资源简介

(共36张PPT)
分析句子成分
学习目标
1. 区分谓语和非谓语动词
2. 确定从句属性
3. 分析长难句
五种基本句型与句子成分
主谓(vi)
主谓(vt)宾
主谓(vt)宾宾
主谓(vt)宾宾补
主系表
基本成分
主语
谓语
宾语
宾补
表语
在vt,介词后
在系动词后
在宾语后，补充说明宾语
在主语后
附加成分
定语
状语
修饰名词、代词
修饰动词、形容词、副词、全句
分析简单句
First：
Second：
谓语（主谓）
定语/状语
句子主干
Analysis of simple sentences
1. The sun rises in the east.
2. The house stands empty for many years.
3. I enjoy chatting with you face to face.
4. H1N1 caused two people to die in that village.
5. He recommended some good books to me.
6. He found himself surrounded by some wolves.
句子种类
●简单句 (一套主谓）
功能：
陈述句
疑问句
祈使句
感叹句
●并列句
(2以上套主谓;
并列连词）
●主从复合句
(2以上套主谓;
从属连词/引导词)
句子结构：
主谓
主谓宾
主谓宾宾
主谓宾宾补
主系表
He came in.
He cam in and sat down.
He and Tom came in, sat down, took out books, and began to read.
He came in but Tom went out.
When he came in, Tom went out.
简单句
简单句
简单句
并列句
复合句
Everybody can buy takeaway food, but sometimes we’re not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves.(2018全国1)
一个句子中有一个谓语动词，两个以上要有并列连词连接，只需在最后两个之间用并列连词。
两个句子之间有一个连词；3个句子之间有2个连词... n个句子，有n-1个连词。
谓语（主谓/句子主干）
连词
n个句子
(n-1)个连词(句子)
区分谓语和非谓语动词
1. 谓语动词的18种形式
2. 非谓语动词的10种形式
3. 谓语动词与连词的比例关系
时间
状态
现在
过去
将来
过去将来
一般
进行
完成
完成进行
一般现在时
一般过去时
一般将来时
过去将来时
现在进行时
过去进行时
将来进行时
现在完成时
过去完成时
现在完成进行时
do/does
did
will do
would do
am/is/are doing
was/ were doing
will be doing
have/has done
had done
have been doing
am/is/are done
was/were done
will be done
would be done
am/is/are being done
was/were beingdone
have/has been done
had been done
to do
to be done
to be doing
to have done
to have been done
doing
being done
having done
having been done
done
write wrote written writing
谓语动词形式
write/writes
wrote
will write
would write
am/is/are writing
was/were writing
will be writing
have/has written
had written
have/has been writing
非谓语动词形式
to write
to be written
to be writing
to have written
to have been written
writing
being written
having written
having been written
written
am/is/are written/ was/were written
will be written
would be written am/is/are being written was /were being written
have/has been written had been written
一个句子一个谓语动词，两个以上要有并列连词连接，只需在最后两个之间用并列连词。
两个句子之间有一个连词；3个句子之间有2个连词... n个句子，有n-1个连词。
Hearing the news, they jumped with joy.
While walking along the river, we heard some one shouting.
Having tea in the afternoon provides a bridge between unch and dinner, which might not be served until 8 o'clock at night.
It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method.
There are many different ways to spend their spare time.
Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time spent with his students.
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
语法填空中的谓语和非谓语
非谓语动词
1.搭配
2. to do做目的状语，真正主语，真正宾语
3. doing做主语
4. 主动doing, 被动done
1. On the last day of our week-long stay, we__________(invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, listening to musicians and meeting interesting locals.
were invited
2. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I _______ (make)over the years.
3. On our way to the house, it was raining so hard that we couldn’t help wondering how long it would take ________(get) there.
have made
to get
4.It ______(be) a tradition since the king stopped the trading on a Sunday.
5. The HZMB_________(design) to last for 120 years was built with a cost of 126.9 billion yuan.
has been
desighed
6. They ___________(require) to process the food we eat.
7. Time ___________(permit), I will pay a visit to the old temple.
were required
permitting
8. When the dog__________(cross)the street, it was knocked down by a car.
9. When __________(cross)the street, the dog was knocked down by a car.
was crossing
crossing
确定从句属性
确定从句属性
下列从句是什么从句？
_______you do, I will support you.
_______ you do will be supported.
I will do _______ I can do to help him.
