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专题04 语法填空（第06期）-2023届江苏高考英语模拟试题分项汇编
【江苏省南京外国语学校2022-2023学年高三上学期期中】语法填空
Emerging evidence in humans suggests a typically Western high-fat, high-sugar junk food diet can quickly weaken your brain’s appetite control.
After offering volunteers a week-long binge (大吃大喝) of waffles, milkshakes and similarly rich foods, researchers in Australia found young and healthy ones scored _____36_____ (badly) on memory tests and experienced a greater desire to eat junk food, even _____37_____ they were already full.
The findings suggest something is special in the hippocampus (海马体)—a region of the brain _____38_____ supports memory and helps to regulate appetite. When we are full, the hippocampus is thought to quieten down our memories of delicious food, thereby _____39_____ (reduce) our appetite. When it’s interrupted, _____40_____ control can be seriously damaged. Over the years, extensive research on mice has found the function of the hippocampus is very sensitive _____41_____ junk food, but recently this_____42_____ (observe) only in young and healthy humans.
In 2017, after a week of Western-style breakfasts of toasted sandwiches and milkshakes, researchers found _____43_____ (participate) didn’t perform well on learning and memory tests which are typically _____44_____ (depend) on the hippocampus.
Now, in this latest study the scientists of the team have found that not only do such high-fat, high-sugar diets impair memory in humans, but they appear to directly affect our ability_____45_____ (control) our appetite.
【答案】
36．worse 37．when 38．that##which 39．reducing 40．the 41．to 42．has been observed 43．participants 44．dependent 45．to control
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述人们新发现的证据显示典型的西方高脂肪、高糖垃圾食品饮食会迅速削弱大脑的食欲控制。
36．考查副词比较级。句意：澳大利亚的研究人员在给志愿者提供了为期一周的华夫饼、奶昔和类似的油腻食物后，发现年轻健康的志愿者在记忆力测试中得分较低，而且更想吃垃圾食品，甚至当他们已经吃饱了。分析句子结构可知，根据空后的and可知，空处应该和greater并列，所以也应用比较级，副词badly的比较级是worse。故填worse。
37．考查状语从句连接词。句意：澳大利亚的研究人员在给志愿者提供了为期一周的华夫饼、奶昔和类似的油腻食物后，发现年轻健康的志愿者在记忆力测试中得分较低，而且更想吃垃圾食品，甚至当他们已经吃饱了。分析句子结构可知，空处表达的是“甚至当他们已经吃饱了时，更想吃垃圾食品”之意。可知，空处引导的是时间状语从句，用when引导。故填when。
38．考查定语从句关系词。句意：研究结果表明，海马体是大脑里的一个区域，里面中有一种特殊的物质支持记忆，有助于调节食欲。分析知，空处引导定语从句，a region of the brain是hippocampus的同位语，先行词是hippocampus，指物，关系词在从句中做主语，用关系代词that/which。故填that/which。
39．考查非谓语动词。句意：当我们吃饱时，海马体被认为会平息我们对美味食物的记忆，从而降低我们的食欲。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词is thought，所以reduce应该用非谓语动词形式，该空是前句导致的意料之中、自然而然的结果，此处应该用现在分词做结果状语。故填reducing。
40．考查冠词。句意：当它被中断时，这种控制可能会严重损坏。分析句子结构可知，前文已提到过appetite control，上文提到过的名词，下文再提到时，名词前应加定冠词the表特指。故填the。
41．考查介词。句意：多年来，对老鼠的广泛研究发现，海马区的功能对垃圾食品非常敏感，但最近只在年轻和健康的人身上观察到这一点。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定搭配：be sensitive to意为“对……敏感”。故填to。
42．考查时态和语态。句意：多年来，对老鼠的广泛研究发现，海马区的功能对垃圾食品非常敏感，但最近只在年轻和健康的人身上观察到这一点。分析句子结构可知，本句是but引导的并列句，后句中缺少谓语动词，所以observe做谓语，根据时间状语recently，可知应该用现在完成时，主语this代指前文提到的“海马区的功能对垃圾食品非常敏感”这件事，为第三人称单数，且和谓语动词是被动关系，应该用现在完成时的被动语态。故填has been observed。
43．考查名词复数。句意：2017年，在吃了一周烤三明治和奶昔的西式早餐后，研究人员发现参与者在学习和记忆测试中表现不佳，而这些测试通常依赖于海马体。分析句子结构可知，本句是省略that的宾语从句，空处在从句中做主语，应填名词，participant意为“参与者”，是可数名词，此处应填复数形式。故填participants。
44．考查形容词。句意：2017年，在吃了一周烤三明治和奶昔的西式早餐后，研究人员发现参与者在学习和记忆测试中表现不佳，而这些测试通常依赖于海马体。分析句子结构可知，空前是系动词are，所以空处应填形容词做表语，此处考查固定搭配：be dependent on意为“依靠，依赖”。故填dependent。
45．考查非谓语动词。句意：现在，在这项最新的研究中，该团队的科学家们发现，这种高脂肪、高糖的饮食不仅会损害人类的记忆力，而且似乎还会直接影响我们控制食欲的能力。分析句子结构可知，ability to do sth,是习惯性用法，意为“做某事的能力”，control用不定式作后置定语。故填to control。
【江苏省淮安市高中校协作体2022-2023学年高三上学期期中】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Like many other students, you may have various people, including family members and friends, ____56____ (give) input on your college decision.
While many of your trusted relatives and peers (同龄人)may have very____57____(value) advice that can help you to make the decision, finally the choice is yours and yours alone. Only you can fully realize which aspects of a college will make you truly happy and____58____(satisfy), so keep that at the front of your mind.
Moreover, fully consider each option. It can be easy____59____(let) a particular school become a front-runner early on____60____your decision-making process, and it may even become the winning choice — but be sure to carefully evaluate every school____61____has accepted you, since you had particular reasons for applying to each school.
Do keep____62____open mind. Students can change majors, but remember that there’s no re-living a certain semester(学期), and there’s no making up for lost time. Don’t go to a school____63____(specific)for a high school relationship____64____to make someone else happy. A_____65_____(student) college experience is his or her own, and the student must put his or her education first.
