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高考题型突破
题型三　完形填空
题组2 其他语篇类型
Cloze 13[夹叙夹议文][积极的生活态度]
主题 考点分布 词数 建议时间
动 名 形 副 介 连 代
鼓励 6 5 2 1 0 1 0 207 12分钟
　　I remember my high school English teacher telling me not to apply to Cornell University. My teacher said they wouldn’t accept me and even if they did I wouldn’t be able to 　1　 it through the years. I almost 　2　 but a few days later I came across Ivan Foldfarb, a former teacher, who told me 　3　, "You apply. You can do it." His words made all the 　4　. I put in my application and was 　5　.
　　Too often we think it’s our　6　 to help make someone aware of "reality". We think we must point out how 　7__　 the job market is as well as how bad the economy is. This world never lacks "　8　" and pessimists. It calls for more optimists and encouragers who say, "I believe in you. Have the 　9　, and you will have the power to make it happen. We may 　10　 lots of barriers, but we’ll get the project finished. Even if you fail, it’ll lead to something more 　11　." I know that every one of us loves working for and with people who 　12　 the best in us. We love being around people who bring us 　13　 and uplift us. 　14　 we’ll always remember the negative people, we will always treasure those who encourage us.
So share encouragement. It　15　 and we all need it.
1.A. get B. make C. believe D. catch
2.A. stood by B. pulled through C. drew back D. turned away
3.A. honestly B. proudly C. firmly D. delightedly
4.A. sense B. excuses C. messes D. difference
5.A. permitted B. admitted C. assisted D. approached
6.A. responsibility B. fault C. honour D. schedule
7.A. considerable B. stable C. promising D. crowded
8.A. speakers B. realists C. supporters D. guides
9.A. fondness B. effect C. optimism D. desire
10.A. overcome B. ignore C. create D. meet
11.A. worthwhile B. influential C. uncommon D. complex
12.A. bring up B. bring out C. bring in D. bring down
13.A. challenge B. opportunity C. comfort D. pleasure
14.A. When B. If C. While D. Unless　
15.A. spreads B. progresses C. matters D. cares
Cloze 14[说明文][科技创新]
主题 考点分布 词数 建议时间
动 名 形 副 介 连 代
2020年的Rube Goldberg比赛 6 4 2 2 1 0 0 212 12分钟
　　Every year, the Rube Goldberg competition considers inventions made from everyday items. They use complex systems to carry out a 　1　 task, like opening an umbrella or watering a plant. The task for 2020 was supposed to be "turn on a light". 　2　, when a pandemic(流行病) happened, it was changed to "drop a piece of 　3　 into someone’s hand".Most of those taking part in the competition are 　4　. In past years, they built the machines　 5　 and on teams at school. But with schools closing to slow the spread of the virus, organizers 　6　 the rules. This year, competitors were 　7　 to send in videos of the machines to compete. And the team can include family members. One thing 　8　: The machine still must complete the task in 10 to 20 steps.
One of the impressive 　9　 was from Maryland. 11-year-old Caitlin and her 13-year-old brother Ben firstly designed their machine. After six hours and 106 　10　 — the soap finally dropped right into Caitlin’s waiting hands — they 　11　 it. In the video submitted, they 　12　 the process.
Health experts say washing hands　 13　 is an important protection against diseases. Kids may be 　14　 if they’re thinking about a deadly virus each time they wash their hands. So, a fun competition may help to 　15　 good feelings about a task they must do over and over again.
1.A. challenging B. simple C. casual D. special
2.A. Therefore B. Instead C. Moreover D. However
3.A. bread B. soap C. news D. advice
4.A. volunteers B. families C. children D. professionals
5.A. in person B. in private C. in advance D. in theory
6.A. observed B. abandoned C. broke D. adjusted
7.A. recommended B. forced C. required D. preferred
8.A. changed B. improved C. remained D. appeared
9.A. images B. entries C. themes D. choices
10.A. attempts B. projects C. decisions D. models
11.A. got B. made C. took D. beat
12.A. evaluated B. monitored C. reviewed D. demonstrated
13.A. repeatedly B. immediately C. occasionally D. slowly
14.A. amused B. astonished C. afraid D. annoyed
15.A. remember B. understand C. expect D. create
Cloze 15[议论文][传递正确价值取向]
主题 考点分布 词数 建议时间
动 名 形 副 介 连 代
家庭传统 7 5 2 1 0 0 0 191 12分钟
　　A family tradition is recreated year after year. It adds to the family 　1　, making every family more distinctive. The tradition in my family is 　2　 in my mother’s kitchen to make various desserts for the New Year. It’s a good time with much joy.
Family traditions 　3　 family and personal well-being. Families sharing in their traditions provide security for their members, especially children. Children love 　4　 and consistency; a family tradition provides this. Moreover, it gives them something to 　5　. With traditions that are celebrated year after year, family 　6　 are created and strengthened.
