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中考英语七选五型阅读专项训练·最新
一、任务型阅读（共30题；共329分）
1.（2017·宜宾）阅读下面短文，把A、B、C、D四个句子填入文中空缺处，使短文内容完整正确。
Dear Xiao Fang，
How time flies! It is two years since you moved to America for your study. ________
How happy we are! During your staying in America, little companions(小伙伴们 ) kept complaining,"There is no one to play with." Huang Lei talked about the little woods where we
often played together. ________Each time I saw your empty house next door, I held back tears. How much I have missed the days when we played in the woods behind our houses, where we dug up some worms, chasing the birds. I still remember we slipped down along the stream, feeling the spray(浪花) on our faces.
After reading your letter, Huang Lei and I came up with an idea. How about our families spending a week's vacation together this summer ________ It is located between the downtown of Chunxi and Wulin Town where we used to have fun. July will be the best month for us, so we must enjoy freedom and joy for a long time. ________
I can't wait to look forward to the time when we meet again
Yours
Xiao Mei
A. What about the Spring Lake
B. Talk with Huang Lei about it as soon as possible.
C. These days, we have known that you will come back.
D. As for me, it was honor to have such a close friend like you.
【答案】C；D；A；B
【考点】七选五题型，任务型阅读
【解析】【分析】短文讲的是Xiao Mei给Xiao Fang写的一封信，回忆了他们在一起玩时的快乐和夏天的旅游计划等．
⑴ 根据上文It is two years since you moved to America for your study．你去美国学习已经两年了．和下文How happy we are!During your staying in America，我们多么幸福啊！在你呆在美国期间，可知Xiao Fang要回来，结合选项，可知说的是这些天，我们已经知道你会回来．故选C．
⑵ 根据上文we often played together．我们经常在一起玩．和下文Each time I saw your empty house next door，I held back tears． 每次我看到你隔壁的空房子，我忍住了眼泪．可知说的是作者和Xiao Fang很好，结合选项，应说对我来说，有你这样的亲密朋友是我的荣幸．故选D．
⑶ 根据上文How about our families spending a week's vacation together this summer？这个夏天我们的家人一起度过一周的假期怎么样？和下文It is located between the downtown of Chunxi and Wulin Town．它是在Chunxi 和 WulinTown之间．可知说的是度假的地点，结合选项，应说春天的湖怎么样？故选A．
⑷ 根据上文 we must enjoy freedom and joy for a long time．我们必须享受自由和快乐．和下文I can't wait to look forward to the time when we meet again．我迫不及待地盼望着我们再次见面的时间了．可知说的是他们要去一起玩，结合选项，应说尽快和黄磊谈这件事．故选B．
【点评】考查对上下文的逻辑关系的把握能力，阅读时弄清文章大意和选项的意思，理清文章思路，根据上下文的衔接、关键词的复现等确定正确选项。
2.（2017·广州）阅读短文及文后A～E选项，选出可以填入各题空白处的最佳选项．
In the middle of my home country there are very large places．They are hot and dry land called deserts．
________ Families live a long way from other people．Sometimes they are the only people for thousands of kilometres．________
About 65years ago these people found that using strong radios was a possible way for families living far away to communicate with each other．They decided they could use the radios for school．In this way，children could talk to each other like at school．________
The children each spent about 30minutes a day on the radio．They talked to their teacher about their work and difficulties．The teacher designed some exercises and tasks based on what they learned and posted them to the children．After finishing their work，the children sent it back to their teacher to mark．________ He tried to visit each child twice each year．This was sometimes difficult．The journey was very long and could be dangerous．In addition，the school held camps once a year．The children could all meet each other and shared their learning experience．
________The government provides families with computers so that the children can use the Internet to talk to their teachers and classmates by e﹣mail now．The teachers enjoy their work very much because they get to know the children and their families very well．It is an interesting way to learn，don't you think？
A．The teacher also travelled around the country．
B．All over the deserts are farms and small towns．
C．This was how the first"School of the Air"started．
D．This families'children cannot go to school like you．
E．With the development of technology，computers are becoming popular．
【答案】B；D；C；A；E
【考点】七选五题型，任务型阅读
【解析】【分析】文章大意：这是一篇说明文，主要介绍几十年前，中国西部地区很多地方都是沙漠，那里的人出行不便，孩子也没办法上学，后来，学校利用无线电进行教学，孩子们才有了学习的机会，随着科技的发展，计算机的普及，现在可以通过互联网进行网络学习，这种学习方式更有趣，更方便了．
（1）B．选句题．根据上句They are hot and dry land called deserts．它们是炎热干燥的土地，叫做沙漠．可知，下句应该是"沙漠到处都是农场和小城镇．"，选B．
（2）D．选句题．根据上句Families live a long way from other people．Sometimes they are the only people for thousands of kilometres．家庭离别人很远，有时他们是几千公里之外的唯一的人．可知，下句应该是"这个家庭子女无法像你一样上学．"，选D．
（3）C．选句题．根据上句They decided they could use the radios for school．In this way，children could talk to each other like at school．他们决定把收音机用在学校里，这样孩子们就可以像在学校里那样互相交谈了．可知，下句应该是"第一个"空中学校"就是这样开始的．"，选C．
（4）A．选句题．根据下句He tried to visit each child twice each year．他试图每年去看望每个孩子两次．可知，上句应该是"老师也走访乡村"，选A．
（5）E．选句题．根据下句The government provides families with computers so that the children can use the Internet to talk to their teachers and classmates by e﹣mail now．政府为家庭提供电脑，使孩子们可以通过电子邮件与老师和同学交谈．可知，上句应该是"随着科技的发展，计算机越来越普及．"，选E．
3.（2017·威海）阅读理解
E
Dear Kids Advice Magazine
June 10, 2017
Hi, my name is Evan and being the eldest child in the family surely has its disadvantages. First of all, I have to share all my toys and games with my younger Siblings, William and Julia. Of course, they don't need to return the favour because I'm totally uninterested in their things. Besides that, Julia and William are always hanging around me. It's especially annoying when I have a friend over. We look for a secluded place in the house where they can't disturb (打扰) us, but within minutes, they've found us and are asking to join in.I just can't seem to get a moment's peace. At meal times,I have to eat whatever is on my plate regardless of the portion size or taste. William and Julia only need to try one bite when it's not their favorite food. Not only this, but I'm expected to be cooperative (合作的,配台的) at all times because I'm the oldest and need to be a role model for them.
It doesn't seem fair either that I have more chores to do around the house than Julia and William put together. Plus, when it comes to practising our musical instruments,I have to practise more than double the time. Oh, and the worst part of it all is the huge quantities of homework I get compared to them.
I'm feeling rather annoyed wilh my sibling situation. Can you please write back with some advice
Yours truly
Evan Smith
（1）How many children are there in Evan's family
（2）What does the underlined phrase "a secluded place" mean in Chinese
（3）Why is Evan expected to be cooperatwe at all times
（4）How did Evan feel when he wrote this letter
（5）Evan thinks many things unfair, but in fact some of them are not his brother and sister's fault. List 2 of the unfair things.
【答案】（1）There're 3 /three children in the family.
（2）一个安静不被打扰，私密／隐蔽的地方。
（3）Because he is the oldest and needs to be a role model for them.
（4）He felt unfair.／He was annoyed／angry /unhappy.