I will do everything _______ I can do to help him.
The problem is _______ we can do to help him.
We like the idea _______we can do something to help him.
Whatever/No matter what
What
what
that
what
that
1. The four new great inventions are all related to China’s high-tech innovation, ______ has improved the quality of people’s life.
2. The ideal nap depends on ____ you want from that nap.
which
what
3. They were well trained by their masters, _______ had great experience with caring for these animals.
4. It’s true _____ TCM is one of the oldest healing systems on the planet.
who
that
According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total 67 (globe) fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 — when the government 68 (start) a soil-testing program 69 gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers — and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission (排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China’s approach to protecting its environment while 70 (feed) its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide,” says the bank’s Juergen Voegele. (2018全国卷2)
global, started, that/which, feeding
分析长难句
正确理解句意
句子咋复杂起来的？
————基本句型的扩大
主谓(vi)
主谓(vt)宾
主谓(vt)宾宾
主谓(vt)宾宾补
主系表
定语/状语
三长两短
并列
“三长”是指英语中的三种较长修饰成分
1.介词短语：介词+n/pron/doing
2.从句
3.非谓语动词
“两短”是指英语中的两种较短修饰成分：
形容词、副词
Li Hui is a professor.
Li hui is a famous professor.
Li hui is a famous professor teaching English .
Li hui is a famous professor teaching English in Beijing .
Li hui is a famous professor teaching English in Beijing, which is the capital of China .
Li hui is a famous professor teaching English in Beijing, which is the capital of China , and he often goes abroad.
形容词/副词
非谓语动词
介词短语
从句
并列
三长两短一并列
Li hui is a famous professor teaching English in Beijing, which is the capital of China , and he often goes abroad.
三个符号读懂长难句
Step1: 横线画出谓语动词
Step2: 圆圈圈出连词
Step3: 括号括出“三长两短一并列”
【做直译】：一个括号一个括号地翻译
李辉是著名教授 – 教英语 – 在北京 – 它是中国的首都 – 而且他经常出国
_
_
___
(
(
(
(
)
)
)
)
The Department of Agriculture has programs aimed at developing more farmers and at increasing interest in locally grown food.
__
(
)
(
)
(
)
农业部有计划---针对发展更多农民--和提高利润---在本土出产的食物。
农业部有针对发展更多农民和提高本土出产食物的利润的计划。
While obtaining the test spiders from a pet shop was easy enough, training them to jump on demand so that the precise movements could be recorded was challenging.
What’s the main purpose of the program
A. To reduce patients pain caused by their diseases.
B. To train therapy dogs well enough to serve the patients.
C. To make child patients feel comfortable and recover soon.
D. To do some research on dogs’ contribution on medical
science.
This program gives the children the opportunity to interact safely with the dogs and receive their unconditional love and acceptance in the hope of making the hospital environment more comfortable and less stressful.
注意：
1.注意判断并列连词所连接的并列成分（可连接并列主语、宾语、谓语、句子等）。
2.主从复合句中，主句前没有引导词，每个从句都必须有且只有一个引导词。但是2种情况可省。
3. 理解或翻译句子时，不要试图用一句话翻译完整个句子。
牛刀小试
Mobile phone SIM cards which are put in the collars(项圈) of elephants automatically send a text message when they get too close to farms, allowing wildlife workers to drive them off rather than shoot them.
Then, some weeks later, send another brief letter to explain that you still have not found the perfect position and that you will be available to interview again if the original position you applied for or any other position is open.
Adverbial Clauses状从:
Before, after, when, while, as, since, until,
till, if, unless, in case, in order that, so that, because, as, since, so…that, such…that
although, though, even though/if, whether, as if, as though, where….
Attributive Clauses定从:
Which, that, who, whom, whose, when,
where, why…
Noun Clauses名从:
What , that, whether, if, how, which, when, why, where…
从属连词
时间
状态
现在
过去
将来
过去将来
一般
进行
完成
完成进行
一般现在时
一般过去时
一般将来时
过去将来时
现在进行时
过去进行时
将来进行时
现在完成时
过去完成时
现在完成进行时
do/does
did
will do
would do
am/is/are doing
was/ were doing
will be doing
have/has done
had done
have been doing
am/is/are done
was/were done
will be done
would be done
am/is/are being done
was/were beingdone
have/has been done
had been done
to do
to be done
to be doing
to have done
to have been done
doing
being done
having done
having been done
done

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