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安徽省部分学校2021-2022学年高一下学期英语期末试卷分类汇编
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安徽省合肥市第一中学2021-2022学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题
第一节　(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Free solo climbing is a risky form of rock climbing where the climber makes the climb alone without ropes or any other protective things.In June 2017，Alex Honnold completed an ultimate free solo climb up El Capitan，a 3，000﹣foot wall in Yosemite National Park.
On a freezing November morning in 2016，Alex determined to take up a challenge﹣a free solo climb of the world's most famous vertical（垂直的）cliff.Every step，he had to be extra careful to keep the balance.All the turn he had to shine his headlamp on the cold，smooth part of stones to decide where he could next place his foot.Unlike parts of the climb higher up that Alex could climb with his strong fingers，this lower part must he managed with a perfect balance of fine skills and confidence.
Every move tied people's hearts.The cameraman said. "Every time I got no response，I thought Alex was bailing.But it turned out that I was wrong﹣He was still moving out."
More physically challenging parts wait for him to climb up with his feel and hands pressing the rock.The Freeblast is the most frightening part.In 2016，after several failures，Alex knew he would try again.His foot tap﹣tap﹣tapped against the wall as if he was feeling his way into the huge rock，but he wouldn't turn back this time.And then，he stood on the top and he made it!
People view free soloing differently.Critics regard it as risky，considering the long list of those who've died attempting it.Others，myself included，recognize it as the sport's truest expression.Such was the attitude of Austrian climber Paul Preuss，the father of free soloing.He believed that the spirit of mountain﹣climbing was to master a mountain with wonderful physical and mental skill.
21.Why is the headlamp mentioned in paragraph 2？
A.To prove how dark the environment is. B.To indicate how risky the free soloing is.
C.To share the great pleasure of a solo climber. D.To introduce the location of the mountain climber.
22.What does the cameraman mean by saying "Alex was bailing" in paragraph 3？
A.Alex was climbing. B.Alex was giving up. C.Alex was struggling. D.Alex was being saved.
23.What does Alex's experience in 2016 aim to tell readers？
A.A great dream is limitless. B.Wisdom is better than force.
C.Gains can't make up for losses. D.Strong will leads to a smooth path.
B
A rare wild flower is being re﹣established in Devon fields thanks to some four﹣legged helpers.A conservation charity called Plantlife has employed donkeys as"ecosystem engineers"to encourage the return of the endangered small﹣flowered catchfly.
The catchfly was once found all across Britain but now it only grows in small areas of Wales and the south and west of England.Experts blame its decline on modern farming practices.The flower flourished around the edges of sandy fields where farmers grew their crops，but because of weedkillers that were used to remove"unwanted"plants，and fertilisers to boost crop yields，its habitat has largely disappeared.
Plantlife teamed up with the Donkey Sanctuary，a charity that looks after donkeys in the UK and around the world.It owns several farms across Devon and the UK，where it takes care of hundreds of rescued donkeys，as well as maintaining habitats for other wildlife.More than 20，000 seeds have been scattered on fields at the sanctuary's main Devon farm，and it is hoped that many will grow into plants this summer.They will provide food for threatened bird species such as linnets，yellowhammers and skylarks.Plantlife then aims to get the donkeys themselves involved，testing whether catchfly seeds benefit from being trampled into the ground as the donkeys take their exercise.Many plants have seeds that must be pressed into the soil in order to germinate.
"We're incredibly grateful to partners like the Donkey Sanctuary who are helping these fantastically rare wild flowers come back from the edge of extinction，"Cath Shellswell of Plantlife told The Guardian newspaper."We look forward to seeing small﹣flowered catchfly return and we are working with the sanctuary to ensure that this tiny plant has a thriving future."
24.Why are donkeys employed in Devon fields？
A.To work in the fields. B.To restore the catchfly. C.To avoid extinction. D.To raise crop yields.
25.What caused the decline of the catchfly's population？
A.Soil loss. B.Water pollution. C.Climate change. D.Modern agriculture.
26.How do donkeys help the catchfly come back？
A.By pressing its seeds into the soil. B.By working the land.
C.By providing nutrition for it. D.By spreading its seeds.
27.What is the best title of the passage？
A.Donkeys help fields flower again. B.Farmland becomes a natural habitat.
C.The biodiversity forms on Devon farms. D.The catchfly has a thriving future.
C
Swimming is a wonderful thing for me﹣ exercise，reflection and alone time.The only thing that can ruin a swim is when I shift my attention from my lane to what's happening in the lanes next to me.I can catch myself racing the person next to me，or comparing our strokes.
Comparison is actually not an emotion.Researchers explain that comparing the self with others，either intentionally or unintentionally，is a common social phenomenon.
Comparison is the desire for consistency from one side and competition from the other﹣ ﹣it's trying to be like everyone else，but better.When we compare ourselves with others，we are ranking around a specific collection of "alike things".I'm not swimming against Katie Ledecky's times.I'm just interested in the stranger in the lane next to me.When we compare，we want to be the best of our group.It's not be yourself and respect others for being genuine，but to win.I want to swim the same workout as you，and beat you at it.
In general，however，social comparisons are not associated with life satisfaction or the positive emotions of love and joy but are associated with the negative emotions of fear，anger，shame and sadness.
Here's what makes all of this really tough：Many social psychologists consider social comparison something that happens to us.More often than not，we don't even know we're doing it.This lack of awareness can lead to us showing up in ways that are hurtful to ourselves and others.
So we get to choose how we're going to let it affect us.My new strategy is to look at the person in the lane next to me，and say to myself，as if I'm talking to them， "Have a great swim." That way，I acknowledge the inevitable and make a conscious decision to wish them well，and return to my swim.So far，it's working pretty well.
28.What do we know about comparison？
A.It is nothing but an emotion. B.It is trying to be the true self.
C.It is to be different and be the best. D.It is to fit in and meanwhile to win.
29.What may be the author's attitude to social comparison？
A.Critical. B.Doubtful. C.Indifferent. D.Favorable.
