资源简介

登录二一教育在线组卷平台 助您教考全无忧
安徽省滁州市定远县2022-2023学年高二上学期第一次月考英语试题
一、阅读 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
（2022高二上·定远月考）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Annette Larkins is an incredible woman
who looks like a healthy 40-year-old, although she just turned 70. She follows
a special raw diet and only drinks rainwater.
She looks so young that people mistake
her for the daughter, when she's out with her husband of 54 years, but I
suppose he isn't complaining.
Mrs. Larkins says the secret to her
beauty lies in her special diet, consisting of organic vegetables, fruits,
seeds and nuts grown in her own garden; she calls it the "fountain
of youth". The woman doesn't touch anything that has been cooked.
And another strange thing she does is
to collect rainwater, to keep her garden blossoming, but also to drink. But the
resident of Miami-Dade County, Florida, didn't always have such a healthy
lifestyle. In fact, she consumed meat regularly, as her husband used to own a
meat factory way back in the 1960s. It was then that she decided to change her
eating habits forever. And what a great decision that was. I mean, just look at
her!
When she started off, Mrs. Larkins was
just looking for a few health benefits and never expected that she would look
like a 40-year-old at the age of 70. Over the 27 years, Mrs. Larkins has been
eating raw food, and she has written two booklets called Journey to Health and
also produce a DVD containing all her healthy secrets.
Her husband, Mr. Larkins, wishes he had
followed her example, because now he looks much, older and also suffers from
diabetes (糖尿病) and high blood
pressure. He takes prescription medicine every day, but Annette doesn't even
take an aspirin.
1．What does the underlined word "it" in paragraph 3 refer to
A．The organic food. B．Her beauty.
C．Specially cooked food. D．Her raw diet.
2．What did the woman do with her healthy secrets
A．She sold them to the local people.
B．She abandoned them at the age of
C．She publicized them in various ways.
D．She improved them with her husband's help.
3．What is the author's attitude towards Mrs. Larkins's lifestyle
A．Disapproving. B．Supportive
C．Sympathetic(同情的) D．Doubtful
（2022高二上·定远月考）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
British people work some of the longest
hours in Europe, but are among the least productive. Now some companies are
shortening the working week to increase efficiency, health and happiness.
Rich Leigh has introduced a four-day
week at his PR company. In fact, his company has Friday off, because his firm
has taken a four-day week. It is one of a handful of UK businesses that now
operate like this: workers still get paid the same as their five-day salary,
but they work a day less. The company found that they achieved just as much—and there were
even signs of growth. "The key to the scheme's success," Leigh says,
"is how happy our employees now are."
The average British worker takes only a
34 minute lunch break and works 10 hours overtime each week (more often than
not this is unpaid). Yet UK productivity falls seriously behind their European
neighbors, who tend to work fewer hours.
British working practices have caused
loss and damage to the nation's health and happiness. More than half a million
workers in the UK quit jobs with work-related stress or anxiety last year.
Moreover, the working conditions are changing. Automation (自动化) and AI will have
a significant impact on the labor market, where it's a struggle to have regular
work.
Britain is the only EU member that
allows workers to ignore the EU working time limit and work longer hours. Now
it is the time for a change. O'Grady, an advocate, argues that where businesses
have increased their profits as a result of automation, success should be
shared with workers in the form of reduced hours. "It's time to share the
benefits from new technology, not allowing those at the top to enjoy the
benefits by themselves." she says.
4．We can learn from the passage that ______.
A．British people are the least productive in the world
B．Most companies in Britain have performed a four-day week
C．PR company has seen a rise in employees' happiness
D．British people work longer and get more payment than other countries
5．Which is the proper description of British working practices
A．The working time of British workers is within the EU limit.
B．As to productivity, Britain is beaten by the United States.
C．Profits gained from new technology are on the decrease.
D．Automation and AI are likely to cause an irregular work market.
6．Which can be inferred from O' Grady's words in the last paragraph
A．It's time for employers to share the increased profits created by automation.
B．Workers should benefit from automation in the form of less working hours.
C．New technology should belong to both businesses and workers.
D．Businesses can't make more profits without new technology.
7．What is the author's purpose of writing the passage
A．To introduce some British firms' change to a four-day working week.
B．To explain the reasons why British workers suffer stress and anxiety.
C．To make a request for more reasonable working conditions.
D．To present the present productivity problem in Britain.
（2022高二上·定远月考）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
When you walk on a sandy beach, it
takes more energy than walking down a sidewalk, because the weight of your body
pushes into the sand. It turns out that the same thing is true for vehicles
driving on roads.
"The weight of the vehicles
creates a very shallow indentation (凹陷) in the pavement, and it makes it such
that it's continuously driving up a very shallow hill," said Jeremy
Gregory, a scientist at MIT. He modeled with his teammates how much energy
could be saved, and greenhouse gases avoided, by simply hardening the nation's
roads and highways.
And they found that hardening 10
percent of the nation's roads every year could prevent emissions equal to 440
megatons of carbon dioxide over the next 5 decades—that amount is
equal to how much CO2 you'd spare the planet by keeping a billion barrels of
oil in the ground or by growing 7 billion trees for a decade. It reduces 0.5%
of projected transportation emissions over that time period.
As for how to harden roads, Gregory
says you could combine small amounts of certain fiber with high technology into
paving materials. Or you could pave with specially-made concrete, which is
harder than ordinary construction materials.
This system could also be a way to
shave carbon emissions without some of the usual barriers. "Usually, when
it comes to reducing emissions in the transportation department, you're talking
about changing policies related to vehicles and also driver behavior, which
involves millions and millions of people—as opposed to
changing the way we design and preserve our pavements. That's just on the order
of thousands of people who are working in transportation agencies." And
when it comes to improving our streets and highways, those agencies are where
you might say the rubber meets the road.
8．What's the main idea of Paragraph 3
A．It's valuable to harden roads.
B．It's necessary to reduce carbon dioxide.
C．We should harden roads to protect oil and trees.
D．We should take measures to prevent CO2 emissions.
9．According to Gregory, which could be the possible way to harden roads
A．Using regular building materials.
B．Creating hi-tech computer models.
C．Changing traditional paving materials.
D．Mixing fiber with special-made concrete.
10．Which of the following is one of the benefits of hardening roads
A．It profits transportation agencies.
B．It avoids involving too many people.
C．It offers people more job chances.
D．It creates new policies on vehicles.
11．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．How to Harden Roads.
B．Sandy Beaches or Sidewalks
C．Harden Roads to Save Energy.
D．Ways to Cut Down Carbon Emissions.
（2022高二上·定远月考）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
The record heavy rainfall in Zhengzhou, capital of Henan province, which has seriously threatened dams and caused flood warnings for several rivers in the city, has left 12 people dead and forced about 100,000 to be displaced (转移), the provincial information office said on Wednesday.
The heavy rain across Henan, one of the most populated provinces with 94 million people, began on Saturday, with Zhengzhou being one of the hardest-hit areas. The severe rain in the city is expected to last until Wednesday night.
About 20.2 centimeters of rainfall hit Zhengzhou in just one hour since 4 pm on Tuesday, exceeding China's record for hourly rainfall in inland areas. Also, between 6 pm on Saturday and midnight Wednesday, five weather stations in the city logged record rainfall amounts while 61.7cm of rain had drenched (浸透) Zhengzhou—almost equal to the annual average of 64.1cm, the local meteorological bureau reported.
Around 6 pm Tuesday, floodwater rushed into a section of the tunnel of the city's subway line, trapping passengers inside in waist-high water. A total of 500 people had been evacuated (疏散), and 12 people died. All subways in the city have stopped running.
Meanwhile, Zhengzhou's flood control headquarters said on Wednesday that water storage at Guojiazui Reservoir was at "major risk" of dam failure. People in high risk areas have been warned and started to evacuate. The water levels of other dams in the city have also exceeded the flood warning level.
The Central Theater of People's Liberation Army said on Wednesday morning that it has sent more than 3,000 men and 80 sets of equipment to fight the floods and carry out rescue work in the city as its emergency response level for floods has been raised to level 1.
Other parts of Henan were also hit by heavy rain and record rainfall has been reported in several areas. At 3 am on Wednesday, the province's emergency response level for floods has also been raised to level 1 from level 2.
What's more, the water levels of 32 dams have breached (突破) the flood warning level. In the city of Luoyang, local authorities said the rainfall had caused a 20 meter breach in the Yihetan Dam, and that the dam "could fall down at any time".
12．How did the 12 people lose their lives
A．They were washed away by the floodwater near the subway.
B．Floodwater rushed into their houses and they were drowned.
C．Floodwater rushed into the tunnel of the city's subway line.
D．The buses were tapped in the floodwater and they couldn't get out.
13．What does the underlined word “exceeding” in Para.3 mean
A．Falling behind. B．Leading to.
C．Getting through. D．Going beyond.
14．When did the Central Theater of People's Liberation Amy send more than 3,000 men to Zhengzhou
A．When the water levels of 32 dams breached the flood warning level.
B．When its emergency response level for floods was raised to level 1.
C．After 20.2 centimeters of rainfall hit Zhengzhou in just one hour.
D．After all subways in Zhengzhou were affected by the floodwater.
