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上海市金山区
2020-2022届（三年）高三一模英语试题分类汇编
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上海市金山区2022届高三一模英语试卷
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
（A）
Why do old people dislike new music As I’ve grown older, I often hear people my age say they just don’t make good music like they used to. Why does this happen Luckily, psychology can give us some insights into this puzzle. Musical tastes begin to become clear as early as age 13 or 14. By the time we’re in our early 20s, these tastes get locked into place pretty firmly.
In fact, studies have found that by the time we turn 33, most of us have stopped listening to new music. Meanwhile, popular songs released when you’re in your early teens are likely to remain quite popular among your age group for the rest of your life.
There could be a biological explanation for this, as there’s evidence that the brain’s ability to make subtle distinctions between different chords, rhythms, and melodies weakens with age. So to older people, newer, less familiar songs might all “sound the same.”
But there are maybe some simpler reasons for older people’s dislike to newer music. One of the most researched laws of social psychology is something called the “mere exposure effect”, which in essence means that the more we’re exposed to something, the more we tend to like it.
This happens with people we know, the advertisements we see and, the songs we listen to. When you’re in your early teens, you probably spend a fair amount of time listening to music or watching music videos. Your favorite songs and artists become familiar, comforting parts of your routine.
For many people over 30, job and family obligations increase, so there’s less time to spend discovering new music. Instead, many will simply listen to old, familiar favorites from that period of their lives when they had more free time.
Psychology research has shown that the emotions that we experience as teens seem more intense than those that come later. And we also know that intense emotions are associated with stronger memories and preferences. Both of these might explain why the songs we listen to during this period become so memorable and beloved.
So there’s nothing wrong with your parents because they don’t like your music. Rather it’s all part of the natural order of things.
56. What have studies found about most people by the time they turn 33
A. They no longer listen to new music.
B. They find all music sounds the same.
C. They can make subtle distinctions about music.
D. They seldom listen to songs released in their teens.
57. Which of the following situations agrees with the “mere exposure effect”
A. Tom likes the book, so he reads it more times.
B. Andy recites the words repeatedly and he is fed up with them.
C. Mike often listens to the same song and becomes more and more interested in it.
D. Peter goes to school by bike every day, and therefore his riding skills are better and better.
58. What conclusion can we draw according to the psychology research
A. Teenagers are much more sensitive. B. Teenagers are much more emotional.
C. Teenagers’ preferences are more lasting. D. Teenagers’ emotions are more intense.
59. What is mainly discussed in this passage
A. Quality issues of new music. B. Older people’s dislike of new music.
C. Older people’s changing musical tastes. D. Insights into the features of good music.
（B）
Whether you’re looking to learn more about sustainability or imagine yourself as a media big man at the head of a world-famous magazine, here are several books worth popping on your Good Reads list.
The Conscious Closet by Elizabeth L. Cline As the pressure to save the planet increases, it’s important to turn the conversation to our closet（衣帽间）. Stockpiling endless printed books on sustainability seems somewhat unwise, but The Conscious Closet is easily the best of the lot. It exposes the true cost of fast fashion and encourages the reader to think twice about unwise purchasing, drawing deeply on Cline’s own experiences.
How To Dress: Secret Styling Tips From A Fashion Insider by Alexandra Fullerton Former fashion editor at Stylist magazine, Alexandra Fullerton certainly knows something about getting dressed. Illustrated beautifully, this book allows you to dip easily in and out of her easy-to-follow advice, helping you carve out a signature style, shop more effectively and even wash and store your clothes to maximize their full potential.
The New Fashion Rules by Victoria Magrath One of the UK’s most successful fashion bloggers, Victoria McGrath has used her platform to demonstrate the growing value of influencer culture on fashion and new media. Her friendly, accessible tone is backed up with some serious knowledge — her PhD in fashion marketing allows her to explore how far fashion has come in recent decades, discussing many things including virtual reality shopping while offering up a brief tour of fashion’s 21st century history.
Advanced Love by Ari Seth Cohen The photographic blog series that made stars of Iris Apfel and Linda Rodin, the Advanced Style brand has grown over the past decade, demonstrating that real beauty is truly ageless. His third and most recent book, Advanced Love sees Ari Seth Cohen picturing couples from all walks of life, making a statement about our dismissal of romance within the 0ver-40 age set. The perfect festive gift for your special other-half, or a treat-to-self as a constant reminder that love never goes out of style.
