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语法填空题型解读
英语语法填空是在篇章层面上考查英语语言基础知识运用能力的一种题型,是阅读理解和知识运用能力有机结合的测试形式。该题型既要求学生具有良好的阅读理解能力,又要具备扎实的英语基本功。
Practice and observe
The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence 61 they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been 62 (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.
Modem methods 63 tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s,and are expensive 64 (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut 65 (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a
66 (believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by
67 (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human
settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are 68 (high) than
they actually are. Of 69 nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations,
three are declining, six 70 (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack
enough data. （2019年全国卷Ⅰ）
that
poorly
of/for
to perform
have reported
belief
noting
higher
the
are
Finding 1:题型设置
1.通常语法填空题有提示词的以____个空居多,
主要考查实词（content words)；
2.没有提示词的大多设有_____空，
主要考查虚词（function words)
7
3
Observe and find
While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence 61 they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada.
Modem methods 63 tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s.
Of 69 nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six are...
(2019年全国卷Ⅰ)
that
of/for
the
Observe and find
We were first greeted with the barking by a pack
63 dogs，seven to be exact.
They were well trained by their masters 64 had great experience with caring for these animals.
I work not because I have to, 67 because I want to.”
(2019年全国卷III)
Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 66 showed a mere five to 10 minutes A day of running reduced...
(2018年全国卷Ⅰ)
of
who
which/that
but
Finding 2: 考点
主要考查虚词（function words)
每空填写_____ 个单词，
以______、______、和_______词为主.
1
冠词
介词
连接
考
什
么
？
考点一：冠词
Before_____ grand military parade at the Tian'anmen Square, Chinese President Xi Jinping inspected the armed forces in ___ open-roof Red Flag limo(豪华轿车) on Tuesday.
Three Red Flag limos drove eastward along Chang'an Avenue(长安街) during the inspection of the armed forces.
However, some shrp-eyed netizens spotted ___ special detail on two of the vehicles'license plates(车牌照).
In ___ word, the phrase “License plates numbers of the limousines are 1949 and 2019” has been read more than 440 million times on Sino Weibo Since first being seen this nmorning.
the
an
a
a
冠词方法点拨：
1.______前面，如果没有限定词（冠词、形容词性
物主代词、不定代词），则很有可能是填冠词.
2.如果表示泛指，意为“一个” ，“又一个”，
或“每一” 时，用冠词________;
3.如果表示特指，意为“这个， 那个”或者表示
最高级时，用冠词_____;
4.同时，也要注意如 as a matter of fact等这样的
冠词的____________。
a/an
名词
the
固定搭配
冠词的常见固定搭配
all of a sudden in the middleof
in a word to tell the truth
in a hury at the same time
as a result by the way
put an end to make the most of
make a difference one... the other
for a while in the distance
have a good time in the end
Practice1
1. Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside
for___ while, or doing something you enjoy.
2. Brain is gifted in writing music; he is very likely to be
___ Beethoven.
3. I used to be ____ overweight girl, weighing 70kg in
junior high.
4. Life is like an ocean; only ____ strong-willed can reach
the other shore.
5. By ____ time they remember to eat, they seem extremely
hungry and eat quickly.
6. As we all know, it’s one of ____ nicest parks in the
country.
a
a
an
the
the
the
考点二：介词
Chinese moviegoers set a box office(票房) record for the eve of the weeklong National Day holiday _____ Monday, with taking more than twice of the previous record, according ____ several industry trackers.
By 9:30pm, films released on Monday had raked in(迅速获得) 630 million yuan, shattering the previous Sept 30 record of 280 million yuan for the whole day ____ China in 2017.