15．What can be the best title for the news report
A．Record rainfall in Zhengzhou threatens dams.
B．People in Henan in high risk areas start to evacuate.
C．12 dead, 100,000 displaced after record rainfall in Henan.
D．Heavy rainfall causes flood warnings for rivers in Zhengzhou.
二、任务型阅读(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
（2022高二上·定远月考）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
If you want to save money on groceries following ways will help you cut $100 out of your monthly grocery bill without too much effort.
　16． 　 Convenience lets you save time for other things you need to get done. Pre-made items may save your time, but they cost a pretty penny. These items come in the form of packaged dinners or pre-cut produce. Instead of that plate of cut pineapple, buy the whole fruit or vegetable for a part of the cost.
Know what to buy in bulk (大批). Shopping at warehouse stores can be a great way to save money, but not every item is worth buying in bulk. 　17． 　
Skip the meat. The Bureau of Labor Statistics reports that the average cost of beef is $4.13 per pound this March. 　18． 　 If you skip the beef twice a week, you can instantly cut $30 to $40, if not more, off your grocery bill each month.
Know what to buy in season. Fruits and vegetables are a great addition to your daily diet, but they can add a significant amount to your grocery bill, especially when you buy items out of season. 　19． 　 If your favorite items are getting ready to go out of season, consider buying a little extra and freezing them.
　20． 　 However, there are ways to, stretch your dollar further without hurting your habits.
A. Store pre-made items. B. Skip the prepared items. C. Shopping for groceries can be an expensive attempt. D. Beef has seen a significant increase in price over the past few years. E. The cost can add up quickly if you're eating beef three or four times per week. F. As produce items go out of season, the become more expensive as the supply decreases. G. Certain items make sense to buy in large quantities as they typically have a longer shelf life.
三、完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
（2022高二上·定远月考）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My Olympic dream began a few years
after I started ski jumping. The Sochi Games are the first time women ski
jumpers are 21． to compete for gold. Before that my
Olympic dream was just impossible. So I dearly wanted a(n) 22． on
this historic team. But first, I had to overcome the worst day of my life.
Five months before the Games, an
unimaginable amount of 23． overtook me during my training—my right knee was
severely broken. Lying there, a sense of despair 24． me,
and I thought my dream was all over.
To my 25． ,
my doctor told me that it was still 26． to make it to Sochi. He
said that 27． anyone could come back in time, it would
be me. I took his words to heart, and decided I wouldn't let anything 28． me.
The road to my full 29． demanded
hard work. I couldn't 30． how quickly my body healed, but I could 31． myself
to workouts and rehab (康复治疗). I 32． hours
and hours at the gym. Despite all the sweat, I was 33． about
the outcome due to my injury. However, I was all in because I knew that I had
to work hard so that I could have a 34． to prove myself.
35． , my hard work
paid off. I passed the strength tests and was named to the 2014 Sochi Olympic
team.
21．A．convinced B．allowed C．forced D．attracted
22．A．place B．model C．bet D．advertisement
23．A．interest B．excitement C．pain D．expectation
24．A．seized B．helped C．comforted D．amused
25．A．fear B．anger C．disappointment D．surprise
26．A．difficult B．possible C．important D．necessary
27．A．unless B．though C．if D．since
28．A．test B．refuse C．stop D．blame
29．A．competition B．challenge C．speed D．recovery
30．A．control B．explain C．ignore D．accept
31．A．owe B．devote C．admit D．commend
32．A．waited for B．cut
down C．put in D．brought in
33．A．unsure B．hopeful C．crazy D．curious
34．A．degree B．chance C．value D．choice
35．A．Constantly B．Occasionally C．Definitely D．Fortunately
四、语法填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
（2022高二上·定远月考）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Our nation is proud that our ancestors(祖先) made many great 　36． 　 (contribution) to the development of the world's civilizations. In ancient China, private teachers travelled from state to state explaining their philosophy. One of the most famous philosophers was 　37． 　 man named Confucius. His father died three years after he was born, 　38． 　 (leave) the family in poverty, but he received a fine education.
This Chinese man was a well-known leader in philosophy and he 　39． 　 (make) many wise phrases and theories about the law, life, and the government. Confucius is famous 　40． 　 his philosophy because he made many wise sayings in ancient China 　41． 　 helped many people learn about nature, the world, and the human behaviour. He also helped the government and the 　42． 　 (rule) by teaching them lessons on how the emperor should rule his kingdom 　43． 　 (successful). Actually, Chinese society 　44． 　 (influence) by his ideas for more than 2,000 years. And his thoughts are so popular today that many Confucius schools have been built in Western countries 　45． 　 (spread) them to people all over the world.
五、写作(满分40分)
46．（2022高二上·定远月考）假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Tom来信询问你校学生的体育运动和身体锻炼情况。请给他回信，内容包括：
1）学校建立了新体育馆；
2）主要的运动项目；
3）你喜欢的项目及原因。
注意：
1）词数80左右；
2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Tom，
Yours，
Li hua
47．（2022高二上·定远月考）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The last race of the day was over. My
breathing gradually stilled along with the ripples in the pool, but I stayed in
the water, watching sadly as the winners gathered for the medals ceremony.
"Don't look so sad," I heard
a voice say behind me. I turned around to see a tall, blond, blue-eyed man
standing on the edge of the pool. "You came in fourth, but you are the
best in your country." he said smiling. "I'm Ken Schafer, and
you "
"Rima Datta."
"And how old are you, Rima "
"Fourteen, Sir" I replied
lifting myself out of the water. Ken was a swimming coach from California and
asked me about my life as a swimmer until then.
My eldest brother, Anil, had taught me
how to swim, but I had no real training until I was nine when a coach from the
National Institute of Sports came for just three months a year to train the
boys at Mayo College, where our father taught. She set aside a couple of hours
a week for the daughters of the staff. It was she who had corrected my mistakes
and encouraged me to take part in competitions.
Surprised to hear how little steady
training I had had, Ken introduced me to the National Institute of Sports in
Patiala to be trained in this summer. The train was hard, and I felt quite
lonely away from my parents and all that was familiar. But it was Ken, with his
tireless enthusiasm, his passion for swimming, and his faith in me that kept me
focused.
I won my first gold medal at the
national championship that year, a fact that filled me with immense joy and Ken
with a sense of satisfaction that his work with me was paying off. Yet he
realized that what I really needed was a team to train with and steady coaching
year-round.
Then he persuaded my parents to allow
me to go to California and train there for a year. He even helped find out a
host family for me.
注意：
1）续写词数应为150左右；
2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
Alone on the long
flight to Los Angeles, I was filled with doubts, as I had never lived with a
strange family.
Paragraph 2:
The kindness of
the host family and Ken gave me all the practical and emotional support I
needed to train in a swimming club of California.