60. Which is the most suitable book for a new graduate ignorant of fashion
A. Advanced Love B. The Conscious Closet
C. The New Fashion Rules D. How To Dress: Secret Styling Tips From A Fashion Inside
61. From ______’s book, we can know something about the development of fashion.
A. Elizabeth L. Cline B. Alexandra Fullerton C. Victoria Magrath D. Ari Seth Cohen
62. What do the books have in common
A. They are targeted on young ladies.
B. The authors advise us against unreasonable purchasing.
C. They are all good books about secrets of the fashion world.
D. The writers are all bloggers giving practical advice on how to get well dressed.
（C）
Is that “empathy”（移情） or “sympathy” you’re showing While the two words are often incorrectly used interchangeably, the difference in their emotional impact is important.
Empathy, literally “walk a mile in others’ shoes”, goes beyond sympathy, a simple expression of concern for another person’s misfortune. Empathy requires the ability to recognize the suffering of another person from their point of view and to openly share their emotions, including painful distress. Since it requires shared experiences, people can generally feel empathy only for other people, not for animals. While people may be able to sympathize with a horse, for example, they cannot truly empathize with it.
Sympathy is a feeling and expression of concern for someone, often accompanied by a wish for them to be happier or better off. “Oh dear, I hope the new plan can really work.” In general, sympathy implies a deeper, more personal, level of concern than pity, a simple expression of sorrow. However, unlike empathy, sympathy does not imply that one’s feelings for another are based on shared experiences or emotions.
Psychologists say that empathy is essential in forming relationships and acting toward others. Since it involves experiencing another person’s point of view — stepping outside one’s self —empathy enables genuinely helping behaviors that come easily and naturally, rather than having to be forced.
Empathetic people work effectively in groups, make more lasting friendships, and are more likely to step in when they see others being mistreated. It is believed that people begin to show empathy in infancy and develop the quality through childhood and adolescence. Despite their level of concern for others, however, most people tend to feel deeper empathy for people similar to themselves compared to people outside their family, community, race, or cultural background.
However, taken to extremes, deep or extended feelings of empathy can actually be harmful to one’s emotional health. Empathy can make people angry — perhaps dangerously so — if they mistakenly perceive that another person is threatening a person they care for.
For years, psychologists have reported cases of too empathetic patients endangering the well-being of themselves and their families by giving away their life savings to random needy individuals. Such too empathetic people who feel they are somehow responsible for the distress of others have developed an empathy-based guilt.
63. What does the phrase “walk a mile in others’ shoes” in Paragraph 2 mean
A. Put oneself in others’ situation.
B. Walk a long distance in others’ shoes.
C. Accompany others in the long jogging.
D. Walk with others to share their experiences.
64. How do you understand the level of concern according to Paragraph 2 and Paragraph 3
A. Pity = sympathy. B. Sympathy = empathy.
C. Pity < sympathy. D. Sympathy > empathy.
65. Which of the following statements about empathy is true
A. Empathy is a feeling that exists between human beings and animals.
B. Empathy is essential to form relationship, so the deeper, the better.
C. Empathy is to just express sadness to other without shared experiences.
D. People are more likely to show empathy to those who have something in common.
66. What is the best title of the passage
A. Empathy, Good or Bad B. Two Important Human Feelings.
C. Empathy vs. Sympathy. D. Empathy, A Must in Relationship.
上海市金山区2021届高三一模英语试卷
(A)
One rainy afternoon, I was on a crosstown bus when a young woman jumped on. She had a child with her who must have been about 3 or 4 years old.
The bus was full, bumpy, and it soon got noisy as her kid began crying because he couldn’t sit next to his mother. There were a couple of open seats, but they weren’t together. She was flustered and looked embarrassed.
Then another woman, a little older, stood up and moved so that the mother and child could sit together. The mom smiled as a thank-you. And then three words came out of the older woman’s mouth that elevated the entire energy of that bus ride: “I’ve been there”.
