资源简介

(共19张PPT)
Using Language
----Reading for writing
Contents
1. To understand English poetry
2. To taste English poetry
3. To write English poetry
What Is Poetry
by Eleanor Farjeon
What is poetry who knows
Not a rose, but the scent of the rose;
Not the sky, but the light in the sky;
Not the fly, but the gleam of the fly;
Not the sea, but the sound of the sea;
Not myself, but what makes me
See, hear, and feel something that prose
Cannot: and what is it, who knows
诗为何物
作者：埃莉诺·法杰恩（英国）
什么是诗歌
有谁知道呢
并不是一朵玫瑰,
但却比玫瑰更芬芳；
不是天空,
但却比天空更明亮；
不是飞鸟,
但却比飞鸟更易逝；
不是海洋,
但却比海洋更喧嚣；
不是我自己,
但却造就了我.
看一看,听一听,
去感受那散文中所没有的,
诗为何物？
有谁知道
Lead in : Enjoy a poem
A famous English poet Shelley said, “Poetry is the record of the best and happiest moments of the happiest and best minds.”
The essence
of poetry
Activity one: Discuss the essence of poetry
subject
tone
rhythm and sounds
imagery
rhetorical devices
feelings and emotions
length of lines
Tone？
a quality in a writer’s voice or writing showing his feeling or thinking
Rhetorical devices？
repetition, figurative language, simile, metaphor, …
Imagery？
Imagery is the language that appeals to one of the five senses.
Poets try to make readers see, hear, smell, taste and feel what they are describing.
The essence
of poetry
Activity one: Discuss the essence of poetry
subject
tone
rhythm and sounds
imagery
rhetorical devices
feelings and emotions
length of lines
Tone？
Tone: a quality in a writer’s voice or writing showing his feeling or thinking.
Rhetorical devices？
Rhetorical devices: repetition, figurative language,simile, metaphor, ……
Imagery？
Imagery: Imagery is the language that appeals to one of the five senses. Poets try to make readers see, hear, smell, taste and feel what they are describing.
Rhyming words
The words are in the middle or at the end of lines that repeat the last stressed vowel sounds. Sometimes they are spelt differently, but sound the same. E.g. moon, June, cartoon.
Six main types
联韵（随韵）：即第一、二行同韵，第三、四行同韵。
属于aabb型。
交韵：即第一、三行同韵，第二、四行同韵，属于abab型。
同韵：在同一诗节里，只有一种韵.
内韵：指词与词之间元音的重复形成的内部押韵。
头韵：是指一行（节）诗中几个词开头的辅音相同，形成
押韵。
抱韵：即第一、四行同韵，第二、三行同韵，属于abba型。
I shot an arrow into the air,
　　 It fell to earth, I knew not where;
　　 For, so swiftly it flew, the sight
　　 Could not follow it in its flight.
联韵（随韵）
It is the most common and important form of rhyme.
交韵
Sunset and evening star,
　　And one clear call for me!
　　And may there be no moaning of the bar,
　　When I put out to sea.
The beauty of morning, silent bare,
Ships, towers, domes, theatres, and temples lie,
Open unto the fields, and to the sky,
All bright and glittering in the smokeless air.
抱韵
同韵
The woods are lovely, dark and deep,
　　But I have promises to keep,
　　And miles to go before I sleep,
下面节诗中/i/及/iη/重复照应，使诗歌呈现出一派欢乐祥和的气氛。
Spring, the sweet spring, is the year’s pleasant king;
Then blooms each thing, then maids dance in a ring,
Cold doth not sting, the pretty birds do sing:
头韵
The fair breeze blew, the white foam flew;
The furrow followed free,
We were the first that ever burst into that silent sea.
--- S. T. Colerigy: The Rime of teh Ancient Mariner
Pre-reading Guess a riddle
It has no shape.
It has no colour.
It has no smell,
And you cannot catch it.
You can hear it,
But you cannot see it.
What is it
wind
Let’s enjoy a poem: WIND ON THE HILL
Step2 While-reading
Wind On The Hill
------By A. A. Milne
No one can tell me,
Nobody knows,
Where the wind comes from,
Where the wind goes.
