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高考二轮语法复习讲义（十一）
宾补、定语与词类的关系（含真题练习与解析）
5.宾补与词类
宾补由形容词、名词、介词短语、不定式或分词构成。通常位于宾语之后，对宾语的意思进行补充说明。宾语和补足语一起构成复合宾语。
如：1) We recommand Bob mornitor of our class.（名词词组作宾补）
2) His effort made their work easier .（形容词作宾补）
3) We often find him sleeping all day.（现在分词短语作宾补）
4) Don’t make the workers work day and night . （不带to的不定式作宾补）
5) The mother doesn’t want her son in danger .（介词短语作宾补）
：宾语和补足语之间有逻辑上的主谓关系。最为明显的例子就是2)、3)、4）“他们的工作轻松”、“他在睡觉”、“工人们干活”。
6.定语
定语由名词所有格、形容词、形容词性物主代词、不定代词、数词、介词短语、副词、不定式、分词、定语从句等构成。对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用。
如：1) Yuan Long Ping’s hobby is violin.(名词所有格作前置定语)
2) His mother is a teather.(形容词性物主代词前置)
3) she is a beautiful girl.(形容词作前置定语)
4) I bought two books yesterday .（数词作前置定语）
5) The notice on the blackboard is very important.（介词短语作后置定语）
6) People here love fishing.（副词作后置定语）
7) There is nothing to do this week . (不定式作后置定语)
8) The man you met just now is my Chinese teacher. (定语从句作后置定语)
9) The flying bird looks small. (现在分词作前置定语)
10) The broken cup is my sister’ s. (过去分词作前置定语)
点拨
1.定语在句中的位置有两种情况：单个（不定代词除外）的词作定语时，通常放在所修饰词之前；短语或从句作定语时放在所修饰的词之后。
2.不定代词的定语都位于其后。
3.一些表示时间和地点的副词也可作定语，而且一般都作后置定语，如例6中的“here”表示地点。
真题演练
分析下列句子成分
7.we will have a volleyball match next month. （名词词组作宾语）
主 谓 宾 状
8.The match will take place in our school gym on the afternoon of July 4th.
主 谓 地点状语 时间状语
9. we need to train for two hours after school every day.
主 谓 宾 状1 状2
状3
10.Please come to the school gym at 6:30 pm from Monday to Friday.
谓语 地点 状语 时间状语 时间状语
11.You’re an excellent player.
主系 定 表
标出下列句子的所有句子成分，并说明其词性或结构。
You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals.
2. It's not a simple matter to determine the nature of talent.
3.They became the hottest thing on the pop music scene in England.
4.They decided on a tour to the United States in 1964.
5.However, their songs changed the lives of generations to come.
6.Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.
7.While the sun's rays can age and harm our skin, （以上来源于19 年七选五）
8.If you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province。（全国卷一阅读A）
9. It allows one to work in the natural environment.(同上）
10. he hopes people in other cities might try similar projects and post their own videos on the Internet.（2019 浙江卷）
11.whether someone gets the password right.（同上）
参考答案
You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals.
2. It's not a simple matter to determine the nature of talent.
3.They became the hottest thing on the pop music scene in England.
4.They decided on a tour to the United States in 1964.
5.However, their songs changed the lives of generations to come.
6.Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.
7.While the sun's rays can age and harm our skin, （以上来源于19 年七选五）
8.If you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province。（全国卷一阅读A）
9. It allows one to work in the natural environment.(同上）
10. he hopes people in other cities might trysimilar projects and post their own videos on the Internet.（2019 浙江卷）
11.whether someone gets the password right.（同上）

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