【答案】
56．giving 57．valuable 58．satisfied 59．to let 60．during##in 61．that 62．an 63．specifically 64．or 65．student’s
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要是关于学生该如何选择自己要上的学校的建议，说明了虽然亲戚和同事可能有非常有价值的建议，但还是要自己做决定，充分考虑每一种选择, 保持开放的心态, 把自己的教育放在首位。
56．考查非谓语动词。句意：像许多其他学生一样，你可能有各种各样的人，包括家人和朋友会对你的大学决定提供意见。本句的谓语动词是may have，这里的give是非谓语，give的逻辑主语是various people，give与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，故用现在分词形式。故填giving。
57．考查形容词。句意：虽然你信任的许多亲戚和同龄人可能有非常有价值的建议，可以帮助你做决定，但最终选择权在你，只有你。根据后面的名词advice可知，横线上需填一个形容词，value的形容词形式为valuable。故填valuable。
58．考查形容词。句意：只有你才能完全意识到大学的哪些方面会让你真正快乐和满足，所以要把这一点放在你的脑子里。根据前面的happy可知，and并列了横线上需要一个形容词作宾语补足语，且这里是形容人的感受。故填satisfied。
59．考查动词不定式。句意：在你做决定的早期阶段，把一所特定的学校作为首选是很容易的，它甚至可能成为你的最佳选择——但一定要仔细评估每一所录取你的学校，因为你申请每一所学校都有特定的理由。此处为“it be adj. to do sth.”句型，it作形式主语，不定式为真正主语。横线上是动词不定式为真正的主语。故填to let。
60．考查介词。句意：在你做决定的过程中，让一个特定的学校在早期就成为一个领先者是很容易的，它甚至可能成为获胜的选择，但一定要仔细评估每一个已经录取了你的学校，因为你申请每个学校都有特殊的原因。根据后面的process可知，这里说的是在这个过程中。故用介词during/in。
61．考查定语从句。句意：在你做决定的过程中，让一个特定的学校在早期就成为一个领先者是很容易的，它甚至可能成为获胜的选择，但一定要仔细评估每一个已经录取了你的学校，因为你申请每个学校都有特殊的原因。这里是定语从句，先行词是every school，指物，从句中缺少主语，且先行词被不定代词所修饰，只能用that不用which。故填that。
62．考查冠词。句意：一定要保持开放的心态。学生可以换专业，但请记住，你无法重新度过某个学期，也无法弥补失去的时间。这里的是修饰mind，mind是一个抽象名词，在这里是抽象名词具象化，表示泛指，且open是元音音素开头。故填an。
63．考查副词。句意：不要去一所专门为了高中恋情或让别的任何人快乐的学校。这里是副词修饰go to school这个短语，specific的副词形式为specifically。故填specifically。
64．考查并列连词。句意：不要专门为了一段高中恋情或者让别人开心而去一所学校上学。这里的“for a high school relationship”和“to make someone else happy”是选择关系否定句中，表示“或者”应用连词or。故填or。
65．考查名词所有格。句意：一个学生的大学经历是他或她自己的，学生必须把教育放在第一位。根据后面的college experience可知，横线上是说学生的经历。故填student’s。
【江苏省扬州市2022-2023学年高三上学期期中检测】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Exploring the moon is a dream that we Chinese have been pursuing for ages, and we are proud of the ____36____ (achieve) in the past decade.
On Dec 2, 2013, as ____37____ key part of the second step of the three-phase lunar probe (探 测) projects, China started the Chang’e 3 mission to explore the moon. After about 12 days of fight, the Chang’e 3 probe ____38____ (success) soft-landed on the lunar soil, becoming the first Chinese spacecraft on the moon. And China is the first country ____39____ (reach) this goal in nearly fourdecades. It then released the first Chinese lunar rover, Yutu, which worked there for nearly 1,000 days, until July 2016.
On Dec 8, 2018, China launched its fourth lunar probe, Chang’e 4, toward the far side of the moon, ____40____ always faces away from Earth. Twenty six days into its journey, the unmanned spacecraft made a soft-landing in the south basin, ____41____ (start) mankind’s first close observation of the moon’s little-known far side. The mission’s core component—the Yutu 2 rover—____42____ (work) on the moon for nearly 1,400 days so far, ____43____ (long) than any other rover of all time.
On Nov 24, 2020, the Chang’e 5 robotic mission ____44____ (launch) from Wenchang and landed on the moon on Dec 1. The mission brought 1,731 grams of lunar rocks and soil back ____45____ Earth on Dec 17. The 23-day mission made China the third county that has retrieved (带回) lunar sample.
【答案】
36．achievements 37．a 38．successfully 39．to reach##to have reached 40．which 41．starting 42．has worked 43．longer 44．was launched 45．to
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国过去十年在月球探索的成就。
36．考查名词。句意：探索月球是我们中国人多年来追求的梦想，我们为过去十年取得的成就感到自豪。分析句子结构可知，空前是冠词the，所以空处应填名词，通读全文可知，此处指下文三个阶段分别取得的成就，用复数形式。故填achievements。
37．考查冠词。句意：2013年12月2日，作为三期探月工程第二阶段的关键部分，中国启动了嫦娥三号探月任务。分析句子结构可知，嫦娥3号，作为探月工程三个阶段中第二阶段的“一个”关键部分。表示泛指，用不定冠词，空后key为辅音音素开头，应该用a。故填a。
38．考查副词。句意：经过约12天的战斗，嫦娥三号探测器成功在月球土壤上软着陆，成为中国首个登月航天器。分析句子结构可知，此处修饰后面的谓语动词soft-landed，所以空处应填副词，success的副词形式是successfully。故填successfully。
39．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国是近40年来第一个实现这一目标的国家。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词is，所以reach应该用非谓语形式，the first country后面用通常动词不定式to reach作后置定语，也可以强调已经达成这样的目标，用动词不定式的完成式to have reached。故填to reach或者to have reached。
40．考查定语从句关系词。句意：2018年12月8日，中国向月球背面发射了第四枚月球探测器“嫦娥四号”，该探测器始终背对着地球。分析句子结构可知，空处引导的是非限制性定语从句，后面谓语动词faces缺少主语，即上文的the far side of the moon，因此用关系代词which。故填which。
41．考查非谓语动词。句意：在26天的旅程中，无人飞船在月球南部盆地软着陆，开始了人类对月球鲜为人知的背面的首次近距离观察。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词made，所以start应该用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是the unmanned spacecraft，两者间是主动关系，所以用现在分词，作结果状语。故填starting。
42．考查动词时态。句意：该任务的核心部件“玉兔二号”月球车到目前为止已经在月球上工作了近1400天，比任何其他月球车都要长。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以work作本句谓语，根据后面的时间状语so far可知，谓语动词应该用现在完成时，主语是core component为第三人称单数。故填has worked。
43．考查形容词比较级。句意：该任务的核心部件“玉兔二号”月球车到目前为止已经在月球上工作了近1400天，比任何其他月球车都要长。根据空后的than可知，空处应该用形容词的比较级。故填longer。
44．考查动词时态语态。句意：2020年11月24日，嫦娥五号机器人探测器从文昌发射升空，并于12月1日登陆月球。根据前面的时间状语及后面并列的谓语动词时态可知，本题应该用一般过去时，并且嫦娥5号是“被发射”，因此用一般过去时的被动语态，主语the Chang’e 5 robotic mission为第三人称单数。故填was launched
45．考查介词。句意：该任务于12月17日将1731克月球岩石和土壤带回地球。固定搭配bring...(back) to...“把……带回……”。故填to。
【江苏省盐城市2022-2023学年高三上学期期中】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Beijing Economic-Technological Development Area reported a sharp decline in water consumption and a great improvement in natural and living environment.
