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江苏省宿迁市
2019-2022三年高一下学期英语期末试卷汇编
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江苏省宿迁市2021-2022学年高一下学期期末考试试卷英语试卷（解析版）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Saint Maybe by Anne Tyler
Saint Maybe is an example of how one small mistake can result in tragedy (悲剧) for a family with lives changed forever. The true strength of the novel lies in the author’s ability to write with sincerity and understanding. I’ve read this book many times over and always find it inspirational when it comes to writing my own novels about the complexities of family life.
-Eric James
Silly Verse For Kids by Spike Milligan
This book is so tiny and thin, but I loved all these funny poems inside-and it made me want to write rhymes. After reading this, I started writing my own poetry. I like including silly poems and lyrics in my books, which is definitely down to the influence of this book. It’s a book that you would read as a kid and it would really stimulate your imagination.
-Liz Pichon
Alice in Wonderland by Lewis Carroll
A book read at my father’s knee and one that inspired my imagination and shaped my writing life. My desire to fall down a rabbit hole that might take me to Wonderland surpassed (胜过) my other childhood wishes. Wonderland with its Cheshire Cat and never-ending tea parties, which were reflected in a life-long love of cats and cakes, suited me best.
-Menna van Praag
Bambi by Felix Salten
My mum read this to me before I could read, and later I read it to myself again and again. In the Suffolk countryside where I grew up, I would often spot deer in the fields. This book made me stop and study the animal tracks on the ground and made me think about the world around me in a different way, setting me on the path to being a writer.
-Polly Crosby
1. What is the advantage of Saint Maybe
A. The content of the book. B. The example in this novel.
C. The complexities of life. D. The author’s writing abilities.
2. Which book would you choose if you want to read poems
A. Saint Maybe B. Silly Verse For Kids C. Alice in Wonderland D. Bambi
3. What do the four books have in common
A. They influence the four readers greatly. B. They are mainly recommended for kids.
C. They can stimulate readers’ imagination. D. They allow readers to see the world differently.
B
When Holly Ford walked past a long-disused phone box in her home village of Cladich in 2017, an idea began to form which combined her love of baking with a new use for the box ignored by almost everyone.
Holly got permission from the community council to use the call box. “Nobody told us it wouldn’t work, but we did get a few locals who thought people would just help themselves to cakes without paying.”
These concerns proved to be wholly unfounded. The honesty box, which is located next to the bread, cookies, lemon drizzle cakes, jams, eggs and candles, has always been used correctly by customers, claims Holly, with the box remaining entirely unstaffed.
“It’s a surprisingly busy road for traffic in the summer,” Holly remarks, “and we do get quite a few notes that people leave for us saying how much they like the idea.”
Only open during the summer months, Holly has turned the box into layers of shelves for her cakes and other local produce. Able to make close to 100 a day in peak summer months, she also runs regular charity bakes in the community.
“I’m not sure the honesty box approach would work in a more urban area,” she tells me. “but for where we live it’s surprisingly easy to make something like this happen. It’s really important to put in the work on social media and to keep your self-belief in the idea.”
Holly is able to judge which cakes most tickle the taste of passing travellers with a sweet tooth. “The brownies are the most popular, always.” she tells me, “I do like expanding the range. The only thing is that I can’t get them to rise at the moment! Maybe next summer they’ll be in the box!”
4. Why is the box beside the cakes called “the honesty box”
A. Because Holly is an honest and reliable cake maker.
B. Because customers use it properly with no salesman.
C. Because the cakes and local produce are safe to buy and eat.
D. Because Holly has gained official permission for her business.
5. Which word best describes customers’ attitude towards Holly’s call box
A. Doubtful. B. Unclear. C. Tolerant. D. Favourable.
6. What does the underlined word “tickle” mean in the last paragraph
A. Satisfy. B. Affect. C. Develop. D. Change.
7. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. A way to expand business B. A profitable summer dealing
C. A new life of a phone box D. A reliable call box cake maker
C
Alaska’s Yukon River has faced major salmon shortages in recent years. Officials say record-high temperatures last year killed most salmon in the 3,200-kilometer river before the fish were able to reproduce. The losses led Alaska to stop their salmon harvests in 2021 to make sure that enough fish survived to reproduce for another year.
The poor salmon harvests caused major financial losses to private fishing companies in the area. The die-offs also hurt native communities, which traditionally store the fish as a year-round food supply.
Last month, the U.S. Department of Commerce declared a disaster for Yukon River fishing for 2020 and 2021, making aid money available. Alaska has sent emergency fish shipments to areas affected by the salmon shortages.
Scientists have mostly blamed the problems on a series of heat waves in the Bering Sea and North Pacific Ocean from 2014 to 2019. The warm ocean waters affected salmon’s living in the sea before they returned to lay eggs.
Climate change may also be affecting what the salmon are eating. Fishing experts say young salmon are likely filling up on nutrient-poor food because warmer waters drive away healthier organisms (有机物) they normally feed on. “In my opinion, the salmon are starving with climate change,” said Brooke Woods in the Yukon River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission.
The effects of climate change on freshwater environments have also been studied. Vanessa von Biela is a biologist who looked at the rivers, streams and lakes where salmon live. Her team found that Chinook salmon show heat stress at temperatures above 18℃. They start dying above 20℃. In 2019, temperatures on the Alaskan side were above 18℃ for 44 straight days, a recent study found.
The effects of warming waters can be reduced by climate-driven glacier (冰川) runoff which brings cooler water into rivers and streams. But scientists still expect salmon to begin slowly moving to new areas within Alaska. “Salmon will find a way,” said Biela. “but it’s going to be hard for communities in places where there might not be salmon anymore.”
8. What do the locals rely on salmon for
A. Food supply. B. Scientific study. C. Green tourism. D. Water improvement.
9. What did the declaration of the disaster bring about
A. Financial losses. B. Relief funds. C. Economic growth. D. Fast delivery.
10. Which of the following is the effect of climate change in Yukon River
A. No healthy organisms are left there. B. Salmon there lose the ability to lay eggs.
C. Salmon there go short of nutritious food. D. The temperature remains above 18℃ till now.
11. What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. Measures to protect salmon are effective. B. Salmon will not find a way out of the crisis.
