资源简介

介词
介词又叫前置词。一般放在名词、代词或动名词的前面。介词是虚词，主要用来表示人、物、事件等与其他人、物、事件之间的关系，与其宾语构成介词短语。
在英语里，它的搭配能力最强。但它不能单独作句子成分，需和名词或代词(或相当于名词的其他词类、短语及从句)构成介词短语，才能在句中充当成分。
解题技巧：
1. 要认真掌握好常用介词的主要用法及动词与介词的搭配。这是考查的重点，也是做题的基础。
分类 特点 例词
简单介词 即一个介词 about, across, after, against, among, around, at, below, beyond, during, in, on等等。
合成介词 由两个介词构成合成词 into, onto, throughout, upon, within
短语介词 由短语构成 according to, because of, instead of, up to, due to, owing to, thanks to等等。
双重介词 由两个介词搭配而成 from among, from behind, from under, till after, in between等等。
分词介词 由现在分词转化而来 considering(就……而论), including，regarding，concerning等。
兼类介词 由形容词直接转化而来 like, unlike, near, next, opposite等等。
1.表示相同或相似概念的介词（短语）的区别
表示的概念 介词（短语） 区 别 例 子
时间[] inonat at在一个时间点上；[来源:学科in在一段的时间之内；on在具体日子。[] ①at 8 o’clock, at noon②in the 1990s, in January③on Monday, on a warm morning[来源:
sincefrom since 指从过去到现在的一段时间，和完成时连用；from指从时间的某一点开始。 ①We have not seen each other since 1995.②I hope to do morning exercises from today.
in,after in指在一段时间之后，也可以指一段时间之内=within；after表示某一具体时间点之后或用在过去时的一段时间中。 ①We’ll be back in three days.②After seven the rain began to fall.③What shall we do after graduation
in the endat the end ofby the end of in the end作“最后”、“终于”解，单独作句子成分，后不接介词of；at the end of 表示“在……末梢”，“到……尽头”，既可指时间，也可以指地上或物体。不可单独使用；by the end of 作“在……结束时”，“到……末为止”解，只能指时间。不可单独使用。 ①In the end they reached a place of safety.②At the end of the road stands a beautiful garden.③They decided to have an English evening at the end of this week.④By the end of last month he had finished the novel.
位置 betweenamong 一般说来，between表示两者之间，among用于三者或三者以上的中间。 ①You are to sit between your father and me.②He is always happy among his classmates.
注意：但有时说的虽然是三个以上的人或东西，强调的是两两相互间接关系时、在谈到一些事物或一组事物，而把它们视为分居两边时以及在谈事物间的差别时，就用between。 ①Agreements were made between the different countries.②The little valley lies between high mountains.③They don’t know the difference between wheat, rice and coin.
inonto in表示在某范围内；on指与什么毗邻；to指在某环境范围之外。 ①Changchun is in the northeast of China.②Mongolia is on the north of China.③Japan is to the east of China.
onin on只表示在某物的表面上，而用in表示占去某物一部分。 ①There is a book on the piece of paper. ②There is an interesting article in the newspaper.③ He dug a hole in the wall.
ininto in通常表示位置（静态）；into表示动向，不表示目的地或位置。 ①We walked in the park.②We walked into the park.
throughacross through表示从内部通过，与in 有关；across则表示从一端至另一端在表面上的通过，与on有关。 ①Water flows through the pipe.②The old man walked across the street.
in the corner on the corner at the corner in the corner 表示在角落里，in指角的内面；on the corner表示“在角上”，on指的不是内面，也不是外面，而含内外兼有之意；at the corner指“在拐角处”，at指的是拐角外附近的外面。 ①The lamp stands in the corner of the room.②I met with him at the street corner.③He sat on the corner of the table.
除了 besidesexceptbutexcept for besides指“除了……还有，再加上”；except指“除了，减去什么”，不能放在句首。but 与except意思近似，表示“除了……外”经常用在no, all, nobody, anywhere, everything等和其他疑问词后面。except for表示“如无……就，只是”表明理由细节。 ①All went out besides me. ②All went out except me.③I never saw him reading anything but the newspaper.④His diary is good except for a few spelling mistakes.