Of course it’s 　7　 to make some changes in the traditions to 　8　 the family’s needs. In recent years my family has added time to make 　9　 with our relatives who work overseas, for their jobs 　10　 their reunion with us. This gives us all a chance to stay 　11　 as a family, even if we can’t be together for the holiday 　12　.
Family traditions don’t have to be formal, or to be fancy. What 　13　 is that you have something for all family members to expect each year. Traditions help create warm, positive 　14　 that can be recalled fondly and 　15__　 family members back to one another year after year.
1.A. relationship B. value C. identity D. belonging
2.A. waiting B. gathering C. playing D. eating
3.A. witness B. promote C. measure D. confirm
4.A. difference B. routine C. adventure D. challenge
5.A. look forward to B. face up to C. come up with D. step back from
6.A. communications B. achievements C. bonds D. celebrations
7.A. effective B. impossible C. simple D. reasonable
8.A. suit B. recognize C. stress D. feel
9.A. video calls B. online posts C. foreign travels D. family dinners
10.A. enable B. disappoint C. gain D. block
11.A. energetic B. connected C. optimistic D. determined
12.A. gradually B. originally C. physically D. occasionally
13.A. occurs B. counts C. varies D. remains
14.A. attitudes B. expressions C. memories D. impressions
15.A. pay B. give C. demand D. draw
答 案
题型三　完形填空
【答案速查】
Cloze 13　BCCDB　ADBDD　ABDCC
Cloze 14　BDBCA　DCCBA　BDACD
Cloze 15　CBBBA　CDAAD　BCBCD
题组2　其他语篇类型
Cloze 13
作者以自己申请读康奈尔大学的经历告诉我们,当有人说我们不行时,我们需要有人告诉我们"你能行",我们需要鼓励,也应该积极地鼓励他人。
【词语积累】　draw back后退,退缩　 admit v.接收(入学);承认;招供
1.B　 根据上文中的"My teacher said they wouldn’t accept me"可知,作者的老师认为就算这所大学录取了作者,作者也无法成功毕业。make it表示"获得成功",符合语境。get it"明白";catch it"受罚,受斥责"。
2.C　由上文可知,英语老师的话让作者感到灰心,以至于作者几乎要放弃。draw back"退缩"符合语境。stand by"袖手旁观";pull through"完成,做成(十分困难的事)"。
3.C　根据下文中的"You apply. You can do it" "I put in my application"可知, 作者以前的老师坚定地 (firmly)说了这些话。
4.D　下文提到作者最终还是提出了大学申请,由此可知,这位老师的话对作者影响很大。make all the difference"关系重大,大不相同"。
5.B　根据语境可知,作者成功被录取(admitted)了。permit"允许";assist"帮助";approach"接近"。
6.A　此处表示我们经常认为自己有责任(responsibility)帮助别人认识现实。
7.D　根据空后的"as well as how bad the economy is"可知,经济不好,就业市场也不容乐观。crowded"拥挤的"形象地描述了就业市场竞争的激烈。considerable"相当多的,相当大的";stable"稳定的";promising"有希望的"。
8.B　根据上文中的"reality"和空后的"and pessimists. It calls for more optimists and encouragers"可知,这个世界从不缺少"现实主义者(realists)"和悲观主义者。
9.D　 此处是鼓励者说的话,再结合后面的"have the power to make it happen"可知,desire"愿望,渴望"符合语境。
10.D　根据空后的"but we’ll get the project finished"可知,此处表示我们可能会遇到(meet)很多阻碍。
11.A　根据"Even if you fail"可知,此处表示就算你失败了,你也能得到更有价值的东西。worthwhile"值得的"。
12.B　此处表示能够激发出我们最好的一面的人。bring out"使显现",符合语境。
13.D　我们喜欢和那些能够让我们开心和振奋的人在一起。pleasure"快乐,开心",与空后的"uplift"语意范畴一致。
14.C　尽管我们总会记得那些消极的人,但是我们也总会珍视鼓励我们的人。while"虽然,尽管",表让步,用于句首。
15.C　根据下文中的"and we all need it"可知,此处表示鼓励很重要。matter"重要,要紧",符合语境。
Cloze 14
每年,Rube Goldberg比赛的发明都由日常用品制作而成,这些发明使用复杂的系统来完成简单的任务。2020年比赛的主题让孩子们的洗手过程充满乐趣。
【熟词生义】　entry常见义:n.进入　本文义:n.参赛作品
1.B　根据下文的"like opening an umbrella or watering a plant"可知,此处表示这些发明用复杂的系统来完成简单的(simple)任务,比如打开雨伞或者浇灌植物。
