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(共21张PPT)
Module 2 Public holidays
Unit 3 Language in use
What is Adverbial Clause （什么是状语从句？）
状语从句（Adverbial Clause）是指句子用作状语时，起副词作用的句子。状语从句中的从句可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词（即to do、doing、done）、定语（一般指人和物）、状语或整个句子。
状语从句根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。状语从句一般由连词（从属连词，即从句引导词）引导，也可以由词组引起。从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开，位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。
从句三要素：①语序
②引导词
③时态
①语序：从句语序必须为陈述句语序。
②引导词：从句中的引导词要根据整个句子的意思来确定。
③时态：有五个原则：“主现从随意”、“主过从过”、“客观真理用一现”、“主将从现”、“主祈从现”。
Adverbial Clause of
Time 时间状语从句
Place 地点状语从句
Cause 原因状语从句
Condition 条件状语从句
Purpose 目的状语从句
Result 结果状语从句
Concession 让步状语从句
Manner 方式状语从句
Comparison 比较状语从句
Adverbial clause of time（时间状语从句）
什么是时间状语从句？
如果我们用从句表达一件事情或一个行为发生的时间，那么这个从句就叫时间状语从句。不同的引导词引导的时间状语从句的意思也不同。
时间状语从句的引导词（如下表）：
引导词 词意
when/while 当……的时候
as soon as 一……就……
before 在……之前
after 在……之后
until 直到……才
since 自从……
由when引导的时间状语从句
when的意思是“当……的时候”，既可以表示在某一时间点发生的事，也可以表示在某一时间段发生的事。主句和从句描述的动作或事情既可以同时发生，也可以先后发生。主句与从句常用的时态分别是“主过从过近”、“主过进从过”、“主过从过”。例如：
When the weather is fine, many people go out for a walk. 天气好时，很多人都出去散步。
When I got home, I found my baby girl singing in the sitting room. 我到家时，发现我的小女儿正在客厅里唱歌。
1. I was writing my homework my father came in my room.
2. I was a kid, I thought the Zootopia is the most perfect place in the world.
when
When
由as soon as引导的时间状语从句
as soon as的意思是“一……就……”，强调动作紧密相连。常见时态搭配为“主将从现”和“主祈从现”。例如：
My family always go somewhere interesting as soon as the holiday begins. 假期一开始，我们全家就会去某个好玩的地方。
We began to work as soon as we got there. 我们一到那儿就开始工作了。
1. he opens the gate from the outside, he comes into the garden and waits until the gate shuts.
2. Don’t forget to communicate with us you arrive.
as soon as
As soon as
3. He took out his English books he sat down.
A. when B. while C. as soon as

由before/after引导的时间状语从句
before表示“在……之前”，强调动作紧密相连。常见时态搭配为“主将从现”和“主祈从现”。例如：
Before we begin dinner, my father gives thanks for the food. 吃饭前，我父亲会表达（因拥有食物而产生的）感激之情。
Mother sometimes prepares dinner after I come back from school. 妈妈有时在我放学回家后才准备晚饭。
1. I always finish my homework I use my computer.
2. Please do your things you finish work.
3. Don’t eat too much snack you have dinner.
A. after B. before C. when

before
after
由while引导的时间状语从句
while引导的时间状语从句表示主句的行为在从句行为进行的过程中发生。由于while从句表示一个持续的行为，所以从句中要用持续性动词或状态动词。例如：
While they were crossing the Atlantic, many people died. 他们中的很多人在横渡大西洋时丧生了。
Don’t make any noise while I am recording. 我在录音时（你们）别发出声音。
1. she was making a phone call, I was writing a letter.
2. I was doing my homework my sister was playing games.
while
While
3. I was drawing my brother was reading.
A. when B. while C. as soon as

由until引导的时间状语从句
until表示动作或状态一直持续到某一时刻，即“直到……”。例如：
He waited until all the guests left. 他一直等到所有客人都走了。
I will wait until you finish all the work. 我会等到你完成所有工作。
本模块第一单元对话中出现了包含until的句子，但until后接的不是时间状语从句，而只是时间状语：
My parents and I are going to visit some friends in Shandong Province and we’ll stay there until the end of the holiday. 我和父母要去山东拜访一些朋友，我们会在那儿一直待到假期结束。
此句中until之后接的时间状语the end of the holiday等同于时间状语从句until the holiday is over。
1. I waited he came back.
2. I didn't leave the boy his mother turned up.
until
until
3. The noise of the street didn't stop it was midnight.
A. until B. till C. as soon as

由since引导的时间状语从句
since引导的时间状语从句常与完成时连用，表示“自从……”。其主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。例如：
I have known Bill since he was born. 从比尔出生起，我就认识他。
She has studied very hard since he came to our school. 自从来到我们学校，她学习就非常努力。
1. I have left Nanjing five years ago.
2. I have never heard from her she has worked there.
since
since
3. He have taught high school students 6 years ago.
A. for B. ever C. since

课本练习
Activity 1: Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words or expression in the box. There may be more than one answer.
after as soon as since until while
1. our friends arrived, we all went to the square.
2. they were watching TV, we listened to music and sang traditional songs.
3. it was twelve o’clock, we all shouted “Happy New Year”.
4. We stayed there she arrived.
5. He has made a lot of progress he started to learn English last month.
After
While
As soon as
until
since
Activity 2: Complete the conversation with the clauses in the box.
after the food has all gone
as soon as you’ve ready
before there are too many people
before we go
when we get back
While we’re wating for the New Year
Betty: When are we going to the party
Daming: We’re waiting for you. We can go (1) .
Betty: OK, let’s go. It’s better to be early and get there (2) .
Daming: Yes, we don’t want to get there (3) .
Betty: Oh, Daming! You always think about eating.
Daming: Well, it’s something to do (4) .
Betty: Don’t you want to make a wish for the New Year (5)
Daming: No, it’s OK. I’ll make one (6) .
b)
c)
a)
f)
d)
e)
Activity 4: Complete the passage with the words in the box.
before until When while
Christmas is a happy holiday. (1) it comes, people celebrate it in different ways. To many people in the world, this time of year is the season for giving and receiving presents. Children think that Father Christmas waits (2)
they are asleep and then comes in and leaves presents for them. They would like him to come (3) they fall asleep, so they can see him. They do not know that it is their parents who put the presents at the end of their beds (4)
they are sleeping.
When
until
before
while
in different ways 以不同的方式
入睡
in the end 在末尾（时间）
at the end of …末尾（时间、空间）
Activity 5: Complete the passage with the expressions in the box.
as well get together have a picnic spend some time take a vacation the end of
I always count down the days until (1) the term, because then it is the beginning of the holiday. We have several weeks off school and we can (2) doing our favourite things. For example, we can (3) with friends. When the weather is good, we can (4)
in the park and play games (5) . Sometimes we can (6) in a different part of the country. For me, I always like enjoying myself on the beach in the south, but it spends on the weather. I just hope it will be sunny when it is time for the next holiday. I cannot wait!
the end of
spend some time
get together
have a picnic
as well
take a vacation
Activity 6: Complete the conversations with the sentences in the box.
a) Enjoy yourself b) Good luck c) Have a nice trip d) Well done
1. —We’re going to visit the Grand Canyon with Aunt Li for the holiday.
— !
2. —I’m going to take a vacation tomorrow.
—Oh, good! !
3. —I’m taking my driving test next week.
— !
4. —I’ve just run one thousand metres and beaten everyone!
— !
c)
a)
b)
d)
Thanks for watching!

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