C. The amount of salmon will increase greatly. D. Salmon are likely to leave the river for survival.
D
Beijing issued on Thursday China’s first autonomous(自动的)driving permits to two robotaxi operators-Baidu Inc and Pony.ai, which for the first time allows the removal of a safety operator from the driver’s seat on public roads in the capital.
Industry experts said the move marks a significant milestone for the autonomous ride-hailing(打车服务)industry in China, indicating an openness to taking a further step toward a fully driverless vehicle.
Since Thursday, users can hail a driverless robotaxi using the Apollo Go mobile app from 10 am to 4 pm for free, according to Baidu Inc. The driverless robotaxi is expected to hit the road around the clock within six months, said Wei Dong, vice-president of Baidu Intelligent Driving Business Group. The company is concentrating on expanding its commercial robotaxi pilot services in more cities at an early stage.
The robotaxi service provided by Pony.ai, which obtained a taxi license in Guangzhou on April 24, covers hundreds of locations, including subway stations, parks, stadiums, commercial buildings and residential areas. “The approval to operate driverless robotaxis in Beijing is a critical milestone in the change from testing driverless autonomous vehicles to offering driverless robotaxi rides to public passengers,” said Peng Jun, co-founder and CEO of Pony.ai.
Beijing is taking the lead in promoting the development of commercialized autonomous driving in China, said Zhang Xiang, a researcher at the Automobile Industry Innovation Research Center, adding that other first-tier cities, such as Shanghai and Shenzhen, might follow Beijing and allow autonomous vehicles to carry passengers in the near future.
The move will help autonomous driving companies get more testing experience of the driverless pattern, said Lyu Jinghong, an intelligent mobility analyst, adding that more tests are required to realize the goal of fully autonomous driving.
12. What’s the significance of China’s issuing autonomous driving permits
A. It proves the security of autonomous vehicles.
B. It is an significant advance in robotaxi industry.
C. The self-driving technology has been used widely.
D. Fully driverless vehicles are accessible to the public.
13. What can we know about the robotaxi service offered by Pony.ai at present
A. People can hail the driverless robotaxi free of charge.
B. It is provided for the citizens in Guangzhou at any time
C. The autonomous vehicle is in service around the nation.
D. The robotaxi service can cover a wide range of locations.
14 Which city might have the driverless robotaxi on the road in the near future
A. Beijing. B. Nanjing. C. Shanghai. D. Guangzhou.
15. What remains to be done to achieve fully autonomous driving
A. Expanding the robotaxi services to more cities.
B. Carrying out more tests on the autonomous vehicles.
C. Developing the self-driving technology to a large extent.
D. Calling for the companies to improve self-driving services.
江苏省宿迁市2020-2021学年高一下学期期末考试试卷英语试卷（解析版）
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Shopping
Europe's busiest shopping street
London is a shopper's paradise and one of the best places to go is Oxford Street. Selfridges, one of the world's first department store, is here. There are at least four other major stores and European's largest music shop. In December the Christmas lights are always switched on by a famous person. Nearby in Regent Street is Hamleys. This is the biggest toy store in the world, opened in 1881.
All things for all people
A fashionable area for shopping is Kensington High Street. You can buy clothes, cosmetics and accessories here and there's an organic food supermarket. Harrods in Knightbridge has 330 different departments and sells absolutely everything, from electronic goods and jewellery to pet food and furniture. The food hall is spectacular and if you feel hungry, you can choose from 32 different restaurants.
Markets
You can't leave London without visiting a market. One of the oldest is Borough market. Walk around and look at the fresh fish, bakeries, and fruit and vegetable sellers. You can also buy specialist food, like cheese, pork pies and chutney. For antiques, jewellery or collector’s items go to Portobello Road on a Saturday. You never know what you will find. If you like browsing for jewellery and gifts, there is nothing better than Covent Garden market. There are lots of cafes here and always some kind of street entertainment.
Outside the city
Tired of city life Most medium—sized towns in Britain have regular farmers' markets. Here local producers sell their food, drink and handicrafts—they will usually let you try the bread, cakes or wine before you buy. One market town called Totnes even introduced its own currency. Now seventy local businesses accept it.
1. Which place in London is a music fan's paradise
A. Kensington High Street. B. Regent Street.
C. Oxford Street. D. Harrods in Knightbridge.
2. Why are markets recommended to visitors
A. Because the oldest Borough market is full of snacks and vegetables.
B. Because antiques, jewellery or gifts may go beyond your expectations.
C. Because visitors can go to Portobello Road to choose antiques on Sundays.
D. Because visitors can try the local bread, cakes or wine after they buy.
3. What's the purpose of writing the passage
A. To introduce readers to Britain cultures.
B. To present readers with guidelines in life.
C. To instruct readers in the history of shops.
D. To inform readers of some specialty shops.
B
What do you do with the things you love You probably take care of them and keep them safe. That’s not what Cameron Payne does. The boy from North Carolina is sharing his love of books by giving them away.
When Cameron heard about a family who lost everything in a house fire. He was looking for a way to help them. He was sad that all of their books were destroyed. That’s when he created his program, which gives books away to people in need.
Cameron’s program collects books for young people of all ages and reading levels. He collects books for kids who are blind or with low vision, too, because he wants everyone to have books. Cameron knows that books can help kids think about their future. They do this by helping kids dream about what they might be when they grow up. Learning about new things can give kids new interests. Six years later, Cameron is still giving away books.
Many of the books he gives away were given to him by others, but Cameron’s grandmother also shops for books that don’t cost a lot. She buys books that are new or that look new. In addition to working with schools, Cameron and his grandmother give books to children in places near their home, such as hospitals, libraries, and day camps.
Cameron wants to keep his program going and growing. Over the past six years, he has given away more than 3,000 books. He has also won many prizes for his work. His program has grown over the years, too. Last Christmas, Cameron was able to give away toys and books.
