)witness to (doing) sth. 为(做)某事作证
(2)be (a) witness to作为……的证明
bear/give witness to sth. 为……作证，证明
归纳拓展
vt. 目击←witness →n. 证人
witness意为“见证；目击”时，其主语可以是时间、地点等。
巧学助记
witness作“见证”讲时，同see等词一样，可以用时间或地点名词作主语，使用拟人化的手法。
The last forty years have witnessed great changes in our country.
过去的40年见证了我们国家的重大变化。
特别提醒
单句语法填空
①One witness ______ the accident said the driver appeared to be drunk.
②It was an extraordinary experience ___________(witness) the first sunrise of the new millennium.
to　
to witness　
牛刀小试
完成句子
③The police found ______________(一个……的目击证人) the accident and asked her to _____________(作证).
④Many people _________________________(目睹了那场事故) because it happened during the rush hour.
翻译句子
⑤这所大学多年来经历了很多变革。
__________________________________________________________
a witness to　
give witness　
witnessed the accident　
This university has witnessed quite a few changes over the years. 　
The children should be taught how to employ their spare time properly.
孩子们应该被教会如何正确利用他们的空闲时间。
His elder brother is employed as a cook in a big restaurant.
他的哥哥受雇于一家大饭店当厨师。
Every autumn, they employ casual workers to pick the fruit.
每年秋天，他们雇用临时工摘水果。
5．（语境再现）In Japan, someone who witnesses another person employing the gesture might think it means money.
employ vt. 使用；应用；雇用
(1)employ sb. to do sth. 雇用某人做某事
employ sb. as sth. 雇用某人当……
be employed in (doing) sth. ＝employ oneself in (doing) sth. 忙于(做)某事，从事某活动
(2)employee n. [C]雇员，受雇者 employer n. [C]雇主，老板
employment n. 雇用；就业；受雇
out of employment失业
unemployment n. 失业，失业人数
归纳拓展
巧学助记
单句语法填空
①For the past three years he has been employed ______ a firefighter.
②More than 3,000 local workers _____________(employ) in the tourism industry at present.
③The report examined teaching method ____________(employ) in the classroom.
④Graduates are finding it more and more difficult to find ______________ (employ).
as　
are employed　
employed　
employment　
牛刀小试
完成句子
⑤She’s not yet old enough _________________________________ a position of trust.
to be employed in/employ herself in　
My younger brother and I differ from each other in many ways.
我和我弟弟在许多方面都不同。
French and English differ in this respect.
在这方面法语和英语不同。
I’m sorry to differ with you on that question.
对不起，在那个问题上我与你的看法不同。
6．（语境再现）Even the gestures we use for “yes” and “no” differ around the world.
differ vi. 相异；不同于
归纳拓展
(3)difference n. 不同；差异
make a difference有影响，有关系
tell the difference between A and B区分/辨别A和B
the difference between A and B (in sth. ) A和B(在某方面)的区别
用differ的适当形式填空
①British English is _____________ from American English. They __________ in many minor aspects, such as spelling and pronuciation. All English speakers understand each other, but it is helpful to know about some of the _____________.
different　
differ　
differences　
牛刀小试
用适当的介词填空
②The two leaders differed ________ each other _______________ several issues (问题).
③That two nations differ ______ the culture and climate.
④That fashion in different countries differs ________ each other reflects the cultural differences.
with　
about/on/over　
in　
from　
Chances always favour those who make adequate preparations.
机会往往垂青那些有充分准备的人。
The warm climate favours many kinds of plants.
温暖的气候有利于多种植物的生长。
Could you do me a favour and take this pile of books to the classroom 你能帮个忙，把这摞书搬到教室去吗？
I’m all in favour of equal pay for equal work.