Water consumption per unit of GDP for the area, also known ___36___ Beijing E-Town, was only one-third of Beijing’s average. The ___37___ (efficient) of water use in the area is among the highest ___38___(global), said an official at the administrative committee of Beijing E-Town.
In the past decade, Beijing E-Town has __39__(far) improved its natural and living environment,___40___(struggle) to become an ideal place to live and work and an urban area free of “urban diseases”, which refer to problems facing big cities such as traffic jams and environmental pollution.
Now, it has become an ideal habitat for animals. Every year, a large group of birds ___41___(spot) in the Beijing E-Town section of the Liangshui River, ___42___was once full of pollution and had an unpleasant smell. After more than 10 years of pollution control and management, it___43___(pass) the evaluation by the Ministry of Water Resources in 2020, ___44___(recognize) as one of the first exemplary (典范) rivers in China.
“Beijing E-Town will continue to adopt a people-centered approach to development and promote the combination of industrial growth ___45___urban development,”said an official of Beijing E-Town.
【答案】
36．as 37．efficiency 38．globally 39．further 40．struggling 41．are spotted 42．which 43．passed 44．recognized 45．and##with
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是北京经济技术开发区的用水量大幅下降，自然环境和人居环境有了很大改善。
36．考查介词。句意：北京E城的单位GDP用水量仅为北京平均水平的三分之一。be known as是固定短语，意为“被称为”，因此空格处是介词as，故填as。
37．考查名词。句意：北京E城管理委员会的一位官员表示，该地区的用水效率是全球最高的。空格处用名词作主语，efficient的名词是efficiency，意为“效率”，是不可数名词，故填efficiency。
38．考查副词。句意：北京E城管理委员会的一位官员表示，该地区的用水效率是全球最高的。空格处用副词globally作状语，故填globally。
39．考查比较级。句意：在过去的十年里，北京E城进一步改善了自然环境和人居环境，力争成为理想的生活和工作场所，成为一个没有“城市病”的城区。“城市病”指的是大城市面临的交通拥堵、环境污染等问题。根据语境可知，此处表示“北京E城进一步改善了自然环境和人居环境”，空格处意为“进一步”，是比较级further，故填further。
40．考查非谓语动词。句意：在过去的十年里，北京E城进一步改善了自然环境和人居环境，力争成为理想的生活和工作场所，成为一个没有“城市病”的城区。“城市病”指的是大城市面临的交通拥堵、环境污染等问题。分析句子结构可知，句中谓语是has further improved，空格处用非谓语动词，Beijing E-Town和struggle之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，故填struggling。
41．考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：每年，在曾经充满污染和难闻气味的北京Liangshui河段，都能看到一大群鸟。鸟是被发现，由Every year可知，时态用一般现在时，因此空格处是一般现在时的被动语态，主语“a large group of birds”是复数，因此空格处是are spotted，故填are spotted。
42．考查定语从句。句意：每年，在曾经充满污染和难闻气味的北京Liangshui河段，都能看到一大群鸟。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词Liangshui River是河流，因此空格处用关系代词which，故填which。
43．考查时态。句意：经过十多年的污染治理，它于2020年通过水利部评价，被认定为中国首批示范河流之一。空格处是谓语，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，空格处用过去式，故填passed。
44．考查非谓语动词。句意：经过十多年的污染治理，它于2020年通过水利部评价，被认定为中国首批示范河流之一。句中谓语是passed，空格处用非谓语动词，it和recognize之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，故填recognized。
45．考查介词和连词。句意：“北京E城将继续坚持以人民为中心的发展理念，促进产业增长和城市发展的结合，”北京E城的一位官员表示。the combination of sth. and/with sth.是固定用法，意为“某物和某物的结合”，因此空格处是and/with，故填and/with。
【江苏省徐州市2022-2023学年高三上学期11月期中】阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Tibet autonomous region has achieved all-around progress in the sports sector, ____36____ (pour) nearly 5. 23 billion yuan into sports projects, officials said at a news conference in Lhasa this Monday.
As part of this historic breakthrough, the region has been making efforts to enhance the protection and inheritance of ethnic sports and the ____37____ (develop) of outdoor sports. Up to now, over 20 ethnic sports, including Lhasa kite-flying, ____38____(put) on the national cultural heritage lists, and activities such as Tibetan wrestling have been included as events at national ethnic sports meets. Stone-lifting and Tibetan chess are now among activities ____39____have been included in regional ethnic sports meets.
____40____(enrich) with natural resources such as snow-capped mountains, rivers, lakes, grasslands and forests, Tibet is an ideal place for outdoor sports, such as running, trekking, cycling and ski mountaineering, Wang Dejun, spokesman for the regional sports bureau, told ____41____ news conference on Monday.
Participation ____42____sports throughout the region has improved ____43____ (dramatic) over the past decade, ____44____more than 997, 000people regularly taking part in physical exercise. “We expect that the outdoor sports industry ____45____ (become) a pillar industry in the region eventually and contribute to the economy, ” Wang added.