Cameron Payne is making a difference in kids’ lives by giving away the things he loves. Who needs help in your community How might you help
4. What caused Cameron to create his program
A. His own books destroyed by a fire.
B. Someone’s losing all the books to a fire.
C. His house’s being consumed by a fire.
D. Somebody’s sadness about the accident.
5. What can we learn about the collected books according to paragraphs 3-4
A. Children with hearing loss can receive new books.
B. Books are given to children with advanced levels.
C. Children have no interest in new books at all.
D. Cameron’s granny makes contributions to book collection.
6. Why does the author put two questions in the last paragraph
A. Because the author wants to appeal to people’s sense of justice.
B. Because the author would like to attract readers’ interest.
C. Because the author intends to call on people to help others.
D. Because the author plans to leave a deep impression on readers.
7. Which words best describe Cameron’s personality
A. Selfish and distant. B. Selfless and helpful.
C. Passionate and hopeful. D. Confident and optimistic.
C
Back in 2011,archaeologists first discovered a lost highway littered with Viking artifacts(古器物)—sleds, horse bones, walking sticks, a 1,700—year—old sweater and heap after heap of horse dung.
But now archaeologists have discovered so much more. They've published new research describing hundreds of items that have been found along Lendbreen pass: shoes, parts of sleds, and bones from packhorses. It would have remained hidden forever had the ice not rapidly begun melting, revealing all that roadside Viking litter.
The highway winds its way over the Lendbreen ice patch(流冰区) in Norway's Jotunheim Mountains, about 200 miles north of Oslo. "The pass was at its busiest during the Viking Age around 1,000 A.D., a time of high mobility and growing trade across Scandinavia and Europe," study co—author James Barrett said.
According to researchers, the highway was possibly built around the year 300. At the time, heavy snow covered rocks underfoot. Trading posts were built along the nearby Otta River. The road may have thrived for many more centuries.
“The decline of the Lendbreen pass was probably caused by a combination of economic changes, climate change and late medieval pandemics(中世纪流行病), including the Black Death,” study co—author Lars Pilo explained. “When the local area recovered, things had changed, and the Lendbreen pass was lost to memory.”
“The objects are amazingly well preserved,” study co—author Espen Finstad added. “It is like they were lost a short time ago, not centuries or millennia ago.”
For archaeologists, the Lendbreen ice patch seems like a gift from the ancient past. But it's alarming that it's unwrapping itself so rapidly. "Global warming is leading to the melting of mountain ice worldwide," said Pilo. “Trying to save the remains of a melting world is a very exciting job—the finds are just an archaeologist's dream—but at the same time, it is also a job you cannot do without deep worry.”
8. How many archaeologists joined efforts to publish the new research
A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.
9. What does the underlined word “thrive” in paragraph 4 probably mean
A. Grow weakly. B. Develop badly.
C. Grow happily. D. Develop successfully.
10. From the last paragraph, what feeling do the archaeologists have about saving the remains of melting world
A. Excited and concerned. B. Satisfied and disappointed.
C. Delighted and depressed. D. Astonished and discouraged.
11. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. An ancient highway lost to memory. B. A history of the lost highway.
C. The mystery of the lost highway. D. How to find the ancient highway.
D
Newly released images of the Sun taken by the pace-based NASA High-resolution Coronal Imager telescope(高分辨率日冕成像仪望远镜) are the highest-resolution pictures of our star ever taken.
According to Scientists from the University of Central Lancashire and NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center, these pictures reveal that the sun's atmosphere is much more complex than first thought. Parts of the Sun's atmosphere, thought to be dark or mostly empty, are in fact filled with strands(缕)of hot electrified gases 311 miles wide. Each of those strands are up to 1.8 million degrees Fahrenheit, according to researchers. What exactly created these strands remains unclear, although it will now become a focus for researchers.
NASA's Hi-C telescope can pick out structures in the Sun's atmosphere as small as 43 miles in size---or about 0.01 per cent of the total size of the star. It was able to capture the incredibly tiny magnetic threads in the "dark areas". The Hi-C telescope is a unique astronomical telescope carried into space on a rocket flight. The telescope launches to the edge of space where it then captures images of the star every second before returning to Earth after five minutes.
Dr. Amy Winebarger, Hi-C principal investigator, stated: "These new Hi-C images give us a remarkable insight into the Sun's atmosphere. Along with ongoing missions, this fleet of space-based instrument in the near future will reveal the Sun's dynamic outer layer in a completely new light.
Scientists will debate why the strands are formed and how their presence helps us understand the eruption of solar flares (太阳耀斑) and solar storms. Those are events from the Sun that could directly affect life on Earth.
Tom Williams, a researcher who worked on the Hi-C data, said the images would help provide a greater understanding of how the Earth and Sun related to each other. “This is a fascinating discovery that could better inform our understanding of the flow of energy through the layers of the Sun and eventually down to Earth itself. This is so important if we are to model and predict the behavior of our life-giving star.” he said.
12. What can we learn from paragraph 2
A. The Sun's atmosphere was full of strands of hot electrified gases.
B. The Sun's atmosphere is considered to be filled with darkness and emptiness.
C. Scientists think the Sun's atmosphere is as complicated as what was expected.
D. Scientists now concentrate on what exactly generated these strands.
13. What do we know about the Hi-C telescope
A. It is incapable of taking the highest-resolution pictures of the Sun.
B. It can recognize the structure of the Sun's atmosphere.
C. It has been launched to the edge of the Sun on a rocket flight.
D. It is capable of capturing images of the star every five minutes.
14. Why are these new Hi-C images so remarkable
A They will make the Sun's dynamic outer layer known from a new angle.
B. They will help scientists figure out how the strands come into being.
C. They will help scientists work out why solar flares and solar storms erupt.
D. They will reveal the little effects of solar flares and solar storms on life on Earth.
15. What does the article mainly talk about
A. The importance of the Sun to Earth.
B. How scientists take pictures of the Sun.
C. The highest-resolution pictures of the Sun.
D. What functions the Hi-C telescope possesses.
江苏省宿迁市2019-2020学年高一下学期期末考试试卷英语试卷（解析版）
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The Best Fitness Apps for 2020
Whether you’re looking to slim down, run farther, bike faster or just get healthier, these apps can help you meet your fitness goals in 2020.