我完全支持同工同酬。
7．（语境再现）Elsewhere, people favour shaking hands, bowing from the waist, or nodding the head when they meet someone else.
favour vt. 较喜欢；选择；有利于　n. 帮助；恩惠；赞同
(1)do sb. a favour 帮某人一个忙
ask sb. a favour＝ask a favour of sb. 请某人帮忙
owe sb. a favour欠某人一个人情
in favour of支持，赞同
in one’s favour对某人有利
(2)favourite adj. 最喜欢的
favoured adj. 受到优待的；得到偏爱的
favourable adj. 赞成的；同意的；有利的；给人好印象的
归纳拓展
单句语法填空
①The young girl left a ______________(favour) impression on him.
②It used to be my _____________(favour) restaurant but the standard of cooking has fallen off recently.
favourable　
favourite　
牛刀小试
完成句子
③My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was ______________ (赞成) it.
④Could you _____________(帮我个忙) and pick up Sam from school today
翻译句子
⑤Opportunity favours prepared people.
________________________
in favour of　
do me a favour　
机会青睐有准备的人。　
A man who is dead to the justice is not reliable.
一个没有正义感的人是不可信的。
Currently, investors do not always have access to reliable information when they need it.
目前，投资者在需要的时候并不总是能够获得可靠的信息。
A reliable car is worth its weight in gold.
靠得住的汽车就是很有价值的。
8．（语境再现）What is more reliable guide for understanding someone’s feelings, their body language or the words they speak
reliable adj. 可靠的；可信赖的
(1)reliable person可靠的人(可以信任)
reliable data/information可靠的数据/信息(信息准确)
reliable quality/service可靠的质量/服务(正常运转)
(2)rely vi. 依赖；依靠
rely on sb. to do sth. 依赖某人做某事
rely on it that… (＝depend on it that… )相信……
归纳拓展
I rely on him because he is reliable.
我依靠他是因为他很可靠。
You may rely on it that she won’t change her mind.
你可以放心，她不会改变主意的。
单句语法填空
①My car’s not as ____________(rely) as it used to be.
②I have been convinced that the print media are usually more accurate and ______________ (reliable) than television.
③As long as one doesn’t come to rely ______ it, wishing for a few good things to happen never hurts anybody.
reliable　
more reliable　
on　
牛刀小试
完成句子
④You can ________________________(相信) Peter would like to accept the suggestion.
rely/depend on it that　
She had almost failed the exam, but her sister, by contrast, had done very well.
她考试差点不及格，而她的妹妹相比之下考得很好。
The coastal areas have mild winters, but by contrast the central plains become extremely cold.
沿海地区的冬天天气暖和，可是相比之下中部平原却异常寒冷。
1．（语境再现）In other countries, by contrast, eye contact is not always approved of.
by contrast相比之下(＝in contrast)
重点词组
in contrast to与……形成对比
The situation when we arrived was in marked contrast to the news reports.
我们到达时的局势与新闻报道的截然不同。
归纳拓展
完成句子
①When you look at their new system, ours seems very old-fashioned ______________(相比之下).
②Mary was short and fat, ______________(与……形成对比) her sister who was tall and slim.
by contrast　
in contrast to　
牛刀小试
By comparison, this house has the advantage of low price and that house has the advantage of convenient transportation.
相比较起来，这幢房子的优点是价格低，而那幢房子的优点是交通便利。
By comparison, British artists seemed to lack imagination and invention.
相比之下，英国艺术家似乎缺乏想象力和创造力。
2．（语境再现）By comparison, in Bulgaria and southern Albania, the gestures have the opposite meaning.
by comparison 相比之下；比较起来；通过比较
(1)by/in comparison with… 与……相比较
make a comparison作比较
(2)compare vt. 比较，对比；将……比作
compare A with B 把A和B进行比较
compare A to B 把A比作B
compared with/to与……相比
归纳拓展
单句语法填空
①The first unique human characteristic is that humans have extraordinarily large brains ____________(compare) with other animals.
②The tallest buildings in London are small in ______________ (compare) with New York’s skyscrapers.
compared　
comparison　
牛刀小试
完成句子
③After months of being in a tropical climate, Spain seemed cool ______________(相比之下).