（5）①He has to eat whatever is on his plate regardless of the portion size or taste. ②He is expected to be cooperative at all times.／He needs to be a model for his
【考点】日常生活类，记叙文，任务型阅读
【解析】【分析】这是一封书信，在信中作者抱怨两个年幼的兄弟姐妹给自己造成的困扰，比如他们经常吵闹，让自己感觉很吵，心情很差；同时还抱怨自己练习乐器的时间比较长，做家务比较多．基于此，写信向朋友寻求帮助．
⑴ 推理判断，文中提到"I have to share all my toys and games with my younger Siblings，William and Julia"我必须和我的兄弟姐妹们平分玩具，他们是William和Julia，由此可知加上我家里一共三个孩子，由此确定填写There're three children in the family．
⑵词义猜测，文中提到"where they can't disturb （打扰） us"一个他们没有他们打扰的地方，由此确定此处应该填写一个安静不被打扰的地方．
⑶ 推理判断，文中提到"because I'm the oldest and need to be a role model for them"因为我是家里最年长的孩子，需要做一个好的榜样，由此确定答案为Because he is the oldest and needs to be a role model for them．
⑷ 推理判断，文中提到"I'm feeling rather annoyed wilh my sibling situation"我现在对他们两个弟弟感觉很崩溃，很沮丧，由此确定填写He was annoyed．
⑸ 推理判断，文中提到"Plus，when it comes to practising our musical instruments，I have to practise more than double the time．Oh，and the worst part of it all is the huge quantities of homework I get compared to them"相比于两个小孩子而言，我会训练乐器的时间更长，做的家务更多，因为这是年长的孩子应该做的，另外作业很多，并不是弟弟妹妹的错，没有什么可抱怨的，由此确定填写He has to practice musical instruments more than double the time，He has the huge quantities of homework ．
【点评】任务型阅读的关键在看懂文章，然后根据题目要求作答，注意尽量用文章的语言填写答案。在文章中找不到答案时，要完全理解句子，根据同义词，句型转换的方式找到可以替换文章中的单词，短语或者句子的词。
4.（2017·河南）任务型阅读
D
Starting high school is a great experience for any teenager. Whether you are coming from a middle school(grades six through eight) or a junior high school(grades seven through nine), there are many things about high school that are different from your old school environment.________
You will face being in a new school, making new friends in an unfamiliar class and getting to know new teachers. These new teachers will usually have higher academic(学术的) level than your middle and junior-high schoolteachers.________ In return, they expect you to work hard and develop your skills.
On top of all this, peer pressure(同伴压力) to drink and smoke often increases in high school. ________
Although there is a lot of pressure, it is nothing you cannot deal with. If you are feeling pressure to do something that you feel is wrong, talk to a friend, parent or counselor to find a solution(解决) .________ If you are not succeeding academically, find someone to help you. If you feel lonely, try to join a school club or group to make new friends.
________With time, you will come to be thankful for everything about your experience. On the point of starting you high school, are you ready
根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺、内容完整。
A. You will experience many changes.
B. They want to help you get into college.
C. High school may seem discouraging at first.
D. They are there to help you get into this great new time in your life.
E. Besides, the pressure could also come from grades, loneliness and so on.
【答案】A；B；E；D；C
【考点】说明文，七选五题型，任务型阅读
【解析】【分析】本文讲述初中生进入高中后将会面临的生活和学习以及环境上的变化。
⑴上文说在高中会有很多方面与原来的学校环境不一样，下文提到新校园、新朋友、不熟悉的班级、新老师等都是将要体验到的变化，故选A。
⑵根据后一句 In return, they expect you to work hard and develop your skills可知they指上文中的new teachers，in return说明前文是他们提供帮助，故选B。
⑶根据前一句中的pressure和下文中Although there is a lot of pressure可知此处提到压力的问题，故选E。
⑷根据前文中talk to a friend, parent or counselor to find a solution与朋友、父母、老师交谈以寻找解决办法，所以从D项中的They are there to help you与之相呼应，故选D。
⑸With time随着时间的流逝与C项中的at first相对应，故选C。
【点评】考查逻辑关系的把握能力，通读上下文，注意寻找复现的、构成因果关系的、呼应的词、短语或句子，能使上下文的连贯通顺符合逻辑的即为正确选项。
5.（2017·德州）阅读短文，从短文下面方框中的六个句子中选择五个还原到短文中，使短文通顺完整、衔接自然．
In Australia there is a famous island called Fraser Island．A great many visitors come here for holidays every year．Why？The reason is that it is special．________．In fact，it is the largest sand island in the world．It's about 200 kilometers long and 240 kilometers wide．
Though the island is a popular place of interest，there is no airport on the island．The long beach along the east coast works as the airport．________．
On the island there are sand hills without any plants，but there are forests with old trees，beautiful flowers and over a hundred lakes，too．________．
Every year，visitors come to enjoy the island's natural beauty．People like camping and hiking there．________．Animals were killed for food and this made them in danger of extinction （灭绝）．They threw rubbish everywhere，and the lakes were seriously polluted．
________．Rules have been set up．For example，visitors are not allowed to use motorboats （摩托艇） or go fishing in the lakes，and they mustn't leave any rubbish．
A．Planes arrive and leave from here
B．Anyone who breaks the rules w il be pun i shed
C．The island s completely made of sand
D．Unluckily，visitors have caused many problems
E．Many kinds of birds and animals live in the forest
F．So it is time to protect the environment of the island．
【答案】C；A；E；D；F
【考点】说明文，七选五题型
【解析】【分析】文字大意：这是一篇说明文，主要介绍澳大利亚的弗雷泽沙岛，它很特别，岛上完全由沙子构成的．没有任何植物，有老的树和森林，美丽的鲜花和一百多个湖泊，鸟类和动物很多生活在森林里．游客来享受岛上的自然美景．人们喜欢露营和远足．但是游客制造了很多环境问题，杀死了很多岛上的动物，因此要建立规则，保护这座岛的环境．
（1）C．选句题．根据下句In fact，it is the largest sand island in the world．事实上，它是世界上最大的沙岛．可知，上句应是"这个岛完全是沙子制造的"，选C．
（2）A．选句题．根据上句The long beach along the east coast works as the airport．沿东海岸的长滩是机场．可知，下句应该是"飞机从这里起飞离开．"，选A．
（3）E．选句题．根据上句but there are forests with old trees，beautiful flowers and over a hundred lakes，too．但是这里有古老的树木，美丽的花朵和超过一百个湖泊．可知，介绍岛上的生物，下句应该是"多种鸟类和动物生活在森林里"，选E．
（4）D．选句题．根据下句Animals were killed for food and this made them in danger of extinction （灭绝）．动物被杀死作为食物，这使它们处于灭绝的危险之中．可知，上句应该是"不幸地是，游客已经造成了许多问题"，选D．
（5）F．选句题．根据下句Rules have been set up．已经制定了规则．可知，上句应该是"所以是时候保护该岛的环境了．"，选F．
6.（2017·山西）请阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从方框内所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺。选项中有一项为多余项。
(C)
What is life's greatest gift It is choice. Choice is the ability to choose some actions from a set of things to achieve a goal. ________ The reason is that it turns us from dumb animals into artists. Choise becomes the tool we use to sculpt (雕刻) our life. The tool doesn't come free, however, for the price of choice is responsibility. ________It is enjoyment.
Choice is power. Choice is at the heart of life. It's the creative power of life. Life is awlays changing and we have to make lots of choices. ________ We often need to check where we are on our journey. We need to ask questions: Am I moving closer to my goals If not, what action will I take now to make myself realize my goals
________ And our life becomes more convenient or comfortable because of them. For example, you decide which stores to shop at and which bus station to go to. But the decisions that we make to sculpt our lives are much more important than deciding where to shop. The more we understand the difference between small and big decisions. The more pleasure we wil get.
Life is like a chess game. ________ All chess lovers realize that it isn't necessary to win to enjoy the game. Make the best moves you can under the conditions. Then you can enjoy your life.