30.What is the feature of social comparison in the eyes of many psychologists？
A.Its unavoidability. B.Its emotional influence. C.Its uncertainty. D.Its cultural root.
31.Why is swimming frequently mentioned in the text？
A.To present a social perspective on a sport issue.
B.To use it as an example to support an opinion.
C.To describe the right process of solving a problem.
D.To show love for sports with a personal experience.
D
You may think your dog likes you more than it does Dog owners tend to overestimate the bond they have with their pets，which could have implications for preventing dogs from roaming （walking） far from home or attacking other animals.
"As caregivers，we need to develop better bonds with our dogs，not only for our own well﹣being and the dogs well﹣being，but also for nature，" says Lorena Saavedra﹣Aracena at the University of Magallanes，Chile.
Previous research has shown that unsterilized （未杀菌的） male dogs and undernourished dogs tend to roam longer distances，but tis isn't always the case.Saavedra﹣Aracena wondered if the dogs attachment to their caregivers also played a role，so she ana her colleagues equipped 41 free﹣roaming pet dogs with GPS colIars，tracking their journeys on Navarino Island in southern Chile for about 3 weeks.
Although most of the dogs stayed within a 200﹣meter radius（半径） of home，Some travelled up to 28 kilometres away.One even swam in a near﹣freezing canal for an hour while chasing native water birds ，says saavdra﹣Aracena.The dogs regularly brought home carcasses （动物的尸体） of native birds，and 80 per cent of them harassed other animals，mainly local cattle and sheep.
The researchers asked owners to complete a standard survey about the dog﹣human bond.Then.to get the "dog's point of view"，they ran a behaviour test adapted from evaluations of children's bonds with their parents.Each dog was reunited with its owner in a new place.addressed by strangers，left alone in an unfamiliar room and given free access to a second，empty room.The team found that lower scores on the bonding test correlated with greater roaming distances.The owners of these dogs had assessed their pets' attachment to them as much stronger than the bonding tests suggested，says Saavedra﹣Aracena.Is it possible that people place too much weight on their dog's enthusiastic greetings as a sign of bonding，she says.Dogs that roamed the most often showed the most exuberant （energetic and excited） responses to seeing their owners again.They may have simply become accustomed to carrying out an "evolutionary" ritual （仪式）of bond re﹣establishment that is typical among pack members after long absences，says Saavedra﹣Aracena.
Relationships with other humans may have weakened the dog﹣owner bond in far﹣roaming dogs，she says.Neighbours sometimes give them food，and tourists hiking on the island offer walks and companionship，potentially reinforcing the roaming problem.
Outside opportunities for food，exercise and socialisation could all affect bonding，says Paul McGreevy at the University of New England in Australia.These aspects are critical to dog welfare and represent needs that must be met by its caregiver，both for building attachment and for controlling roaming behaviour."If any one of those three key resources is lacking，then the dog can be justified in going elsewhere." he says.
Although it has become less common to see roaming dogs in industrialised nations，they continue to roam freely in most societies，says Saavedra﹣Aracena.Even when owners restrain their pets，some dogs can escape their ropes.
"Unlike children who loosen bonds with their parents as they grow older，dogs can become more attached to their caregivers throughout their lives，" she says. "So，it's never too late to work on building that bond，playing with your dog and just spending time with him，getting to know him better，just like you would with a human partner."
32.From the research done by Saavedra﹣Aracena and her colleagues，we can learn that .
A.almost all the dogs were mistreated or didn't have the ability to breed.
B.the healthier the dog is，the farther it can escape.
C.most of the dogs didn't travel very far away.
D.the researchers follow the wandering dogs in the flesh.
33.The underlined word "harassed" probably means .
A.threatened B.generated C.sheltered D.avoided
34.From the passage，it can be inferred that .
A.food，sport and company are the three key factors when forming a bond with your dog
B.dog owners are more likely to consider their relationship with their dogs as close
C.the more energetically a dog responds o you，the closer the relationship you have with it is
D.dogs can become attracted by other people，which can result in them raveling farther than they otherwise would
35.The author writes the passage to .
A.inform us of the potential risks between dogs and their owners
B.remind dog owners to give more attention and time to their pet dogs
C.warn us to restrict the activities of dogs
D.present us with a piece of research that discuses how a relationship is formed between a dog and its owner
安徽省亳州市第二中学2021-2022学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题
第一节 （共15小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The 93rd Academy Awards ceremony was held on April 25, 2021, rather than its usual late-February date due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Winners
The nominee(被提名者) were announced on March15. The winners were announced during the awards ceremony. Chinese filmmaker Chloe Zhao became the first woman of color to win Best Director and the second woman overall after Kathryn Bigelow, who claimed the title at the 2010 ceremony for directing The Hurt Locker. Best Actress winner Frances McDormand became the seventh person to win a third acting Oscar and the second to win Best Actress three times. As a producer of Nomadland, she also was the first person in history to win Oscars for both acting and producing for the same film. Best Supporting Actress winner Youn Yuh-jung became the first Korean performer and second Asian female to win an Oscar after Miyoshi Umeki, who won the same category for her role in 1957's Sayonara.
Part of awards
Best Actor Anthony Hopkins—The Father as Anthony Best Supporting Actress Youn Yuh-jung—Minari as Soon-ja Best Director Chloe Zhao—Nomadland Best Production Design Mark—Production Design: Donal Graham Burt; Set Decoration: Jan Pascale Best Picture Nomadland—Frances McDormand, Peter Spears, and Chloe Zhao Best Cinematography Mank—Erik Messerschmidt Best Costume Design Ma Rainey's Black Bottom—Ann Roth Best Supporting Actor Daniel Kaluuya—Judas and the black Messiah as Fred Hampton
Rule changes
Due to the ceremony date change, the Academy changed the qualification deadline for feature films from December 31, 2020 to February 28, 2021. The Academy also revised its release and distribution requirements by allowing for films that were released via video on demand or streaming to be qualified for the awards.
21.Who is the first female to win the Academy Award for Best Director
A.Youn Yuh-jung. B. Kathryn Bigelow. C.Chloe Zhao. D.Frances McDormand.