④You can’t _________________(作比较) between American schools and Chinese schools; they are very different.
by comparison　
make a comparison　
A smile can break down barriers.
Their car broke down halfway the day before yesterday.
Talks with business leaders broke down last night.
He finally breaks down under the four-hour’s strain.
3．（语境再现）A smile can break down barriers.
break down
①消除；分解；打破；
②(机器或车辆)坏掉，出故障；
③(讨论、谈判等)失败；
④(健康或精神等方面)垮掉，崩溃
巧学助记
break up解散；破碎；结束
break through突破；冲破
break away (from)脱离；逃脱
break in强行进入；插话
break into强行进入(某处)；突然开始(笑、唱等)
break out(战争、火灾等)爆发
归纳拓展
判断下列句子中break down的含义
①If George keeps on working so hard, he’ll break down sooner or later. ___________________________
②What is known to us all is that the bacteria that live in the soil help to break down our wastes. __________
③One night in the pouring rain, Tawny Nelson’s car broke down on the road. __________
④Attempts must be made to break down the barrier between the two communities. ________
(健康或精神等方面)垮掉　
使分解　
出故障　
消除　
牛刀小试
单句语法填空
⑤Their study in college would break up the next month, so they decided to break ______ their band.
⑥A big fire broke _______ last night and its cause is being looked into.
⑦When he got home, he found his house broken ________.
⑧See, your computer has broken ________ again! It doesn’t make sense to buy the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars.
up　
out　
into　
down
1．①In Japan, it may demonstrate respect to look down when talking to an older person.
在日本，和年长的人说话时目光向下以表示尊敬。
②Placing your hands together and resting them on the side of your head while closing your eyes means “sleep”.
双手并拢放在头的一侧，同时闭上眼睛表示“睡觉”。
句式分析：在以上两个句子中，when talking和while closing都采用了省略的形式。完整的形式是when they are talking和while you are closing。
重点句型
状语从句中的省略
状语从句的省略是指在时间、条件、比较、让步状语从句中，将从句的主语和be动词一起省略。通常需要具备以下条件：
(1)从句主语与主句主语一致，或从句主语为it；
(2)从句中含有be动词。
Video games can be a bad influence if (they are) left in the wrong hands.
电子游戏如果落入一个错误的人手中就能够产生不良影响。
归纳拓展
It is so cold that you can’t go outside unless (you are) fully covered in thick clothes.
外面太冷了，你不要出去，除非用厚衣服完全裹起来。
While (you were) walking the dog，you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.
遛狗的时候，你太大意了，它挣脱了，被车撞了。
The disease was spreading faster than (it was) expected，but they took action in time.
疾病比预计的传播得快，但是他们及时采取了措施。
惯用省略结构：
if so如果是这样的话
if not如果不是这样；否则
if necessary如果有必要
if possible如果可能的话
if any如果有的话
if ever如果曾经有的话
归纳拓展
单句语法填空
①Unless ___________(invite), I won’t go to his party this weekend.
②If _________(ask) to look after luggage for someone else, inform the police at once.
③While ____________(watch) TV, I heard a strange noise.
④They had no fault. They did everything as ________(tell).
⑤The weather was worse than ____________(expect).
invited　
asked　
watching　
told　
expected　
牛刀小试
同义句转换
⑥Whenever possible, the children should play outside in the fresh air.
→Whenever ______________, the children should play outside in the fresh air.
⑦When completed, the library will be open to the public next year.
→When _______________, the library will be open to the public next year.
it is possible　
it is completed　
2．In countries like France and Russia, people may kiss their friends on the cheek when they meet.
在法国和俄罗斯这样的国家，朋友见面时可能会亲吻脸颊。
句式分析：这是一个主从复合句。when they meet是when引导的时间状语从句，主句中kiss sb. on the cheek亲吻某人的面颊。
“及物动词＋sb. ＋介词＋the＋表示身体部位的名称”结构
在该结构中，若身体部位不同，所用介词也不同，其具体用法如下：
拍，打：pat，strike，hit，beat
抓：catch，seize，grasp
拉，牵：pull，take，hold
in＋the＋柔软的部位(如face，eye，leg等)
on＋the＋坚硬的部位(如head，shoulder，back等)
by＋the＋可牵拉的部位(如hand，arm，ear等)
归纳拓展
The angry father caught his son by the arm.