8fit ＄59.99 per year;$44.99 per half-year;$19.99 per month for meal plans and more workouts 8fit creates a personalized program for your diet and exercise based on the results you want to see. 8fit covers a lot of details of your fitness plan, such as what time of day you exercise and whether you’re an ambitious cook or just prefer simple meal plans.
Blogilates ＄0.99 per month for workout calendar;$0.99 for some videos Blogilates offers plenty of workouts on-demand, as well as recipes, fitness recommendations, and a healthy dose of body .The majority of the content in the app is free, although the workout calendar costs you $0.99 per month and some videos are an additional $0.99.
Charity Miles ＄12.99 per month; two-week free trial Charity Miles donates money to the organization of your choice when you use the app to record miles running, walking,or bicycling. An included calculator(计算器)shows you how much money you can raise if you meet different goals, such as getting 50 people to fund you at＄0.30 per mile.
21. Which of the following best describes 8fit
A. It presents users with simple meal recipes.
B. It costs users $19.99 every month for meals.
C. It offers users better and detailed fitness plans.
D. It meets users’ personal needs for diet and exercise.
22. What is special about Charity Miles
A. You’ll get 50 dollars per mile by using it. B. The calculator in it records your workout.
C Users raise money for charities through it. D. It provides users with services free of charge.
23. The passage is intended to
A. help people meet fitness goals B. introduce top fitness apps
C. give suggestions on keeping fit D. promote a positive lifestyle
B
I was diagnosed(诊断)with cancer last June. Finding out that I had breast cancer felt like I’d been locked up in a prison cell, but I later found something unexpected: freedom.
Tests and procedures followed. Once the daily treatments started, I was tired out. The tiredness that came with cancer was not like any kind of tiredness I’d known before.
Then the magic happened.
I started to realize that this life change had brought an unexpected gift. The usual pressures of life gave way to a different kind of stress, but it came with self-discovery. I do what I can and don’t care about the rest. With the disease, decisions come more easily, and things that I’d previously weighted more heavily no longer matter as much. I don’t need a perfect home. What does matter now is having family and friends and a husband who can shoulder this new responsibility with me.
The doctor says my situation is very good and there’s a 91 percent chance that I’ll still be alive in 10 years. I look forward to simple things like my garden this spring, and going back to work when I’m healthy again. I’m also imagining the joy of getting my quiet and modest life back. It’s inspiring and there are lots of people there with me. And the professionals are really good at what they do.
I used to wonder how it would feel to be told I had cancer. Sure, my first reaction was fear, panic, sorrow, and anger. Then I found my strength. The fear is still there, but to my amazement, I am handling it. “You got this,” people say encouragingly.
24. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 mean
A. She felt as if she had lost her freedom. B. She was unable to walk out of the cell.
C. Cancer gave her something unexpected. D. Cancer cost her the ability to move freely.
25. We can know from the article that during her treatment, the author
A. was too tired to bear the treatment any more B. found that she could handle the treatment easily
C. grew more peaceful and valued her family more D. learned to be in a good state and free of pressure
26. What is the author’s attitude towards her future life
A. Positive. B. Hopeless. C. Doubtful. D. Concerned.
27. What is the main purpose of this article
A. To help people learn to let go of stress in life. B. To remind people to take care of their bodies.
C. To encourage people to shoulder responsibilities. D. To inspire people to learn from her experiences.
C
An experiment which saw salad seeds sent into space has given hope for the future of growing food on another planet, according to a recently-published study.
The findings have appeared after two kilograms of seeds spent six months on board the International Space Station(ISS)with British European Space Agency(ESA)astronaut, Tim Peake, as part of his Principia mission.
There, the seeds could have absorbed up to 100 times more radiation(辐射)than on Earth while being influenced by the violent shaking from the stresses of space travel.
When the seeds returned to Earth in 2016,600,000 children from schools across Britain took part in an experiment, supported by the UK Space Agency, to plant them and monitor their growth, comparing it to that of seeds that had remained on Earth.
The results showed that, while the space seeds grew more slowly and were more sensitive to ageing, they were still able to survive.
Peake said, “When humans travel to Mars, they will need to find ways to feed themselves, and this research helps us understand some of the biology of seed storage and germination(发芽) which will be important for future space missions.”
The Royal Horticultural Society(RHS)tasked 8,600 schools and groups across Britain to take part in the controlled study, recording their results as a scientist would.
It was part of a project called Rocket Science, led by the RHS Campaign for School Gardening, in partnership with the UK Space Agency.
RHS manager Alana Cama said, “The Rocket Science experiment opened a window into space biology and allowed young people to be at the forefront of creative research.”
“This research project did more than just inspire; it furthered our understanding of the challenges around growing plants in unusual environments and the possibility of growing food on long-term space missions in the future. Inspiring a new generation of botanists and biologists will remain our goal to enrich everyone’s lives through plants.”
28. The findings of the experiment indicate that
A. salad seeds sent into space turned out a failure
B. astronauts successfully grew salad seeds on Mars
C. the future of growing plants in space looks bright
D. the radiation makes it impossible for plants to survive
29. Unlike those on Earth, the seeds sent into space
A. can grow 100 times larger in size B. provide enough food for astronauts
C. stop growing when returning to Earth D. are more likely to show signs of ageing
30. Which word can be filled in the blank to complete the research steps
A. update B. observe C. protect D. improve
31. What can we learn from what Alana Cama said
A. Growing plants in unusual environments is no longer a challenging task.
B. A new generation of botanists and biologists takes the lead in the research.
C. The project inspires the interests of the young generation in creative fields.
D. The exploration of growing food in space is the central mission in the future.
D
We already know that a lack of sleep will actually prevent your brain from being able to make new memories. You end up feeling as though you’re amnesiac.
A lack of sleep will lead to an increased development of a protein in the brain connected with Alzheimer’s disease because it is during deep sleep at night that a system within the brain starts to wash away this protein. So if you’re not getting enough sleep each and every night, more of that Alzheimer’s-related protein will build up. The more protein that builds up, the greater your risk of developing Alzheimer will be in later life.
What are the effects of the lack of sleep on the body We know that a lack of sleep impacts your immune system(免疫系统).After just one night of four to five hours of sleep, there is a 70%reduction in immune cells called natural killer cells. And that’s the reason that short sleep predicts your risk for developing many forms of cancer.