【答案】
36．pouring##having poured 37．development 38．have been put 39．that##which 40．Enriched 41．the 42．in 43．dramatically 44．with 45．will become
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了近十年西藏自治区在体育事业上的取得的巨大进步，并且户外运动将为当地经济做出巨大贡献。
36．考查非谓语动词。句意：政府官员本周一在拉萨举行的新闻发布会上表示，西藏自治区体育事业全面发展，将投入5.23亿元用于体育项目。本句谓语动词是has achieved, 此处需填非谓语动词作状语，pour和逻辑主语The Tibet autonomous region是主谓的关系，应用现在分词形式，结合句意也可以用现在分词的完成时态，表示非谓语动作发生在谓语动作之前。故填pouring或having poured。
37．考查名词。句意：作为这一历史性突破的一部分，新疆一直在努力加强民族体育的保护和传承，发展户外运动。根据the+n.+of的用法，此处应填名词development与and前的ethnic sports并列作of后的宾语，development是不可数名词。故填development。
38．考查谓语动词。句意：目前，“拉萨放风筝”等20多个民族体育项目被列入国家文化遗产名录，“藏人摔跤”等项目被列入全国少数民族体育运动会项目。分析句子结构可知，and前的第一个并列分句中缺谓语，且时间状语为Up to now，需用现在完成时，结合句意需使用被动语态，主语为over 20 ethnic sports，是复数，主谓需保持一致。故填have been put。
39．考查定语从句。句意：举重、藏棋等项目已列入地方民族运动会项目。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词activities,从句缺主语，先行词指物，限制性定语从句用关系代词that或which引导。故填that或which。
40．考查形容词。句意：西藏自治区体育局发言人王德军在周一的新闻发布会上说，西藏拥有丰富的自然资源，如雪山、河流、湖泊、草原和森林，是跑步、徒步、骑自行车和滑雪登山等户外运动的理想场所。be enriched in 是固定搭配，意为“在……方面富足”，此处形容词作状语，表示主语Tibet的特征，首字母需大写。故填Enriched。
41．考查冠词。句意：西藏自治区体育局发言人王德军（音译）在周一的新闻发布会上说，西藏拥有丰富的自然资源，如雪山、河流、湖泊、草原和森林，是跑步、徒步、骑自行车和滑雪登山等户外运动的理想场所。此处名词前用定冠词，特指第一段中提到的新闻发布会。故填the。
42．考查介词。句意：在过去十年中，整个地区的体育参与度有了显著提高，有超过99.7万人定期参加体育锻炼。participate in是固定短语，意为“参与”，作为名词形式后面也跟介词in，sports作其后的宾语。故填in。
43．考查副词。句意：在过去十年中，整个地区的体育参与度有了显著提高，有超过99.7万人定期参加体育锻炼。此处has improved是谓语动词，需用副词形式修饰。故填dramatically。
44．考查介词。句意：在过去十年中，整个地区的体育参与度有了显著提高，有超过99.7万人定期参加体育锻炼。空后taking part in是现在分词形式,属于非谓语，故空处不是引导从句，结合句意，用with的复合结构作状语，即“with+宾+宾补”的结构。故填with。
45．考查谓语。句意：“我们预计户外运动产业最终将成为该地区的支柱产业，并为经济做出贡献，”王补充说。that引导的宾语从句中缺谓语，结合句意，需使用一般将来时。故填will become。
【江苏省南通市如皋市2022-2023学年高三上学期期中教学质量调研】阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。
The Wang Family Compound is a rare example of Chinese civilization ____36____(hand) down through the ages. Like many of the Shanxi Grand Compounds, it ____37____ (locate) in Lingshi County, 35 kilometers from the Pingyao Ancient City.
The Wang Family Compound is in fact a collection of compounds____38____ were all constructed within the limits of a tall outer wall. During the Ming and Qing ____39____ (dynasty), it was built on a truly magnificent scale on a series of hills, ____40____ (stretch) out over an area of 250,000 square meters. The whole residence ____41____ (consist) of five castles, five lanes, and five ancestral temples now.
In keeping with the residence's legendary size, the five castles were designed to____42____(symbolic) represent the five lucky animals according to traditional Chinese culture: the Dragon, the Phoenix, the Tortoise, the Qilin, and the Tiger. ____43____ short, you could say the Wang family were living in the belly of the beast!
The Wang Family Compound is not only ____44____ incredible example of residential architecture, but it is also home to a museum of architectural art. ____45____ (amaze) sculptures of stone, wood and brick can be found throughout the inside of its many courtyards.
【答案】
36．handed 37．is located 38．that##which 39．dynasties 40．stretching 41．consists 42．symbolically 43．In 44．an 45．Amazing
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了王家大院的概况。
36．考查动词。句意：王家大院是中华文明世代相传的一个罕见的例子。根据句意再分析句式结构可知，hand和civilization之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词handed作后置定语表示“被传递”的文明，符合语境。故填handed。
37．考查固定短语。句意：像许多山西大院一样，它位于灵石县，距离平遥古城35公里。分析句意再根据提示词locate可知，此处用固定短语be located in表示“位于……”，又因为主语是it且描述一般事实，所以be动词用is。故填is located。
38．考查定语从句。句意：王家大院实际上是一个建筑群的集合，它们都是在一个高大的外墙内建造的。分析句式结构可知，此处是定语从句，先行词是物，且从句中缺少主语，所以用关系代词that或which来引导。故填that/which。
39．考查名词。句意：在明清时期，它在一系列的山上建起了真正宏伟的规模，占地面积达25万平方米。分析句意再根据空格前的the Ming and Qing可知，此处指明清两个朝代，所以应该用名词的复数形式。故填dynasties。
40．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。根据句意再分析句式结构可知，stretch和主语之间是主动关系，所以用非谓语动词中的现在分词stretching表主动关系，作伴随状语，符合语境。故填stretching。
41．考查主谓一致。句意：整个住宅由五座城堡、五条小巷和五座祠堂组成。分析句式结构可知，空格处是谓语动词的位置，因为主语The whole residence指“整个住宅”看作一个整体，所以谓语动词应该用第三人称单数形式，故填consists。
42．考查副词。句意：根据中国传统文化，这五座城堡被设计成象征着五种幸运的动物：龙、凤、龟、麒麟和虎。分析句式结构可知，修饰动词represent应该用副词，所以空格处应该用提示词的副词形式。故填symbolically。
43．考查介词。句意：简言之，你可以说王家是生活在野兽的肚子里！分析句意再根据空格后的short可知，此处用介词in构成固定短语in short表示“简言之”符合语境，且位于句首的单词首字母要大写。故填In。
44．考查冠词。句意：王家大院不仅是住宅建筑的典范，也是建筑艺术博物馆的所在地。分析句意可知，此处应该用不定冠词表泛指，又因为单词incredible以元音音素开头，所以应该用不定冠词an。故填an。
45．考查非谓语动词。句意：在它的许多庭院内部，都可以找到令人惊叹的石头、木头和砖的雕塑。分析句意再根据空格后的名词短语sculptures of stone可知，此处应该用形容词amazing修饰指物的名词，表示“令人惊叹的”符合语境，且位于句首的单词首字母要大写。故填Amazing。
【江苏省南通市海安市2022-2023学年高三上学期11月期中】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Perhaps no other scientist has had a greater impact on China’s aerospace science ____36____Qian Xuesen. Born in Hangzhou in 1911, Qian went to the United States for further studies in 1935. Soon as a pioneer in American jet and rocket technology, he and his colleagues ____37____ (found) the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in the 1940s, now one of NASA’s leading space-exploration centres.