答案解析部分
【答案】1．D
2．C
3．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Mrs. Larkins利用健康的生活方式以及饮食习惯来让自己拥有一个健康的身体，另外，她还把自己的经验分享给大家，让更多的人拥有健康。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，代词指代和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
1．考查代词指代。根据第一段中的“She follows a special raw diet and only drinks rainwater. ”她吃特殊的生食，只喝雨水；以及第三段中“Mrs. Larkins says the secret to her beauty lies in her special diet, consisting of organic vegetables, fruits, seeds and nuts grown in her own garden; she calls it the ‘fountain of youth’. ”拉金斯夫人说她美丽的秘密在于她特殊的饮食，包括有机蔬菜，水果，种子和坚果，都是在她自己的花园里种植的；她称it为“青春之泉”可推知，代词“it”指的是上文所说她的生食饮食这一特殊习惯。故选D。
2．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“Over the 27 years that she has been eating raw, Mrs. Larkins has written two booklets railed Journey to Health and also produced a DVD containing all her healthy secrets．”在过去27年里，她一直吃生食，她写了两本《健康之旅》小册子，还制作了一张DVD，里面包含了她所有的健康秘诀。可知，拉金斯夫人用各种方式宣传自己的健康秘诀。故选C。
3．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Annette Larkins is an incredible woman who looks like a healthy 40-year-old, although she just turned 70.”安妮特·拉金斯是一个令人难以置信的女人，她看起来像一个健康的40岁的人，尽管她刚刚70岁；以及最后一段中的“He takes prescription medicine every day, but Annette doesn't even take an aspirin. ”他每天都吃处方药，但安妮特连一片阿司匹林都不吃。可推知，作者对拉金斯夫人生活方式推崇备至，是持支持态度。故选B。
【答案】4．C
5．D
6．B
7．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；社会文化类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一些企业为了提高员工幸福感，一周工作四天。公关公司见证了员工幸福感的提升。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和写作意图三个题型的考查，是一篇社会类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
4．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Now some companies are shortening the working week to increase efficiency, health and happiness.”现在一些公司缩短每周工作时间，以提高效率，健康和快乐；以及第二段中的“The company found that they achieved just as much—and there were even signs of growth. ‘The key to the scheme's success,’ Leigh says, ‘is how happy our employees now are.’”该公司发现，他们取得了同样的成就，甚至有增长的迹象。“该计划成功的关键，”利说，“是我们的员工现在有多幸福。”可知，PR公司见证了员工幸福感的提升。故选C。
5．考查细节理解。根据第四段“Automation (自动化) and AI will have a significant impact on the labor market, where it's a struggle to have regular work.”自动化和人工智能将对劳动力市场产生重大影响，因为在劳动力市场，人们很难正常工作。可知，自动化和人工智能可能导致就业市场不稳定。故选D。
6．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“O'Grady, an advocate, argues that where businesses have increased their profits as a result of automation, success should be shared with workers in the form of reduced hours.”O'Grady，是一位倡导者，他认为地方企业受益于自动化增加利润，应该与员工以减少工作时间的形式共享这种利益。可推知，员工应该以过减少工作时间的方式，受益于自动化的机器的发展。故选B。
7．考查写作意图。根据第一段“British people work some of the longest hours in Europe, but are among the least productive. Now some companies are shortening the working week to increase efficiency, health and happiness.”英国人的工作时间在欧洲是最长的，但也是生产率最低的。现在一些公司正在缩短工作周以提高效率、健康和幸福感；以及第二段中的“Rich Leigh has introduced a four-day week at his PR company.”Rich Leigh在他的公关公司介绍了一周四天的工作制。可知，本文主要介绍了英国一些企业为了提高员工幸福感，一周工作四天。故选A。
【答案】8．A
9．C
10．B
11．C
【知识点】主旨大意题；推理判断题；细节理解题；段落大意题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了坚硬的路面能节约能源，减少温室气体的排放。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断。段落大意和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
8．考查段落大意。根据第二段中的“He modeled with his teammates how much energy could be saved, and greenhouse gases avoided, by simply hardening the nation's roads and highways.”可知，Gregory和他的团队提出，通过把路面修的更加坚硬的方法，可以节约能源，减少温室气体的排放。接下来的第三段就是他们的具体实验结果，证明了坚硬的路面在节约能源方面的好处。故选A。
9．考查细节理解。根据第四段“As for how to harden roads, Gregory says you could combine small amounts of certain fiber with high technology into paving materials. Or you could pave with specially-made concrete, which is harder than ordinary construction materials.”至于如何硬化道路，格雷戈里说，你可以将少量的特定纤维与高科技结合成铺路材料。或者你也可以用特制的混凝土铺路，这比普通的建筑材料更硬。可知，让路面坚硬的方法有2个。一是可以把少量的特定的高科技纤维和铺路的材料混合起来；二是用比普通的建筑材料硬的特殊的混凝土铺路。故选C。
10．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“when it comes to reducing emissions in the transportation department, you're talking about changing policies related to vehicles and also driver behavior, which involves millions and millions of people——as opposed to changing the way we design and preserve our pavements.”说到交通部门的排放，你说的是改变与车辆和司机行为相关的政策，这涉及数百万人——而不是改变我们设计和保护人行道的方式。可知，传统的减少排放的方法就是改变机动车和司机们相关的政策，这牵涉到很多很多的人，跟改变设计和维护道路正好相反。可推知，坚硬道路不会牵涉很多人。故选B。
11．考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，介绍了坚硬的路面能节约能源，减少温室气体的排放。故选C。
【答案】12．C
13．D
14．B
15．C
【知识点】主旨大意题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；新闻报道类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了河南省省会郑州创纪录的强降雨严重威胁了大坝，并对该市的几条河流发出了洪水警报，造成12人死亡，约10万人流离失所，中国人民解放军已派出3000多人和80多套设备在该市抗洪救灾。洪水应急级别已提升至一级。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
12．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“floodwater rushed into a section of the tunnel of the city's subway line, trapping passengers inside in waist-high water. A total of 500 people had been evacuated (疏散), and 12 people died”洪水冲进该市地铁线路的一段隧道，将乘客困在齐腰高的水中。总共有500人被疏散， 12人死亡。可知，12死亡是因为洪水冲进了市地铁线路的一段隧道。故选C。
13．考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“About 20.2 centimeters of rainfall hit Zhengzhou in just one hour since 4 pm on Tuesday”自周二下午4点以来，郑州仅在一小时内就下了约20.2厘米的雨；以及“China's record for hourly rainfall in inland areas”中国内陆地区小时降雨量记录，并结合该段内容可知，雨下的太大，降雨量超过了中国内陆地区小时降雨量记录，所以 exceeding 是“超过”的意思。故选D。
14．考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段“The Central Theater of People's Liberation Army said on Wednesday morning that it has sent more than 3,000 men and 80 sets of equipment to fight the floods and carry out rescue work in the city as its emergency response level for floods has been raised to level 1.”周三上午，中国人民解放军中央战区表示，已派出3000多人和80多套设备在该市抗洪救灾，因其洪水应急级别已提升至一级。可知，洪水应急级别提升至一级时，中国人民解放军中央战区派遣超过3000名士兵去救灾。故选B。
15．考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“The record heavy rainfall in Zhengzhou, capital of Henan province, which has seriously threatened dams and caused flood warnings for several rivers in the city, has left 12 people dead and forced about 100,000 to be displaced (转移)”河南省省会郑州创纪录的强降雨严重威胁了大坝，并对该市的几条河流发出了洪水警报，造成12人死亡，约10万人流离失所。可知，本篇新闻报道了河南省省会郑州创纪录的强降雨严重威胁了大坝，并对该市的几条河流发出了洪水警报，造成12人死亡，约10万人流离失所。“河南创纪录降雨量造成12人死亡，10万人流离失所”最适合作文章标题。故选C。
【答案】16．B；17．G；18．E；19．F；20．C
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，论述了如果你想在日常用品上省钱，下面的方法可以帮你省下每月100美元的杂货费。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空后“Convenience lets you save time for other things you need to get done. Pre-made items may save your time, but they cost a pretty penny. These items come in the form of packaged dinners or pre-cut produce. Instead of that plate of cut pineapple, buy the whole fruit or vegetable for a part of the cost.”方便让你节省时间做其他需要做的事情。预制的物品可能会节省你的时间，但它们的成本相当高。这些物品以打包晚餐或预切产品的形式出现。与其吃那盘切好的菠萝，不如花一部分钱买整个水果或蔬菜。可知这一段主要讲了预先做好项目的弊端， B. Skip the prepared items. “跳过准备好的项目”概括本段，符合语境，故选B。
17．根据空前“Shopping at warehouse stores can be a great way to save money, but not every item is worth buying in bulk.”在仓储式商店购物是省钱的好方法，但并不是每件商品都值得批量购买。该空承接上文， G. Certain items make sense to buy in large quantities as they typically have a longer shelf life. “某些商品大批量购买是有意义的，因为它们通常有更长的货架期”符合语境，故选G。
18．根据空前“The Bureau of Labor Statistics reports that the average cost of beef is $ 4.13 per pound this March. ”美国劳工统计局报告说，今年3月牛肉的平均价格为每磅4.13美元；以及空后“If you skip the beef twice a week, you can instantly cut $30 to $40, if not more, off your grocery bill each month.”如果你每周两次不吃牛肉，你每月的食品消费就能立刻减少30到40美元，甚至更多。该空承上启下， E. The cost can add up quickly if you're eating beef three or four times per week. “如果你每周吃三到四次牛肉的话，花费会很快增加”符合语境，故选E。
19．根据空前“Fruits and vegetables are a great addition to your daily diet, but they can add a significant amount to your grocery bill, especially when you buy items out of season. ”水果和蔬菜是你日常饮食的重要组成部分，但它们也会给你的购物账单增加一大笔钱，尤其是当你买的东西不是当季的时候；以及空后“ If your favorite items are getting ready to go out of season, consider buying a little extra and freezing them.”如果你最喜欢的东西快要过时了，可以考虑多买一些冷冻起来。该空承上启下，F. As produce items go out of season, the become more expensive as the supply decreases.“随着农产品的淡季，随着供应的减少，农产品变得越来越贵”符合语境，故选F。