22. Which film won the most awards in 2021 Oscar
A. Nomadland. B. The Father. C. Sayonara. D. Minari.
23.What was the deadline for feature films
A. April 25, 2021. B. March 15, 2021. C. December 31, 2020. D. February 28, 2021.
B
About 20 years ago, while on the way to visit a student’s house, Zhang Guimei, then a rural teacher in Huaping county, Lijiang, Yunnan province, noticed a girl sitting on the hillside. The girl, 13, told Zhang she was about to get married though she wanted to go to school. It was arranged by her parents.
Zhang went to her house and tried to persuade her parents to let the girl return to school and promised to pay for her tuition herself. However, they didn't agree. Zhang felt sorry not being able to help, "We always say, each child should stand on the same starting line, but these girls didn't even have a chance to get on the track." Zhang said.
It persuaded Zhang to build a free high school for girls, aiming to help break the cycle that saw women drop out of education, marry early and spend their whole life in the remote mountain. After years trying to raise funds, in 2008, Huaping High School for Girls, a free public high school, was founded, where Zhang is the principal. Over the decades, Zhang walked thousands of kilometers, visiting students' families in the deep mountain, talking to villagers, persuading girls to go back to school. It has been worth it. More than 1,800 graduates have been admitted to college, which is regarded as a "miracle" in the remote area, as most students didn't perform well in academic study before the school was established.
Though lacking full health, Zhang, now 63, insists on a daily routine-get up at around 5 a. m. to call students to get up with a loudspeaker, accompany students to classes and sleep after senior students' study ends at midnight. Zhang's husband died in the 1990s. She doesn't have children or a house, so she lives at the student dormitory. Besides girls in her school, Zhang also donates all her income to help rural education and poor people.
In early December, she was given the honor of the country's "role model for teachers" and "outstanding woman". Her moving stories inspire thousands of people.
24.Why did Zhang feel sorry when the girl's parents refused to let the girl return to school
A.The girl's family was too poor to pay for her tuition fee.
B.The girl had to marry a man who was much older than her.
C.The girl didn't even have the chance to complete her education.
D.The girl was unable to find a high school nearby to continue her education.
25.Why did it take Zhang many years to found the new high school for girls in Huaping
A.Not many girls want to attend this school.
B.Few parents support their girls' going to school.
C.The local government didn't offer the land for the school.
D.It was not easy for Zhang to get enough finance to build the school.
26.What do the underlined words "rural education" in the last but one paragraph mean
A.Education for the remote areas.
B.Education for girls
C.Education for those poor people.
D.Education for the unloved children.
27.What is the main idea of this passage
A.Teacher shows girls how to reach the top
B.Let girls stand on the same starting line
C.Inspiring stories of girls' education
D.Huaping High School for Girls
C
Those who work on the “996” model (where employees work from 9a.m. to 9p.m. 6 days a week) must envy their counterparts (对应的人)in an American company, because they have a shorter work week. Basecamp, a Chicago-based web application company gives all his employees a short work week: just four days—a total of 32 hours, between May and September every year. Also, they usually work five days a week for the rest of the year.
“That’s plenty of time to get great work done. This is all we expect and all we want from people,” says Jason Fried, a co-founder. “Working 60-plus, or 70-plus hours is unnecessary. In fact, if you have to work 60-plus or 70-plus hours a week, there’s a management problem.”
The company’s summer workload must fit reduced hours, Mr. Fried insists, otherwise the benefits of a shorter week - to recover from work, enjoy time with family and develop outside interests - would be undone.
His new research finds that it is not just long hours that are harmful to employees’ physical and mental health. It is also the intensity (强度)of work. Moreover, it suggests that intensity work harms career prospects (前景).That is because unbearable hours and intensity are in the opposite direction, reducing the quality of the work.
The research concludes that the level of intensity we apply to the work we do is generally “a stronger predictor of unfavorable outcomes than overtime work”. The research compared people of similar jobs and education levels, and found they were more likely to suffer poorer happiness and worse career prospects, including satisfaction, security and promotion, when they worked at an intense level for long periods.
28. What do we know about Basecamp’s four — day work week
A. It lasts nearly half a year. B. The work pressure is too high.
C. There are some management problems. D. Employees work more than 8 hours a day.
29. What does Mr. Fried intend to say in paragraph 2
A. Given plenty of time, people can do more.
B. To get work done well needs plenty of time.
C. People can do a job very well in a short work week.
D. A long work week is appropriate for reduced workload.
30. What does the research mentioned in the text want to tell us
A. Getting much more rest. B. Improving work quality.
C. Refusing a five-day work week. D. Avoiding working too intensely.
31. What can be the best title for this passage
A. Shorter Week, Better Reward B. More Work, More Profits
C. Less Work, Less Benefits D. Longer Hours, Higher Intensity
D
In their letters to Santa Claus, most kids ask for toys, dolls or maybe a new Xbox. All Jonah Simons wanted was a coronavirus cure to save the world. That was last year. This holiday season, the 10-year-old Florida boy is back with a different request for Santa.
“Dear Santa, it’s Jonah. Do you remember me I was the one who asked for a covid cure,” he wrote in a letter addressed to the North Pole and shared with CNN. “Thank you so much for the vaccine! You helped save lives. This year, can I please have a Santa costume to spread your joy around the world ”
With a relentless virus and threats of the Omicron variant still plaguing（困扰） a weary nation, Jonah has big plans for the Santa suit. “I want to wear it and go around the neighborhood and spread Santa’s joy, asking people what they want for Christmas.” the fifth-grader said.
Jonah turned 10 in July, and instead of gifts, he asked his family and friends to donate to St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital. His birthday effort raised $1,000 in donations from family and friends all over—even his favorite employees at the local Publix store, his mother said.
He also marked his birthday by donating his hair to Locks of Love, the charity that makes wigs(假发) for kids with cancer or other medical conditions. During a year of lockdown, he teamed up with some friends and grew out his hair to nine inches.
Jonah’s good deeds are not limited to birthdays. He works to help his community all year, including donating and sorting food for the homeless with the organization Feeding South Florida, and packing holiday gifts for children.
