资源简介

(共30张PPT)
Unit 5 Working the Land
Using Language - Writing
Chemical Farming
Organic Farming
Versus
Learning Objectives
1.Integrate and describe the differences between chemical and organic farming and their respective advantages and disadvantages.
2. Analyze and judge the author's writing techniques, learn to master the main discourse features of argumentation.
3. Express their views on chemical farming or organic farming in written form in appropriate language.
01
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Organic grapes
Chemical grapes
Which kind of fruit do you want to choose to eat
01
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What kind of fertilizers do farmers use
Chemical fertilizers
Natural waste from animals
Prediction-what is the main idea of the passage
CHEMICAL VERSUS ORGANIC FARMING
It mainly talks about the chemical farming and organic farming
01
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Chemical farming
farming using chemical pesticides and artificial fertilisers.
Organic farming
simply farming without using any chemicals.
While Reading
Read the text, and then answer the questions on page 56.
Why did many farmers welcome the introduction of chemical farming
What concerns many people about the use of pesticides
Many farmers welcomed them as a great way to fight crop diseases and increase production.
Their long-term use can sometimes harm both the land and people’s health.
Read the text, and then answer the questions on page 56.
What is one problem with the use of chemical fertilisers
How is organic farming different from chemical farming
Crops grown with them usually grow too fast to be rich in nutrition.
Organic farming is simply farming without using any chemicals. Organic farmers focus on keeping their soil rich and free of diseases through natural means.
Read the text, and then answer the questions on page 56.
Why do organic farmers change the kind of crop grown in a field every year
Different crops are grown because they put important minerals back into the ground making it ready for the next batch of crops.
Read the text, and then answer the questions on page 56.
What is the goal of using organic farming methods Do you think it can be reached Why or why not
The goal of using organic farming methods is to grow good food while avoiding damage to the environment or to people's health.
Yes, I think this goal can be reached because people tend to live a green and healthy life and they need organic farming to develop.
Match the main ideas (A-D) below with the paragraphs. Then complete the sentences in the table.
A. What organic farming is
B. Why man-made chemicals are still used in farming
C. Organic methods for producing rich soil
D. The problems with chemical farming
Paragraph Main Idea Detail
1-2 Pesticides can kill helpful .
Some pesticides have been because of the .
Crops grown with chemical fertilisers usually to be full of .
3 Many organic farmers use as fertiliser.
D
A
bacteria and insects
prohibited
damage they cause
grow too fast
nutrition
natural waste from
animals
Paragraph Main Idea Detail
4 They often grown in each field .
They also plant crops that use of the soil to help keep it rich.
5 Organic farming is nowhere near able to meet the high .
C
B
change the kind of crop
every year
different depths
demand for food around the world
Para1 Chemical pesticides and artificial fertilisers have been in widespread use in farming since the middle of the 20th century. When they were first introduced, many farmers welcomed them as a great way to fight crop disease and increase production. Over time, however, what some scientists have found is that their long-term use can sometimes harm both the land and peoples’ health.
pesticide n.杀虫剂 introduce v.推行；实施；采用
in widespread use 在广泛使用中
over time 随着时间的流逝
Para2 For example, pesticides can damage the land by killing not only harmful bacteria and insects, but also helpful ones. In addition, these chemicals can stay in the soil and underground water sources for a long time. This affects the crops grown on the land and, in turn, the animals and humans who digest them. Many people worry that these chemicals may make them ill and even cause cancer. In fact, some pesticides like DDT have been prohibited in most countries because of the damage they cause to people and the environment. As for chemical fertilisers, crops grown with them usually grow too fast to be rich in nutrition. They may look beautiful on the outside, but inside there is usually more water than essential minerals, and they often have less flavour as well
bacteria n (单数bacterium）细菌
in turn 相应地；转而；依次
digest vt vi 消化；vt 领会；领悟
as for 至于too...to ... 太...而不能
essential: adj.完全必要的；极其重要的
Para3 As an alternative, some farmers have switched to organic farming, and many customers have turned to organic food when they shop at the local grocery. Organic farming is simply farming without using any chemicals. Organic farmers focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease through natural means. For example, many organic farmers use natural waste from animals as fertiliser. This makes the soil in their fields richer in minerals. It also keeps the air, soil, water, and crops free of chemicals.
