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定语从句（学生版）
考点一：关系代词引导的定语从句
1．which指物， 在从句中可以作主语或宾语， 作宾语时可以省略。
2．that指人或物均可， 在从句中可以作主语或宾语， 作宾语时可以省略。
(
☆
Note
☆
（
1
）
限制性定语从句中
，
关系代词只用
that
不用
which
的情况：
①
先行词为不定代词
all
,
anything
,
nothing
,
something
,
everything
,
none
,
the
one
等
或被不定代词修饰时。
②
先行词是形容词最高级或序数词
，
或先行词前有形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。
③
先行词被
the
only
,
the
very
,
the
last
,
the
same
,
any
,
every
,
each
,
few
,
little
,
no
,
some
等修饰时。
④
先行词既有表示人又有表示物的名词时。
（
2
）
关系词只用
which
而不用
that
的情况：
(
一句话口诀：
逗号后、介词后不可用
that
)
①
引导非限制性定语从句时。
②
当从句中的介词提前
，
构成
“
介词＋关系代词
”
结构时
)
3．who, whom的用法：
who或whom均可指代人，但who在从句中作主语或宾语，whom在从句中作宾语；
两者在引导限制性定语从句时可用that替换。
作主语时，who/that不可省略；作宾语时， whom/who/that可以省略。
4．whose的用法：
whose表所属关系，既可指人也可指物，在从句中作定语。
指物时相当于of which; 指人时相当于of whom。
5．as也可以引导非限制性定语从句，定语从句说明整个句子，可放在主句之前，常用于下列习惯用语中：
(1) as is often the case 情况常常是这样
(2) as has been said before如之前所述
(3) as often happens正如经常发生的那样
(4) as anybody can see正如大家能看到的那样
(5) as we had expected正如我们所预料的那样
(6) as is reported in the newspaper 正如报纸中所报道的
(7) as is (already) said/mentioned above正如上面所 说/提到 的
【根据以上解析完成下列练习】
①The only part of the meal that I really liked was the dessert.
②Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in China.
③The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill.
④I refuse to accept the blame for something that was someone else’s fault.
⑤The school shop, whose customers are mainly students, is closed for the holidays.
⑥We live in an age in which more information is available with greater ease than ever before.
⑦She showed the visitors around the museum that/which had been constructed three years before.
⑧They will never forget the things and persons that they’ve seen or heard of during their long journey.
⑨Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T shirt, which is a stupid thing to do in such weather.
⑩I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school who/whom/that I met in the English speech contest last year.
考点二：关系副词引导的定语从句
1．where表地点， 在定语从句中作地点状语， 相当于“介词in/at/on... ＋which” 。
2．why表原因， 在定语从句中作原因状语， 相当于“介词for＋which” 结构。
3．when表时间， 在定语从句中作时间状语， 相当于“介词in/at/on/during... ＋which” 结构。
(
☆
Note
☆
1.
在非限制性定语从句中，常用
for which
表原因而不用
why
。
2
．当先行词为
position,
situation,
occasion, activity, atmosphere,
case, stage, point
, family
时
，
且引导词在定语从句中表示事情发生的情况、阶段等时，
常用关系副词
where
引导。
)
【根据以上解析完成下列练习】
①I had told them the reason, for which I didn’t attend the meeting.
②Do you know the reason why/for which he didn’t attend the meeting
③Now their peace talks have reached a key stage where one side must give in to the other.
④I am looking forward to the day when my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.
⑤A bank is the place where they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain.
考点三：特殊情况
1. 当先行词为way,意为“方法、方式”,且在定语从句中作主语、宾语时,可用关系代词which或that;
作状语时,要用in which 或that或不填任何关系词。
eg. The way (that/in which) he finished the task successfully was difficult to understand.(作状语)
The way that/which he explained to me was not difficult to understand.(作宾语)
2. 当先行词为time时,若表示“一段时间”,后面定语从句用when引导,也可用at/during which;
若表示“次数”,后面定语从句用that引导,that可以省略。
eg. There was a time when we had no TV sets.
This is the second time (that) the President has visited our country.
【巩固练习】用正确的关系词填空
1. I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River which/that are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings.
2. I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, which my classmates recommended
to me.
3. At the requests of some English learners, he has published a lot of books, one of which is about
English idioms.
4. So, they looked around for a soccer club which/that would be able to do this for them.
5. The richest of these is Bill Gates, worth at least$76 billion, who made his money by starting the company Microsoft.
6. Jane paused in front of a counter where some attractive ties were on display.
7. Freeflyers, as the name suggests, enjoy the more spontaneous(即兴的) thrill of doing their own
things.
8. Then the judge made his decision. Since Sam lost a bag of 75 gold coins, the bag found by the girl that had only 50 coins doesn’t belong to Sam.
9. She cried because their relationship which/that had lasted for years was unexpectedly defeated by another woman’s back.
10. Dr. le is a zoologist, who studies the sounds of elephants.
11. In front of us stands an old tall tower whose top has been blown up.
12. As is known to us，the Chinese government plays an important part in international affairs.
13. On an autumn afternoon, we were sent to a farm where we learnt to plant potatoes.
14. We’ll put off the meeting until next week, when we won’t be so busy.
15. Anyone who/that upgrades their professional knowledge to a new level can apply for these courses.
16. The books on the desk, whose covers are shiny, are prizes for us.
17. The work camp was mainly made up of teenagers who/that had given up part of their summer
vacation to help others.
18. Almost every teenager will experience a period in their life when they aren’t content with their
parents.
19. Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon which school education depends.
20. First Jack was to draft the speech, which was just a piece of cake for him because he was a good
writer.