32.What does Jonah want as a Christmas gift this year
A.A covid cure. B. Toys and dolls. C. Anew Xbox. D. A Santa suit.
33.Which one of the following doesn’t belong to the good behaviour of Jonah
A.Donating his hair to a charity.
B.Sending his birthday gifts to St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital.
C.Wrapping holiday gifts for kids.
D.Contributing food to the homeless.
34.Which of the following best describes Jonah
A.Kind and courageous. B. Generous and brave.
C. Caring and helpful. D. Friendly and innocent.
35. What can we infer from the passage
A. Jonah didn’t realize his wish last year.
B. The coronavirus is still not under complete control.
C. Jonah raised $1,000 from his family and friends all over.
D. Jonah wants to wear a Santa suit and go around the neighborhood and spread Santa’s joy.
安徽省合肥市第六中学2021-2022学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Four Best Astronomy Books
This list has been updated 24 times since it was first published in 2015. Our selection includes editions specifically written to attract youngsters, some of which are for more advanced students. Each of them contains breathtaking, full-color images.
●The Backyard Astronomer’s Guide
The Backyard Astronomer’s Guide (about $30) is a great resource suitable for beginners and experts. It offers in-depth guidance on everything from picking the perfect telescope to avoiding light pollution, with tips on how best to explore the deep sky.
Features:
Over 500 bright photographs
Detailed maps of the Milky Way
●Far out: A Space-Time Chronicle
Far out: A Space-Time Chronicle (about $25) takes you on a journey through time using the concept of light speed to introduce the vastness of the universe. It’s a real page-turner, with one impressive photo after another, and will let your imagination run wild.
Features:
Making connections to human history
Written in a poetic style
Informative and thoughtful
●NightWatch: A Practical Guide to Viewing the Universe
This book (about $18) has sold upwards of 600,000 copies of its three previous editions. It comes with a variety of charts showing various events, such as when to expect a solar and lunar eclipse (日蚀和月蚀).
Features:
Great for those using telescopes
Helpful telescope shopping tips
●Astronomy: A Self-Teaching Guide
Perfect for ordinary people or those wanting to get a taste of the subject before devoting themselves to a formal class, this book (about $11) makes it easy for them to learn the main topics and basic rules of a college-level course on their own.
Features:
No math required
Self-tests to check progress
Explaining professional terms
21. What can we say about the book Far Out: A Space-Time Chronicle
A. It is funny and strange. B. It is exciting and imaginative.
C. It is breathtaking and popular. D. It is instructive and challenging.
22. Which book is suitable for college astronomy beginners
A. Far Out: A Space-Time Chronicle B. The Backyard Astronomer’s Guide
C. Astronomy: A Self-Teaching Guide D. NightWatch: A Practical Guide to Viewing the Universe
23. What do the four books have in common
A. They all have colorful pictures. B. They are all updated regularly.
C. They are all aimed at young kids. D. They all focus on the solar system.
B
Not being able to see the world in the same way as others is often considered a drawback (缺陷), but the view from different eyes can also be helpful. 79-year-old Robert is a forerunner (先驱) in underwater robotic technology. Before discovering he was dyslexic (诵读困难的), Ballard believed that’s how everyone else saw the world, but it’s his special ability to take in large amounts of information at the same time that has led to his greatest achievements.
While he finally had an explanation for early learning problems that set him apart from other children, the realization also went a long way toward explaining just how special his gift of vision was. “ I live in an underwater world where everywhere I go is totally dark, so I have to visualize it in my mind, ” Ballard told the Newsweek “ I’m able to take all information into my head and then form a mental image of a world of total darkness. Because I see it in my mind. ”
Ballard is the man responsible for finding the lost ship of the RMS Titanic. Although he is well known for finding the ship Titanic, when the discovery was made, Ballard was on a top-secret mission for the U. S. government. Searching for the storied lost liner was just his cover story.
None of these things would have been possible, he believes, had he not seen the world through a dyslexic’s eyes. In his new book, Into the Deep, Ballard wrote about his personal history and storied career, along with the very important role his dyslexia played in all that he’s finished.
Nearing 80, Ballard is doing more these days. He continues to be actively involved in new projects, which he says “ are like a pack of hounds (猎犬) ” hunting the 3,999,040 remaining ships in the sea. In addition, Ballard is partnering with National Geographic to create a program offering educational opportunities so that dyslexics who come from disadvantaged backgrounds can better achieve their full goals.
24. What makes Ballard different from others by birth
A. He has difficulty speaking as normally as others.
B. He has had poor eye sight since his childhood.
C. He sees things differently from other people.
D. He can find more information than others.
25. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
A. How dyslexia affects Ballard. B. Ballard’s childhood experiences.
C. How Ballard fights against dyslexia. D. Ballard’s feelings about his special world.
26. How does Ballard think about his disease
A. It should be known by more people. B. It greatly contributes to his success.
C. It should be cured as early as possible. D. It prevents him from living a normal life.
27. What can we learn from Ballard’s experience
A. It is never too late to learn. B. Two heads are better than one.
C. One can succeed by working hard. D. One’s disadvantage can turn into strengths.
C
During a pandemic (流行病), for many reasons, there are lots of poor parents who are isolated (隔离) with their kids, or roommates who are stuck together in an apartment. But what about the people who have nobody to talk to
It is common that people feel lonely. However, during the pandemic, this situation can be much worse for experiences like long-time hospital stays or being unable to move due to poor health, disability or age.
Recently, a friendly robot named Robin got a test run in the children’s treatment center of the Wigmore Clinic in Yerevan. About as tall as an 8-year-old child, Robin’s plastic body and square head may not put you in mind of a human partner, but its face screen containing two big eyes and expressive brows (眉毛) is attractive, which can help children forget their stress for a while.
A hospital can be very stressful for anybody. And the time of treatment and recovery might seem tiresomely long to an adult stuck in a hospital bed. For a child who can’t play with his or her friends or sometimes even family, the long course and boring atmosphere seem unbearable. That’s where Robin comes in. It can recognize facial expressions and use the mood of a talk to build personalized, natural conversations and dialogues with a lonely child in the way another child might use. Robin also plays games, tells stories, and makes children take part in various other activities.