____38____(overcome) many difficulties in the US, Qian eventually returned to China in 1955. He received a ____39____(hero) welcome from his homeland. At that time, in poor China, its rocket science was undeveloped—No majors in rocket science; No talents; No experts. Nevertheless, the “No”s didn’t discourage him from taking ____40____the challenge. His reply to “Can we Chinese possibly make missiles ” was a ____41____(determine) “Why not We Chinese are able to make the same things ____42____other people make.”
Under Qian’s leadership, China developed the Dongfeng missiles and launched its first man-made satellite. Even much of the technology behind the Shenzhou rockets can also be traced back to Qian’ research, so he earned the name of “the father of China’ aerospace”.
Qian was extremely ____43____(knowledge), especially in the area of frontier science research. However, ____44____might have made him such an outstanding and creative scientist was probably his strong interest in other things, such as music and drawing. His deep appreciation for art often gave him _____45_____(inspire) in his-scientific research.
On 31 October 2009, the whole country was saddened by Qian’s death, and people honoured and remembered him in different ways.
【答案】
36．than 37．founded 38．Having overcome 39．hero’s 40．on 41．determined 42．that 43．knowledgeable 44．what 45．inspiration
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了钱学森对中国航天科学的影响以及突出贡献。
36．考查介词。句意：也许没有其他科学家比钱学森对中国航天科学的影响更大。分析句子可知，空处前有形容词比较级greater，故此处考查比较级的结构，即“形容词比较级+than”，结合语意可知，此处意为“比”，故应用介词than。故填than。
37．考查动词时态。句意：作为美国喷气和火箭技术的先驱，他和他的同事在20世纪40年代建立了喷气推进实验室，现在是美国宇航局领先的太空探索中心之一。分析句子可知，此处应用动词作谓语，根据时间状语1940s可知，此处应用一般过去时，故空处应用动词一般过去时态。故填founded。
38．考查非谓语动词。句意：在美国克服了许多困难后，钱最终于1955年回到中国。分析句子可知，此处应用动词作非谓语，与逻辑主语Qian之间是主动关系，结合语意可知，空处动作发生在主句动作之前，故此处应用现在分词的完成时，即having done结构。故填Having overcome。
39．考查名词所有格。句意：他受到了祖国英雄般的欢迎。分析句子可知，空处后是名词welcome，空处应作定语修饰welcome，结合语意可知，此处意为“英雄般的”，故此处应用名词所有格形式，即hero’s。故填hero’s。
40．考查介词。句意：然而，这些所谓的“不”并没有阻止他接受这个挑战。分析句子可知，此处考查固定短语take on，意为“接受”，故空处应填介词on。故填on。
41．考查形容词。句意：他对“我们中国人有可能制造导弹吗？”这个问题的回答是坚定的，即“为什么不呢？我们中国人能够制造和其他人一样的东西。”分析句子可知，此处应用形容词作定语，结合语意可知，此处意为“坚定的，坚决的”，故应用-ed结尾形容词，表示人物的态度，即determined。故填determined。
42．考查定语从句。句意：他对“我们中国人有可能制造导弹吗？”这个问题的回答是坚定的，即“为什么不呢？我们中国人能够制造和其他人一样的东西。”分析句子可知，此处考查引导定语从句的关系词，指代先行词things，指物，在从句中作宾语，先行词前有the same修饰，关系代词只能用that。故填that。
43．考查形容词。句意：钱学识渊博，尤其是在前沿科学研究方面。分析句子可知，此处应用形容词作表语，意为“学识渊博的”，故空处应填形容词knowledgeable。故填knowledgeable。
44．考查名词性从句。句意：然而，使他成为如此杰出和有创造力的科学家的可能是他对其他事物的强烈兴趣，如音乐和绘画。分析句子可知，此处考查引导主语从句的连接词，从句缺主语，意为“什么”，故应用连接代词what来引导主语从句。故填what。
45．考查名词。句意：他对艺术的高度欣赏经常给他的科学研究带来灵感。分析句子可知，此处应用名词作宾语，结合语意可知，此处意为“灵感”，故应用名词inspiration，抽象名词不可数。故填inspiration。
【江苏省南京市2022-2023学年高三上学期11月六校联合体调研测试】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As archaeologists explored ancient tombs in Turfan in western China, they discovered some surprisingly well-preserved and hardened dumplings.
Exactly ____36____ invented dumplings remains a mystery. But some scholars suspect they were first spread around the ancient world by peoples living in western China and Central Asia more than 1,700 years ago.
Dumplings continued to take off and diversify in China over the next thousand years. Instead of the ____37____ (tradition) meat filling, some communities preferred vegetable dumplings. And because wheat was ____38____ (hard) to grow outside of northern China, those in other regions began making dumplings using rice and sweet potato. The relationship ____39____ Chinese dumplings and those in other areas is hard to trace, but food historians ____40____ (make) their best guesses based on available clues.
Turkic (突厥) tribes spread and ____41____ (eventual) established the Ottoman Empire around 1300 CE, bringing wrapped food west with them.
Some scholars believe that the Mongol Empire also helped dumplings go farther, perhaps ____42____ (introduce) them to parts of Eastern Europe. These dumplings could have come by way of China or directly from some of the Turkic peoples the Mongols hired to run their empire.
Later, after Chinese dumpling ____43____ (variety) were introduced to more countries, English speakers began calling them dumplings. The term is thought ____44____ (use) firstly in 16th century England to describe dough balls dropped in liquid. During the Second World War, Chinese “jiaozi” was brought to Japan, ____45____ it became known as “gyoza” and was more typically pan-fried.