表示的概念 构成 例 子
动作（表进行概念、表被动的关系） at+名词 at dinner/table在吃饭 at work在工作 at war交战 at cards 在玩牌 at work 在办公 at play 在玩耍 at rest在休息 at school school在上学 at press正在排印at church在做礼拜
beyond+名词 beyond belief难以置信 beyond control不听管教。
beyond compare无可比拟 beyond description难以形容beyond expression无法表达 beyond suspicion无可怀疑
in+名词或in +名词+of+名词 in the army在当兵 in need of需要 in action在运转in progress在进行 in operation在运行中 in use 开始使用 in sight看得见 in store贮藏着 in view of鉴於; 由於; 考虑到in terms of就……而言 in favor of赞成某人[某事物]; 支持某人[某事物in sb's favour对某人有利be in/out of `favour (with sb); be in/out of sb's `favour得到[失去]某人的尊/赞同等in course of construction正在兴建当中。in (good) repair维修良好的
in course of shipment. 定的货正在运输途中。
in charge of 负责 in the charge of 由……负责
in possession of 拥有 in the possession of 被…拥有
on+名词 on business办事/出差 on holiday/vacation/leave在休假on watch值班 on duty值勤/日。on guard在值勤 on strike在罢工on sale出售 on loan借贷on the move 在移动，搬迁，离开 on the march在行军on the air在广播　　 on fire在燃烧。on trial在试用 on show/display/ exhibition在展出on `view陈列着; 展览着on the contrary与此相反; 正相反 to the `contrary与此相反（的）I will continue to believe it until I get proof to the contrary.
under+名词 under control在控制之中 under discussion在讨论underdevelopment在发展中 under observation在观察中under test在被测试 under construction在建设中under fire在炮火中 under examination在检查/调查中under consideration在考虑中 under repair在修理中under arrest被逮捕 under attack受到袭击under medical treatment在治疗中 under study在研究中
with+the+名词 with the help of...（在……的帮助下），with the lead of.（在…的带领下）
其他 against one’s opinion反对某人的见解for one’s opinion同意某人的见解above reproach无可指责，无可非议 above suspicion不受怀疑above criticism无可指责at the mercy of在……支配下；任由……摆布for sale供出售 for rent供出租 within sight看得见
2.常见同一形容词与不同介词搭配时意义上的差别
常见形容词 搭配 意义
absent (be) absent from 缺席
(be) absent in 不在这里而在……
afraid (be) afraid of 担心……
(be) afraid for 为……而担心
angry (be) angry with sb. 对某人生气
(be) angry at/about sth. 因某事而生气
anxious (be)anxious for sth 急于想得到
(be)anxious about sth./sb. 对某事/某人担心
different (be) different from 与……不同
(be) different to 不关心
familiar (be) familiar with 精通，熟悉
(be) familiar to 为……熟知（悉）
good (be) good at 擅长于
(be) good for 对……有益
(be) good to 对……友好/态度好
popular (be) popular with sb. 受……欢迎
(be) popular for 因……而流行
strict (be) strict with sb. 对某人要求严格
(be) strict in sth. 对某事要求严格
3.容易混淆的含有介词固定搭配的词组
类 型 举 例
差一冠词，大相径庭 in front of（在……前面)——in the front of（在……前部） in charge of（负责）——in the charge of（由……负责）
out of question（毫无疑问）——out of the question（不可能） at table（在吃饭；在吃饭时）——at the table（在桌子旁边）
有无介词，意义不同 know sb.认识某人——know about sb.了解某人 shoot sb.击中某人——shoot at sb.向某人射击
search sb.搜身——search for sb.搜寻某人 believe sb.相信某人的话——believe in sb.信任某人的人格
benefit sb.使某人受益——benefit from sb.从某人那里得到益处
画蛇添足，误加介词 serve the people为人民服务（容易在serve后加for） enter the room进入房间（容易在enter后加into）
follow me跟在我后面（容易在follow后加behind） marry sb.与某人结婚（容易在marry后加with）go abroad出国（容易在go后面加to） live upstairs住在楼上（容易在live后面加 in）
母语思维，误用介词 be caught in the rain被雨淋着（不用by） leave for some place动身去某地（不用to）
set an example to sb.为某人树立榜样（不用for） in the direction朝着……方向（不用to）
do a favor for sb.帮某人一个忙（不用to） different from和……不同（不用with）
with the help of在……的帮助下（不用under） steal sth. from sb.偷某人的东西（不用of）read sth. to sb.给（为）……读（念）……（不用for）
1．The university started some new language programs to cater _____ the country's Silk Road Economic Belt.