According to Expper Technologies, the makers of Robin, during the program with Wigmore Clinic, Robin improved the experience of children in the hospital by 26 percent over those who did not have the chance to play with Robin, and reduced their stress levels by 34 percent during their hospital stay. Mary, whose son was one of those users, said, “ Thanks to Robin, my son became happy every day during this pandemic.” John Smith, a father of a five-year-old girl in the clinic, told a reporter, “Robin is a great partner. It brings big smiles to my daughter’s face.”
28. Why does the author mention the experiences of people isolated during the pandemic
A. To call on people to care for those in need.
B. To draw people’s attention to healthy living.
C. To point out people’s loneliness during the pandemic.
D. To encourage people to fight against the pandemic bravely.
29. What can we learn about robot Robin from Paragraph 4
A. It can cheer up children with great communication skills.
B. It is quite difficult to operate for the young patients.
C. Its design is based on some children’s ideas.
D. Its functions need further tests.
30. What’s the parents’ attitude towards the application of robot Robin
A. Doubtful. B. Negative. C. Objective. D. Supportive.
31. What could be the best title for the text
A. Robot Robin is introduced into people’s daily life.
B. Robot Robin helps make sick children’s life easier.
C. Robots have been used to treat patients in hospital.
D. Robots have brought both benefits and challenges.
D
To know parents’ influence on students’ learning, researchers studied 438 kids and their parents. Before a school year started, the researchers asked parents to write down how anxious they would feel in different situations connected with math like planning their money spending or checking their house’s size. They also checked their children’s math ability and math anxiety in a school year.
The study found kids whose parents were anxious about math learned less math over the school year. And these kids didn’t perform as well on the tests as those who hadn’t been exposed to math anxiety. Besides, these kids also were more likely to become nervous about math themselves. But these kids only “ caught ” that anxiety if their parents had often tried to help with their homework. This is an example of good intentions having a bad result.
The study’s result appeared in Psychological Science. Erin Maloney led the study. As someone who has personally experienced math anxiety, she says, “ I was always very nervous about math, not only taking tests but also learning the new concepts. So I really tried to balk at math, including finding excuses to miss math tests and not wanting to do math homework. ” It was only after she saw how math could be applied to her passion that she started to enjoy math.
Parents with math anxiety should still support their kids as the kids work on math homework, though. But they should know helping kids with schoolwork requires more than just going over facts and concepts. Parents should help kids look for ways to have fun with math, like playing math-based games. When kids have difficulty in learning, encourage them to bravely face it but don’t make them nervous.
What can students do if they’re already nervous about math Maloney says, “ My earlier study showed that students who wrote about their fears of math for 7 to 10 minutes before taking a math test performed better on that test. After the writing process，many students said their fears weren’t such a big deal. ”
32. The 438 kids’ parents were asked to present ______ .
A. their attitudes to school education B. their opinions on kids’ math ability
C. their ways to solve kids’ math anxiety D. their math anxiety levels in their daily life
33. What result did Maloney’s team report in Psychological Science
A. Kids are more likely to be afraid of math.
B. Some parents pay little attention to their kids’ study.
C. Kids can pick up negative thoughts about math from their parents.
D. Parents should help with their kids’ homework as little as possible.
34. What does the underlined phrase “ balk at ” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A. Enjoy. B. Avoid. C. Learn. D. Understand.
35. What advice would Maloney probably give to students on their math anxiety
A. Working closely with their math teachers.
B. Seeking help during their learning process.
C. Sparing some time to go over their notes daily.
D. Removing math anxiety by admitting it to themselves.
安徽省滁州市定远县育才学校2021-2022学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题
第一节 （共15题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A, B,C或D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
King’s College Summer School
King’s College Summer School is an annual training program for high school students at all levels who want to improve their English. Courses are given by the teachers of King’s College and other colleges in New York. Trips to museums and culture centers are also organized. This year’s summer school will be from July 25 to August 15.
More information is as follows:
Application dateStudents in New York should send their applications before July 18, 2017. Students of other cities should send their applications before July 16, 2017. Foreign students should send their applications before July 10, 2017. Courses English Language Spoken English: 22 hours Reading and Writing: 10 hours American History: 16 hours American Culture: 16 hours
Steps A letter of self-introduction A letter of recommendation ﹡The letters should be written in English with all the necessary information. Cost Daily lessons: $200 Sports and activities: $100 Travels: $200 Hotel service: $400 ﹡You may choose to live with your friends or relatives in the same city.
Please write to:Thompson, Sanders 1026 King’ s Street New York, NY 10016, US E-mail: KC-Summer-School@
21．Which of the following is true about King’s College Summer School
A．Only top students can take part in the program.
B．King’s College Summer School is run every other year.
C．Visits to museums and culture centers are part of the program.
D．Only the teachers of King’s College give courses.
22．If you are to live with your relatives in New York, you will have to pay the school _______.
A．$200 B．$400
C．$500 D．$900
23．What information can you get from the text
A．The program will last two months.
B．You can write to Thompson only in English.
C．As a Chinese student, you can send your application on July 14, 2017.
D．You can get in touch with the school by e-mail or by telephone.
B
On Saturday 24 August 1918, it was raining cats and dogs and thundering over a city called Sunderland on the northeast coast of England. The storm lasted for only about ten minutes. People were surprised to see that it was not just rainwater falling from the sky. There were fish falling down, too! People came out to find out what was happening. They could not believe their own eyes. There were thousands of fish — sand eels— lying on the ground. They were about seven centimeters long, and all were frozen solid.
Sand eels swim together in large groups, often in sandy water, and are often found in large numbers in the North Sea, which reaches out to the east of Sunderland. How was it possible for these sand eels to fall from the sky and land on Sunderland
Scientists believed the heavy thunderstorm that afternoon may have caused a waterspout. Waterspouts can be formed when strong winds move quickly in a circle over water. They are so powerful; anything less than one meter in length can be taken into them and forced into the clouds. The clouds carry whatever has been taken into them for long distances — sometimes over 150 kilometers. It’s very cold up there and everything soon freezes solid.