It's flying from somewhere
As fast as it can,
I couldn't keep up with it,
Not if I ran.
But if I stopped holding
The string of my kite,
It would blow with the wind
For a day and a night.
And then when I found it,
Wherever it blew,
I should know that the wind
Had been going there too.
So then I could tell them
Where the wind goes…
But where the wind comes from
Nobody knows.
Activity two: Read and understand
1. Translate the poem
山上的风
---A.A.米尔恩
没有人能够告诉我，
也没有人会知道：
风来自哪里，
又将去往哪里。
它从一个地方来，
尽他所能，飞快吹来，
我跟不上风的步伐，
即使跑也来不及。
但如果我停下来
不再紧握我手中的风筝线，
它将随风飘去，
一天一夜
后来当我发现它，
它吹向任何地方，
我会知道风，
也曾经去过那里。
所以当我能告诉他们，
风去了哪里…
但是风从哪里来，
没有人知道。
1.What is the possible way to find out where the wind goes according to
the poem
A. To find the place where the kite drops.
B. To be told by someone nearby.
C. To hold the string of the kite and run with it.
D. To keep up with the wind all the time.
2.Which of the following is true according to the poem
A. We can find out where the wind comes from without difficulty.
B. The writer reckons it is impossible to know where the wind goes.
C. Nobody knows where the wind comes from and goes except the writer.
D. The writer succeeds in finding a way of knowing where the wind goes.
3.What kind of person do you think the writer is
A. Silly. B. Honest. C. Clever. D. Cold-blooded.
Wind On The Hill
------By A. A. Milne
No one can tell me,
Nobody knows,
Where the wind comes from,
Where the wind goes.
It's flying from somewhere
As fast as it can,
I couldn't keep up with it,
Not if I ran.
But if I stopped holding
The string of my kite,
It would blow with the wind
For a day and a night.
And then when I found it,
Wherever it blew,
I should know that the wind
Had been going there too.
So then I could tell them
Where the wind goes…
But where the wind comes from
Nobody knows.
Underline the rhyming words
[n z]
[g z]
[k n]
[r n]
[ka t]
[na t]
[blu ]
[tu ]
[g z]
[n z]
Rhyming features？
interlaced rhyming 隔行押韵
Thinking
What is the linguistic feature of this poem
A. Bold and unrestrained language
B. Witty and humorous language
C. Descriptive and vivid language
D. An implicit (含蓄的)and euphemistic(委婉的) language
About A.A.Milne
Alan Alexander Milne (18 January 1882 – 31 January 1956) was a well-known British playwright, _______ (novel), storyteller and children’s poet, ___________
(graduate) from the University of Cambridge.
He was the best 3 (know) for his books about the teddy bear Winnie-the-Pooh and for (vary) poems. Milne was a noted writer, (primary) as a playwright, before the huge ________ (successful) of Pooh overshadowed all his previous work. Milne (serve) in both World Wars, joining the British Army in World War I, was a captain of the British Home Guard in World War II.
语法填空
novelist
graduating
known
various
primarily
success
served
and
5 :Enjoy a poem:DREAM
DREAM
Hold fast to dreams,
For if dreams die
Life is a broken-winged bird
That cannot fly.
Hold fast to dreams,
For when dreams go
Life is a barren field
Frozen with snow.
by Langston Hughes
梦想
紧紧抓住梦想，
梦想若是消亡，
生命就像鸟儿折了翅膀，
再也不能飞翔。
紧紧抓住梦想，
梦想若是消丧，
生命就像贫瘠的荒野，
雪覆冰封，万物不再生长。
---兰斯顿·休斯
Underline the rhyming words
[dai]
[flai]
[g ]
[sn ]
Translate the poem
1. What rhetorical device does the poet use
A. Hyperbole B. Metaphors and repetition
C. Similes D.Personification
2. What does the author compare the life without dreams to
A. A flying bird and a dreamy wilderness
B. A singing bird and barren field .
C. A broken bird and frozen snow.
D. A bird with a broken wing and frozen wilderness.
Answer the questions
Discuss: Does a life without a dream mean anything
Life without a dream is meaningless.