A. Why is choice so great
B. The pleasure is in the playing.
C. In fact, we have to make choices every day.
D. But when we accept and carry it out, we get a great return.
E. Because making righr choices is more important than working hard.
F. Every choice we make leads us closer to or father from our goals.
【答案】A；D；F；C；B
【考点】七选五题型，议论文
【解析】【分析】本文论述了我们生活中大大小小的选择，指出选择是我们用来雕刻生活的工具，是做出抉择以实现目标的能力，选择的代价是责任，我们对不同选择间的差距了解越清楚，我们得到的快乐越多。因为做出最好的选择，我们才能更好享受生活。本文要求根据中心表达的需要，选择句子将文章补充完整。首先，我们需了解6个选项：A. Why is choice so great ; B. 选择为什么如此伟大？C. In fact, we have to make choices every day. 事实上，我们必须每天做出选择；D. But when we accept and carry it out, we get a great return. 但是当我们接受并执行它时，我们得到巨大的回报；E. Because making righr choices is more important than working hard. 因为做出正确的选择比努力工作更重要。F. Because making righr choices is more important than working hard. 我们做出的每个选择将导致我们距离自己的目标更近。
（1）A, 上文指出：选择是生活给予我们最大的礼物，根据下文“The reason is that it turns us from dumb animals into artists.”可知，此处应提问上面陈述的依据，故选A。
（2）D，根据上文的选择需要我们付出责任，以及下文“It is enjoyment.”可知，前后是转折关系，而连接这种关系的句子即选择的好处，故选D。
（3）F，上文论述生活中我们需要做出许多选择，下文则讲述我们怎样通过选择实现我们的人生目标，根据语境故选F。
（4）C，本段承接上文，讲述我们的生活因为各种选择而变得更加便捷舒适。故选择C。第一句是本段的中心句。
（5）B，根据“Life is like a chess game.”以及下文对如何发现乐趣享受生活的叙述，可知应选B。
7.（2017·枣庄）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入横线上的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
As we know，there are differences between Westren culture and Chinese culture．________．Let's look at some words about animals and plants．Most expressions in Chinese about the dog，for example，"a homeless dog"，"a mad dog"，"A running dog"and"A dog catching a mouse"，have bad meanings．________，In English，people use the dog to describe good actions．For example，"you are A lucky dog"means you are A lucky person．And‘every dog has its day"means each person has gool luck sometimes．To describe a person's serious illness，they say‘sick as a dog"．The word"dog﹣tired"means very tired．________．But in Western culture，"cat"is often used ti describe a woman who is unkind．There are many other examples of how"cat"is used to describe a woman who is unkind．There are many other examples of how‘cat"is used differently as well．
________People think the rose stands for love，peace，courage and friendship．And the rose is the national flower of England，America and many other countries．
________We can learn about many differences in cultures by comparing how some words are used．
A．Howerver，Chinese love cats very much
B．The words about plants and animals are used in good or bad ways in different cultures
C．We can see differences when we pay attention to the way words are used
D．However，westerners love cats very much
E．We can see simliarities when we pay attention to the way words are used
F．The rose is regarded as a symbol of love in both China and some Western countries
G．But in Western countries，dogs are considered to be honest and good friends of humans．
【答案】C；G；A；F；B
【考点】说明文，七选五题型
【解析】【分析】文章大意：这是一篇文化知识类阅读，主要介绍西方文化和中国文化的差异．这些差异可以体现在一些动物或植物的表达上，中文的狗通常是贬义词，而西方认为是人类的忠实和好朋友．中国人非常喜欢猫．但在西方文化中，常常用"猫"来形容一个残酷的女人．通过比较一些词的用法，我们可以了解中西方文化上的许多差异．
（1）C．选句题．根据上句As we know，there are differences between Westren culture and Chinese culture．我们知道，在西方文化和中国文化之间的差异．及下句Let's look at some words about animals and plants．让我们看一些关于动植物的单词．可知，中间应该是"当我们注意词汇的用法时，我们可以看到差异．"，选C．
（2）G．选句题．根据上句Most expressions in Chinese about the dog，for example，"a homeless dog"，"a mad dog"，"A running dog"and"A dog catching a mouse"，have bad meanings．关于狗的中文表达，如，"流浪狗"，"疯狗"，"走狗"和"狗捉老鼠"，都有贬义．及下句In English，people use the dog to describe good actions在英语中，人们用狗来形容好的行为．可知，中间应是"但在西方国家，狗被认为是人类的忠实和好朋友．"，选G．
（3）A．选句题．根据下句But in Western culture，"cat"is often used ti describe a woman who is unkind．但在西方文化中，"猫"经常被用来形容一个不友善的女人．可知，上句应该是"然而，中国人非常喜爱猫"，选A．
（4）F．选句题．根据下句People think the rose stands for love，peace，courage and friendship．人们认为玫瑰代表爱情、和平、勇气和友谊．可知，上句应该是"玫瑰是在中国和一些西方国家是爱的象征"，选F．
（5）B．选句题．根据下句We can learn about many differences in cultures by comparing how some words are used．通过比较一些词的用法，我们可以了解到文化上的许多差异．可知，上句应该是"关于植物和动物的词语在不同的文化中有好的或坏的用法．"，选B．
8.（2017·成都）A.补全短文，根据短文内容，从短文后的A~F选项中，选出5个适当的选项补全短文。
As time goes by, are you still the same person you were Many of you would think you are.________ You could be a completely different person when you get old. Psychologists(心理学家) at the UK's University of Edinburgh did the study on a group of Scottish people. ________ In 1950, a group of teachers gave over 1200 14-year-old students personality tests.________They were self-confidence, sense of responsibility ,perseverance(耐心), strong wishes to win, creativity and moods(情绪).
In 2012,researchers successfully found 174 of those 1200 students and gave them a test similar to the one they had received before. ________ They were surprised to find great changes to all six personality traits of these people. ________ It was “ as if the second test had been given to different people.” the study reported.
In the past, personality was widely believed to be unchangeable. This new study may bring some fresh ideas to the world.
A.They tested six basic personality traits.
B.Then they compared the then-and-now test results.
C.They wanted to know if people's personality was unchangeable.
D.But according to a new study, your personality can change greatly.
E.The younger and older self seemed to be totally different for each person.
F.The research found almost everyone's personality changed when they grew old.
【答案】D；F；A；B；E
【考点】记叙文，七选五题型
【解析】【分析】短文大意：短文讲述的是同一个人在不同年龄阶段的性格会发生巨变。
（1）考查前后逻辑判读。题空前后意思存在逻辑上的转折关系，而选项D中含有转折连词But，且D项句意符合此处前后逻辑。故选D。
（2）考查上下文理解。题空前提到一名心理学家做了一项研究(study)，而选项F表明这项研究(research)发现每个人都会随着年龄的增长改变性格。
（3）考查上下文理解及归纳。题空上一句说老师对学生做了性格测试(test),而下一句列举了六项性格特征，上下文均与A选项(他们测试了六项基本性格特征)形成前后呼应。故选A。
（4）考查上下文理解。题空上一句提到研究人员找到了当初参与测试的一部分人，并对他们进行了相似测试，而下一句说他们发现了这些人性格的巨大变化。因此可以推测，研究人员对这些参与测试的人的性格进行了今昔(then and now)对比。故选B。
（5）考查上下文理解。题空后一句谈到“第二次测试就像是对不同的人做的”，由此可知同一个人在不同年龄阶段的性格完全不同(totally different)。故选E。
9.（2017·乐山）根据短文内容，从短文前方框内的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
A. Some are as large as a school bus.
B. It can take you into a wonderful undersea world.
C. Besides the cold and darkness, deep—sea animals face a third danger—other animals.
D. However, you can't dive too deep.
E. The deeper it is, the less sunlight there is.
The undersea world is very beautiful. Now more and more people want to dive in the water to find the secret there. Scuba diving（水肺潜水） is a new sport today.________
You will find many strange animals in the sea.________Many sea animals giveout light in the dark and some have sharp teeth.
During the day, there is enough light. Here, under the sea, everything is blue andgreen. When fish swim nearby, you can catch them with your hands. When you havebottles of air on your back, you can stay in deep water for a long time.________Andyou must be very careful when you dive in deep water.
The deep sea is not an easy place to live in. It's cold, and it's dark, too.________About 3,000 feet, there is no light at all. It is very dark in the sea. Many fishes have noeyes. Some have big eyes. A few have eyes on one side.
________Animals eat! They must find food to eat. Many animals eat plants.However, some animals eat meat. This means these sea animals have two big jobs. They need to find animals as food, and they have to try not to become other animals' meal.