The major blockbusters(大片) contributing _____ the box office record were three new releases -- My People, My Country, The Captain, The Climbers-- which all opened simultaneously on Monday.
to
in
on
to
介词方法点拨：
空格后面是___________________,不是充当主语、表语也不是充当动词的宾语时，空格处应该填介词。
名词、动名词或代词
如何攻破介词难关？
介词的固有属性
介词的固定搭配
1.介词的固有属性：
类别 例词
时间介词 at(在), about(大约), after(在...之后), before(在...之前), by(到...为止), during(在...期间), from(从) , for(...时间段), in(在), on(在), until(直到...为止), since(自从)
地点介词 among(在...之间), at(在), below(在...下方), behind(在...后面), beside(在...旁边), between(在...之间), by(在), from(从), into(到...里), near(在...附近), onto(到...之上), off(离开), on(在...上面), towards(朝...), through(穿过), throughout(遍及), to(到), up(向上), under(在...下面), within(在...里), above(在...上方)
原因介词 because of(由于), for(因为), at(因为), with(因为)
条件介词 but for(要不是), considering(鉴于), in case of(万一)
比较介词 as(像), like(像), over(超过), to(与...相比)
其他介词 about(关于), on(关于), of(具有), with(带有), without(没有), except(除...以外), besides(除...以外), instead of(代替), but(除...以外)
介词的意义用法
1. He succeeded ______ his wildest dreams.
2. Chengyang Wind and Rain Bridge (广西程阳风雨桥）was built _______ any nails; instead, people used many pieces of wood.
3. That night, I heard the rain beating _______ the window.
4. The little match girl earned her living _____ selling matches.
5. _____ a family of eight to support, the man could not enjoy himself with ice cream.
against
without
beyond
by
With
2.积累介词的常见搭配：
with the help of concentrate on
at present be of importance
judge from/by look forward to
by accident come up with
result in 导致 make fun of
on foot be curious about
for one thing give up放弃
as a matter of fact remind sb of sth
in memory of ask for
out of control apply to sb for sth
Why do I want to go to college
Why do I want to go to college Many times I have asked
myself this question. I have come up _______ a whole variety of reasons. The most important reason is that I want to be a better man. Education makes a big difference ____ human beings. Good colleges and universities can provide me _____all-around education. I know one can get educated in many ways, but colleges and universities are _______ the best places to teach me how to educate myself. Only when I am
well-educated will I become a better man and will better fit ____ the society.
with
in
to
with
Practice2
among
考点三：连词
_____the new China was founded, every October 1st has been celebrated by Chinese people. There will be a variety of grand ceremonies and activities in China during National Day, like flag-raising ceremonies ____ releasing dove of peace. What’s more, the China National Day military parade ______ starts at 10:00 in the morning on October 1st is one of the most exciting parts. ______ attracts me most is the fantastic fireworks held nationwide in all cities. By the way, ___one loves shopping, National Day holiday is a great time, _______many shopping malls offer big discounts during the holiday. Chinese National Day holiday is a golden time ______ people head for different regions and tourist attractions to enjoy the great rivers and mountains of China.
Since
and
which
What
if
because
when
连词方法点拨
连
词
并列连词
（and, but, or)
从属连词(what,which, how, when, because ...)
引导词
连词方法点拨1：
若两个或几个单词或短语之间没有连词，可能是填_____、______ 或_____ 这样的连词。
In much of Asia， especially the so-called “ rice bowl” cultures of China, Japan, Korea, _______ Vietnam, food is usually eaten with Chopsticks.
and
and
but
or
连接词方法点拨2：
若______（一个主谓关系算一个句子）之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，并且形式为“____完整句,完整句。”时，必填从属连词。
1. you are ill, I will go alone.
2. the Internet is of great help, I still don’t suggest spending too much time on it.
3. _________ I want to do in the future is to be a teacher.
If
Although/Though/While
两句
What
从属连词，引导条件状语从句
从属连词，引导让步状语从句
从属连词，引导主语从句
连接词方法点拨3：
若______（一个主谓关系算一个句子）之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，并且形式为“完整句， 完整句。”时，先考虑并列连词，再考虑从属连词。
1. Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius
(孔子）,_______ lived from roughly 551to 479BC, influenced the development of chopsticks .