20．根据空后“However, there are ways to, stretch your dollar further without hurting your habits.”然而，有一些方法可以在不损害你习惯的前提下，让你的钱花得更多。该空引出下文， C. Shopping for groceries can be an expensive attempt. “购买食品杂货是一项昂贵的尝试”符合语境，与下句转折，故选C。
【答案】21．B；22．A；23．C；24．A；25．D；26．B；27．C；28．C；29．D；30．A；31．B；32．C；33．A；34．B；35．D
【知识点】记叙文；人物故事类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者努力战胜伤病的困扰，最终通过了体能测试，入选了2014年索契冬奥会代表队。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，连词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：索契冬奥会是第一次允许女子跳台滑雪运动员争夺金牌。A. convinced“使信服”；B. allowed“允许”；C. forced“强迫”；D. attracted“吸引”。根据语境可知，索契冬奥会是第一次允许女子跳台滑雪运动员争夺金牌。故选B。
22．句意：所以我非常想加入这支历史悠久的球队。A. place“地方”；B. model“模型”；C. bet“打赌”；D. advertisement“广告”。根据空后“on this historic team”可知，我希望加入这支历史悠久的球队，也就是想在这个球队里占一席之地，故选A。
23．句意：奥运会前5个月，在训练过程中，难以想象的疼痛折磨着我——我的右膝严重骨折。A. interest“兴趣”；B. excitement“兴奋”；C. pain“疼痛”；D. expectation“期待”。根据空后“my right knee was severely broken”可知，我被难以想象的疼痛折磨。故选C。
24．句意：躺在那里，一种绝望的感觉攫住了我，我以为我的梦已经结束了。A. seized“（感觉、疼痛）侵袭，控制”；B. helped“帮助”；C. comforted“安慰”；D. amused“逗乐”。根据空后“I thought my dream was all over”可知，我以为我的梦已经结束了，所以很绝望，因此是绝望的感觉控制了我。故选A。
25．句意：令我惊讶的是，我的医生告诉我，仍然有可能到达索契。A. fear“害怕”；B. anger“生气”；C. disappointment“失望”；D. surprise“惊讶”。根据空后“to make it to Sochi”可知，医生觉得我仍然可能参加冬奥会，因此这是让我惊讶的。故选D。
26．句意：令我惊讶的是，我的医生告诉我，仍然有可能到达索契。A. difficult“困难的”；B. possible“可能的”；C. important“重要的”；D. necessary“需要的”。根据语境可知，医生告诉我，仍然有可能到达索契。故选B。
27．句意：他说如果有人能及时恢复，那一定是我。A. unless“除非”；B. though“虽然”；C. if“如果”；D. since“自从”。根据空后“anyone could come back in time, it would be me”可知，此处表示“如果有人能及时恢复，那一定是我”，故选C。
28．句意：我把他的话记在心里，决定不让任何事情阻止我。A. test“测试”；B. refuse“拒绝”；C. stop“阻止”；D. blame“责备”。根据空前“I took his words to heart”可知，我把他的话记在心里，决定不让任何事情阻止我。故选C。
29．句意： 我的完全康复之路需要努力工作。A. competition“比赛”；B. challenge“挑战”；C. speed“速度”；D. recovery“康复”。根据空后“demanded hard work”可知，我的完全康复之路需要努力工作。故选D。
30．句意：我无法控制我的身体恢复得有多快，但我可以致力于锻炼和康复。A. control“控制”；B. explain“解释”；C. ignore“忽视”；D. accept“接受”。根据空后“how quickly my body healed”可知，我无法控制我的身体恢复得有多快。故选A。
31．句意：我无法控制我的身体恢复得有多快，但我可以致力于锻炼和康复。A. owe“欠”；B. devote“致力”；C. admit“承认”；D. commend“赞扬”。根据空后“myself to workouts and rehab”可知，我无法控制我的身体恢复得有多快，但我可以致力于锻炼和康复。故选B。
32．句意：我在健身房花了好几个小时。A. waited for“等候”；B. cut down“削减”；C. put in“放入”；D. brought in“引进”。根据空后“hours and hours at the gym”可知，我在健身房花了好几个小时。故选C。
33．句意：尽管满身是汗，但由于受伤，我不确定结果如何。A. unsure“不确定的”；B. hopeful“有希望的”；C. crazy“疯狂的”；D. curious“好奇的”。根据空后“due to my injury”可知，尽管满身是汗，但由于受伤，我不确定结果如何。故选A。
34．句意：然而，我全力投入，因为我知道我必须努力，这样我才有机会证明自己。A. degree“度，度数”；B. chance“机会”；C. value“价值”；D. choice“选择”。根据语境可知，我知道我必须努力，这样我才有机会证明自己。故选B。
35．句意：幸运的是，我的努力得到了回报。A. Constantly“不断地”；B. Occasionally“偶尔”；C. Definitely“肯定地”；D. Fortunately“幸运的是”。根据空后“my hard work paid off”可知，我的努力得到了回报，这是幸运的。故选D。
【答案】36．contributions；37．a；38．leaving；39．made；40．for；41．that/which；42．ruler；43．successfully；44．has been influenced；45．to spread
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，我们的祖先对世界文明的发展做出了巨大的贡献，作者介绍了哲学家、教育家孔子的一些重大贡献。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及非谓语动词，冠词，非谓语动词，时态，介词，定语从句，名词，副词，时态语态以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
36．句意：我们的民族为我们的祖先为世界文明的发展作出了许多巨大贡献而感到自豪。此处名词作宾语，many后接名词复数，故填 contributions 。
37．句意：最著名的哲学家之一是一个叫孔子的人。此处是泛指，应用不定冠词，故填 a 。
38．句意：他的父亲在他出生三年后去世，使这个家庭陷入贫困，但他接受了良好的教育。此处现在分词作结果状语，故填 leaving 。
39．句意：这位中国人是一位著名的哲学领袖，他对法律、生活和政府提出了许多明智的说法和理论。此处是谓语动词，根据 This Chinese man was a well-known leader in philosophy 的时态，可知应用一般过去时，故填 made 。
40．句意：孔子以他的哲学而闻名，因为他在中国古代说过许多智慧的话，帮助许多人了解自然、世界和人类行为。be famous for固定短语，“因为.....而出名”，故填for。
41．句意：孔子以他的哲学而闻名，因为他在中国古代说过许多智慧的话，帮助许多人了解自然、世界和人类行为。 helped many people learn about nature, the world, and the human behaviour是限制性定语从句，先行词是many wise sayings ，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词 that/which ，故填 that/which 。
42．句意：他还帮助政府和统治者，教他们如何成功统治他的王国。此处名词作宾语，指“统治者”，故填 ruler 。
43．句意：他还帮助政府和统治者，教他们如何成功统治他的王国。此处副词修饰动词 rule ，作状语，故填 successfully 。
44．句意：事实上，2000多年来，中国社会一直受到他的思想的影响。此处是谓语动词，与主语 Chinese society 是动宾关系，结合时间状语for more than 2,000 years，应用现在完成时，故填has been influenced 。
45．句意：他的思想在今天非常流行，以至于西方国家建立了许多孔子学校，将其传播给世界各地的人们。此处不定式作目的状语，故填 to spread 。
46．【答案】Dear Tom，
I am delighted to hear from you. You asked me in your last letter about the physical exercise in our school and here is something about it.
①To begin with, a new stadium has been built up, which has well-equipped facilities. Moreover, with the stadium set up, it is big enough to hold all the teachers and students in our school. ②A wide range of sports events are able to be held, of which ping-pong, football as well as running competetions enjoy great popularity. As for me, I'm crazy about basketball since it has been giving me strength to face the challenges in my life.
All in all, I sincerely invite you to come to our school an d see for yourself.
Yours，
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份回信 。写作背景： 你的美国朋友Tom来信询问你校学生的体育运动和身体锻炼情况。 写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）学校建立了新体育馆；2）主要的运动项目；3）你喜欢的项目及原因。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：I am delighted to hear from you. 运用了不定式作原因状语；You asked me in your last letter about the physical exercise in our school and here is something about it.运用了并列句，倒装句；To begin with, a new stadium has been built up, which has well-equipped facilities.运用了非限制性定语从句； Moreover, with the stadium set up, it is big enough to hold all the teachers and students in our school. 运用了with的复合结构；A wide range of sports events are able to be held, of which ping-pong, football as well as running competetions enjoy great popularity. 运用了非限制性定语从句；As for me, I'm crazy about basketball since it has been giving me strength to face the challenges in my life.运用了原因状语从句；All in all, I sincerely invite you to come to our school an d see for yourself.运用了祈使句。
47．【答案】 Alone on the long flight to Los Angeles, I was filled with doubts, as I had never lived with a strange family. How would I manage to live with people I had never met before What if the host family I didn't get along Would I fit in I needn't have worried. From the first moment at the airport where they had come to receive me, I knew things would be all right. Their smiles and their words of welcome as they greeted me felt like a warm embrace. I could not have found a kinder, more generous family than theirs.
The kindness of the host family and Ken gave me all the practical and emotional support I needed to train in a swimming club of California. During my stay there, it was the mother of my host family who drove me to and from the training center every day. She could cook delicious food and she knew how to comfort me while I was homesick. The training was hard, yet it was Ken who always showed me concern and encouraged me to keep going. My swimming performance improved slowly but steadily. From those kind people I have learned generosity, love, and kindness.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了作者在游泳比赛上认识了Ken，说服了作者的父母让作者去加利福尼亚训练一年。他甚至帮作者找了个寄宿家庭。作者一开始还很担忧，但是后来和寄宿家庭相处很愉快，游泳成绩逐步提高了。作者从他们身上学到了慷慨、爱和善良。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“独自一人在飞往洛杉矶的长途飞行中，我充满了疑虑，因为我从未与陌生的家庭生活在一起。”可知，第一段可描写作者内心的疑虑和不安，以及见到寄宿家庭后的感受。②由第二段首句内容“寄宿家庭和肯恩给了我在加州游泳俱乐部训练所需的所有实际和情感支持。”可知，第二段可描写作者在寄宿家庭的生活情况以及收获。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：How would I manage to live with people I had never met before 运用了限制性定语从句；From the first moment at the airport where they had come to receive me, I knew things would be all right. 运用了限制性定语从句，宾语从句 ；Their smiles and their words of welcome as they greeted me felt like a warm embrace. 运用了时间状语从句；During my stay there, it was the mother of my host family who drove me to and from the training center every day. 运用了强调句；She could cook delicious food and she knew how to comfort me while I was homesick. 运用了并列句，时间状语从句；The training was hard, yet it was Ken who always showed me concern and encouraged me to keep going.运用了转折并列句，强调句。
二一教育在线组卷平台（zujuan.21cnjy.com）自动生成 1 / 1登录二一教育在线组卷平台 助您教考全无忧
安徽省滁州市定远县2022-2023学年高二上学期第一次月考英语试题
一、阅读 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
（2022高二上·定远月考）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Annette Larkins is an incredible woman
who looks like a healthy 40-year-old, although she just turned 70. She follows
a special raw diet and only drinks rainwater.