【答案】
36．who 37．traditional 38．harder 39．between 40．have made 41．eventually 42．introducing 43．varieties 44．to have been used 45．where
【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了考古学家在中国西部的吐鲁番古墓中发现了一些保存完好的饺子。
36．考查主语从句。句意：饺子究竟是谁发明的仍然是个谜。remain前面是主语从句，谁发明的，用who引导主语从句，在从句中作主语，故填who。
37．考查形容词。句意：有些社区更喜欢蔬菜饺子，而不是传统的肉馅。形容词修饰名词作定语，traditional传统的。故填traditional。
38．考查形容词比较级。句意：由于小麦更难在中国北方以外的地区生长，其他地区的人开始用大米和红薯包饺子。北方和以外地区比较，用形容词比较级。故填harder。
39．考查介词。句意：中国饺子和其他地区的饺子之间的关系很难追溯，但是食物历史学家根据现有的线索做出了最好的猜测。表示两者之间用between...and，故填between。
40．考查动词时态。句意：中国饺子和其他地区的饺子之间的关系很难追溯，但是食物历史学家根据现有的线索做出了最好的猜测。强调过去的动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时。故填have made。
41．考查副词。句意：突厥部落的扩张最终在公元1300年左右建立了奥斯曼帝国，并将包装食品带到了西方。副词修饰动词作状语。故填eventually。
42．考查非谓语动词。句意：一些学者认为，蒙古帝国也帮助饺子走得更远，可能将它们引入了东欧的部分地区。help是谓语动词，动词介绍和谓语之间没有连词，用非谓语动词，the Mongol Empire与introduce之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填introducing。
43．考查名词复数。句意：后来，中国饺子种类被介绍到更多的国家后，说英语的人开始称它们为饺子。were前面的主语是复数形式，故填varieties。
44．考查非谓语动词。句意：这个词最早出现在16世纪的英国，用来形容落在液体中的面团。被认为已经……，be thought to have done，强调非谓语表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前，且term和use之间是被动关系，故填to have been used。
45．考查定语从句。句意：第二次世界大战期间，中国的“饺子”被带到日本，被称为“饺子”，更典型的做法是用平底锅煎制。Japan是先行词，where引导定语从句，作地点状语，故填where。
【江苏省南京市第一中学2022-2023学年高三上学期10月质量检测】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
After three days in Hangzhou, we ____56____ (wind) our way up a road that looked like a black snake along the tight curves around Mo Gan Mountain. The trees and bushes waved in the mild breezes ____57____, before the founding of the People’s Republic of China, made Mo Can Mountain a favorite place often ____58____ (visit) by wealthy foreign colonialists ____59____ (seek) a short escape from the heated plains below.
Giant bamboo blanketed the mountains so ____60____ (thick) that they resembled green feathers, waving in the wind. ____61____ when the road led us beneath the ____62____ (tower) bamboo they became great cathedrals — an endless living tunnel opening into an almost unusual light.
As we inched around curves, the bamboo cover sometimes gave way ____63____ a magnificent view of Swiss-looking villages, their wooden shingled (盖木瓦的) homes with carved wooden balconies nestled in alpine valleys far below. I ____64____ (spend) a summer on MoGan Fountain happily but we were already behind schedule, and after too brief ____65____ stay we pushed on to the Great Ditch.
【答案】
56．wound 57．that##which 58．visited 59．seeking##to seek 60．thickly 61．But 62．towering 63．to 64．could have spent 65．a
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了作者的莫干山之旅。
56．考查一般过去时。句意：在杭州待了三天之后，我们沿着莫干山蜿蜒的弯道，沿着一条看起来像黑蛇的路蜿蜒而上。通读全文可知这是发生在过去的一次旅行，所以用一般过去时，此处谓语动词用过去式。故填wound。
57．考查定语从句。句意：树木和灌木在微风中摇曳，在新中国成立之前，它使莫干山成为富有的外国殖民者最喜欢的地方，他们经常来这里逃避山下炙热的平原。此空引导定语从句，修饰先行词breezes，关系在从句中作主语，可用that或which引导。故填that/which。
58．考查过去分词。句意同上。结合句意及空后的“by wealthy foreign colonialists”可知，动词visit和place之间是动宾关系，此处用过去分词作后置定语，表示被动。故填visited。
59．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。动词seek和colonialists之间是主谓关系，此处用现在分词作后置定语，也可用不定式表目的。故填seeking/to seek。
60．考查副词。句意：巨大的竹子密密实实地笼罩着大山，它们像绿色的羽毛，在风中飘扬。此处修饰动词blanketed，应用副词作状语，故填thickly。
61．考查连词。句意：但是当我们沿着这条路走到高耸的竹林间时，它们就变成了巨大的教堂——（像）一条没有尽头充满活力的通道，它的出口通向一道非同寻常的光。结合上下文句意可知，此处表示转折，应用连词but，首字母应大写。故填But。
62．考查形容词。句意同上。此处应用形容词作定语，修饰名词bamboo，towering高耸的，形容词。故填towering。
63．考查介词。句意：当我们缓缓驶过弯道时，竹林有时会让位于瑞士风格的村庄的壮丽景色，它们的木瓦房屋和雕花的木制阳台依偎在远处的高山山谷中。give way to让步给……，被……取代，固定短语。故填to。
64．考查虚拟语气。句意：我本可以在莫干喷泉愉快地度过一个夏天，但我们已经落后于计划了，在太短暂的停留后，我们继续向大沟渠前进。结合句意可知，此处表示“我本可以开心地在莫干山度过一整个夏天”，应用could have done，表示过去本来可以做某事，但实际上没有。故填could have spent。
65．考查不定冠词。句意同上。此处表示“在短暂的停留之后”，stay作此意解时常用作可数名词，此处表示泛指，其前用不定冠词。其发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
【苏省2022-2023学年高三上学期百校大联考】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Although picture quality ____36____ (improve) greatly with the development of flat-screen televisions, sound has taken a dive. The problem is that televisions with slimmed-down screens have insufficient room for decent speakers to be fitted to them, either at the back ____37____ in the frame (框). Such televisions are usually connected to ____38____ external sound system, such as a sound bar or a home-cinema system, ____39____ (make) their audio quality better.
The loudspeakers of early televisions were as big as the screen, but engineers have got good at making speakers smaller and putting them into ____40____ (tight) spaces. Sony is the first company to develop ____41____ it calls Acoustic Surface.
Unlike ____42____ (tradition) ones, this screen gives off the light directly. This means it is able to vibrate (振动) more ____43____ (flexible). This vibration is invisible to the viewer and does not affect picture quality. One beneficial consequence is that a program’s music ____44____ (broadcast) directly at the viewer instead of from the side. It is also possible to create stereo (立体的) effects by ____45____ (move) the sound’s point of origin across the screen.