For hundreds of years there have been reports of small animals being taken into the sky through waterspouts. In 2009, dead tadpoles rained down on the city of Nanao in Japan. In 2012, fifty kilos of prawns fell from the sky over Sri Lanka. In 2017, fish fell on the coastal city of Tampico In Mexico.
It must be a very strange experience to see fish raining down on you. It would probably hurt if one fell on your head! With climate change, global warming and many reports of terrible natural disasters, will the time ever come when it may really begin to rain cats and dogs
24．What was the rain like on 24 August 1918
A．It was very heavy. B．It fell around England.
C．It lasted quite a long time. D．It caused many human deaths.
25．What do we know about the sand eels that landed on Sunderland
A．They were few in number. B．They came in different sizes.
C．They were still alive when landing. D．They probably came from the North Sea.
26．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A．Clouds. B．Waterspouts. C．Strong winds. D．The waters of the sea.
27．In the end, what does the author probably care most about
A．Our health. B．Our environment.
C．The wild animals. D．The news reports.
C
You already know many things that can reduce your chances of getting various types of cancer. Avoiding tobacco (烟草) products is an important thing, but have you ever considered your choice of dinner time as a reason for your risk of cancer Probably not, but new research suggests that you might want to consider it.
A new study published in the International Journal of Cancer draws some very interesting connection between people’s time for dinner and their risk (风险) of developing certain types of cancers, including breast and prostate (前列腺) cancer, which are two of the largest killers of men and women.
“Modern life often means mistimed sleeping and eating that are connected with poor health effects in experimental studies,” the researchers explain. The research mainly focuses on how long before bedtime a person eats their last meal of the day. People who eat before 9 p. m or eat at least n couple of hours before hitting the sack have lower risks of developing cancers. The scientists find that these people enjoy a 20% drop in cancer risk when compared to those who eat dinner after 10 p.m. or eat right before climbing into bed.
The researchers followed the habits of thousands of people and tracked their nighttime eating habits and whether or not they developed cancer over the long term. The numbers seem to point towards early dinners being a very beneficial thing if you’re hoping to avoid some of the more common types of cancer, but the scientists still don’t know exactly why that’s true. At the moment they believe circadian rhythm (生物钟) is playing a role, though they can’t say exactly how.
28．Why are tobacco products mentioned (提到) in Paragraph 1
A．To introduce the topic.
B．To make comparisons.
C．To advertise some products.
D．To show the harm of smoking.
29．What does the underlined part “hitting the sack” in Paragraph 3 mean
A．Getting up. B．Going to bed.
C．Drinking some soup. D．Taking some medicine.
30．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．The researchers didn’t have long-term research plans.
B．The researchers need further work to improve their study.
C．The researchers have confirmed the way of circadian rhythm works.
D．The researchers have found the real causes of some types of cancer.
31．What is mainly talked about in the passage
A．Food and cancer. B．Tobacco and cancer.
C．Sleeping and cancer. D．Dinner time and cancer.
D
The "cloud war" is taking place as the dispute between the United States and China about data hacking and computer network security grows stronger. Chinese companies such as Alibaba, Baidu and Huawei are expanding within their country and gaining customers in other countries. They are creating data centers in multiple countries and trying to sell data management services throughout the world.
The increasing competition in cloud computing and storage incurs the new challenge and worries some experts. They are concerned about the safety of data. After all, companies often use the cloud to store important, confidential information and to operate such activities as data-driven machinery, telecommunications, banking and transport systems — including plans for driverless vehicles.
Lee Branstetter is an associate professor of economics at the Heinz School of Policy and Management of the Carnegie Mellon University. He told many multi-national companies "have serious concerns about the protection of their intellectual property （知识产权）."Branstetter said some of these large companies already believe they have lost valuable information.
Sheila Jasanoff is the director of the program on science, technology and society at Harvard's Kennedy School. She called the cloud computing industry "unruly". In other words, the industry is not strictly governed.
"People （in the business） are making rules as they go along or taking advantage of the lack of rules," Jasanoff said. She said cloud computing companies are not clear about what security measures they are promising customers. She is worried that a major accident may happen before governments realize the need for stronger rules in the cloud computing industry. She believes there should be internationally-accepted rules to meet the new challenge. But she does not believe an international agreement will be reached anytime soon.
32．What does the "cloud war" refer to
A．The war up in the sky.
B．Some kind of cold war.
C．The China-US relationship.
D．The competition on the "cloud".
33．What concerns some experts according to Paragraph 2
A．Information security.
B．Wars among countries.
C．The storage of “cloud”.
D．The lack of technology.
34．Which of the following may be consistent with Jasanoff's opinion
A．A major accident is bound to take place soon.
B．An agreement is to be reached in the near future.
C．The cloud industry needs guiding and monitoring.
D．Governments have kept an eye on cloud industry.
35．What is the best title for the text
A．China's Rise or Not
B．New War, New Challenge
C．Chances on Cloud Information
D．Growth of Cloud Computing Industry
安徽省滁州市定远县民族中学2021-2022学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A, B,C或D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
The 2022 Winter Olympics, also known as Beijing 2022, is scheduled to take place from February 4 to February 20, 2022, which is in the Chinese New Year period. Beijing, the first city to host both the summer and winter Olympics, is partnering with Zangjiakou to host the winter games.
Dates
February 2-3: preliminary competitions for ice hockey, curling, and freestyle skiing
February 4: Opening Ceremony
February 4-20: events, competitions, and finals
February 20: Closing Ceremony
Events
A total of 109 events are set to take place in the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics. Seven new events have been added, including ski jumping mixed team, snowboard cross mixed team and short track speed skating team relay. For the first time, a female athletes percentage of over 45.44% to attend the winter games has been reached, making Beijing 2022 probably the most gender-balanced Winter Olympics to date.