【答案】B；A；D；E；C
【考点】七选五题型，任务型阅读
【解析】【分析】本文介绍潜水可以看到漂亮的海洋，同时也存在着一些危险和问题
⑴ 根据上文Scuba diving（水肺潜水） is a new sport today．今天水肺潜水是一项新运动．和下文You will find many strange animals in the sea．你会发现很多奇怪的海洋动物．可知说的是潜水很奇妙，结合选项，应说它能带你进入一个奇妙的海底世界．故选B．
⑵ 根据上文You will find many strange animals in the sea．你会发现很多奇怪的海洋动物．和下文Many sea animals give out light in the dark and some have sharp teeth．许多海洋动物在黑暗中发光和一些有锋利的牙齿．可知说的是海洋的动物，结合选项，应说有些像校车一样大．故选A．
⑶ 根据上文you can stay in deep water for a long time，你可以呆在深水很长一段时间，和下文And you must be very careful when you dive in deep water．当你潜入深水的时候你必须非常小心．可知说的是深水潜水，结合选项，应说 然而，你不能潜水太深．故选D．
⑷ 根据上文it's dark，too．它也很黑暗，和下文About 3，000 feet，there is no light at all．It is very dark in the sea．约3000英尺，没有光明，非常黑暗的大海．可知说的是深处很暗．结合选项，应说越深，阳光就越少．故选E．
⑸ 根据下文Animals eat!They must find food to eat．动物吃!他们必须找到食物．可知说的面临的问题，结合选项，应说除了寒冷和黑暗，深海动物面临着其他动物面临的第三大危险．故选C
【点评】考查对上下文之间的逻辑关系的把握能力，动笔前一定要认真阅读短文，并理解各个选项所表达的含义。然后再读短文，选出最能使上下文语义通顺的选项，完成短文。完成后要多读几遍，看语义是否通顺，适当修改。
10.（2017·威海）阅读理解
C
Water is a liquid (液体) ; but it can also be a solid when it is very cold and turns to ice. It can also be a gas, when it evaporates (蒸发) and become water vapour (水蒸气) .
The water cycle
Water is very important, and without it life on Earth would be impossible. The oceans that cover three quarters of the Earth's surface can be thought of as our great water reservoirs. All the time, water is being evaporated from the ocean's surface by the warmth of the sun. High in the sky this water vapour, turns into clouds which drift (漂浮) over the land, often creating rainfall. As the rain falls,it seeps (渗漏) into the soil and then into rivers that flow back into the oceans, where it is ready to begin all over again!
下面是被打乱的有关The water cycle（水循环）的信息，请根据短文内容重新排序。首句己给出：
Water is warmed by the sun and turns into water vapour and rises into the sky.
A．Rains falls from the clouds．
B．The rivers take the water back to the sea．
C．The clouds drift over the land．
D．The water seeps through the soil and back into rivers．
E．At the watch vapour cools，it turns into clouds．
（1）________
（2）________
（3）________
（4）________
（5）________
【答案】（1）E
（2）C
（3）A
（4）D
（5）B
【考点】科普环保类，说明文，任务型阅读
【解析】【分析】这是一篇科普知识类阅读，主要介绍水变成雨的循环过程．首先地表上的水被蒸发变成水蒸气，然后水蒸气升高变成云，遇冷就会降雨，重新返回河流，在流入大海，最后准备重新开始这个循环过程．
⑴ 根据倒数第二行High in the sky this water vapour，turns into clouds 天空中的水蒸气，变成了云．可知，在表蒸气冷却时，它变成了云．是水循环的第一步．选E．
⑵ 根据倒数第二行turns into clouds which drift （漂浮 ） over the land化成云飘过大地．可知，云飘过大地．是水循环的第二步．选C．
⑶根据倒数第二行最后often creating rainfall．往往造成降雨．可知，雨从云里掉落．是水循环的第三步．选A．
⑷ 根据最后一行As the rain falls，it seeps （滂漏 ） into the soil and then into rivers that flow back into the oceans当雨落下时，它渗入土壤，然后流入河流再流回海洋． 可知，水渗入土壤并回流到河流中．是水循环的第四步．选D．
⑸ 根据最后一行flow back into the oceans，where it is ready to begin all over again!流回海洋，在那里准备好重新开始！可知，河流把水带回大海．又开始了新的循环．选B．
【点评】考查对文章的逻辑关系的分析能力。
11.（2017 绵阳）根据短文内容，完成填空。 Steve visits the nursing home near his house two afternoons each week. On one of those days, he reads to his friend Martin. On the other afternoon, he plays cards and talks with Mrs. Johnson. Steve enjoys spending his extra time this way. He is a volunteer. A volunteer is a person who helps another person or has a job for which he or she does not get paid. A volunteer donates his or her time for free.
Everyone else in Steve's family is also a volunteer. Steve's mother Mary volunteers one afternoon each week at the local hospital. She talks to patients, delivers flowers, and helps the nurses with odd jobs. Steve's sister Gina volunteers two afternoons at the museum. She welcomes visitors and answers their questions. Steve's father David also is a volunteer. He is a volunteer fire fighter for the town in which they live.
Steve's family thinks volunteering is very important. Steve's parents think being a volunteer helps to teach values. Steve and his sister learn how to be kind and respect other people.
Steve's family does volunteer work to give something back to the community. They want to help people who are not as fortunate as they are.
A family of volunteers
Relationship Name Time per week ________ Doings
Father David Anytime necessary Anywhere necessary ________
Mother ________ One afternoon The local hospital Talk to patients; Deliver flowers
Help nurses
Son Steve Two afternoons ________ Read to Martin
Talk and play with Mrs. Johnson
________ Gina Two afternoons The museum Welcome visitors
Answer questions
【答案】Place；Fight fires / Put out fire；Mary；The nursing home；Daughter
【考点】任务型阅读
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文叙述了 Steve的一家人都是志愿者，他们都在做不同的工作。
（1）根据第4行可知，下面都是叙述的是地址。故答案为：Place。
（2）根据He is a volunteer fire fighter for the town in which they live.可知，父亲所做的工作是消防队员的志愿者，应该是灭火或者是一名是消防队员。故答案为：Fight fires / Put out fire。
（3）根据Steve's mother Mary volunteers one afternoon each week at the local hospital. 可知，Steve的妈妈是Mary。故答案为：Mary。
（4）根据 Steve visits the nursing home near his house two afternoons each week.可知，Steve参观了在他家的疗养院。故答案为：The nursing home。
（5）根据Steve's sister Gina volunteers two afternoons at the museum. 可知，Steve的姐姐是Gina在博物馆做了两个下午的志愿者。故答案为：Daughter。
【点评】阅读理解主要考查考生综合运用所学语言知识的能力，包括阅读、理解归纳总结等能力，根据文章完成表格，主要是细节考查题。做此类题的时候答案一般都在原文中找，考生只需看准题目，带着问题再原文中找到相关的细节，便可迅速找到答案。
12.（2017·威海）阅读理解
D
The kids in my class are doing an experiment. We want to show that you don't need to spend money to have fun. We aren't going to buy anything for a whole week! We've even had some 'Fun is Free' T-shirts specially made. All the money that we save will go to charity. ________ Day 1: Who needs money when the sun is shining There was a music festival in the park this evening so I went with my fried Rachel(who's also taking part in 'Fun is Free' week).We met some other friends and had a great time一until it started raining!________Rachel wanted to cheat and get the bus, but I didn't let her!
Day 2: The weather was still bad this mornirng and I couldn't even use the Internet because my computer wasn't working. I needed to have it fixed, but it would have cost money, so I asked Jack if he could help. He managed to fix my computer and I lent him some DVDs that he wanted to borrow.________ what a bargain!
Day 3: Today my class had our photo taken by a photographer from the local newspaper!A journalist asked us for some tips on saving money for his article about 'fun is free' week.________ If they're in good condition, second-hand book shops will give you cash or other books for them!