In fact, the link between a lack of sleep and cancer is now so strong that recently the World Health Organization decided to classify any form of nighttime shift work as a probable cause of cancer. It is during deep sleep at night that your heart rate drops, your blood pressure goes down. If you’re not getting enough sleep, your blood pressure rises. If you’re getting six hours of sleep or less, you’ll have a 200%increased risk of having a deadly heart attack or stroke in your lifetime.
There is a global experiment that is performed on 1.6 billion people twice a year and it’s called daylight savings time. And we know that in the spring, when we lose one hour of sleep, we see a 24%increase in heart attacks the following day.
Another question, perhaps, is what is the recycle rate of a human being How long can we actually last without sleep before we start to see worsening in your brain function And the answer seems to be about 16 hours of wakefulness. Once you get past 16 hours of being awake, that’s when we start to see mental and physical damages in the body. We know that after you’ve been awake for 19 or 20 hours, your mental capacity(心智能力)is so damaged that you would be as slow as someone who was drunk. So if you were to ask me what is the recycle rate of a human being, it does seem to be about 16 hours and we need about eight hours of sleep to repair the damage of wakefulness.
32. The underlined word “amnesiac” in Paragraph 1 probably means
A. sleepy B. tolerant C. relieved D. forgetful
33. According to the article, we can infer that_
A. the more you sleep, the more protein there will be
B. you’re more likely to suffer heart attacks in the spring
C. deep sleep at night protects you from a harmful protein
D. you’ll develop many forms of cancer due to short sleep
34. When you’re awake over 16 hours, .
A. your brain won’t function in a proper way B. your brain needs at least 8 hours to recover
C. you must have drunk large amounts of wine D. you walk as slowly as the physically disabled
35. What is the best title for the passage
A. Sleeping sickness kills B. Enough sleep counts
C. Less sleep causes cancer D. Sleep is necessary for man
答案：
江苏省宿迁市2021-2022学年高一下学期期末考试试卷英语试卷（解析版）
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是四个人对四本书的评价。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Saint Maybe by Anne Tyler部分的“The true strength of the novel lies in the author’s ability to write with sincerity and understanding.(小说的真正优点在于作者带着真诚和理解来写作的能力。)”可知，Saint Maybe的优势是作者的写作能力。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Silly Verse For Kids by Spike Milligan部分的“This book is so tiny and thin, but I loved all these funny poems inside-and it made me want to write rhymes.(这本书又小又薄，但我喜欢里面所有有趣的诗歌——它让我想写押韵诗。)”可知，如果你想读诗，你会选择Silly Verse For Kids，故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Saint Maybe by Anne Tyler部分的“I’ve read this book many times over and always find it inspirational when it comes to writing my own novels about the complexities of family life.(这本书我已经读了很多遍，当我要写关于家庭生活复杂性的小说时，我总是觉得它很有灵感。)”，Silly Verse For Kids by Spike Milligan部分的“After reading this, I started writing my own poetry.(读了这篇文章后，我开始写自己的诗。)”，Alice in Wonderland by Lewis Carroll部分的“A book read at my father’s knee and one that inspired my imagination and shaped my writing life.(这本书在我父亲的膝上阅读，它激发了我的想象力，塑造了我的写作生涯。)”和Bambi by Felix Salten部分的“This book made me stop and study the animal tracks on the ground and made me think about the world around me in a different way, setting me on the path to being a writer.(这本书让我停下来研究地上的动物足迹，让我用不同的方式思考我周围的世界，让我走上了成为作家的道路。)”可知，这四本书的共同点在于对这四位读者的影响很大。故选A。
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是Holly Ford将一个废弃已久的电话亭变为出售她的蛋糕和其他当地农产品的地方的事情。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“with the box remaining entirely unstaffed(这个电话亭里根本没有人。)”可知，蛋糕旁边的电话亭叫“诚实电话亭”是因为顾客在没有销售员的情况下也能正确使用它。故选B。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的“we do get quite a few notes that people leave for us saying how much they like the idea(我们确实收到了很多人留下的留言，说他们有多喜欢这个想法)”可知，顾客对Holly电话亭的态度是赞成的，故选D。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据最后一段的“The brownies are the most popular(布朗尼蛋糕总是最受欢迎的)”可知，Holly判断出什么蛋糕最受人欢迎，也就是最能满足过路旅客的口味，因此划线词tickle的意思是“满足”，和Satisfy意思相近，故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“When Holly Ford walked past a long-disused phone box in her home village of Cladich in 2017, an idea began to form which combined her love of baking with a new use for the box ignored by almost everyone.(2017年，霍莉·福特(Holly Ford)在家乡Cladich路过一个废弃已久的电话亭时，她萌生了一个想法，将自己对烘焙的热爱与这个几乎被所有人忽视的电话亭的新用途结合起来。)”可知，本文主要讲的是Holly Ford将一个废弃已久的电话亭变为出售她的蛋糕和其他当地农产品的地方的事情，也就是一个废弃已久的电话亭获得了新生，C选项“A new life of a phone box(电话亭的新生活)”可作为最好的题目，故选C。