21. A story I read two years ago, whose name I can’t remember clearly, changed my idea about education.
定语从句（教师版）
考点一：关系代词引导的定语从句
1．which指物， 在从句中可以作主语或宾语， 作宾语时可以省略。
2．that指人或物均可， 在从句中可以作主语或宾语， 作宾语时可以省略。
(
☆
Note
☆
（
1
）
限制性定语从句中
，
关系代词只用
that
不用
which
的情况：
①
先行词为不定代词
all
,
anything
,
nothing
,
something
,
everything
,
none
,
the
one
等
或被不定代词修饰时。
②
先行词是形容词最高级或序数词
，
或先行词前有形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。
③
先行词被
the
only
,
the
very
,
the
last
,
the
same
,
any
,
every
,
each
,
few
,
little
,
no
,
some
等修饰时。
④
先行词既有表示人又有表示物的名词时。
（
2
）
关系词只用
which
而不用
that
的情况：
(
一句话口诀：
逗号后、介词后不可用
that
)
①
引导非限制性定语从句时。
②
当从句中的介词提前
，
构成
“
介词＋关系代词
”
结构时
)
3．who, whom的用法：
who或whom均可指代人，但who在从句中作主语或宾语，whom在从句中作宾语；
两者在引导限制性定语从句时可用that替换。
作主语时，who/that不可省略；作宾语时， whom/who/that可以省略。
4．whose的用法：
whose表所属关系，既可指人也可指物，在从句中作定语。
指物时相当于of which; 指人时相当于of whom。
5．as也可以引导非限制性定语从句，定语从句说明整个句子，可放在主句之前，常用于下列习惯用语中：
(1) as is often the case 情况常常是这样
(2) as has been said before如之前所述
(3) as often happens正如经常发生的那样
(4) as anybody can see正如大家能看到的那样
(5) as we had expected正如我们所预料的那样
(6) as is reported in the newspaper 正如报纸中所报道的
(7) as is (already) said/mentioned above正如上面所 说/提到 的
【根据以上解析完成下列练习】
①The only part of the meal that I really liked was the dessert.
②Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in China.
③The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill.
④I refuse to accept the blame for something that was someone else’s fault.
⑤The school shop, whose customers are mainly students, is closed for the holidays.
⑥We live in an age in which more information is available with greater ease than ever before.
⑦She showed the visitors around the museum that/which had been constructed three years before.
⑧They will never forget the things and persons that they’ve seen or heard of during their long journey.
⑨Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T shirt, which is a stupid thing to do in such weather.
⑩I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school who/whom/that I met in the English speech contest last year.
考点二：关系副词引导的定语从句
1．where表地点， 在定语从句中作地点状语， 相当于“介词in/at/on... ＋which” 。
2．why表原因， 在定语从句中作原因状语， 相当于“介词for＋which” 结构。
3．when表时间， 在定语从句中作时间状语， 相当于“介词in/at/on/during... ＋which” 结构。
(
☆
Note
☆
1.
在非限制性定语从句中，常用
for which
表原因而不用
why
。
2
．当先行词为
position,
situation, occasion, activity, atmosphere, case, stage, point, family
时
，
且引导词在定语从句中表示事情发生的情况、阶段等时，
常用关系副词
where
引导。
)
【根据以上解析完成下列练习】
①I had told them the reason, for which I didn’t attend the meeting.
②Do you know the reason why/for which he didn’t attend the meeting
③Now their peace talks have reached a key stage where one side must give in to the other.
④I am looking forward to the day when my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.
⑤A bank is the place where they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain.
考点三：特殊情况
1. 当先行词为way,意为“方法、方式”,且在定语从句中作主语、宾语时,可用关系代词which或that;
作状语时,要用in which 或that或不填任何关系词。
eg. The way (that/in which) he finished the task successfully was difficult to understand.(作状语)
The way that/which he explained to me was not difficult to understand.(作宾语)
2. 当先行词为time时,若表示“一段时间”,后面定语从句用when引导,也可用at/during which;
若表示“次数”,后面定语从句用that引导,that可以省略。
eg. There was a time when we had no TV sets.
This is the second time (that) the President has visited our country.
【巩固练习】用正确的关系词填空
1. I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River which/that are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings.
2. I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, which my classmates recommended to me.
3. At the requests of some English learners, he has published a lot of books, one of which is about English idioms.
4. So, they looked around for a soccer club which/that would be able to do this for them.
5. The richest of these is Bill Gates, worth at least$76 billion, who made his money by starting the company Microsoft.
6. Jane paused in front of a counter where some attractive ties were on display.
7. Freeflyers, as the name suggests, enjoy the more spontaneous(即兴的) thrill of doing their own things.
8. Then the judge made his decision. Since Sam lost a bag of 75 gold coins, the bag found by the girl that had only 50 coins doesn’t belong to Sam.
9. She cried because their relationship which/that had lasted for years was unexpectedly defeated by another woman’s back.
10. Dr. le is a zoologist, who studies the sounds of elephants.
11. In front of us stands an old tall tower whose top has been blown up.
12. As is known to us，the Chinese government plays an important part in international affairs.
13. On an autumn afternoon, we were sent to a farm where we learnt to plant potatoes.
14. We’ll put off the meeting until next week, when we won’t be so busy.
15. Anyone who/that upgrades their professional knowledge to a new level can apply for these courses.
16. The books on the desk, whose covers are shiny, are prizes for us.
17. The work camp was mainly made up of teenagers who/that had given up part of their summer vacation to help others.
18. Almost every teenager will experience a period in their life when they aren’t content with their parents.
19. Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon which school education depends.
20. First Jack was to draft the speech, which was just a piece of cake for him because he was a good writer.
21. A story I read two years ago, whose name I can’t remember clearly, changed my idea about education.

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