Day 4: How can you get some new clothes without going shopping The answer—a clothes swapping party!________My friends and I had a greet time trying things on at our party and we avoided all the queues at the department stores. I went home with lots of 'new' outfits!
Day 5: Well, it's the end of this week and I've managed to save 35! Tonight I'm going to have a pizza delivered and rent a DVD to celebrate.I think I deserve it, don't you
根据博文内容，将下面方框中的句子还原到博文当中，使博文内容完整。
A. We were both happy and it cost us nothing
B. Keep reading this blog (博客) to see howit goes!
C. The others went to a cafe and we had to walk home!
D. Mine was: Don't throw your old books away
E. Everyone's got things that they don't wear any more, but that someone else might like.
【答案】B；C；A；D；E
【考点】日常生活类，教育类，记叙文，七选五题型，任务型阅读
【解析】【分析】这是一篇日常生活类阅读，主要介绍作者班里的孩子们正在做一个实验，他们想证明不需要花钱就可以去玩．他们一个星期都不买任何东西还特意做了一些"免费的"T恤衫，把攒下的钱都捐给慈善机构了．作者还列举了他们五天的具体活动．
⑴ 根据下面列举的五天的活动内容，可知，孩子们计划五天不花钱，把攒下的钱捐给慈善机构，这里应该填"继续读这个博客，看看它是如何运行的！"，选B．
⑵ 根据上句I went with my firend Rachel…it started raining我和我朋友瑞秋去…天开始下雨了．及下句Rachel wanted to cheat and get the bus，but I didn't let her!瑞秋想骗上车，但我没让她！可知，中间应该是"其他人去了一家咖啡馆，我们不得不步行回家！"．选C．
⑶ 根据上句He managed to fix my computer and I lent him some DVDs that he wanted to borrow他设法修好了我的电脑，我借给他一些他想借的DVD．可知，电脑坏了Jake来修了，没要钱只是借了DVD，因此下句应该是"我们都很快乐，但却没有付出任何代价．"，选A．
⑷ 根据下句If they're in good condition，second﹣hand book shops will give you cash or other books for them!如果他们状况良好，二手书店会给你现金或其他书籍！可知，这里说旧书，上句填"我的是：不要扔掉你的旧书"，选D．
⑸ 根据上句The answer﹣﹣a clothes swapping party!答案﹣﹣﹣换衣服的聚会．可知，下句应该是"每个人都有他们不再穿的东西，但是其他人可能会喜欢．"，选E．
【点评】考查对文章逻辑关系的分析能力。
13.（2017·成都）B.完成表格，阅读下面短文，根据其内容，完成表格中所缺的信息。
Oct. 16 is World Food Day. The UN started the day in 1979. It's used to remind people not to waste food and fight hunger.
A big number of people in the world still don't have enough food to eat. Food shortage(匮乏) is a big problem worldwide. Right now, there are more than 1000 million hungry people in the world according to the UN. Many children go to sleep hungry, and 15 million of them die of hunger each year.
There are several reasons why there are food shortages. First,there have been more droughts(干旱) and floods recently. Also,a growing population makes feeding everyone more difficult.
Another big reason is food waste. Most people don't realize how much food they throw away every day. Sometimes we cook too much, or we don't use it goes bad. The average(平均的) person throws away 50kg of food every year. According to the UN, more than third of all food produced worldwide goes to waste each year.
That is over 1,300,000 million kilograms of food being wasted. The amount of food wasted in Europe can feed 200 million people, and the food wasted in Latin America can feed 300 million a year.
So think twice next time you want to throw away food.By cutting down on food waste, we could help put food on the empty plates of some hungry children. Only order as much food as you can eat at a restaurant. If you can't eat all you order, take the rest home. Don't be too picky about food so that you don't leave any on your plate. Some food may not taste great, but your body needs it. Keep an eye on what food you have at home. Don't buy too much. Don't cook too much.
When you throw away food, you are not just wasting the food itself. Resources(资源) are also wasted while growing, transporting and cooking the food. These things all take energy, time and water.
title:________ on World Food Day
the UN's ________ to start this day to remind people not to waste food and fight hunger
facts of food shortage ◆Over 1,000 million people are hungry each year.
◆15 million children die of hunger each year.
reasons for food shortage ◆more droughts and floods now
◆a growing population
◆Food waste
worldwide ________ of it each year ※ The average person throws away 50kg of food.
※ Over 1,300,000,000,000kg of food is wasted.
※ The food wasted in Europe can feed 200,000,000 people,and the food wasted in Latin America can feed 300,000,000 people.
Ways to stop food waste u Only order as such as you can eat at a restaurant.
u Take the rest of food home if you can't eat all you've ordered.
u Don't be too picky about food.
u Be sure not to ________ more food at home than you need.
________ included u energy u time u water
【答案】introduction；purpose；the amount；keep or cook；wasted resources
【考点】说明文，任务型阅读
【解析】【分析】短文大意：短文讲述的是全球食物短缺的影响和成因及作者对缓解此问题的建议。
（1）主旨大意题。整篇短文都在介绍(introduce)世界粮食日的相关情况。此处介词on前面要用名词。
（2）细节理解及归纳总结题。根据短文第一段及表格中的“to remind people...” 可知此处表示英国设立这个节日的目的(purpose)。
（3）归纳总结题。表格中此题后的三条信息均表示食物的浪费数量(amount)，且短文中也提到“The amount of food wasted...”。指不可数名词的量用amount。
（4）细节理解题。由短文倒数第二段最后三句可知，此处表达的是“在家里不要过多存放或烹煮(keep or cook)食物”之意。
（5）细节理解题。根据短文最后一段后两句话可总结出答案。
14.（2016·黄冈）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，完成表格中的信息（每空最多不超过四个词） It is said that the eyes are the windows of our soul. However, you have to look after them properly. Your eyes need everyday attention.
Firstly, you have to pay more attention to your diet. Have more fresh fruits, vegetable, fish, egg and milk, It's good for your eyes. Besides, a regular amount of VitaminsA and B2should also be taken.
Secondly, you must have a regular and sound sleep.It relaxes the eye muscles(肌肉) and gives them the rest required,sleep can help the body to repair its tired tissues(组织).Usually, you must sleep for at least seven to eight hours every day. Loss of sleep can give you dark circles under the eyes.
Next, it's necessary for you to exercise eyes every day. blink（眨眼）your eyes at regular periods,which makes the eyeballs watery,and gives them a good wash.
Lastly, you should use your eyes in right ways. Fox example, if a small thing goes into your eye you start rubbing it, which is wrong. Rubbing is harmful to your eyes, Don't read or write in you start rubbing it, which is wrong. Rubbing is harmful to your eyes. Don't read use sunglasses to stop the sunshine from shining directly into your eyes. Too much reading, writing, watching television or working on the computer can also cause eye tiredness, so a good rest is required.
If you always take care of God's most beautiful gift, your will be very colorful!
diet Eating food that ________ your eyes, such as fresh fruits and vegetables.
Taking a proper amount of Vitamins A and B2 regularly.
________ Having a regular and sound sleep is a must.
Getting enough sleep is necessary.
Eye exercising Having your eyes exercised every day.
Blinking your eyes at regular periods.
Eye using It's wrong ________ when something goes into your eye.
You have to use sunglasses to keep away from bright sunshine.
You should ________ after reading, writing, watching TV or working on the computer.