She looks so young that people mistake
her for the daughter, when she's out with her husband of 54 years, but I
suppose he isn't complaining.
Mrs. Larkins says the secret to her
beauty lies in her special diet, consisting of organic vegetables, fruits,
seeds and nuts grown in her own garden; she calls it the "fountain
of youth". The woman doesn't touch anything that has been cooked.
And another strange thing she does is
to collect rainwater, to keep her garden blossoming, but also to drink. But the
resident of Miami-Dade County, Florida, didn't always have such a healthy
lifestyle. In fact, she consumed meat regularly, as her husband used to own a
meat factory way back in the 1960s. It was then that she decided to change her
eating habits forever. And what a great decision that was. I mean, just look at
her!
When she started off, Mrs. Larkins was
just looking for a few health benefits and never expected that she would look
like a 40-year-old at the age of 70. Over the 27 years, Mrs. Larkins has been
eating raw food, and she has written two booklets called Journey to Health and
also produce a DVD containing all her healthy secrets.
Her husband, Mr. Larkins, wishes he had
followed her example, because now he looks much, older and also suffers from
diabetes (糖尿病) and high blood
pressure. He takes prescription medicine every day, but Annette doesn't even
take an aspirin.
1．What does the underlined word "it" in paragraph 3 refer to
A．The organic food. B．Her beauty.
C．Specially cooked food. D．Her raw diet.
2．What did the woman do with her healthy secrets
A．She sold them to the local people.
B．She abandoned them at the age of
C．She publicized them in various ways.
D．She improved them with her husband's help.
3．What is the author's attitude towards Mrs. Larkins's lifestyle
A．Disapproving. B．Supportive
C．Sympathetic(同情的) D．Doubtful
【答案】1．D
2．C
3．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Mrs. Larkins利用健康的生活方式以及饮食习惯来让自己拥有一个健康的身体，另外，她还把自己的经验分享给大家，让更多的人拥有健康。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，代词指代和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
1．考查代词指代。根据第一段中的“She follows a special raw diet and only drinks rainwater. ”她吃特殊的生食，只喝雨水；以及第三段中“Mrs. Larkins says the secret to her beauty lies in her special diet, consisting of organic vegetables, fruits, seeds and nuts grown in her own garden; she calls it the ‘fountain of youth’. ”拉金斯夫人说她美丽的秘密在于她特殊的饮食，包括有机蔬菜，水果，种子和坚果，都是在她自己的花园里种植的；她称it为“青春之泉”可推知，代词“it”指的是上文所说她的生食饮食这一特殊习惯。故选D。
2．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“Over the 27 years that she has been eating raw, Mrs. Larkins has written two booklets railed Journey to Health and also produced a DVD containing all her healthy secrets．”在过去27年里，她一直吃生食，她写了两本《健康之旅》小册子，还制作了一张DVD，里面包含了她所有的健康秘诀。可知，拉金斯夫人用各种方式宣传自己的健康秘诀。故选C。
3．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Annette Larkins is an incredible woman who looks like a healthy 40-year-old, although she just turned 70.”安妮特·拉金斯是一个令人难以置信的女人，她看起来像一个健康的40岁的人，尽管她刚刚70岁；以及最后一段中的“He takes prescription medicine every day, but Annette doesn't even take an aspirin. ”他每天都吃处方药，但安妮特连一片阿司匹林都不吃。可推知，作者对拉金斯夫人生活方式推崇备至，是持支持态度。故选B。
（2022高二上·定远月考）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
British people work some of the longest
hours in Europe, but are among the least productive. Now some companies are
shortening the working week to increase efficiency, health and happiness.
Rich Leigh has introduced a four-day
week at his PR company. In fact, his company has Friday off, because his firm
has taken a four-day week. It is one of a handful of UK businesses that now
operate like this: workers still get paid the same as their five-day salary,
but they work a day less. The company found that they achieved just as much—and there were
even signs of growth. "The key to the scheme's success," Leigh says,
"is how happy our employees now are."
The average British worker takes only a
34 minute lunch break and works 10 hours overtime each week (more often than
not this is unpaid). Yet UK productivity falls seriously behind their European
neighbors, who tend to work fewer hours.
British working practices have caused
loss and damage to the nation's health and happiness. More than half a million
workers in the UK quit jobs with work-related stress or anxiety last year.
Moreover, the working conditions are changing. Automation (自动化) and AI will have
a significant impact on the labor market, where it's a struggle to have regular
work.
Britain is the only EU member that
allows workers to ignore the EU working time limit and work longer hours. Now
it is the time for a change. O'Grady, an advocate, argues that where businesses
have increased their profits as a result of automation, success should be
shared with workers in the form of reduced hours. "It's time to share the
benefits from new technology, not allowing those at the top to enjoy the
benefits by themselves." she says.
4．We can learn from the passage that ______.
A．British people are the least productive in the world
B．Most companies in Britain have performed a four-day week
C．PR company has seen a rise in employees' happiness
D．British people work longer and get more payment than other countries
5．Which is the proper description of British working practices
A．The working time of British workers is within the EU limit.
B．As to productivity, Britain is beaten by the United States.
C．Profits gained from new technology are on the decrease.
D．Automation and AI are likely to cause an irregular work market.
6．Which can be inferred from O' Grady's words in the last paragraph
A．It's time for employers to share the increased profits created by automation.
B．Workers should benefit from automation in the form of less working hours.
C．New technology should belong to both businesses and workers.
D．Businesses can't make more profits without new technology.
7．What is the author's purpose of writing the passage
A．To introduce some British firms' change to a four-day working week.
B．To explain the reasons why British workers suffer stress and anxiety.
C．To make a request for more reasonable working conditions.
D．To present the present productivity problem in Britain.
【答案】4．C
5．D
6．B
7．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；社会文化类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一些企业为了提高员工幸福感，一周工作四天。公关公司见证了员工幸福感的提升。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和写作意图三个题型的考查，是一篇社会类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
4．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Now some companies are shortening the working week to increase efficiency, health and happiness.”现在一些公司缩短每周工作时间，以提高效率，健康和快乐；以及第二段中的“The company found that they achieved just as much—and there were even signs of growth. ‘The key to the scheme's success,’ Leigh says, ‘is how happy our employees now are.’”该公司发现，他们取得了同样的成就，甚至有增长的迹象。“该计划成功的关键，”利说，“是我们的员工现在有多幸福。”可知，PR公司见证了员工幸福感的提升。故选C。
5．考查细节理解。根据第四段“Automation (自动化) and AI will have a significant impact on the labor market, where it's a struggle to have regular work.”自动化和人工智能将对劳动力市场产生重大影响，因为在劳动力市场，人们很难正常工作。可知，自动化和人工智能可能导致就业市场不稳定。故选D。
6．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“O'Grady, an advocate, argues that where businesses have increased their profits as a result of automation, success should be shared with workers in the form of reduced hours.”O'Grady，是一位倡导者，他认为地方企业受益于自动化增加利润，应该与员工以减少工作时间的形式共享这种利益。可推知，员工应该以过减少工作时间的方式，受益于自动化的机器的发展。故选B。
7．考查写作意图。根据第一段“British people work some of the longest hours in Europe, but are among the least productive. Now some companies are shortening the working week to increase efficiency, health and happiness.”英国人的工作时间在欧洲是最长的，但也是生产率最低的。现在一些公司正在缩短工作周以提高效率、健康和幸福感；以及第二段中的“Rich Leigh has introduced a four-day week at his PR company.”Rich Leigh在他的公关公司介绍了一周四天的工作制。可知，本文主要介绍了英国一些企业为了提高员工幸福感，一周工作四天。故选A。
（2022高二上·定远月考）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
When you walk on a sandy beach, it
takes more energy than walking down a sidewalk, because the weight of your body
pushes into the sand. It turns out that the same thing is true for vehicles
driving on roads.
"The weight of the vehicles
creates a very shallow indentation (凹陷) in the pavement, and it makes it such
that it's continuously driving up a very shallow hill," said Jeremy
Gregory, a scientist at MIT. He modeled with his teammates how much energy
could be saved, and greenhouse gases avoided, by simply hardening the nation's
roads and highways.
And they found that hardening 10
percent of the nation's roads every year could prevent emissions equal to 440
megatons of carbon dioxide over the next 5 decades—that amount is
equal to how much CO2 you'd spare the planet by keeping a billion barrels of
oil in the ground or by growing 7 billion trees for a decade. It reduces 0.5%
of projected transportation emissions over that time period.
As for how to harden roads, Gregory
says you could combine small amounts of certain fiber with high technology into
paving materials. Or you could pave with specially-made concrete, which is
harder than ordinary construction materials.
This system could also be a way to
shave carbon emissions without some of the usual barriers. "Usually, when
it comes to reducing emissions in the transportation department, you're talking
about changing policies related to vehicles and also driver behavior, which
involves millions and millions of people—as opposed to
changing the way we design and preserve our pavements. That's just on the order
of thousands of people who are working in transportation agencies." And
when it comes to improving our streets and highways, those agencies are where
you might say the rubber meets the road.