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是阿拉斯加育空河近年来面临鲑鱼严重短缺的问题，科学家们大多将这些问题归咎于气候变化。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“The die-offs also hurt native communities, which traditionally store the fish as a year-round food supply.(这些鱼类的死亡也对当地社区造成了伤害，当地传统上储存这些鱼类作为全年的食物供应。)”可知，当地人靠鲑鱼来作为食物供应，故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“Last month, the U.S. Department of Commerce declared a disaster for Yukon River fishing for 2020 and 2021, making aid money available.(上个月，美国商务部宣布育空河渔业在2020年和2021年处于灾难状态，使得援助资金被获得。)”可知，灾难的声明带来了救援资金。故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段的“Climate change may also be affecting what the salmon are eating. Fishing experts say young salmon are likely filling up on nutrient-poor food because warmer waters drive away healthier organisms they normally feed on.(气候变化也可能影响鲑鱼的饮食。渔业专家说，年幼的鲑鱼可能会吃营养不良的食物，因为温暖的海水赶走了它们通常赖以为生的健康生物。)”可知，Yukon River的气候变化的影响是那里的鲑鱼缺乏营养食物。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“But scientists still expect salmon to begin slowly moving to new areas within Alaska.(但科学家仍然预计鲑鱼会开始缓慢地迁移到阿拉斯加的新地区。)”可知，鲑鱼很可能为了生存而离开这条河流。故选D。
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了北京向两家机器人出租车运营商——百度公司和小马——发放了中国首个自动驾驶许可证。这一举措标志着中国自动叫车行业的一个重要里程碑，表明中国对进一步实现完全无人驾驶汽车持开放态度。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Industry experts said the move marks a significant milestone for the autonomous ride-hailing(打车服务)industry in China, indicating an openness to taking a further step toward a fully driverless vehicle.(行业专家表示，这一举措标志着中国自动叫车行业的一个重要里程碑，表明中国对进一步实现完全无人驾驶汽车持开放态度。)”可推断，这一举措意义非凡。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“The robotaxi service provided by Pony.ai, which obtained a taxi license in Guangzhou on April 24, covers hundreds of locations, including subway stations, parks, stadiums, commercial buildings and residential areas.( Pony.ai提供的机器人出租车服务，于4月24日在广州获得了出租车牌照，覆盖了数百个地点，包括地铁站、公园、体育场、商业建筑和住宅区。)”可知，Pony.ai所提供的机器人出租车服务，其服务面积广泛。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“Beijing is taking the lead in promoting the development of commercialized autonomous driving in China, said Zhang Xiang, a researcher at the Automobile Industry Innovation Research Center, adding that other first-tier cities, such as Shanghai and Shenzhen, might follow Beijing and allow autonomous vehicles to carry passengers in the near future.(汽车产业创新研究中心研究员张翔表示，北京正在率先推动中国商业化自动驾驶的发展，并补充说，上海和深圳等其他一线城市可能会效仿北京，在不久的将来允许自动驾驶车辆载客。)”可知，北京在这方面走在前沿，所以未来最有可能路上有无人驾驶计程车的是北京。故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The move will help autonomous driving companies get more testing experience of the driverless pattern, said Lyu Jinghong, an intelligent mobility analyst, adding that more tests are required to realize the goal of fully autonomous driving.(智能出行分析师吕景宏表示，此举将帮助自动驾驶公司获得更多的无人驾驶模式测试经验，并补充称，要实现完全自动驾驶的目标，还需要进行更多测试。)”可推断，想要完全实现无人驾驶计程车，还需要进行更多的测试。故选B。
江苏省宿迁市2020-2021学年高一下学期期末考试试卷英语试卷（解析版）
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了伦敦的一些特色商店。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Europe's busiest shopping street”部分第三句“There are at least four other major stores and European's largest music shop.”(至少还有其他四家大型商店和欧洲最大的音像店。)和第一句 “London is a shopper's paradise and one of the best places to go is Oxford Street.”(伦敦是购物者的天堂，牛津街是最好的去处之一。)可知，在伦敦牛津街是乐迷的天堂。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Markets”部分第五句到第七句“For antiques, jewellery or collector’s items go to Portobello Road on a Saturday. You never know what you will find. If you like browsing for jewellery and gifts, there is nothing better than Covent Garden market.”(对于古董、珠宝或收藏品，请在周六前往Portobello路。你永远不知道你会发现什么。如果你喜欢浏览珠宝和礼物，没有什么比考文特花园市场更好的了。)可知，向游客推荐市场是因为古董、珠宝或礼物可能超出预期。故选B。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Europe's busiest shopping street”部分第二句“Selfridges, one of the world's first department store, is here.”(世界上最早的百货公司之一塞尔弗里奇就在这里。)，第三句 “There are at least four other major stores and European's largest music shop.”(至少还有其他四家大型商店和欧洲最大的音像店。)，最后两句“Nearby in Regent Street is Hamleys. This is the biggest toy store in the world, opened in 1881. ”(摄政街附近是哈姆雷。这是世界上最大的玩具店，1881年开业。)，“All things for all people”部分第三句“Harrods in Knightbridge has 330 different departments and sells absolutely everything, from electronic goods and jewellery to pet food and furniture.”(奈特布里奇的哈罗德百货公司有330个不同的部门，销售的东西应有尽有，从电子产品和珠宝到宠物食品和家具。)等可知，文章的目的是向读者介绍一些特色商店。故选D。
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个来自北卡罗来纳州的男孩Cameron Payne通过送书的方式来分享他对书籍的热爱。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“When Cameron heard about a family who lost everything in a house fire. He was looking for a way to help them. He was sad that all of their books were destroyed. That’s when he created his program, which gives books away to people in need. (当Cameron听说有一家人在一场火灾中失去了一切。他在想办法帮助他们。他很伤心他们所有的书都被毁了。就在那时，他创建了一个项目，把书送给有需要的人)”可知，因为有人在火灾中失去了所有的书，所以Cameron创建了这个项目。故选B项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Many of the books he gives away were given to him by others, but Cameron’s grandmother also shops for books that don’t cost a lot. She buys books that are new or that look new. (Cameron赠送的很多书都是别人送给他的，但Cameron的祖母也会自己买不贵的书。她买新的或看起来新的书)”可知，Cameron的祖母为收集书本做了贡献。故选D项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Cameron wants to keep his program going and growing. (Cameron想让他的项目继续发展下去)”和最后一段中“Who needs help in your community How might you help (社区中谁需要帮助？