【答案】is good for；Sleep；to rub it；have a good rest/rest
【考点】任务型阅读
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文介绍了保护眼睛的方法。首先你必须多吃对眼睛有益的食物。其次，你必须要有规律的睡眠，要熟睡。再者每天定期眨眼是必要的。最后你应该正确使用你的眼睛。
（1）根据Have more fresh fruits, vegetable, fish, egg and milk, It's good for your eyes.可知要吃对眼睛好的食物，故此处为is good for。
（2）根据Secondly, you must have a regular and sound sleep.可知有规律的睡眠和熟睡是有必要的，故此处介绍睡眠，故为Sleep。
（3）根据Fox example, if a small thing goes into your eye you start rubbing it, which is wrong.可知小东西进入了眼里，摩擦它是不对的，根据句型It's wrong to do sth“做某事是不对的”，故此处为to rub it。
（4）根据Too much reading, writing, watching television or working on the computer can also cause eye tiredness, so a good rest is required.可知读书，写字，看电视，在电脑上工作太长时间，眼睛需要休息，故此处为have a good rest/rest。【点评】题是任务型阅读。做题步骤：第一步，认真审题，明确题目具体要求；第二步，观察题目，尽量获取有效信息；第三步，仔细分析提示句（空格所在句子），判断所填词的词性、词形，提高填词的准确性；第四步，快速阅读文章，有目的地查找相关信息，按照要求规范答题；最后，认真检查，仔细复核校对，认真仔细地填好答案。
15.（2016 邵阳）根据短文内容，完成填空。
Yang Jiang，the famous woman writer and translator is well-known to us all．
She was born in Beijing in 1911．originally named Yang Jikang．As a baby she liked laughing．Her parents let every daughter develop their character freely．which is rare at that time and even at present．Jikang，therefore，had a happy childhood in the 1920s．
She graduated from university and went to Tsinghua University as a postgraduate(研究生)in the 1930s．There she met Qian Zhongshu：they fell in love and married．
In the l940s，she started to use the name Yang Jiang as her pen name．Since then she was commonly known as Madam Yang Jiang．
In the l950s，she worked for Peking University，and started to learn Spanish．She was the first to translate Don Quixote《堂吉诃德》)into Chinese．
She began to write short novels in the 1980s．The novel The Old Wang(《老王》)written in 1984 was selected as the passage in our middle school text book．
Besides，her famous works After Baptism(《洗澡之后》)and We Three(《我们仨》)also became a household name in China．
Sorry to hear that Madam Yang died at Peking Union Medical College Hospital in Beijing，on May25，2016．
Such was Madam Yang，the best wife and the most talented woman!Her legend is still continuing!
Yang Jiang
Introduction Born：in Beijing in 1911
Original name：Yang Jikang
________：Yang Jiang
Her husband：________
Experiences In the 1930s，graduated from university
In the 1950s，worked for Peking University，started to learn
________
In the 1980s，began to write ________
Famous works The Old Wang，After Baptism ________
【答案】Pen name；Qian Zhongshu；Spanish；short novels；We Three
【考点】人物传记/故事阅读类
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文是对我国著名女作家、翻译家杨绛的介绍。介绍了她的快乐童年及所取得的成就等等。
（1）细节理解题。题意：本名杨季康，笔名：杨绛。由第四段第一句：In 1940s, she started to use the name Yang Jiang as her pen name. 可知，杨绛是她的笔名。故填：Pen name。
（2）细节理解题。题意：她的丈夫是谁？由第三段里的：There she met Qian Zhongshu, they fell in love and married.可知，她与钱钟书相爱并结婚。故填：Qian Zhongshu.
（3）细节理解题。题意：在二十世纪五十年代，在北京大学，她开始学习什么？由第五段开头的： In 1950s, she worked for Peking University, and started to learn Spanish.可知，她在二十世纪五十年代在北京大学工作，开始学习西班牙语。故填：Spanish.
（4）细节理解题。题意：在二十世纪八十年代，她开始写什么？由第六段开头的句子：She began to write short novels in 1980s. 可知，在二十世纪八十年代，她开始写短篇小说。故填：short novels.
（5）细节理解题。题意：她的著名作品除了《老王》、《洗澡之后》外，还有什么？根据短文第六、七自然段可知，她的著名作品有：《老王》、《洗澡之后》及《我们仨》。故回答：We Three。
【点评】阅读理解练习应先看问题，弄清考点。在阅读短文之前，快速浏览问题，以便在阅读短文时做到心中有数，快速、准确地捕捉所要信息。因为细节题大多能直接从文中找到答案，正确理解题干和信息句的意义是关键。细节事实题还要十分注意句子的非主干成分，如定语、状语、补语等，这些成分都是出题者常进行误导的落脚点。
16.（2016 大庆）Answer the questions according to the passage.（必须使用完整语句作答）
Apple's first watch can not only tell you the right time, the smart watch also has a set of technology that can collect a lot of health data（数据）. When you have been sitting for too long, it will "hit" you on the wrist（手腕）10 minutes before the top of the hour.
"A lot of doctors believe that sitting is the new illness." Apple's CEO Tim Cook said.
Many workers used the Apple Watch first. Then, Apple started selling the Apple Watch in April 2015. "We have a lot of meetings and a lot of workers," Cook said, "and ten minutes before the hour, the watch will hit you and everybody will start standing up."
"It took some time to get used to, but it's actually really excellent." he said.
Users have the chance to share their health data with doctors. And people believe it makes them healthier.
（1）Besides telling you the right time, what can the smart watch do
（2）What do a lot of doctors think about sitting
（3）When did Apple start selling the Apple Watch
（4）According to Cook, what will everybody do when the watch hits you
（5）Do users have the chance to share their health data with doctors
【答案】（1）It also has a set of technology that can collect a lot of health data.
（2）Sitting is a new illness.
（3）It started selling the Apple Watch in April 2015.
（4）Everybody will start standing up.
（5）Yes, they do.
【考点】社会现象类，新闻报道类
【解析】【分析】本文是对苹果手表的介绍。苹果手表不仅仅可以计时，还可以收集人的健康数据，通过和医生分享健康数据，人们相信会使得他们更加健康。
（1）细节理解题。题意：除了报时，苹果智能表还可以做什么？由短文第一句：Apple's first watch can not only tell you the right time, the smart watch also has a set of technology that can collect a lot of health data可知苹果表不但可以报时，还可以收集用户的健康数据。故回答：It also has a set of technology that can collect a lot of health data.
（2）细节理解题。题意：许多医生认为坐怎样？由第二段第一句：A lot of doctors believe that sitting is the new illness.可知许多医生认为坐是一种新的病。故回答：Sitting is a new illness.
（3）细节理解题。题意：苹果什么时候开始卖苹果表的？根据第三段里的：Then, Apple started selling the Apple Watch in April 2015. 可知，苹果是在2015年开始卖苹果表的。故回答：It started selling the Apple Watch in April 2015.
（4）细节理解题。题意：根据库克的意思，当表撞击的时候，大家要做什么？根据第三段最后的句子：the watch will hit you and everybody will start standing up.可知，当表撞击人时，大家将要站起来。故回答：Everybody will start standing up.
（5）细节理解题。题意：用户有机会和医生分享数据吗？根据最后一段的第一句：Users have the chance to share their health data with doctors.可知，用户有机会和医生分享健康数据。故作肯定回答：Yes, they do.
【点评】本题是任务型阅读。 也就是给出一篇短文，题后设计几个问题（一般五个题）。这种题型既考查学生的阅读理解的能力，又考查学生的在文章中提取信息的能力。要求学生根据问题在文章中找出能回答问题的关键句子，或者需要自己组织语言回答问题；有的题目设计出一两个翻译题等。细读问题要求，完成任务。在明白题意和文意的基础上，仔细阅读后面的题目要求，根据实际情况去完成所要求的任务。总之，这类题型要求学生要有很好的阅读理解和归纳总结的能力。
17.（2016·衡阳）阅读下面的短文，并根据短文内容回答所提问题。 Most teens need more than 9 hours of sleep each night. But about 1 in 4 teens has trouble in sleeping. Lack（缺少）of sleep can affect everything from our feelings to how well we focus on tasks like studying. It can also influence sports performance, increase our chances of getting sick, and may be related to weight gain in some people.
How can we get the sleep we need Here are some ideas:
Be active during the day. Get at least 60 minutes of exercise a day. Physical activity can decrease（减少） stress and help people feel more relaxed. Just don't work too close to bedtime because exercise can wake you up before it slows you down.
Say goodnight to electronics. Experts suggest using the bedroom for sleep only. At least shut everything down an hour or more before lights out.