2．The whole team count ________ Cristiano Ronaldo, and he seldom lets them down.
3．Many of the things we now benefit from would not be around but ________ Thomas Edison.
4．Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes ________ animals both on land and sea
5．Most people work because it's unavoidable.______ contrast, there are some people who actually enjoy work.
6．We tend to have a better memory for things that excite our senses or appeal _______ our emotions than for
straight facts.
7．These comments came in response ________ specific questions often asked by local newsmen.
8．This meeting room is a non－smoking area.I would like to warn you ________ advance that if you smoked
here you would be fined.
9．Last year was the warmest year on record, with global temperature 0.68 ℃ ________ the average.
10．The little pupil took his grandma ________ the arm and walked her across the street.
11．They believe that there are transport developments _______the corner that will bring a lot of changes for the
better.
12．A common memory they all have ________ their school days is the school uniform.
13．Human life is regarded as part of nature and, as such, the only way for us to survive is to live ______
harmony with nature.
14．Our club is open to everyone regardless________ age，sex or educational background.
15．While staying in the village, James unselfishly shared whatever he had with the villagers without asking for
anything________return.
16．________addition to the school, the village has a clinic，which was also built with government support.
17．People won't pay attention to you when they still have a lot of ideas of their own crying ______ expression.
18．She drove so fast at the turn that the car almost went ________ the road.
19．Facing up to your problems instead________ running away from them is the best approach to working
things out.
20．The Scottish girl ________ blue eyes won the first prize in the Fifth Chinese Speech Contest.
21．It is unbelievable that Mr.Lucas leads a simple life ________ his great wealth.
22．Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves ________ half an hour.
23．September 30 is the day ________ which you must pay your bill.
24．Check carrots，potatoes，onions and any other vegetables ________store and immediately use or throw
away any which show signs of rotting.
25．Tom always goes jogging in the morning and he usually does push－ups too to stay ________shape.
26.Second，we sometimes seem to be misunderstood ________ our teachers，parents and classmates.
27．Today I received a sweet letter from Brianna，one of my “cookies”．It was wonderful to hear ________her.
28．In Beijing，many people suffer different kinds of illnesses because ________ air pollution.
29．The usually quiet villages suddenly become busy centers of activity，as people take out special tools and
prepare ________ tea processing.
30．There were 239 people __________ board the Malaysia Airlines flight.
31．Respect is very important ________ home，at school，and everywhere you go.
32．First，some of us are upset ________ their body styles and looks.
33．The spirit then advised them to wrap the rice and bind it ________ throwing it into the river.
34．________ the first college graduate out of a remote village，my success set an example for my folks.
35．Brianna said that every day she would walk into kindergarten and see a smile ________ my face.
36．According to Jack，there are eight boys in his class who failed，________(include) himself and Scott.
37．Some chopsticks are decorated ________ colored pictures.
38．We are going to travel on camels ________ the Sahara Desert.
39．I turned ________ the guides for help，but they were impatient.
40．I had no idea you were coming，but I am certainly glad to see you.I was feeling very nervous about going
there ________ friends.
1．for 2．on　3．for　4．to　5．By　6．to　7．to　8．in　9．above　10．by　11．around　12．of　13．in　14．of　15．in　16．In　17．for　18．off　19．of　20．with　21．despite　22．in　23．by　24．in　25．in　26．by　27．from　28．of　29．for　30．on　31．at　32．about　33．before　34．As　35．on　36．including　37．with　38．through　39．to　40．without　

展开更多......

收起↑