【答案】
36．has improved 37．or 38．an 39．to make 40．tighter 41．what 42．traditional 43．flexibly 44．is broadcast##is broadcasted 45．moving
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍索尼公司一款用屏幕作为扬声器的电视。
36．考查时态。句意：尽管随着平板电视的发展，画面质量有了很大的提高，但声音却下降了。空处为状语从句的谓语动词，结合语境和主句谓语动词has taken判断为现在完成时，improve一般用主动形式表被动意义，主语quality不可数，助动词用has。故填has improved。
37．考查连词。句意：问题是，屏幕变薄的电视没有足够的空间安装像样的扬声器，无论是在背面还是在边框。结合句意表达“要么……要么……”用either...or...。故填or。
38．考查冠词。句意：这种电视通常连接到外部声音系统，例如声音酒吧或家庭影院系统，以使其音频质量更好。system“系统”是可数名词，此处为泛指，应用不定冠词修饰，且external的发音是元音音素开头，故填an。
39．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。句子谓语动词是are connected to，且无连词，故空处为非谓语动词；结合句意表示目的用不定式。故填to make。
40．考查比较级。句意：早期电视的扬声器和屏幕一样大，但工程师们已经很擅长将扬声器变小，并将其放入更紧凑的空间。结合上文smaller可知，此处是指更紧凑的空间，应用比较级tighter修饰名词spaces。故填tighter。
41．考查宾语从句。句意：索尼是第一家开发“声学表面”的公司。空处引导宾语从句，从句谓语动词calls后缺少间接宾语，指代事物，应用连接代词what。故填what。
42．考查形容词。句意：不像传统的屏幕，这个屏幕直接发光。修饰ones应用所给词的形容词形式，故填traditional。
43．考查副词。句意：这意味着它能够更灵活地振动。修饰动词vibrate应用所给词的副词形式。故填flexibly。
44．考查时态语态。句意：一个有益的结果是，节目的音乐直接向观众而不是从侧面播放。空处为表语从句的谓语动词，陈述客观事实，且主语music和broadcast是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是单数，故填is broadcast/broadcasted。
45．考查动名词。句意：它也可以通过移动声音的原点在屏幕上产生立体声效果。介词by后应用move的动名词形式作宾语。故填moving。专题04 语法填空（第06期）-2023届江苏高考英语模拟试题分项汇编
【江苏省南京外国语学校2022-2023学年高三上学期期中】语法填空
Emerging evidence in humans suggests a typically Western high-fat, high-sugar junk food diet can quickly weaken your brain’s appetite control.
After offering volunteers a week-long binge (大吃大喝) of waffles, milkshakes and similarly rich foods, researchers in Australia found young and healthy ones scored _____36_____ (badly) on memory tests and experienced a greater desire to eat junk food, even _____37_____ they were already full.
The findings suggest something is special in the hippocampus (海马体)—a region of the brain _____38_____ supports memory and helps to regulate appetite. When we are full, the hippocampus is thought to quieten down our memories of delicious food, thereby _____39_____ (reduce) our appetite. When it’s interrupted, _____40_____ control can be seriously damaged. Over the years, extensive research on mice has found the function of the hippocampus is very sensitive _____41_____ junk food, but recently this_____42_____ (observe) only in young and healthy humans.
In 2017, after a week of Western-style breakfasts of toasted sandwiches and milkshakes, researchers found _____43_____ (participate) didn’t perform well on learning and memory tests which are typically _____44_____ (depend) on the hippocampus.
Now, in this latest study the scientists of the team have found that not only do such high-fat, high-sugar diets impair memory in humans, but they appear to directly affect our ability_____45_____ (control) our appetite.
【江苏省淮安市高中校协作体2022-2023学年高三上学期期中】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Like many other students, you may have various people, including family members and friends, ____56____ (give) input on your college decision.
While many of your trusted relatives and peers (同龄人)may have very____57____(value) advice that can help you to make the decision, finally the choice is yours and yours alone. Only you can fully realize which aspects of a college will make you truly happy and____58____(satisfy), so keep that at the front of your mind.
Moreover, fully consider each option. It can be easy____59____(let) a particular school become a front-runner early on____60____your decision-making process, and it may even become the winning choice — but be sure to carefully evaluate every school____61____has accepted you, since you had particular reasons for applying to each school.
Do keep____62____open mind. Students can change majors, but remember that there’s no re-living a certain semester(学期), and there’s no making up for lost time. Don’t go to a school____63____(specific)for a high school relationship____64____to make someone else happy. A_____65_____(student) college experience is his or her own, and the student must put his or her education first.
【江苏省扬州市2022-2023学年高三上学期期中检测】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Exploring the moon is a dream that we Chinese have been pursuing for ages, and we are proud of the ____36____ (achieve) in the past decade.
On Dec 2, 2013, as ____37____ key part of the second step of the three-phase lunar probe (探 测) projects, China started the Chang’e 3 mission to explore the moon. After about 12 days of fight, the Chang’e 3 probe ____38____ (success) soft-landed on the lunar soil, becoming the first Chinese spacecraft on the moon. And China is the first country ____39____ (reach) this goal in nearly fourdecades. It then released the first Chinese lunar rover, Yutu, which worked there for nearly 1,000 days, until July 2016.
On Dec 8, 2018, China launched its fourth lunar probe, Chang’e 4, toward the far side of the moon, ____40____ always faces away from Earth. Twenty six days into its journey, the unmanned spacecraft made a soft-landing in the south basin, ____41____ (start) mankind’s first close observation of the moon’s little-known far side. The mission’s core component—the Yutu 2 rover—____42____ (work) on the moon for nearly 1,400 days so far, ____43____ (long) than any other rover of all time.
On Nov 24, 2020, the Chang’e 5 robotic mission ____44____ (launch) from Wenchang and landed on the moon on Dec 1. The mission brought 1,731 grams of lunar rocks and soil back ____45____ Earth on Dec 17. The 23-day mission made China the third county that has retrieved (带回) lunar sample.
【江苏省盐城市2022-2023学年高三上学期期中】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Beijing Economic-Technological Development Area reported a sharp decline in water consumption and a great improvement in natural and living environment.
Water consumption per unit of GDP for the area, also known ___36___ Beijing E-Town, was only one-third of Beijing’s average. The ___37___ (efficient) of water use in the area is among the highest ___38___(global), said an official at the administrative committee of Beijing E-Town.
In the past decade, Beijing E-Town has __39__(far) improved its natural and living environment,___40___(struggle) to become an ideal place to live and work and an urban area free of “urban diseases”, which refer to problems facing big cities such as traffic jams and environmental pollution.
Now, it has become an ideal habitat for animals. Every year, a large group of birds ___41___(spot) in the Beijing E-Town section of the Liangshui River, ___42___was once full of pollution and had an unpleasant smell. After more than 10 years of pollution control and management, it___43___(pass) the evaluation by the Ministry of Water Resources in 2020, ___44___(recognize) as one of the first exemplary (典范) rivers in China.
“Beijing E-Town will continue to adopt a people-centered approach to development and promote the combination of industrial growth ___45___urban development,”said an official of Beijing E-Town.
【江苏省徐州市2022-2023学年高三上学期11月期中】阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Tibet autonomous region has achieved all-around progress in the sports sector, ____36____ (pour) nearly 5. 23 billion yuan into sports projects, officials said at a news conference in Lhasa this Monday.
As part of this historic breakthrough, the region has been making efforts to enhance the protection and inheritance of ethnic sports and the ____37____ (develop) of outdoor sports. Up to now, over 20 ethnic sports, including Lhasa kite-flying, ____38____(put) on the national cultural heritage lists, and activities such as Tibetan wrestling have been included as events at national ethnic sports meets. Stone-lifting and Tibetan chess are now among activities ____39____have been included in regional ethnic sports meets.