Keep a sleep routine（常规）. Going to bed at the same time every night helps the body expect sleep. Creating a set bedtime routine can improve this relaxation effect. Spending time with a pet, writing a diary or doing anything else can relax you.
Expect a good night's sleep. Instead of worrying that you won't sleep, remind（提醒）yourself that you can. Say "Tonight, I will sleep well" several times during the day. It can also help to practice breathing exercises or gentle exercises before bed.
Everyone has a sleepless night once in a while. But if you regularly have trouble in sleeping and you think it's affecting your mood or performance, talk to your doctor.
（1）How many hours of sleep do most teens need each night
（2）Can physical activity increase stress or decrease stress
（3）If Tom often has trouble sleeping and it affects like performance, what should he do
（4）Does making the light on help to have a good sleep
（5）Write down at least one of your suggestions about getting the sleep we need.
【答案】（1）More than nine.
（2）It can decrease stress.
（3）He should talk to his doctor.
（4）No, it doesn't.
（5）Listening to some light music before going to bed helps us to relax.
【考点】任务型阅读
【解析】【分析】文章大意：良好的睡眠对于集中精力学习、影响体育运动、减少犯困等等方面很重要。但是许多青少年有睡眠问题，对此，作者提了一些好的建议：合理安排锻炼时间、睡前至少一小时前关闭电子设备、养成睡眠习惯等等。
（1）细节理解题。题意：大多数青少年每天晚上需要多少小时的睡眠？由短文第一句：Most teens need more than 9 hours of sleep each night.可知，大多数青少年每天晚上需要九小时以上的睡眠。故回答：More than nine.
（2）细节理解题。题意：体育活动可以增加还是减少压力？由第三段第三句：Physical activity can decrease（减少） stress and help people feel more relaxed.可知，体育活动可以减少压力、帮助人们感到轻松。故回答：It can decrease stress.
（3）细节理解题。题意：如果汤姆经常有睡眠问题，而且影响了其表现，他该怎么办？由短文最后一段里的：But if you regularly have trouble in sleeping and you think it's affecting your mood or performance, talk to your doctor.可知，如果不好的睡眠影响了一个人的情绪或表现。应该和医生谈谈。故回答：He should talk to his doctor.
（4）推理判断题。题意：开着灯帮助拥有好的睡眠吗？由第四段的内容可知，要给睡觉提供一个好的环境，提前关掉电器，当然睡时要关灯。故作否定回答：No, it doesn't.
（5）问答题。题意：至少写下你有关获得好的睡眠的一条建议。本题是开放性试题，只要言之有理即可。故可以回答：Listening to some light music before going to bed helps us to relax.【点评】在阅读短文之前，快速浏览问题，以便在阅读短文时做到心中有数，快速、准确地捕捉所要信息，先易后难。本题主要考察的是细节题，做这类题的一般方法是先要找出题干或是选项中的关键字，再通过略读快速确定该细节在文中的出处(信息源)，仔细对照题干要求，排除或选择。

18.（2016 邵阳）阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题.
Long long ago, there was a man living in a village with his wife and two children. They had a hen. It laid a golden egg every day. The man sold the golden egg and the family lived a rich and comfortable life.
But the man was very greedy (贪婪的). He wanted to get all the golden eggs from his hen at a time. So, he thought hard every day about how to achieve it and he got a plan at last. He decided to kill the hen and get all the eggs. He didn't want to tell his wife about the plan because he wanted to give her a big surprise. He was so excited about his great plan. He even started to sing when he thought of the plan.
The next day when the hen laid a golden egg, the man couldn't wait to take a knife and cut its body open. However, there was nothing but blood(血液) all around. There weren't any eggs at all. He was very sad because he would not get even one egg now.
Their life used to be comfortable with one egg a day, but now their life changed a lot.
How silly he was!
（1）How many children did the man have
（2）Had the man's family lived a rich and comfortable life before he killed the hen
（3）Why did the man kill the hen
（4）What did the man get from the hen at last
（5）What do you think of the man in the passage
【答案】（1）They had two children.
（2）Yes, they had
（3）Because he wanted to get all the golden eggs from his hen at a time.
（4）He got nothing.
（5）He was silly and greedy.
【考点】记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文讲述的是一位贪婪者杀鸡取蛋的故事。一个人家里有一只母鸡，每天生一个金蛋，因此他和妻子过着富裕的生活。但是他想一次把母鸡身上所有的金蛋取出来，冥思苦想后，他决定杀鸡取蛋。他把母鸡杀了之后，什么也没有，但是他后悔也来不及了。从此，他的生活改变了许多。
（1）细节理解题。题意：这个人有多少个孩子？由短文第一句：Long long ago, there was a man living in a village with his wife and two children可知，他有一个妻子和两个小孩。故回答：They had two children.
（2）细节理解题。题意：那个人一家在他杀死母鸡前过着富裕、舒适的生活吗？由第一段的：They had a hen. It laid a golden egg every day. The man sold the golden egg and the family lived a rich and comfortable life.可知，他家的母鸡每天下一个金蛋，他把买卖了之后，全家过着富裕、舒适的日子。因此作肯定回答：Yes, they had.
（3）细节理解题。题意：那个人为什么杀母鸡？由第二段第二句：He wanted to get all the golden eggs from his hen at a time.可知，因为他想要一次取出所有的金蛋，所以他要杀掉他的母鸡。故回答：Because he wanted to get all the golden eggs from his hen at a time.
（4）细节理解题。题意：最后那个人从母鸡身上得到了什么？由第三段里的：However, there was nothing but blood(血液) all around. 可知，除了满地的血外，他什么也没有得到。故回答：He got nothing.
（5）推理判断题。题意：你认为文中的那个人怎样？根据短文，这个人为了一次获得很多的金蛋而杀鸡取蛋，从那以后，再也得不到金蛋了。说明他贪婪、愚蠢。故回答：He was silly and greedy.
【点评】阅读理解主要考查考生综合运用所学语言知识的能力，包括阅读、理解归纳总结等能力，根据文章完成表格，主要是细节考查题。做此类题的时候答案一般都在原文中找，考生只需看准题目，带着问题再原文中找到相关的细节，便可迅速找到答案。
19.（2017·山西）请阅读下面图文，简要回答所给问题。
(B)
Living in the age of “Internet+”, more and more electronic productd and Apps have changed people's lifestyles in many ways, such as reading habits and sports events.
● Electronic Reading
Instead of reading paper books, more people like to use electronic devices (设备) to read in China now. The reading time spend on them is getting longer. Chart I shows different reading time from a survey. However, even though people spend much time on e-books, the traditional paper books are still popular among readers. Research has shown that readers remember more information from paper books than e-books. To oour great joy, the number of books that each person read in 2016 in China reached 7.86, which increased a lot more than before.

● Electronic Sports
Just like soccer, basketball and baseball, e-sports has become very popular around the worlde. E-sports is short for electronic sports. It is more than just children playing games in their bedrooms. In e-sports, teams of gameers play electronic games in front of many people and compert. And they need to put in a lot of hard work and training. Chart II shows the top three most fllowed e-sports among Chinese college students from a survey last yeat.
Actually, e-products play an important role in our daily life. They have not only changed our life but also made the world colorful. One coin has its two sides. As teenagers. If we put the e-products into good use, they can add more fun to our life and become good helpers to our study.
（1）According to the passage, why are the paper books still popular among readers
________
（2）Chart I shows the reading time on WeChat is more than that on newspaper. How much more time
________
（3）Do you like reading paper books or electronic books Why
________
（4）We can draw a conclusion that many young people want to be a hero in their mind from Chart II. How can you know it
________
（5）In the age of “Internet +”, what influence do you think the e-products have on us
________
【答案】（1）Because readers remember more information from paper books than e-books.
（2）(It's ) 12.85 minutes.
（3）Paper books. Because they are better for my eyes than e-books. /E-books. Because they are convenient.
（4）The chart shows the top three e-sports among college students are all about heroes. /Because 58.9% of college students play the League of Legends.