2. There were many people waiting at the bus stop, _______ some of them looked very anxious.
who
and
两句
记忆口诀：
语法连词真有趣， 首先要把并列记；
and、but一定提， otherwise不能弃。
并列连词不合适， 从属连词跑来替；
时状三个要牢记， when while as当时候，
before在前after后， until知道也要有。
如果（if）不行除非上， 条件状语不能忘。
因为所以有很多， 随便一个往上放。
尽管不能连但是， as必须要倒装。
熟记这些常用词， 语法高分等你创。
如何判断从句类型？
空格前是名词
定语从句
同位语从句
主语从句
状语从句
宾语从句
表语从句
空格前是及物动词
空格前是系动词
空格位于句首
名
词
性
从
句
连词方法点拨总结：
无提示词
两套主谓结构
两套并列成分
(句子或词)
从属
连词
从句类型
（名从，定从，状从）
2. 成分（主/宾/表/定/状）
3. 意义
并列
连词
逻辑关系
顺承:and
转折:but/otherwise/
or
选择:or
My mother insisted 1 everyone in her life treat her with respect.
2 she wasn't wealthy 3 well educated,
my mother not only understood and appreciated her value, 4 believed in it strongly. ___5_____ she learned my father was cheating
on her, she insisted that he move out of our home. Not the next day
or the next week. To me, as a child, __6___she refused to take my
father back seemed harsh, even cruel. As a woman, ____7___, I havecome to understand it. For my mother, putting Daddy out of the
house___8__her life wasn't about pride; it was about principle. The one
had always lived by, the one _____9_____ she believed in with all her heart. No one was going to love and respect you __10___ you loved and respected yourself.
Practice 3
that
Although/Though/While
or
but
When
that
however
and
who/whom
unless
1.A few hours ____________, I had been at home in Hongkong, with its choking smog. (2015年全国卷Ⅰ)
2.Then the driver stood up and asked, “ ______anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop ” (2014年全国卷II)
3.If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give a try. (2018年全国卷Ⅰ)
Observe and find
earlier/ before
Did
it
Finding 3：
无提示词除了主要考查冠词、介词和连接词外，有时候也会考查_____、_____、或________________等。
副词
代词
助动词/情态动词
代词方法点拨：
1.主要考查人称代词，不定代词，连接代词，指示代词等。
2.缺少主语或者宾语的空格一定填代词，当主语和宾语是同一人称时，宾语应当用宾格。
3.当动作发出者和承受者为同一人或物，则使用反身代词。
4.易考点it解读：
① 形式主语It is + adj.+(for/of sb) to do sth/doing/that...
② 形式宾语make/find/... + it + adj./n. +to do sth
③ 固定句型 It is the first time that 从句
It was the first time that 从句
It is (high/about) time that
强调句：It is/was... that....
1. We couldn’t believe our ears when Mr. Zhang told that English is widely used because its grammar is easy.
2. was only after I heard she become sick that I learned she couldn’t eat MSG.
3. He told us that he enjoyed ________ on the school trip.
4. Dating sites also makes easy to avoid someone who you are not interested in.
5. Other young people who have struck it rich include Jackie Coogan and Shirley Temple. _______ of these child actors made over a million dollars.
6. Some of these writers are doctors, _______ are lawyers or educators.
Practice 4
us
It
it
himself
both
others
助动词/情态动词方法点拨：
若结构较完整，空格后的谓语动词是原形，特别是与上下文时态不一致或主谓不一致时，很可能是填情态动词或表示强调或倒装的助动词(do，does，did等)。
1. Only in this way _____ we succeed.
2. He ______ love Ruhua.
3. He had no time or energy to play with his children or talk with his wife, but he ________ bring home a regular salary.
Practice 4
can
does
did
Summary
无提
示词
介词
固有属性 2.固定搭配
连词
1.并列连词：and/but/or/so
2.从属连词： what/who/which/that/
when/where /if/though……
冠词
“冠(形)名”2.固定搭配
代词
易考点：
1. it: 形式主语，形式宾语，强调句型，代词（指代单词或不可数名词）并可指天气，时间
2. 不定代词：both，another, some, others, any，all, either, neither等
语
法
填
空
03/2020
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for your listening!

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