8．What's the main idea of Paragraph 3
A．It's valuable to harden roads.
B．It's necessary to reduce carbon dioxide.
C．We should harden roads to protect oil and trees.
D．We should take measures to prevent CO2 emissions.
9．According to Gregory, which could be the possible way to harden roads
A．Using regular building materials.
B．Creating hi-tech computer models.
C．Changing traditional paving materials.
D．Mixing fiber with special-made concrete.
10．Which of the following is one of the benefits of hardening roads
A．It profits transportation agencies.
B．It avoids involving too many people.
C．It offers people more job chances.
D．It creates new policies on vehicles.
11．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．How to Harden Roads.
B．Sandy Beaches or Sidewalks
C．Harden Roads to Save Energy.
D．Ways to Cut Down Carbon Emissions.
【答案】8．A
9．C
10．B
11．C
【知识点】主旨大意题；推理判断题；细节理解题；段落大意题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了坚硬的路面能节约能源，减少温室气体的排放。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断。段落大意和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
8．考查段落大意。根据第二段中的“He modeled with his teammates how much energy could be saved, and greenhouse gases avoided, by simply hardening the nation's roads and highways.”可知，Gregory和他的团队提出，通过把路面修的更加坚硬的方法，可以节约能源，减少温室气体的排放。接下来的第三段就是他们的具体实验结果，证明了坚硬的路面在节约能源方面的好处。故选A。
9．考查细节理解。根据第四段“As for how to harden roads, Gregory says you could combine small amounts of certain fiber with high technology into paving materials. Or you could pave with specially-made concrete, which is harder than ordinary construction materials.”至于如何硬化道路，格雷戈里说，你可以将少量的特定纤维与高科技结合成铺路材料。或者你也可以用特制的混凝土铺路，这比普通的建筑材料更硬。可知，让路面坚硬的方法有2个。一是可以把少量的特定的高科技纤维和铺路的材料混合起来；二是用比普通的建筑材料硬的特殊的混凝土铺路。故选C。
10．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“when it comes to reducing emissions in the transportation department, you're talking about changing policies related to vehicles and also driver behavior, which involves millions and millions of people——as opposed to changing the way we design and preserve our pavements.”说到交通部门的排放，你说的是改变与车辆和司机行为相关的政策，这涉及数百万人——而不是改变我们设计和保护人行道的方式。可知，传统的减少排放的方法就是改变机动车和司机们相关的政策，这牵涉到很多很多的人，跟改变设计和维护道路正好相反。可推知，坚硬道路不会牵涉很多人。故选B。
11．考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，介绍了坚硬的路面能节约能源，减少温室气体的排放。故选C。
（2022高二上·定远月考）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
The record heavy rainfall in Zhengzhou, capital of Henan province, which has seriously threatened dams and caused flood warnings for several rivers in the city, has left 12 people dead and forced about 100,000 to be displaced (转移), the provincial information office said on Wednesday.
The heavy rain across Henan, one of the most populated provinces with 94 million people, began on Saturday, with Zhengzhou being one of the hardest-hit areas. The severe rain in the city is expected to last until Wednesday night.
About 20.2 centimeters of rainfall hit Zhengzhou in just one hour since 4 pm on Tuesday, exceeding China's record for hourly rainfall in inland areas. Also, between 6 pm on Saturday and midnight Wednesday, five weather stations in the city logged record rainfall amounts while 61.7cm of rain had drenched (浸透) Zhengzhou—almost equal to the annual average of 64.1cm, the local meteorological bureau reported.
Around 6 pm Tuesday, floodwater rushed into a section of the tunnel of the city's subway line, trapping passengers inside in waist-high water. A total of 500 people had been evacuated (疏散), and 12 people died. All subways in the city have stopped running.
Meanwhile, Zhengzhou's flood control headquarters said on Wednesday that water storage at Guojiazui Reservoir was at "major risk" of dam failure. People in high risk areas have been warned and started to evacuate. The water levels of other dams in the city have also exceeded the flood warning level.
The Central Theater of People's Liberation Army said on Wednesday morning that it has sent more than 3,000 men and 80 sets of equipment to fight the floods and carry out rescue work in the city as its emergency response level for floods has been raised to level 1.
Other parts of Henan were also hit by heavy rain and record rainfall has been reported in several areas. At 3 am on Wednesday, the province's emergency response level for floods has also been raised to level 1 from level 2.
What's more, the water levels of 32 dams have breached (突破) the flood warning level. In the city of Luoyang, local authorities said the rainfall had caused a 20 meter breach in the Yihetan Dam, and that the dam "could fall down at any time".
12．How did the 12 people lose their lives
A．They were washed away by the floodwater near the subway.
B．Floodwater rushed into their houses and they were drowned.
C．Floodwater rushed into the tunnel of the city's subway line.
D．The buses were tapped in the floodwater and they couldn't get out.
13．What does the underlined word “exceeding” in Para.3 mean
A．Falling behind. B．Leading to.
C．Getting through. D．Going beyond.
14．When did the Central Theater of People's Liberation Amy send more than 3,000 men to Zhengzhou
A．When the water levels of 32 dams breached the flood warning level.
B．When its emergency response level for floods was raised to level 1.
C．After 20.2 centimeters of rainfall hit Zhengzhou in just one hour.
D．After all subways in Zhengzhou were affected by the floodwater.
15．What can be the best title for the news report
A．Record rainfall in Zhengzhou threatens dams.
B．People in Henan in high risk areas start to evacuate.
C．12 dead, 100,000 displaced after record rainfall in Henan.
D．Heavy rainfall causes flood warnings for rivers in Zhengzhou.
【答案】12．C
13．D
14．B
15．C
【知识点】主旨大意题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；新闻报道类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了河南省省会郑州创纪录的强降雨严重威胁了大坝，并对该市的几条河流发出了洪水警报，造成12人死亡，约10万人流离失所，中国人民解放军已派出3000多人和80多套设备在该市抗洪救灾。洪水应急级别已提升至一级。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
12．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“floodwater rushed into a section of the tunnel of the city's subway line, trapping passengers inside in waist-high water. A total of 500 people had been evacuated (疏散), and 12 people died”洪水冲进该市地铁线路的一段隧道，将乘客困在齐腰高的水中。总共有500人被疏散， 12人死亡。可知，12死亡是因为洪水冲进了市地铁线路的一段隧道。故选C。
13．考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“About 20.2 centimeters of rainfall hit Zhengzhou in just one hour since 4 pm on Tuesday”自周二下午4点以来，郑州仅在一小时内就下了约20.2厘米的雨；以及“China's record for hourly rainfall in inland areas”中国内陆地区小时降雨量记录，并结合该段内容可知，雨下的太大，降雨量超过了中国内陆地区小时降雨量记录，所以 exceeding 是“超过”的意思。故选D。
14．考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段“The Central Theater of People's Liberation Army said on Wednesday morning that it has sent more than 3,000 men and 80 sets of equipment to fight the floods and carry out rescue work in the city as its emergency response level for floods has been raised to level 1.”周三上午，中国人民解放军中央战区表示，已派出3000多人和80多套设备在该市抗洪救灾，因其洪水应急级别已提升至一级。可知，洪水应急级别提升至一级时，中国人民解放军中央战区派遣超过3000名士兵去救灾。故选B。
15．考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“The record heavy rainfall in Zhengzhou, capital of Henan province, which has seriously threatened dams and caused flood warnings for several rivers in the city, has left 12 people dead and forced about 100,000 to be displaced (转移)”河南省省会郑州创纪录的强降雨严重威胁了大坝，并对该市的几条河流发出了洪水警报，造成12人死亡，约10万人流离失所。可知，本篇新闻报道了河南省省会郑州创纪录的强降雨严重威胁了大坝，并对该市的几条河流发出了洪水警报，造成12人死亡，约10万人流离失所。“河南创纪录降雨量造成12人死亡，10万人流离失所”最适合作文章标题。故选C。
二、任务型阅读(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
（2022高二上·定远月考）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
If you want to save money on groceries following ways will help you cut $100 out of your monthly grocery bill without too much effort.
　16． 　 Convenience lets you save time for other things you need to get done. Pre-made items may save your time, but they cost a pretty penny. These items come in the form of packaged dinners or pre-cut produce. Instead of that plate of cut pineapple, buy the whole fruit or vegetable for a part of the cost.
Know what to buy in bulk (大批). Shopping at warehouse stores can be a great way to save money, but not every item is worth buying in bulk. 　17． 　
Skip the meat. The Bureau of Labor Statistics reports that the average cost of beef is $4.13 per pound this March. 　18． 　 If you skip the beef twice a week, you can instantly cut $30 to $40, if not more, off your grocery bill each month.
Know what to buy in season. Fruits and vegetables are a great addition to your daily diet, but they can add a significant amount to your grocery bill, especially when you buy items out of season. 　19． 　 If your favorite items are getting ready to go out of season, consider buying a little extra and freezing them.
　20． 　 However, there are ways to, stretch your dollar further without hurting your habits.