We have to hold on to our dreams to make progress tomorrow!
6 : Enjoy a poem: A MATCH
If love were what the rose is,
And I were like the leaf,
Our lives would grow together
In sad or singing weather,
Blown fields or flowerful closes,
Green pleasure or gray grief;
If love were what the rose is,
And I were like the leaf.
A.C. Swinburne
Complete the following questions
1. What is the poem
A MATCH about
This poem expresses loyalty and devotion to love
[li f]
[gri f]
[t ɡe ]
[ we ]
3.Underline the rhyming words
and point out rhyming features.
2. What does this poem express
Rhyming features？
abccabab
[ z]
[kl siz]
[ z]
[li f]
4. What rhetorical device does the poet use
Metaphor
Repetition
Simile
In Chinese
愿得一心人，白头不相离。
7 : To finish the exercise on Page57
Read the poems below and then complete the table.
Wind on the hill Dream A Match
Subject
Images
Rhyming words
Rhetorical devices
wind
dreams
love
kite, person
a broken-winged bird, a barren field frozen with snow
rose, leaf, fields
knows/goes; can/ran;
kite/night; blew/too;
goes/ knows
die/fly;
go/snow
together/weather;
closes/is; grief/leaf
repetition,
Alliteration(头韵)
repetition,
metaphor, simile
repetition,
metaphor
Activity3: To discuss from which aspects we should enjoy English poetry
How to taste English poetry
（from which aspects）
poetic form
poetic imagery
poetic language
poetic
meaning
The framework of
poetry evaluation
The purpose of writing in this unit is to write a poem evaluation, which belongs to the category of argumentative writing.
About the writing: Poetry Evaluation
1. Beginning---Brief introduction
2. Body---A detailed introduction to the
understanding of the poem
3. Ending---A general evaluation, especially the
significance and influence of the poem
The poem Dream by Langston Hughes is very short with only 8 lines. When I read the pome aloud I can hear that the ends of the second and fourth sentences rhyme--- “die” and “fly”. The last word from the sixth and eighth sentences also rhyme--- “go” and “snow”. These rhyming words sound nice and make the poem pleasing to read.
When I close my eyes, I can see different images from the poem. For example, I can see two hands being held. I can see a bird flying in the sky. I can see a field and I can imagine what it looks like with lots of snow. I start to feel cold when I read these lines!
I learnt a new phrase, “hold fast”, which means to hold onto something. “Barren” is also a new word to me, which means empty.
I think the poet is giving us advice. He wants us to keep dreaming, because life is much better when we dream and have something to look forward to.
1：To taste English poetry
poetic form
poetic language
（ryhming words）
poetic imagery：
（有很强的画面感）
poetic language
（new words）
poetic meaning
Poetry is the struggle to wake up each morning
Poetry is the struggle to sleep each night
Poetry is the image you see in the mirror
Even when you know that the image isn’t right.
What is Poetry （诗歌是什么？）
By: poetdreamer
Poetry is the song you sing when in love
Poetry is the tears when things fall apart
Poetry is when your fingers barely hold on
Even when you know you broke your heart.
Poetry is the breeze that cools you off
Poetry is the goal pushes you forward
Poetry is the steps to climb out of darkness
Even when you know the steps are awkward.
Let’s end up with the lesson with a poem!
Poetry is the smile that brightens your day
Poetry is the pain that you try to hide
Poetry is the secrets that you conceal
Even with a friend to which you confide.
Poetry is not the language, nor meter
Poetry is not the form, nor the rhyme
Poetry is not the shape, nor the length
Poetry is not the education, nor even the time.
Poetry is the screams, the tears, and the laughter
Poetry is the joys, the weakness, and the vitality
Poetry is the love, the hatred, and the unfeeling
Poetry is everything in life, even your mortality.
The only difference between you and writing poetry is a little feeling!
你和写诗之间的距离，差的就是一点感觉！

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