Simple, undramatic and honest. In that moment, it seemed to unite people. Why Because almost all experiences are shared human experiences. We forget that, as we forge (前进) through life, focused on our own troubles and needs—which are actually less unique than we think. How can these three words create more connection in your life Ask yourself: “Where am I holding back
One thing I know for sure is this: Healing others helps heal yourself. I noticed this recently with my friend, Tracy, who took a new friend who had suffered a miscarriage under her wing. Tracy had three of them before having her daughter two years ago. Our intellect needs a doctor to explain the medical side of things, yes. But our souls need human connection to help us along. No one can do that better than someone who has been exactly where you are.
Can the essence of these three words help you make a small difference right now It can be as simple as volunteering your seat, sharing some helpful advice or even lightening the mood with a joke when you notice that someone’s uncomfortable—because we’re all in this together.
The underlined word “flustered” in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to _______.
A. angry B. anxious C. scared D. upset
57. What does the woman mean by saying “ I’ve been there”in the third paragraph？
A. The woman was on the bus and saw what had happened to the boy.
B. The woman got to her destination and was ready to get off the bus.
C. The woman once had the similar experience with that mother.
D. The woman took the exact seat that the boy was on just now.
58. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage
A. Everyone has his or her own unique problem that is difficult to solve.
B. Doctors can help us get through when we have mental or physical problems.
C. The author’s friend Tracy felt better after she was comforted by her new friend.
D. One can indeed make a difference to those in need of help by doing simple things.
59. The passage is intended to _______.
show a harmonious world by telling some touching stories
praise those who are willing to help others in emergencies
appeal to readers to give timely help to those in need
illustrate some ways of helping others in detail
(B)
VersonShock U.S Patent #US8,555,526 B2. May be eligible for Medicare reimbursement. This product is not intended to treat, cure or prevent any disease. $30 off applies to orders of $100 or more for a limited time. Cannot be combined with other offers. 9% CA sales tax applies to orders in California. Shoes must be returned within 30 days in like-new condition for full refund or exchange. Credit card authorization required. See website for complete details.
60. Walking in shoes made by Gravity Defyer Corp., one’s pain can be relieved in the following parts except ________.
A. Ankle. B. Neck. C. Knee. D. Back.
61. Which of the following is TRUE of the shoes
A. Women have more choices of shoe colour than men.
B. One can enjoy $30 off if his order is more than $100.
C. Consumers can return shoes within 30 days for full refund.
D. Those who place orders in California don’t need to pay extra sales tax.
62. Where does this passage most probably appear
A. A science journal. B. A travel brochure.
C. An advertisement column. D. An entertainment magazine.
(C)
A recent survey conducted by the Pew Research Centre showed that a mere 16% of Americans think that a four-year degree course prepares students very well for a high-paying job in the modern economy. But technology also seems to be complicating the picture.
A paper published by a trio (三人小组) of Canadian economists, Paul Beaudry, David Green and Benjamin Sand, questions optimistic assumptions about demand for non-routine work and shows that since 2000 the share of employment accounted for by high-skilled jobs in America has been falling. This analysis supports the view that technology has come as a blow to employment. Skilled and unskilled workers alike are in trouble. Those with a better education are still more likely to find work, but there is now a fair chance that it will be unenjoyable. Those who never made it to college face being squeezed out of the workforce altogether. This is the argument of the techno-pessimists.
There is another, less pessimistic possibility. James Bessen, an economist at Boston University, finds that since 1980 employment has been growing faster in occupations that use computers than in those that do not. Partial automation can actually increase demand by reducing costs. But even though technology may not destroy jobs in all, it does force change upon many people.
In many occupations it has become essential to acquire new skills as established ones become out-of-date. Burning Glass Technologies, a Boston-based startup that analyses labor markets by obtaining data from online job advertisements, finds that the biggest demand is for new combinations of skills—what its boss, Matt Sigelman, calls “hybrid jobs”. The composition of new jobs is also changing rapidly.
A college degree at the start of a working career does not answer the need for the continuous acquisition of new skills, especially as career spans (持续时间) are lengthening. Vocational training is good at giving people job-specific skills, but those, too, will need to be updated over and over again during a career lasting decades. Vocational training has a role, but training someone early to do one thing all their lives is not the answer to lifelong learning.
Add all of this up, and it becomes clear that times have got tougher for workers of all kinds. A college degree is still a prerequisite (必备条件) for many jobs, but employers often do not trust it enough to hire workers just on the strength of that, without experience. In many occupations workers on company payrolls face the prospect that their existing skills will become outdated, yet it is often not obvious how they can gain new ones.