那个生气的父亲拽住了儿子的胳膊。
The naughty boy hit the man on the nose.
那个淘气的男孩打中了那个人的鼻子。
The teacher patted me on the shoulder, telling me the news.
老师拍着我的肩膀，告诉我这个消息。
The referee warned the player not to kick the rival in the stomach. 裁判警告这名选手不能踢竞争对手的肚子。
介词后面所跟的表示身体部位的名词前面要用the，而不是his，her等物主代词。
特别提醒
单句语法填空
①I hit the fellow ______ the head.
②The girl hit the boy ______ the mouth.
③The mother held the children ______ the hand.
④The little child took his grandma ______ the arm and walked her across the street.
on　
in　
by　
by　
牛刀小试
3．And if we are feeling down or lonely, there is nothing better than seeing the smiling face of a good friend.
而且如果我们感到沮丧或孤独，没有什么比看到好朋友的笑脸更好的了。
句式分析：这是一个主从复合句。本句使用了“否定词＋比较级”结构，否定词nothing与比较级better连用，表示最高级含义。
(1)在“否定词＋比较级”句式中，常用的否定词有no，not，never，nothing，nobody，hardly等。
(2)最高级意义的多种表达法：
①否定词＋形容词/副词比较级(＋than)
②否定词＋so/as＋形容词/副词原级＋as
归纳拓展
What a wonderful novel! I have never read a more moving one.
多么好的一本小说啊！我从未读过比这更感人的了。
I have never spent a more worrying day.
我从来没有经历过比这更令人担忧的一天了。
Tom is more intelligent than any other student/all the other students in his class.
汤姆是他班上最聪明的学生。
单句语法填空
①No one could be ______________(generous); he has a heart of gold.
②Mr. Stevenson is great to work for—I really couldn’t ask for a __________(good) boss.
③Nothing is ______________(pleasant) than staying home listening to music.
④The weather couldn’t be _________(bad), so we will not go out.
more generous　
better　
more pleasant　
worse　
牛刀小试
句型转换
⑤He is the tallest student in his class.
→There is _________________ than him in his class.
no taller student　
4．Can you describe a situation where you might smile when you don’t mean it
你能描述一个你可能不是真心微笑的情况吗？
句式分析：这是一个主从复合句。主句是Can you describe a situation，后面是where引导的定语从句，修饰先行词situation。
表示抽象地点的名词后接where引导的定语从句
当先行词为表示抽象地点的名词，如point，situation，case，stage，condition，scene，activity，position，site，spot等，后接定语从句时，若关系词在从句中作状语，需用关系副词where引导。
He got into a situation where it was hard to tell what was right and wrong. 他陷入一种难以分辨是非的局面。
After graduation she reached a point where she had to decide what to do. 毕业后她到了必须决定做什么的境地。
归纳拓展
(1)表示抽象地点的名词后接定语从句时，如果关系词在从句中不作状语，而是作宾语或主语等，则关系词不能用where，而要用that/which。
Remember that there is still one point that/which we must make clear at the conference tomorrow.
记住在明天的会议上我们还有一点必须弄清楚。(that/which作宾语)
特别提醒
(2)关系副词where引导定语从句时，可用“介词＋关系代词”替换。
They need an activity where (＝in which) they can learn to cooperate with each other.
他们需要一项他们能够学习彼此合作的活动。
单句语法填空
①Self-driving is an area _________ China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.
②Then I got to the point _________ I was staying up really late at night to get my work done.
③—Do you have anything to say for yourself
—Yes, there is one point ______________ I must insist on.
④It’s helpful to put children in a situation _________ they can see themselves differently，and this is ________ I agree with.
where　
where　
which/that　
where　
what　
牛刀小试
Thank You

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