Tickets
On Sept. 30, the International Olympic Committee announced that tickets will be sold exclusively (专门地) to those living in China’s mainland. Ticket booking hasn’t yet started. According to the report sent to IOC, there would be three types of tickets, tickets for the opening ceremony, tickets for events competitions, and tickets for the closing ceremony, costing from 50 to 4,882 CNY per ticket. The highest ticket prices are for the opening and closing ceremonies, from 732 to 4,882 CNY. Tickets for popular events are about 149 to 1,464 CNY, and tickets for general events are around 50 to 490 CNY.
21．What is special about 2022 Winter Olympics
A．More female events have been added. B．It will last for over 20 days in two cities.
C．It will be held during the Spring Festival. D．The number of female athletes has increased.
22．What can we know about the tickets
A．They are not on sale now. B．There are four kinds of them.
C．Any sports lover can get them. D．They are more expensive than before.
23．What is the purpose of the text
A．To explain. B．To advertise. C．To educate. D．To introduce.
B
I spent the first 20 years of my life stressing about what other people thought about me. Did they like my hair style Did they hate my backpack So, I tried to hide my inborn nerdiness as much as possible, especially when it came to my secret dream: saving the world.
My enthusiasm and love for environmental protection started when I was 13 and my favorite teen magazine arrived in the mail with a “Save the Earth, Girl!” cover. I remember it so clearly! It was filled with all sorts of easy tips to go green, such as turning off the water while you brush your teeth. My parents were also eager to start recycling and reusing, so we became that family—the ones who washed out containers and used them for storage and the ones who carried canvas bags to the grocery store and our own mugs to the coffee shop.
I knew it was the right thing to do for the environment, but I always felt uncomfortable and stepped back every time my mom would dig a plastic bottle out of a public trashcan and put it in the recycling bag. One day, the most popular girl in school, Julie M, laughed at me in front of my entire AP English class for drinking out of a reusable Thermos instead of store-bought water bottle.
I honestly thought I might die of shame. I went back home that day and told my mom all the details. “Well, which do you like better,” she said calmly, clearly used to this kind of public distortion, “Julie or the earth ”
And right then, something clicked. I actually hated Julie—she was rude and ridiculous. Why did I care what she—or anyone—thought about my eco-ness At the end of the day I was proud of myself for helping the environment and I knew I was doing the right thing.
24．Why did the author go green at the age of 13
A．Her inborn nerdiness drove her to do it. B．Her family became poor at that time.
C．She was inspired by her favorite magazine. D．Her parents encouraged her to protect the environment.
25．How did the author feel when her mother picked up plastic bottles from the trashcan
A．Bored. B．Admirable. C．Moved. D．Awkward.
26．What does the underlined word mean in paragraph 4
A．Support. B．Misunderstanding. C．Praise. D．Anger.
27．What can we learn from the last paragraph
A．The author forgave Julie in the end. B．The author failed to save the world.
C．The author changed her love for going green. D．The author would go on with what she was doing.
C
Wilhelm Conrad R ntgen, a German physicist, produced and detected X-rays, which earned him the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901.
He was born to a family of a German businessman and cloth producer. In 1865, he was unfairly forced to leave high school. Without a high school diploma, R ntgen could not attend university. Upon hearing that he could enter the Federal Polytechnic Institute in Zurich, he passed the entrance examination and began studies there. In 1869, he graduated with a PhD．Then he held positions as professor in several universities. In 1888, he obtained the physics chair at the University of Würzburg.
In an experiment in 1895, he occasionally found a strange unknown light. It turned out that there was a piece of cardboard, mysterious light is from it. “But why does this cardboard produce light ” He asked himself and was determined to test it.
For days on end, he shut himself away in his laboratory, where nothing seemed to make sense to him outside, intent on this nameless ray. After seven weeks of secret experiments, Wilhelm R ntgen found that the effect is caused by an invisible ray that can pass through paper and 2--3 cm thick wood and thin aluminium sheets. If you put your hand between the tube and the screen, you can see the bones in your hand. On December 28,1895, he announced his new discovery, calling the unknown ray X-ray.
R ntgen was married to Anna Bertha Ludwig, who was six years his senior, for 47 years until her death in 1919. In 1866 they met in Zürich. But his father didn’t approve due to her age. Their marriage began with financial difficulties as family support from R ntgen had ceased.
28．R ntgen couldn’t go to university because ________.
A．he didn’t graduate from high school B．his family was very poor
C．he didn’t pass the entrance examination D．his general scores were not good
29．What caused R ntgen to discover X-ray
A．Other scientists’ research and help B．His team’s efforts and cooperation
C．His curiosity and determination D．The attraction of fame
30．Which of the following about R ntgen is NOT mentioned
A．His achievement B．His education
C．His life D．His hobbies
31．R ntgen’s father was against his marriage probably because ________.
A．his wife was from a poor family B．his wife was older than him
C．they were too young to be married D．his father disliked her character
D
Grandparents who help out occasionally with childcare in their community tend to live longer than seniors who do not care for other people, according to a study from Berlin, Germany.
“Having no contact with grandchildren at all can negatively impact grandparents’ health. This link could be deeply rooted in our evolutionary past when help with childcare was important for the survival of the human species,” said Sonja Hilbrand, one of the researchers.
The findings are drawn from data on more than 500 people over age 70. Overall, after accounting for grandparents’ age and general state of health, the risk of dying over a 20-year period was one-third lower for grandparents who cared for their grandchildren, compared with grandparents who provided no childcare.
Caregiving was associated with a longer life even when the care receiver wasn’t a relative. Half of all childless seniors who provided support to friends or neighbors lived for seven years after the study began, while non-helpers lived for four years on average.
“Caregiving may give caregivers a purpose of life because they may feel useful for others and society. Caregiving may be thought also as an activity that keeps caregivers physically and mentally active,” said Professor Bruno Arpino.
Arpino noted, however, that caregiving is not the only activity that can improve health and that too many caring responsibilities can take away from other beneficial activities like working, being in social clubs, or volunteering. “Children should take into account their parents’ needs, willingness, and desires and agree with them on the timing and amount of childcare,” he suggested.