你能帮上什么忙？)”可知，作者在最后一段提出了两个问题是因为作者想号召人们去帮助别人。故选C项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“The boy from North Carolina is sharing his love of books by giving them away. (这个来自北卡罗来纳州的男孩通过送书的方式来分享他对书籍的热爱)”和最后一段的“Over the past six years, he has given away more than 3,000 books. （在过去的六年里，他已经捐赠了超过3000本书）”可知Cameron是无私的；第三段中“Cameron knows that books can help kids think about their future. They do this by helping kids dream about what they might be when they grow up. Learning about new things can give kids new interests. (Cameron知道，书籍可以帮助孩子们思考他们的未来。它们帮助孩子梦想他们长大后可能成为什么样的人。学习新事物能给孩子们带来新的兴趣)”和最后一段中“Cameron Payne is making a difference in kids’ lives by giving away the things he loves. (Cameron Payne通过分享他所爱的东西改变了孩子们的生活)”可知Cameron是乐于助人的，因此，Cameron是一个无私和乐于助人的人。故选B项。
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. A 11. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了考古学家首次发现一条遗失在记忆中的古老公路。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三、五和六段分别提到study co—author(研究合著者)：James Barrett、Lars Pilo和Espen Finstad，所以是三名考古学家参与了这项新研究。故选C。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第四段划线词前句“According to researchers, the highway was possibly built around the year 300. At the time, heavy snow covered rocks underfoot. Trading posts were built along the nearby Otta River. (据研究人员称，这条公路可能是在300年左右修建的。 当时，大雪覆盖了脚下的岩石。 贸易站建在附近的奥塔河。 )”可推断，这条路可能已经繁荣了好几个世纪。所以thrived为“成功地发展”之意。故选D。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“"Global warming is leading to the melting of mountain ice worldwide," said Pilo. “Trying to save the remains of a melting world is a very exciting job—the finds are just an archaeologist's dream—but at the same time, it is also a job you cannot do without deep worry.” (“全球变暖正在导致世界各地的高山冰融化。”皮洛说：“试图拯救这个正在融化的世界的遗迹是一项非常激动人心的工作——发现这些遗迹只是考古学家的梦想——但同时，这也是一项你不能不忧心忡忡的工作。”)”可知，考古学家对拯救正在融化的世界的遗迹既兴奋又担心。故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Back in 2011,archaeologists first discovered a lost highway littered with Viking artifacts(古器物)—sleds, horse bones, walking sticks, a 1,700—year—old sweater and heap after heap of horse dung.( 早在2011年，考古学家首次发现了一条失落的公路，上面散落着维京时代的文物——雪橇、马骨、手杖、一件1700年前的毛衣和一堆又一堆的马粪。)”、第五段“When the local area recovered, things had changed, and the Lendbreen pass was lost to memory. (“当当地恢复元气时，情况发生了变化，伦布林山口消失在人们的记忆中。)”及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了考古学家首次发现一条遗失在记忆中的古老公路。故选A。
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。本文主要讲述了最新公布由高分辨率日冕成像仪望远镜拍摄到的分辨率最高的太阳图片，它们以全新的方式揭示太阳的动态外层。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“What exactly created these strands remains unclear, although it will now become a focus for researchers.(究竟是什么造成了这些丝还不清楚，不过这将成为研究人员的焦点。)”可推知，科学家们现在集中研究是什么产生了这些一缕缕的炽热的带电气体，故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“NASA's Hi-C telescope can pick out structures in the Sun's atmosphere as small as 43 miles in size---or about 0.01 per cent of the total size of the star. (NASA的Hi-C望远镜可以识别出太阳大气中的小到43英里(约为太阳总大小的0.01%)的结构。)”可知，它能识别太阳大气层的结构。故选B。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“These new Hi-C images give us a remarkable insight into the Sun's atmosphere. Along with ongoing missions, this fleet of space-based instrument in the near future will reveal the Sun's dynamic outer layer in a completely new light.( 这些新的高温图像让我们对太阳的大气层有了深刻的了解。随着正在进行的任务，在不久的将来，这批太空仪器将以全新的方式揭示太阳的动态外层。)”可知，这些新的Hi - C图像是值得瞩目的，因为它们将从一个新的角度了解太阳的动态外层，故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Newly released images of the Sun taken by the pace-based NASA High-resolution Coronal Imager telescope(高分辨率日冕成像仪望远镜) are the highest-resolution pictures of our star ever taken.( 最新公布的太阳图像是由NASA高分辨率日冕成像仪拍摄的，这是迄今为止拍摄到的分辨率最高的太阳图像。)”可知，本文主要讲述了最新公布由高分辨率日冕成像仪望远镜拍摄到的分辨率最高的太阳图片。故选C。
江苏省宿迁市2019-2020学年高一下学期期末考试试卷英语试卷（解析版）
【21~23题答案】
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了三种健身应用程序的情况，包括价格和特色等信息。
【21题详解】
推理判断题。根据8fit部分中8fit covers a lot of details of your fitness plan, such as what time of day you exercise and whether you’re an ambitious cook or just prefer simple meal plans.可知8fit涵盖了你健身计划的很多细节，比如你每天什么时候锻炼，你是一个有野心的厨师还是只是喜欢简单的饮食计划。由此可推知，D选项“满足用户的个人饮食和运动需求”的描述最符合8fit。故选D。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Charity Miles部分中An included calculator(计算器)shows you how much money you can raise if you meet different goals…可知程序中包括在内的计算可以告诉你，如果你达到了不同的目标，你可以筹到多少钱……由此可知，Charity Miles的特别之处是用户通过它为慈善机构筹集资金。故选C。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段Whether you’re looking to slim down, run farther, bike faster or just get healthier, these apps can help you meet your fitness goals in 2020.可知无论你是想减肥，还是想跑得更远，骑得更快，还是只想变得更健康，这些应用程序都能帮助你在2020年实现健身目标。结合文章主要介绍了三种健身应用程序的情况，由此可推知，这篇文章旨在介绍健身应用程序。故选B。
【24~27题答案】
【答案】24. A 25. C 26. A 27. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者主要记叙了自己得了乳腺癌后生活产生的一些变化，在作者的治疗过程中，作者变得更加平静，更加重视她的家庭。开始对未来充满希望，也希望自己的经历可以激励他人。
【24题详解】