63. We can learn from the paper conducted by the Canadian economists that ____________.
A. employment has been shaken by technology
B. college degree is a necessity in career success
C. skilled workers are no longer required in most American industries
D. techno-pessimism paves the way for future technology development
64. James Bessen believes that ____________.
A. increased demand can bring about cost reduction
B. progressive automation is beneficial to companies
C. technology advancement has a positive impact on most people
D. computer has always been an essential factor in employment
65. Burning Glass Technologies is mentioned as an example to show that ____________.
A. online job advertisements require a precise data analysis
B. acquisition of new skills is essential in current job market
C. the composition of new jobs is shaped by technology
D. Matt Sigelman predicts a bright future of job market
66. Which of the following is the best title for the text
A. Lifelong Learning: an Economic Priority
B. Technology Revolution: the Way to Success
C. College Degree: a Guarantee for Career Change
D. Vocational Training: a Blessing for Job Seekers
上海市金山区2020届高三一模英语试卷
(A)
I live in a second-floor flat with an ancient tree right on the corner of the house. House and tree have been here, side by side, for well over a century. No one really knows how old the tree is, but it was already there when builders started on the house at the beginning of the 1900s.
It was still rather young and flexible back then, so it easily welcomed the new structure into its path. It bent and adjusted itself to make room, and to find the space to grow big and strong and wise. Which means that some hundred years later, the solid, strong branches of the tree reach around two full sides of my home. It’s covered in moss (苔藓), which is, in turn, crawling with all sorts of insects. I have never seen the insects, by the way, I just know that they’re there because of all the birds trying to pick them out. They are always hopping around, looking for this and that and singing songs.
I feel like I have become part of the ecosystem. When I’m eating breakfast or making dinner in the kitchen, I can look out and see a bird hopping around skillfully, gathering its own meal while I tend to mine. When I’m sitting in the living room, reading or drinking tea, I can suddenly find myself face to face with another bird. We’ll be staring at each other and, after some time, decide we can both carry on with our business. Living side by side. Even as I write this—the large windows open to a lovely, soft evening—a white feather comes floating down by my side. Probably from one of the resident pigeons.
As I don’t have the luxury of a garden, this tree makes me feel connected to the outdoors. Such an ancient tree, a tree that is itself home to many other creatures—that feels different. It is as if it has adopted me and made me a part of its world, without ever asking for something in return. But if needs be, I know that it can count on me and I will protect it with all my strength.
56. The flat the author lives in is ______.
A. built in an ancient tree B. hugged by a giant tree
C. decorated with branches D. surrounded by a garden
57. In the author’s description, she implies that ______.
A. birds keep her warm company B. she has been living on tree products
C. moss makes her flat nice and cool D. she has been bothered by the insects
58. What does the author really treasure
A. A close-to-nature life. B. A luxurious garden.
C. A spacious house. D. A sociable neighbor.
59. Which of the following can be used to express the author’s feeling
A. Jealous. B. Inferior. C. Content. D. Passionate. (B)
The Sleep of Your Dreams
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, a third of us don’t get nearly enough shut-eye. Our collective tiredness has promoted a $41 billion market for devices promising more—and higher-quality—sleep. In my everlasting search for downtime, I tested some of the most promising ones. Here’s how they stacked up.
Eight sleep tracker $299 This mattress (床垫) topper ts under a sheet and “turns any bed into a smart bed,” according to Eight. While I slept, the sensor-decorated pad gathered data like heart rate, periods of deepest sleep, and number of turns. It was easy to use, and I liked the warming feature, which let me set each side of the bed to a different temperature. REM Score: 8 (out of 10) Dreampad pillow $149 and up The Dreampad uses smooth soundscapes to help you power down. Connect the device to your phone via Bluetooth or USB, and the pillow emits soft music, audible only to you as you lay your head down. There are ten tracks on offer. I didn’t drift off any faster with the Dreampad, but it did help me fall back asleep when I woke up at night. REM Score: 6
Smart Nora Wireless Snoring Solution $299 My eight-hour restful happiness is frequently interrupted by my husband’s snoring. The Smart Nora relieves me of the need to push him. When the bedside audio sensor detects a breathing disturbance, it slowly blows up the offender’s pillow, gently shifting them into a freer-breathing position. My husband sometimes woke up brie y but was soon asleep again. REM Score: 8 Nightingale Smart Home Sleep System $149 The Nightingale is hi-tech. Two app-enabled units wrap the room in a blanket of warm sound. You can also program the system to provide weather and traf c information when you wake up. The only downside: in standby mode, it emits a faint noise. REM Score: 9
* REM: rapid eye movement (describes a period of sleep during which you dream and your eyes make small movements)