A. Store pre-made items. B. Skip the prepared items. C. Shopping for groceries can be an expensive attempt. D. Beef has seen a significant increase in price over the past few years. E. The cost can add up quickly if you're eating beef three or four times per week. F. As produce items go out of season, the become more expensive as the supply decreases. G. Certain items make sense to buy in large quantities as they typically have a longer shelf life.
【答案】16．B；17．G；18．E；19．F；20．C
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，论述了如果你想在日常用品上省钱，下面的方法可以帮你省下每月100美元的杂货费。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空后“Convenience lets you save time for other things you need to get done. Pre-made items may save your time, but they cost a pretty penny. These items come in the form of packaged dinners or pre-cut produce. Instead of that plate of cut pineapple, buy the whole fruit or vegetable for a part of the cost.”方便让你节省时间做其他需要做的事情。预制的物品可能会节省你的时间，但它们的成本相当高。这些物品以打包晚餐或预切产品的形式出现。与其吃那盘切好的菠萝，不如花一部分钱买整个水果或蔬菜。可知这一段主要讲了预先做好项目的弊端， B. Skip the prepared items. “跳过准备好的项目”概括本段，符合语境，故选B。
17．根据空前“Shopping at warehouse stores can be a great way to save money, but not every item is worth buying in bulk.”在仓储式商店购物是省钱的好方法，但并不是每件商品都值得批量购买。该空承接上文， G. Certain items make sense to buy in large quantities as they typically have a longer shelf life. “某些商品大批量购买是有意义的，因为它们通常有更长的货架期”符合语境，故选G。
18．根据空前“The Bureau of Labor Statistics reports that the average cost of beef is $ 4.13 per pound this March. ”美国劳工统计局报告说，今年3月牛肉的平均价格为每磅4.13美元；以及空后“If you skip the beef twice a week, you can instantly cut $30 to $40, if not more, off your grocery bill each month.”如果你每周两次不吃牛肉，你每月的食品消费就能立刻减少30到40美元，甚至更多。该空承上启下， E. The cost can add up quickly if you're eating beef three or four times per week. “如果你每周吃三到四次牛肉的话，花费会很快增加”符合语境，故选E。
19．根据空前“Fruits and vegetables are a great addition to your daily diet, but they can add a significant amount to your grocery bill, especially when you buy items out of season. ”水果和蔬菜是你日常饮食的重要组成部分，但它们也会给你的购物账单增加一大笔钱，尤其是当你买的东西不是当季的时候；以及空后“ If your favorite items are getting ready to go out of season, consider buying a little extra and freezing them.”如果你最喜欢的东西快要过时了，可以考虑多买一些冷冻起来。该空承上启下，F. As produce items go out of season, the become more expensive as the supply decreases.“随着农产品的淡季，随着供应的减少，农产品变得越来越贵”符合语境，故选F。
20．根据空后“However, there are ways to, stretch your dollar further without hurting your habits.”然而，有一些方法可以在不损害你习惯的前提下，让你的钱花得更多。该空引出下文， C. Shopping for groceries can be an expensive attempt. “购买食品杂货是一项昂贵的尝试”符合语境，与下句转折，故选C。
三、完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
（2022高二上·定远月考）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My Olympic dream began a few years
after I started ski jumping. The Sochi Games are the first time women ski
jumpers are 21． to compete for gold. Before that my
Olympic dream was just impossible. So I dearly wanted a(n) 22． on
this historic team. But first, I had to overcome the worst day of my life.
Five months before the Games, an
unimaginable amount of 23． overtook me during my training—my right knee was
severely broken. Lying there, a sense of despair 24． me,
and I thought my dream was all over.
To my 25． ,
my doctor told me that it was still 26． to make it to Sochi. He
said that 27． anyone could come back in time, it would
be me. I took his words to heart, and decided I wouldn't let anything 28． me.
The road to my full 29． demanded
hard work. I couldn't 30． how quickly my body healed, but I could 31． myself
to workouts and rehab (康复治疗). I 32． hours
and hours at the gym. Despite all the sweat, I was 33． about
the outcome due to my injury. However, I was all in because I knew that I had
to work hard so that I could have a 34． to prove myself.
35． , my hard work
paid off. I passed the strength tests and was named to the 2014 Sochi Olympic
team.
21．A．convinced B．allowed C．forced D．attracted
22．A．place B．model C．bet D．advertisement
23．A．interest B．excitement C．pain D．expectation
24．A．seized B．helped C．comforted D．amused
25．A．fear B．anger C．disappointment D．surprise
26．A．difficult B．possible C．important D．necessary
27．A．unless B．though C．if D．since
28．A．test B．refuse C．stop D．blame
29．A．competition B．challenge C．speed D．recovery
30．A．control B．explain C．ignore D．accept
31．A．owe B．devote C．admit D．commend
32．A．waited for B．cut
down C．put in D．brought in
33．A．unsure B．hopeful C．crazy D．curious
34．A．degree B．chance C．value D．choice
35．A．Constantly B．Occasionally C．Definitely D．Fortunately
【答案】21．B；22．A；23．C；24．A；25．D；26．B；27．C；28．C；29．D；30．A；31．B；32．C；33．A；34．B；35．D
【知识点】记叙文；人物故事类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者努力战胜伤病的困扰，最终通过了体能测试，入选了2014年索契冬奥会代表队。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，连词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：索契冬奥会是第一次允许女子跳台滑雪运动员争夺金牌。A. convinced“使信服”；B. allowed“允许”；C. forced“强迫”；D. attracted“吸引”。根据语境可知，索契冬奥会是第一次允许女子跳台滑雪运动员争夺金牌。故选B。
22．句意：所以我非常想加入这支历史悠久的球队。A. place“地方”；B. model“模型”；C. bet“打赌”；D. advertisement“广告”。根据空后“on this historic team”可知，我希望加入这支历史悠久的球队，也就是想在这个球队里占一席之地，故选A。
23．句意：奥运会前5个月，在训练过程中，难以想象的疼痛折磨着我——我的右膝严重骨折。A. interest“兴趣”；B. excitement“兴奋”；C. pain“疼痛”；D. expectation“期待”。根据空后“my right knee was severely broken”可知，我被难以想象的疼痛折磨。故选C。
24．句意：躺在那里，一种绝望的感觉攫住了我，我以为我的梦已经结束了。A. seized“（感觉、疼痛）侵袭，控制”；B. helped“帮助”；C. comforted“安慰”；D. amused“逗乐”。根据空后“I thought my dream was all over”可知，我以为我的梦已经结束了，所以很绝望，因此是绝望的感觉控制了我。故选A。
25．句意：令我惊讶的是，我的医生告诉我，仍然有可能到达索契。A. fear“害怕”；B. anger“生气”；C. disappointment“失望”；D. surprise“惊讶”。根据空后“to make it to Sochi”可知，医生觉得我仍然可能参加冬奥会，因此这是让我惊讶的。故选D。
26．句意：令我惊讶的是，我的医生告诉我，仍然有可能到达索契。A. difficult“困难的”；B. possible“可能的”；C. important“重要的”；D. necessary“需要的”。根据语境可知，医生告诉我，仍然有可能到达索契。故选B。
27．句意：他说如果有人能及时恢复，那一定是我。A. unless“除非”；B. though“虽然”；C. if“如果”；D. since“自从”。根据空后“anyone could come back in time, it would be me”可知，此处表示“如果有人能及时恢复，那一定是我”，故选C。
28．句意：我把他的话记在心里，决定不让任何事情阻止我。A. test“测试”；B. refuse“拒绝”；C. stop“阻止”；D. blame“责备”。根据空前“I took his words to heart”可知，我把他的话记在心里，决定不让任何事情阻止我。故选C。
29．句意： 我的完全康复之路需要努力工作。A. competition“比赛”；B. challenge“挑战”；C. speed“速度”；D. recovery“康复”。根据空后“demanded hard work”可知，我的完全康复之路需要努力工作。故选D。
30．句意：我无法控制我的身体恢复得有多快，但我可以致力于锻炼和康复。A. control“控制”；B. explain“解释”；C. ignore“忽视”；D. accept“接受”。根据空后“how quickly my body healed”可知，我无法控制我的身体恢复得有多快。故选A。
31．句意：我无法控制我的身体恢复得有多快，但我可以致力于锻炼和康复。A. owe“欠”；B. devote“致力”；C. admit“承认”；D. commend“赞扬”。根据空后“myself to workouts and rehab”可知，我无法控制我的身体恢复得有多快，但我可以致力于锻炼和康复。故选B。
32．句意：我在健身房花了好几个小时。A. waited for“等候”；B. cut down“削减”；C. put in“放入”；D. brought in“引进”。根据空后“hours and hours at the gym”可知，我在健身房花了好几个小时。故选C。
33．句意：尽管满身是汗，但由于受伤，我不确定结果如何。A. unsure“不确定的”；B. hopeful“有希望的”；C. crazy“疯狂的”；D. curious“好奇的”。根据空后“due to my injury”可知，尽管满身是汗，但由于受伤，我不确定结果如何。故选A。
34．句意：然而，我全力投入，因为我知道我必须努力，这样我才有机会证明自己。A. degree“度，度数”；B. chance“机会”；C. value“价值”；D. choice“选择”。根据语境可知，我知道我必须努力，这样我才有机会证明自己。故选B。
35．句意：幸运的是，我的努力得到了回报。A. Constantly“不断地”；B. Occasionally“偶尔”；C. Definitely“肯定地”；D. Fortunately“幸运的是”。根据空后“my hard work paid off”可知，我的努力得到了回报，这是幸运的。故选D。
四、语法填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
（2022高二上·定远月考）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Our nation is proud that our ancestors(祖先) made many great 　36． 　 (contribution) to the development of the world's civilizations. In ancient China, private teachers travelled from state to state explaining their philosophy. One of the most famous philosophers was 　37． 　 man named Confucius. His father died three years after he was born, 　38． 　 (leave) the family in poverty, but he received a fine education.