____40____(enrich) with natural resources such as snow-capped mountains, rivers, lakes, grasslands and forests, Tibet is an ideal place for outdoor sports, such as running, trekking, cycling and ski mountaineering, Wang Dejun, spokesman for the regional sports bureau, told ____41____ news conference on Monday.
Participation ____42____sports throughout the region has improved ____43____ (dramatic) over the past decade, ____44____more than 997, 000people regularly taking part in physical exercise. “We expect that the outdoor sports industry ____45____ (become) a pillar industry in the region eventually and contribute to the economy, ” Wang added.
【江苏省南通市如皋市2022-2023学年高三上学期期中教学质量调研】阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。
The Wang Family Compound is a rare example of Chinese civilization ____36____(hand) down through the ages. Like many of the Shanxi Grand Compounds, it ____37____ (locate) in Lingshi County, 35 kilometers from the Pingyao Ancient City.
The Wang Family Compound is in fact a collection of compounds____38____ were all constructed within the limits of a tall outer wall. During the Ming and Qing ____39____ (dynasty), it was built on a truly magnificent scale on a series of hills, ____40____ (stretch) out over an area of 250,000 square meters. The whole residence ____41____ (consist) of five castles, five lanes, and five ancestral temples now.
In keeping with the residence's legendary size, the five castles were designed to____42____(symbolic) represent the five lucky animals according to traditional Chinese culture: the Dragon, the Phoenix, the Tortoise, the Qilin, and the Tiger. ____43____ short, you could say the Wang family were living in the belly of the beast!
The Wang Family Compound is not only ____44____ incredible example of residential architecture, but it is also home to a museum of architectural art. ____45____ (amaze) sculptures of stone, wood and brick can be found throughout the inside of its many courtyards.
【江苏省南通市海安市2022-2023学年高三上学期11月期中】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Perhaps no other scientist has had a greater impact on China’s aerospace science ____36____Qian Xuesen. Born in Hangzhou in 1911, Qian went to the United States for further studies in 1935. Soon as a pioneer in American jet and rocket technology, he and his colleagues ____37____ (found) the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in the 1940s, now one of NASA’s leading space-exploration centres.
____38____(overcome) many difficulties in the US, Qian eventually returned to China in 1955. He received a ____39____(hero) welcome from his homeland. At that time, in poor China, its rocket science was undeveloped—No majors in rocket science; No talents; No experts. Nevertheless, the “No”s didn’t discourage him from taking ____40____the challenge. His reply to “Can we Chinese possibly make missiles ” was a ____41____(determine) “Why not We Chinese are able to make the same things ____42____other people make.”
Under Qian’s leadership, China developed the Dongfeng missiles and launched its first man-made satellite. Even much of the technology behind the Shenzhou rockets can also be traced back to Qian’ research, so he earned the name of “the father of China’ aerospace”.
Qian was extremely ____43____(knowledge), especially in the area of frontier science research. However, ____44____might have made him such an outstanding and creative scientist was probably his strong interest in other things, such as music and drawing. His deep appreciation for art often gave him _____45_____(inspire) in his-scientific research.
On 31 October 2009, the whole country was saddened by Qian’s death, and people honoured and remembered him in different ways.
【江苏省南京市2022-2023学年高三上学期11月六校联合体调研测试】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As archaeologists explored ancient tombs in Turfan in western China, they discovered some surprisingly well-preserved and hardened dumplings.
Exactly ____36____ invented dumplings remains a mystery. But some scholars suspect they were first spread around the ancient world by peoples living in western China and Central Asia more than 1,700 years ago.
Dumplings continued to take off and diversify in China over the next thousand years. Instead of the ____37____ (tradition) meat filling, some communities preferred vegetable dumplings. And because wheat was ____38____ (hard) to grow outside of northern China, those in other regions began making dumplings using rice and sweet potato. The relationship ____39____ Chinese dumplings and those in other areas is hard to trace, but food historians ____40____ (make) their best guesses based on available clues.
Turkic (突厥) tribes spread and ____41____ (eventual) established the Ottoman Empire around 1300 CE, bringing wrapped food west with them.
Some scholars believe that the Mongol Empire also helped dumplings go farther, perhaps ____42____ (introduce) them to parts of Eastern Europe. These dumplings could have come by way of China or directly from some of the Turkic peoples the Mongols hired to run their empire.
Later, after Chinese dumpling ____43____ (variety) were introduced to more countries, English speakers began calling them dumplings. The term is thought ____44____ (use) firstly in 16th century England to describe dough balls dropped in liquid. During the Second World War, Chinese “jiaozi” was brought to Japan, ____45____ it became known as “gyoza” and was more typically pan-fried.
【江苏省南京市第一中学2022-2023学年高三上学期10月质量检测】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
After three days in Hangzhou, we ____56____ (wind) our way up a road that looked like a black snake along the tight curves around Mo Gan Mountain. The trees and bushes waved in the mild breezes ____57____, before the founding of the People’s Republic of China, made Mo Can Mountain a favorite place often ____58____ (visit) by wealthy foreign colonialists ____59____ (seek) a short escape from the heated plains below.
Giant bamboo blanketed the mountains so ____60____ (thick) that they resembled green feathers, waving in the wind. ____61____ when the road led us beneath the ____62____ (tower) bamboo they became great cathedrals — an endless living tunnel opening into an almost unusual light.
As we inched around curves, the bamboo cover sometimes gave way ____63____ a magnificent view of Swiss-looking villages, their wooden shingled (盖木瓦的) homes with carved wooden balconies nestled in alpine valleys far below. I ____64____ (spend) a summer on MoGan Fountain happily but we were already behind schedule, and after too brief ____65____ stay we pushed on to the Great Ditch.
【苏省2022-2023学年高三上学期百校大联考】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Although picture quality ____36____ (improve) greatly with the development of flat-screen televisions, sound has taken a dive. The problem is that televisions with slimmed-down screens have insufficient room for decent speakers to be fitted to them, either at the back ____37____ in the frame (框). Such televisions are usually connected to ____38____ external sound system, such as a sound bar or a home-cinema system, ____39____ (make) their audio quality better.
The loudspeakers of early televisions were as big as the screen, but engineers have got good at making speakers smaller and putting them into ____40____ (tight) spaces. Sony is the first company to develop ____41____ it calls Acoustic Surface.
Unlike ____42____ (tradition) ones, this screen gives off the light directly. This means it is able to vibrate (振动) more ____43____ (flexible). This vibration is invisible to the viewer and does not affect picture quality. One beneficial consequence is that a program’s music ____44____ (broadcast) directly at the viewer instead of from the side. It is also possible to create stereo (立体的) effects by ____45____ (move) the sound’s point of origin across the screen.

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