60. By “how they stacked up” in paragraph 1, the author probably means “how they ______.”
A. make sense to manufacturers B. get stuck in stores
C. are compared with each other D. are piled up together
61. Which of the following devices favourably reacts to users
A. Dreampad pillow B. Eight sleep tracker
C. Smart Nora Wireless Snoring Solution D. Nightingale Smart Home Sleep System
62. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage
A. The Eight keeps the entire bed at the same temperature.
B. The Nightingale is an economical but perfect device.
C. Soft music is applied to all these four devices.
D. One in three people suffer from sleep problem.
(C)
An epidemic is the occurrence of a disease which affects a very large number of people living in an area and which spreads quickly to other people. Like infectious diseases, ideas in the academic world are spreadable. But why some travel far and wide while equally good ones remain in relative insignificance has been a mystery. Now a team of computer scientists has used an epidemiological model to imitate how ideas move from one academic institution to another. The model showed that ideas originating at famous institutions caused bigger “epidemics” than equally good ideas from less well-known places, explains Allison Morgan, a computer scientist at the University of Colorado Boulder and lead author of the new study. “This implies that where an idea is born shapes how far it spreads, holding the quality of the idea constant.” says senior author Aaron Clauset, also at Boulder.
Not only is this unfair—“it reveals a big weakness in how we’re doing science,” says Simon DeDeo, a professor of social and decision sciences at Carnegie Mellon University, who was not involved in the study. There are many highly trained people with good ideas who do not end up at top institutions. “They are producing good ideas, and we know those ideas are getting lost,” DeDeo says. “Our science, our scholarship, is not as good because of this.”
The Colorado researchers analyzed an existing data set of computer science department hires in North America, as well as a database of publications by these hires. First they looked at how five big ideas in computer science spread to new institutions. They found that hiring a new member accounted for this movement a little more than a third of the time—and in 81 percent of those cases, transfers took place from higher-to lower-status universities. Then the team imitated the broadcasting of ideas using an infectious disease model and found that the size of an idea “epidemic” (as measured by the number of institutions that published studies on an idea after it originated) depended on the status of the originating institution. The findings were published online last October in EPJ Data Science.
The researchers’ model suggests that there “may be a number of quite good ideas that originate in the middle of the pack, in terms of universities,” Clauset says. DeDeo agrees. There is a lot of good work coming out of less famous places, he says: “You can learn a huge amount from it, and you can learn things that other people don’t know because they’re not even paying attention.”
63. The word “this” in paragraph 2 refers to the fact that ______.
A. the time when good ideas were born decides how far they may spread
B. the quality of the original ideas tends to be not easy to maintain
C. good ideas from less important institutions lack influence
D. scholars in insignificant institutions consider their ideas valueless
64. The case of some hires in paragraph 3 is used to indicate ______.
A. the statistics the epidemiological model provides for the researchers
B. why the originating institutions transfer their new findings
C. how they carry the ideas from lower- to higher-status institutions
D. the way the movements of some new ideas happen and their effects
65. Researchers such as Clauset are very much concerned about ______.
A. losing quite a number of great and creative thoughts
B. missing the opportunities of getting more well-known
C. misusing the epidemiological model in scientific research areas
D. having difficulty in finding more proper science department hires
66. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage
A. Infectious Diseases B. Original Ideas C. Idea Epidemic D. Epidemiological Model
答案：
上海市金山区2022届高三一模英语试卷
56-59 ACDB 60-62 DCC 63-66 ACDC
上海市金山区2021届高三一模英语试卷
56-59 DCDC 60-62 BAC 63-66 ABBA
上海市金山区2020届高三一模英语试卷
56-59 BAAC 60-62 CCD 63-66 CDAC

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