This Chinese man was a well-known leader in philosophy and he 　39． 　 (make) many wise phrases and theories about the law, life, and the government. Confucius is famous 　40． 　 his philosophy because he made many wise sayings in ancient China 　41． 　 helped many people learn about nature, the world, and the human behaviour. He also helped the government and the 　42． 　 (rule) by teaching them lessons on how the emperor should rule his kingdom 　43． 　 (successful). Actually, Chinese society 　44． 　 (influence) by his ideas for more than 2,000 years. And his thoughts are so popular today that many Confucius schools have been built in Western countries 　45． 　 (spread) them to people all over the world.
【答案】36．contributions；37．a；38．leaving；39．made；40．for；41．that/which；42．ruler；43．successfully；44．has been influenced；45．to spread
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，我们的祖先对世界文明的发展做出了巨大的贡献，作者介绍了哲学家、教育家孔子的一些重大贡献。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及非谓语动词，冠词，非谓语动词，时态，介词，定语从句，名词，副词，时态语态以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
36．句意：我们的民族为我们的祖先为世界文明的发展作出了许多巨大贡献而感到自豪。此处名词作宾语，many后接名词复数，故填 contributions 。
37．句意：最著名的哲学家之一是一个叫孔子的人。此处是泛指，应用不定冠词，故填 a 。
38．句意：他的父亲在他出生三年后去世，使这个家庭陷入贫困，但他接受了良好的教育。此处现在分词作结果状语，故填 leaving 。
39．句意：这位中国人是一位著名的哲学领袖，他对法律、生活和政府提出了许多明智的说法和理论。此处是谓语动词，根据 This Chinese man was a well-known leader in philosophy 的时态，可知应用一般过去时，故填 made 。
40．句意：孔子以他的哲学而闻名，因为他在中国古代说过许多智慧的话，帮助许多人了解自然、世界和人类行为。be famous for固定短语，“因为.....而出名”，故填for。
41．句意：孔子以他的哲学而闻名，因为他在中国古代说过许多智慧的话，帮助许多人了解自然、世界和人类行为。 helped many people learn about nature, the world, and the human behaviour是限制性定语从句，先行词是many wise sayings ，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词 that/which ，故填 that/which 。
42．句意：他还帮助政府和统治者，教他们如何成功统治他的王国。此处名词作宾语，指“统治者”，故填 ruler 。
43．句意：他还帮助政府和统治者，教他们如何成功统治他的王国。此处副词修饰动词 rule ，作状语，故填 successfully 。
44．句意：事实上，2000多年来，中国社会一直受到他的思想的影响。此处是谓语动词，与主语 Chinese society 是动宾关系，结合时间状语for more than 2,000 years，应用现在完成时，故填has been influenced 。
45．句意：他的思想在今天非常流行，以至于西方国家建立了许多孔子学校，将其传播给世界各地的人们。此处不定式作目的状语，故填 to spread 。
五、写作(满分40分)
46．（2022高二上·定远月考）假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Tom来信询问你校学生的体育运动和身体锻炼情况。请给他回信，内容包括：
1）学校建立了新体育馆；
2）主要的运动项目；
3）你喜欢的项目及原因。
注意：
1）词数80左右；
2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Tom，
Yours，
Li hua
【答案】Dear Tom，
I am delighted to hear from you. You asked me in your last letter about the physical exercise in our school and here is something about it.
①To begin with, a new stadium has been built up, which has well-equipped facilities. Moreover, with the stadium set up, it is big enough to hold all the teachers and students in our school. ②A wide range of sports events are able to be held, of which ping-pong, football as well as running competetions enjoy great popularity. As for me, I'm crazy about basketball since it has been giving me strength to face the challenges in my life.
All in all, I sincerely invite you to come to our school an d see for yourself.
Yours，
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份回信 。写作背景： 你的美国朋友Tom来信询问你校学生的体育运动和身体锻炼情况。 写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）学校建立了新体育馆；2）主要的运动项目；3）你喜欢的项目及原因。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：I am delighted to hear from you. 运用了不定式作原因状语；You asked me in your last letter about the physical exercise in our school and here is something about it.运用了并列句，倒装句；To begin with, a new stadium has been built up, which has well-equipped facilities.运用了非限制性定语从句； Moreover, with the stadium set up, it is big enough to hold all the teachers and students in our school. 运用了with的复合结构；A wide range of sports events are able to be held, of which ping-pong, football as well as running competetions enjoy great popularity. 运用了非限制性定语从句；As for me, I'm crazy about basketball since it has been giving me strength to face the challenges in my life.运用了原因状语从句；All in all, I sincerely invite you to come to our school an d see for yourself.运用了祈使句。
47．（2022高二上·定远月考）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The last race of the day was over. My
breathing gradually stilled along with the ripples in the pool, but I stayed in
the water, watching sadly as the winners gathered for the medals ceremony.
"Don't look so sad," I heard
a voice say behind me. I turned around to see a tall, blond, blue-eyed man
standing on the edge of the pool. "You came in fourth, but you are the
best in your country." he said smiling. "I'm Ken Schafer, and
you "
"Rima Datta."
"And how old are you, Rima "
"Fourteen, Sir" I replied
lifting myself out of the water. Ken was a swimming coach from California and
asked me about my life as a swimmer until then.
My eldest brother, Anil, had taught me
how to swim, but I had no real training until I was nine when a coach from the
National Institute of Sports came for just three months a year to train the
boys at Mayo College, where our father taught. She set aside a couple of hours
a week for the daughters of the staff. It was she who had corrected my mistakes
and encouraged me to take part in competitions.
Surprised to hear how little steady
training I had had, Ken introduced me to the National Institute of Sports in
Patiala to be trained in this summer. The train was hard, and I felt quite
lonely away from my parents and all that was familiar. But it was Ken, with his
tireless enthusiasm, his passion for swimming, and his faith in me that kept me
focused.
I won my first gold medal at the
national championship that year, a fact that filled me with immense joy and Ken
with a sense of satisfaction that his work with me was paying off. Yet he
realized that what I really needed was a team to train with and steady coaching
year-round.
Then he persuaded my parents to allow
me to go to California and train there for a year. He even helped find out a
host family for me.
注意：
1）续写词数应为150左右；
2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
Alone on the long
flight to Los Angeles, I was filled with doubts, as I had never lived with a
strange family.
Paragraph 2:
The kindness of
the host family and Ken gave me all the practical and emotional support I
needed to train in a swimming club of California.
【答案】 Alone on the long flight to Los Angeles, I was filled with doubts, as I had never lived with a strange family. How would I manage to live with people I had never met before What if the host family I didn't get along Would I fit in I needn't have worried. From the first moment at the airport where they had come to receive me, I knew things would be all right. Their smiles and their words of welcome as they greeted me felt like a warm embrace. I could not have found a kinder, more generous family than theirs.
The kindness of the host family and Ken gave me all the practical and emotional support I needed to train in a swimming club of California. During my stay there, it was the mother of my host family who drove me to and from the training center every day. She could cook delicious food and she knew how to comfort me while I was homesick. The training was hard, yet it was Ken who always showed me concern and encouraged me to keep going. My swimming performance improved slowly but steadily. From those kind people I have learned generosity, love, and kindness.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了作者在游泳比赛上认识了Ken，说服了作者的父母让作者去加利福尼亚训练一年。他甚至帮作者找了个寄宿家庭。作者一开始还很担忧，但是后来和寄宿家庭相处很愉快，游泳成绩逐步提高了。作者从他们身上学到了慷慨、爱和善良。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“独自一人在飞往洛杉矶的长途飞行中，我充满了疑虑，因为我从未与陌生的家庭生活在一起。”可知，第一段可描写作者内心的疑虑和不安，以及见到寄宿家庭后的感受。②由第二段首句内容“寄宿家庭和肯恩给了我在加州游泳俱乐部训练所需的所有实际和情感支持。”可知，第二段可描写作者在寄宿家庭的生活情况以及收获。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：How would I manage to live with people I had never met before 运用了限制性定语从句；From the first moment at the airport where they had come to receive me, I knew things would be all right. 运用了限制性定语从句，宾语从句 ；Their smiles and their words of welcome as they greeted me felt like a warm embrace. 运用了时间状语从句；During my stay there, it was the mother of my host family who drove me to and from the training center every day. 运用了强调句；She could cook delicious food and she knew how to comfort me while I was homesick. 运用了并列句，时间状语从句；The training was hard, yet it was Ken who always showed me concern and encouraged me to keep going.运用了转折并列句，强调句。
二一教育在线组卷平台（zujuan.21cnjy.com）自动生成 1 / 1

展开更多......

收起↑