alternative n.可供选择的事物
switch to/turn to
转向，转变
grocery n. 食品杂货店（pl食品杂货）
keep...free of/from 使...免受...伤害（或影响等）
through natural means 通过天然的方法
Para4 Organic farmers also use many other methods to produce rich soil. They often change the kind of crop grown in each field every year. For instance, they may grow corn or wheat in a field one year, and then grow beans there the next. Why different crops are grown is because they put important minerals back into the ground, making it ready for the next batch of crops. Organic farmers also plant diverse crops that used different depths of soil to help keep it rich. For example, peanuts grow on the ground’s surface, but many other vegetables put down deep roots. The goal of using different organic farming methods is to grow good food while avoiding damage to the environment or to people’s health.
for instance /for example 例如，比如
depth n. 向下（或向里）的距离；深度
put down roots 生根；定居
Para5 Some people would prefer to stop the use of man-made chemicals in agriculture entirely. What keeps them from doing so is the fact that chemical farming serves the high demand for food around the world. Organic farming is nowhere near able to meet that need. Therefore, there is still a long way to find a suitable solution that puts sufficient food on the dinner table while keeping people and the environment as healthy as possible.
entirely adv.全部地；完整地；完全地
serve vt 对...有用，能满足...需要
serve/meet /satisfy the demand for 满足对...需要
nowhere near 远没有；远不及
What is an argumentative essay
An argumentative essay
An argumentative essay is a genre of writing that requires the students to investigate a topic, collect, generate, and evaluate evidence, and establish a position on the topic in a concise manner.
Structure of an argumentative essay
Summary
观点陈述类议论文
Para.1
Para.2
An argumentative essay
Your opinion
Supporting point2
Para.3
Supporting point3
Supporting point1
Introduction
Body
Conclusion
Summary
Title
Details
Details
Details
Useful expressions
Para.1
Currently, there is a widespread concern over the issue that…
As is often the case, … As far as I am concerned, however, …
It can be said with certainty that ... So in my opinion, …
Nowadays, it has to be noticed that… So I’m convinced that…
your opinion
Useful expressions
Para.2
First of all, there is no denying/doubt that...
On the one hand, … On the other hand, …
Moreover, …. For one thing, … For another,…
Lastly,… A case in point is ...
Similarly, we should pay more attention to...
As has been mentioned above, ...
supporting points + details
Useful expressions
Personally, I will conclude by saying...
Therefore, I have the reason to believe that...
From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that…
Para.3
Summary
Writing Practice
为积极响应学校英语网站《健康生活》栏目的征文活动，请根据以下要点写一篇议论文投稿，说明有机农耕的好处：
1．有机农产品更健康，让人放心；
2．有机农耕对环境不造成破坏；
3．有机农耕让农民增加收入。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Advantages of Organic Farming
Compared to chemical farming, organic farming enjoys its overwhelming superiority. The reasons are as follows.
Firstly, organic food is healthier and safer as in organic farming, poisonous chemicals like pesticides are forbidden from being used on crops. Furthermore, organic farming is environmentally friendly. For instance, organic farmers use natural waste from animals as fertilizer, which is harmless to the environment. Lastly, farmers can increase their income through organic farming. As people tend to pursue a green life, they are more likely to buy organic fruit and vegetables despite the high prices.
With incomparable advantages, therefore, organic farming is expected to benefit more people in the future.
Exchange your draft with a partner.
Use this checklist to help you review your partner's draft.
Does the writer do a good job of expressing his/her opinion
Does each paragraph have one main idea
Does each paragraph have at least one detail to support its main idea
Does the writer sequence the points in a logical order
Does the writer do a good job persuading you to accept his/her opinion
Thanks for your attention!

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