句意猜测题。根据后文but I later found something unexpected: freedom.可知但后来我发现了意想不到的东西：自由。but表示转折，由此可知，当作者发现自己得了乳腺癌时，感觉就像被关在监狱里一样，觉得好像失去了自由，即划线句子意思为“她觉得好像失去了自由”。故选A。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中With the disease, decisions come more easily, and things that I’d previously weighted more heavily no longer matter as much. I don’t need a perfect home. What does matter now is having family and friends and a husband who can shoulder this new responsibility with me.可知有了疾病，我更容易做出决定，以前加重我负担的事情也不再那么重要了。我不需要一个完美的家。现在最重要的是有家人和朋友，还有一个能和我一起承担这个新责任的丈夫。由此可知，在作者的治疗过程中，作者变得更加平静，更加重视她的家庭。故选C。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中I look forward to simple things like my garden this spring, and going back to work when I’m healthy again. I’m also imagining the joy of getting my quiet and modest life back.可知我期待着一些简单的事情，比如今年春天我的花园，等我恢复健康后再回去工作。我也在想象回到我平静朴素的生活的快乐。由此可推知，作者对她未来的生活是积极的态度。故选A。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段I used to wonder how it would feel to be told I had cancer. Sure, my first reaction was fear, panic, sorrow, and anger. Then I found my strength. The fear is still there, but to my amazement, I am handling it. “You got this,” people say encouragingly.可知我曾经很想知道当我被告知自己得了癌症时是什么感觉。当然，我的第一反应是恐惧、恐慌、悲伤和愤怒。然后我找到了我的力量。恐惧仍然存在，但令我惊讶的是，我正在处理它。“你赢了，”人们鼓励地说。结合作者主要记叙了自己得了乳腺癌后生活产生的一些变化，在作者的治疗过程中，作者变得更加平和，更加重视她的家庭。开始对未来充满希望，也希望自己的经历可以激励他人。由此可推知，这篇文章的主要目的是激励人们从她的经历中学习。故选D。
【28~31题答案】
【答案】28. C 29. D 30. B 31. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了根据最近发表的一项研究，一项将沙拉种子送入太空的实验给在另一个星球种植食物的未来带来了希望。文章介绍了对种子的研究步骤以及这些太空种子的一些特点，和人们对这个项目的一些看法。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段An experiment which saw salad seeds sent into space has given hope for the future of growing food on another planet, according to a recently-published study.可知根据最近发表的一项研究，一项将沙拉种子送入太空的实验给在另一个星球种植食物的未来带来了希望。由此可推知，实验结果表明，在太空种植植物的前景是光明的。故选C。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段The results showed that, while the space seeds grew more slowly and were more sensitive to ageing, they were still able to survive.可知结果表明，尽管太空种子生长速度较慢，对老化更敏感，但它们仍然能够存活。由此可知，与地球上的种子不同，送入太空的种子更有可能出现衰老的迹象。故选D。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段When the seeds returned to Earth in 2016,600,000 children from schools across Britain took part in an experiment, supported by the UK Space Agency, to plant them and monitor their growth, comparing it to that of seeds that had remained on Earth.可知当这些种子在2016年返回地球时，来自英国各地学校的60万名儿童参加了一项由英国航天局资助的实验，种植它们并监测它们的生长，并将其与留在地球上的种子进行比较。由此可推知，研究步骤为：将种子送入太空、将他们带回地球、观察他们的生长状态和作比较。A. update更新；B. observe观察；C. protect保护；D. improve改善。即空格处应填“observe”。故选B。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段RHS manager Alana Cama said, “The Rocket Science experiment opened a window into space biology and allowed young people to be at the forefront of creative research.”可知RHS经理Alana Cama说：“火箭科学实验打开了一扇通向太空生物学的窗户，让年轻人走在创造性研究的前沿。”以及最后一段 “This research project did more than just inspire; it furthered our understanding of the challenges around growing plants in unusual environments and the possibility of growing food on long-term space missions in the future. Inspiring a new generation of botanists and biologists will remain our goal to enrich everyone’s lives through plants.”可知“这个研究项目不仅激发了人们的灵感;它进一步加深了我们对在不寻常环境中种植植物所面临的挑战的理解，以及未来在长期太空任务中种植食物的可能性。激励新一代的植物学家和生物学家，我们的目标仍然是通过植物丰富每个人的生活。”由此可推知，从Alana Cama的话中，我们能了解到项目激发年轻一代对创意领域的兴趣。故选C。
【32~35题答案】
【答案】32. D 33. C 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章说明了睡眠不足实际上会阻止大脑产生新的记忆。你最终会觉得自己好像患有健忘症。介绍了睡眠不足对身体的不良影响。
【32题详解】
词义猜测题。根据上文We already know that a lack of sleep will actually prevent your brain from being able to make new memories.可知我们已经知道，睡眠不足实际上会阻止大脑产生新的记忆。由此可知，本句为上一句的结果，表示睡眠不足最终会导致你觉得自己很健忘。划线单词意思为“健忘的”。A. sleepy困倦的；B. tolerant宽容的；C. relieved放心的；D. forgetful健忘的。故选D。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中A lack of sleep will lead to an increased development of a protein in the brain connected with Alzheimer’s disease because it is during deep sleep at night that a system within the brain starts to wash away this protein.可知睡眠不足会导致大脑中一种与阿尔茨海默氏症有关的蛋白质的增加，因为只有在晚上深度睡眠时，大脑中的系统才会开始清除这种蛋白质。由此可推知，晚上深度睡眠可以保护你免受有害蛋白质的伤害。故选C。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中How long can we actually last without sleep before we start to see worsening in your brain function And the answer seems to be about 16 hours of wakefulness. Once you get past 16 hours of being awake, that’s when we start to see mental and physical damages in the body. We know that after you’ve been awake for 19 or 20 hours, your mental capacity(心智能力)is so damaged that you would be as slow as someone who was drunk.可知在我们的大脑功能开始恶化之前，我们能坚持多久不睡觉呢？答案似乎是16个小时的清醒状态。一旦你醒来超过16个小时，我们就会开始看到身体的精神和生理损伤。我们知道，在你醒来19或20个小时后，你的思维能力会受到严重损害，你会像喝醉了酒的人一样行动迟缓。由此可知，当你清醒超过16个小时，你的大脑就不能正常运转了。故选A。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段We already know that a lack of sleep will actually prevent your brain from being able to make new memories. You end up feeling as though you’re amnesiac.可知我们已经知道，睡眠不足实际上会阻止大脑产生新的记忆。你最终会觉得自己好像患有健忘症。结合文章主要介绍了睡眠不足对人体产生的不良影响。由此可知，B选项“充足的睡眠很重要”最符合文章标题。故选B。

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