（5）They have not only changed our life but also made the world colorful. /They provided more ways to get information. /…
【考点】任务型阅读
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了互联网+时代，影响了人们阅读习惯和运动事件的两项事物：Electronic Reading和Electronic Sports。指出电子产品在我们的日常生活中发挥着重要的作用。要求学生根据课文内容回答问题。
（1）据实做答题，提问纸质书依然受欢迎的原因，根据” Research has shown that readers remember more information from paper books than e-books.”可知，因为读者可以记住比电子书籍更多的信息。故答案为：Because readers remember more information from paper books than e-books.
（2）推理做答题，本题提问，根据Chart I图表显示，人们用语WeChat的阅读时间比在newspaper上多多少。根据图表显示：每人每天用于WeChat的阅读时间是26minutes，而用于newspaper上为13.15，两者的差距为12.85minutes，故答案为：(It's ) 12.85 minutes.
（3）选择作答题，本题要求学生对喜欢哪种阅读方式自主作答，并给出原因依据。本题有两个方面的答案，学生可以选择“paper books ”or “electronic books”，在选择作答后，要给出其优势，比如paper books对眼睛更好而electronic books更便捷等。
（4）推理做答题，本题提问，根据Chart II表格的哪些数据我们可以得出许多青少年想要将来做英雄的结论。观察图表可知1. 参加调查的58.9%的大学生在玩英雄联盟的游戏；2. 图表所展示的大学生中的the top three e-sports都与英雄有关。故答案可从两方面任选，即：Because 58.9% of college students play the League of Legends.或The chart shows the top three e-sports among college students are all about heroes.
（5）自由作答题，本题要求学生根据对文章内容的了解和掌握，回答电子产品对我们有哪些影响。文中有明确的叙述“They have not only changed our life but also made the world colorful.”；学生也可以根据理解答They provided more ways to get information.等。
【点评】对于自由作答类问题，根据提问有目的地答题是得分的关键，对于这些题，答题的方式比答案的可考性重要的多。
20.（2017·南充）根据短文内容，完成填空。Keep More Food on the Table
It's said that in some parts of the world, people are facing the problem of hunger. So what can we do to help them Here are some suggestions:
Cook from the fridge
Start with the fresh foods. If you have some in the fridge, use them first. Make a meal with what you have got instead of running out to the supermarket for something else.
Learn to read the labels
“Best-before” and“use-by” dates are more important. Learn to know the different periods of foods and know how to cook them in the right way. For example, black bananas are proper for baking, fresh vegetables are good in soups, and bread that is not fresh can be turned into small pieces.
Use the freezer(冷冻室)
The freezer can keep foods fresh until you are ready to cook them, and store the cooked foods until you're ready to eat them. It's also the best place for the remaining food. Mark the date of the food nearby, so it's easy to find the foods you need to eat first and you will never leave them there for too long.
Shop with a list
Plan meals ahead of time so that you know exactly what to buy. Doing this helps reduce food waste because it's possible to buy too much of a certain food and then forget to eat or cook it later.
Title: Keep More Food on the Table
Passage outline Support details
Why Some people are facing the problem of hunger.
________ Cook from the fridge
It's a good idea to use the foods that you have first, especially the ________ foods in the fridge.
Learn to read the labels
It is important to know “best-before” and “use-by” dates of different foods and cooking them ________.
Use the freezer
The freezer should be used to keep foods fresh and ________ them from going bad.
Shop with a list
It's necessary to plan meals ahead of time and shop with a list to reduce food ________.
【答案】How；fresh；properly/ rightly/ correctly；stop/ prevent/ keep；waste
【考点】任务型阅读
【解析】【分析】文章大意：为了帮助世界上面临饥饿问题的人们，作者在做饭，冰箱使用及购买食物方面给出了一些建议。
（1）根据表格描述，可知这一部分是怎么做以帮助面对饥饿问题的人。故填How。
（2）根据Start with the fresh foods. If you have some in the fridge, use them first. 可知先使用你现有的食物，尤其是冰箱里新鲜的食物，故填fresh。
（3）根据Learn to know the different periods of foods and know how to cook them in the right way. 可知要正确地烹饪食物，故填properly/ rightly/ correctly。
（4）根据The freezer can keep foods fresh until you are ready to cook them,，可知冷藏应该被用来保持食物新鲜阻止他们变质，故填stop/ prevent/ keep。
（5）根据Plan meals ahead of time so that you know exactly what to buy. Doing this helps reduce food waste 故填waste。
【点评】阅读理解主要考查考生综合运用所学语言知识的能力，包括阅读、理解归纳总结等能力，根据文章完成表格，主要是细节考查题。做此类题的时候答案一般都在原文中找，考生只需看准题目，带着问题再原文中找到相关的细节，便可迅速找到答案。
21.（2017·丽水）阅读下面的内容，按要求完成任务。
Mind maps are a great way of showing a picture of information.They work very well in all kinds of learning.Here is an example to show us how to draw a mind map.
To make the mind map even better，use color to show important ideas or parts of the map．
（1）根据上文介绍的三个步骤，将下列A、B、C、D四个选项进行排序。
A. science B. school subjects C. school D. school activities
Step 1： ________
Step 2：________ ________
Step3：________
（2）将上述A、B、C、D四个选项组成一幅思维导图（组图时可用字母编号或所给词汇）
【答案】（1）C；B/D；D/B；A
（2）
【考点】任务型阅读
【解析】【分析】
（1）第一步是写主题，第二步是给主题分子类，第三步是子类下面的类，所以第一步是C； 第二步是B，D； 第三步是A。
（2）根据第三步的图填写即可。
22.（2017·孝感）阅读短文，按要求完成所给任务．
This Thursday，across the US，kids are going to work with their parents instead of going to school．They can help their parents do some cleaning，send e﹣mails and deal with other daily things．Because April 28is Take Our Sons and Daughters to Work Day all over the US．This holiday shows kids what it means to be a grown﹣up in the working world．
I still remember when this day started，I was very happy．Not only did I have the chance to leave the school，but I also could sit in my dad's taxi all day long and we would go to a restaurant for lunch．
I couldn't read my book in the car as I would get carsick（晕车） and my dad didn't like to turn on the radio．I got hot and uncomfortable．People wouldn't get into his taxi because they thought he already had a passenger：me﹣so nothing happened．It seemed years before we went out for lunch．In fact，I started to miss the school．
Although the purpose of the day is to give kids a chance to experience possible jobs in their futures，I got something completely different from the day．I learned to value school life．Where else can you play with your friends，do science experiments，read great books and write stories all in one day？
Just like you'll have to learn to love your job later in life，learn to love school now． If you don't，try spending the day at work with your dad．
（1）What can the kids help their parents do this Thursday？
（2）请选出能填入文中横线处的最佳选项． （填写字母代号）
A. Of course，I enjoyed myself and felt free like a bird．
B. But after only 40minutes of driving around the city，I was very bored．
C. But soon I got used to this taxi ride around the city with my father．
（3）将划线句子翻译成中文．________
（4）What does the passage mainly talk about？
【答案】（1）They can help their parents do some cleaning，send e﹣mails and deal with other daily things．
（2）B
（3）正如在以后的生活中你必须学会热爱工作一样，现在应该学着热爱学校生活．
（4）My experience of working with my dad．
【考点】记叙文，任务型阅读
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章主要介绍的是我与父亲一起工作的一天．在周四，美国的学生们不用去学校，可以帮助父母做一些事情．我在这一天是和父亲一起开出租车，结果并不是很令人满意，因为坐在车里很无聊，而且因为我在车里，所以人们都不会打父亲的车．
（1）They can help their parents do some cleaning，send e﹣mails and deal with other daily things．推理判断题，文中提到"They can help their parents do some cleaning，send e﹣mails and deal with other daily things"在周四，孩子们不去学校，可以在这一天帮助父母做家务、发邮件或者处理其他事情，由此确定填写They can help their parents do some cleaning，send e﹣mails and deal with other daily thin

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