2.D　2020年Rube Goldberg比赛的任务原本是"turn on a light",但是由于流行病的出现,比赛任务改变了。前后句子之间是转折关系,故选However"然而,但是"。
3.B　根据下文的"the soap finally dropped right into Caitlin’s waiting hands"可知,2020年比赛的任务改成了"让一块肥皂(soap)落在某人的手中"。
4.C　根据下文的"at school""11-year-old Caitlin and her 13-year-old brother Ben"可知,参赛者大多是孩子(children)。
5.A　根据下文的"But with schools closing... to send in videos of the machines to compete"可知,比赛规则发生改变,之前必须本人到学校制作机器。in person"亲自,本人";in private"私下地";in advance"提前";in theory"理论上,从理论上来说"。
6.D　根据上文的"to slow the spread of the virus"以及下文的"In the video submitted"可知,组织者调整了(adjusted)比赛规则。
7.C　根据语境可知,此处表示今年,参赛者被要求发送机器的视频来参赛。require"要求,规定"。
8.C　根据上文的"They use complex systems...watering a plant"和下文的"The machine still must complete the task in 10 to 20 steps"可知,此处表示有一项规则继续存在(即保持不变)。remain"仍然存在,继续存在"。
9.B　根据下文讲到的兄妹俩制作自己的机器可知,此处表示令人赞叹的参赛作品,entry在该句中意为"参赛作品"。
10.A　根据上文的"After six hours and 106"和下文的"the soap finally dropped right into Caitlin’s waiting hands"并结合选项可知,在历经6个小时,106次尝试后,他们成功了,肥皂最终恰好落到了Caitlin的手中。attempt"(为超越某事物的)尝试,努力"。
11.B　参见上题解析。get it"了解,明白";make it"获得成功";take it"假定,以为";beat it"立即走开"。
12.D　根据语境可知,他们在提交的视频中展示机器工作的过程。demonstrate"示范,演示,展示"。
13.A　根据下文的"an important protection against diseases""they must do over and over again"可知,健康专家说反复洗手可以预防疾病。repeatedly"一再,多次,反复地"。
14.C　根据常识和空后的"they’re thinking about a deadly virus each time they wash their hands"可知,如孩子们每次洗手都会想到致命的病毒就可能感到害怕(afraid)。
15.D　此处表示有趣的比赛可能让孩子们对他们必须反复做的事(即洗手)有好的感受。create"造成,引起,产生(感觉或印象)"。
Cloze 15
本文论述了家庭传统的重要性及其对家庭成员的影响。
【熟词生义】　1.fancy常见义:v.爱慕;想要　本文义:adj.异常复杂的,太花哨的
2.count常见义:n.数数;总数 v.计算总数;数数　本文义:v.重要
1.C　根据空后的"making every family more distinctive"可知,家庭传统增添了家庭特性,使每个家庭更独特。identity"(区别人或群体的)特性"。
2.B　根据下文的"to make various desserts for the New Year"可知,作者家的传统是每年聚集(gathering)在母亲的厨房中做各种新年甜品。
3.B　根据下文的"Families sharing in their traditions provide security""With traditions that are celebrated year after year, family 　6　 are created and strengthened"可知,家庭传统提升(promote)家庭和个人的幸福感。
4.B　根据上文的"provide security"和下文的"and consistency"可知,孩子们喜欢常规和稳定(这给他们一种安全感)。routine"常规,正常顺序"与security"安全,平安"和consistency"一致性,连贯性"语意范畴一致。
5.A　根据下文的"you have something for all family members to expect each year"可知,家庭传统也让孩子们有所期待。look forward to"期待,期盼";face up to"敢于面对,勇于正视";come up with"想出,提出(主意、答案等)";step back from"跳出(某事物的)圈子看问题"。
6.C　根据语境和下文的"are created and strengthened"可知,庆祝家庭传统有助于建立和增强家庭纽带。bond"纽带,联系,契合,关系"。
7.D　根据下文的"has added time to make 　9　 with our relatives who work overseas"可知,对家庭传统做一些改变来满足家人的需要也是合乎情理的。reasonable"有道理的,合情理的"。
8.A　参见上题解析。suit"对(某人)方便,满足(某人)需要,合(某人)心意";recognize"认识,辨认出"。
9.A　结合常识以及空后的"with our relatives who work overseas"可知,此处表示与远在海外工作的亲戚进行视频通话(video calls)。
10.D　结合下文的"their reunion with us""we can’t be together"可知,这些远在海外的亲戚的工作使得他们不能回来与作者一家团聚。block"阻止,阻碍"符合语境。
11.B　增加视频通话的时间给了作者一家保持联系的机会。energetic"精力充沛的,充满活力的";connected"有联系的,连接的,相连的";optimistic"乐观的";determined"坚定的"。
12.C　由于那些亲戚远在海外,他们不能和作者一家面对面团聚。physically"身体上地",在此可引申为"面对面"。
13.B　重要的是你有让家庭成员每年都期待的事情(即一同庆祝家庭传统)。count表示"重要",符合语境。
14.C　根据下文的"that can be recalled fondly"可知,家庭传统帮助创造温暖积极的回忆(memories)。
15.D　根据语境可知,家庭传统带来很多美好的回忆,吸引着家庭成员年复一年回来团聚。draw"吸引"。

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