“It is very important that every individual decides for himself/herself, what proper amounts of help means,” Hilbrand said, adding, “As long as you do not feel stressed about the intensity (强度) of help you provide you may be doing something good for others as well as for yourself.”
32．What is the caregiving study based on
A．Human evolutionary history. B．Demand modern society.
C．Social contact between relatives. D．Data on many elderly people.
33．In Arpino’s opinion, childcare ________.
A．is sure to keep old people away from illnesses
B．allows old people to live a more meaningful life
C．creates more job opportunities for old people
D．makes social activities inaccessible to old people
34．What does the underlined part “take into account” in Paragraph 6 probably mean
A．Consider. B．Ignore.
C．Favor. D．Limit.
35．What does the last paragraph tell us
A．Grandparents can do anything in their own interests.
B．Grandparents should share more social responsibilities.
C．Proper amounts of childcare do good to grandparents.
D．Caregiving guarantees every grandparent a longer life.
参考答案
安徽省合肥市第一中学2021-2022学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题
阅读理解
A篇
这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了亚历克斯在一度3000英尺高的墙上挑战，完成了一次终极单人徒手攀爬。
21.B．细节理解题。根据第二段"Every step，he had to be extra careful to keep the balance.All the time he had to shine his headlamp on the cold，smooth part of stones to decide where he could next place his foot."（每走一步，他都必须格外小心以保持平衡。他必须一直把头灯照在冰冷光滑的石头上，以决定下一步该把脚放在哪里。）可知，第二段提到头照灯是为了表明自由攀爬是非常危险的。故选B项。
22.B．词句猜测题。根据第三段"Every time I got no response"（每次我没有得到回应）以及"But it turned out that I was wrong.He was still moving on."（但结果证明我错了，他还在继续前进。）可知，摄影师在没有得到回应的时候，以为亚历克斯放弃了，但事实证明亚历克斯还在继续前进，推测"Alex was bailing"表示"亚历克斯放弃了"。结合选项：A.Alex was climbing.亚历克斯在爬山；B.Alex was giving up.亚历克斯放弃了；C.Alex was struggling.亚历克斯在挣扎；D.Alex was being saved.亚历克斯得救了。故选B项。
23.D．推理判断题。根据第四段"In 2016，after several failures，Alex knew he would try again.His foot tap﹣tap﹣tapped against the wall as if he was feeling his way into the huge rock，but he wouldn't turn back this time.And then，he stood on the top and he made it!"（2016年，在几次失败后，亚历克斯知道他会再次尝试。他的脚一次又一次轻扣墙面，好像他正在摸索着进入那块巨大的岩石，但这次他不会往回走。然后，他站在顶端，他成功了！）可知，亚历克斯经历了多次失败后，凭借坚强的意志，终于站在顶端，获得了成功，旨在告诉读者坚强的意志可以通往平坦的道路。故选D项。
B篇
本文为说明文。文章介绍了慈善组织Plantlife如何使用驴来使即将灭绝的捕虫草再次繁荣。介绍具体的操作过程以及人们对此的看法。
24.B.细节理解题。根据第一段中A conservation charity called Planflife has employed donkeys as"ecosystem engineers"to encourage the return of the endangered small﹣flowered catchfly.（一家名为Planflife的保护慈善机构聘请驴子担任"生态系统工程师"，以鼓励濒危小花捕虫草的回归）可知，德文郡的农场雇佣驴子来恢复捕虫草。故选B。
25.D.细节理解题。根据第二段中Experts blame its decline on modern farming practices.（专家将其下降归咎于现代农业实践）可知，由于受现代农业活动的影响，捕虫草大量消失。故选D。
26.A.推理判断题。根据第三段中Plantlife then aims to get the donkeys themselves involved，testing whether catchfly seeds benefit from being trampled into the ground as the donkeys take their exercise.Many plants have seeds that must be pressed into the soil in order to germinate.（Plantlife的目标是让驴子们自己参与进来，测试当驴子们锻炼身体时，捕虫草的种子是否会被踩到地上。许多植物的种子必须压入土壤中才能发芽）可推知，27.D.标题判断题。第一段中A conservation charity called Planflife has employed donkeys as"ecosystem engineers"to encourage the return of the endangered small﹣flowered catchfly.（一家名为Planflife的保护慈善机构聘请驴子担任"生态系统工程师"，以鼓励濒危小花捕虫草的回归）结合文章介绍了慈善组织Plantlife如何使用驴来使即将灭绝的捕虫草再次繁荣。介绍具体的操作过程以及人们对此的看法。故D选项The catchfly has a thriving future."捕虫草有着欣欣向荣的未来"最符合文章标题。故选D。
C篇
作者以游泳为例，告诉我们"比较"是一种普遍的社会现象，社会比较与恐惧、愤怒、羞耻和悲伤的消极情绪有关，但是我们可以选择如何让它影响我们，正确的选择会让一切进展顺利。
28.C.细节理解题。根据第二段第一句"Comparison is actually not an emotion.比较实际上不是一种情感。"可知，A项"It is nothing but an emotion.它只是一种情感。"错误；根据第三段第五句"It's not be yourself and respect others for being genuine，but to win.不是做你自己，尊重别人的真诚，而是去赢。"可知，B项"It is trying to be the true self.它是努力做真实的自己"错误，D项"It is to ft in and meanwhile to win.它是去适应同时要赢。"错误；根据第三段的第一句"Comparison is the desire for consistency from one side and competition from the other﹣ ﹣it's trying to be like everyone else，but better.比较是一方对一致性的渴望，另一方对竞争的渴望﹣ ﹣它试图像其他人一样，但更好。"和第四句"When we compare，we want to be the best of our group.当我们比较的时候，我们想成为我们中最好的。"可知，C项"It is to be different and be the best.那就是与众不同，成为最好的。"正确。故选C。
29.A.观点态度题。根据第四段" In general，however，social comparisons are not associated with life satisfaction or the positive emotions of love and joy but are associated with the negative emotions of fear，anger，shame and sadness.然而，一般来说，社会比较与生活满意度或者爱与快乐的积极情绪无关，而是与恐惧、愤怒、羞耻和悲伤的消极情绪有关。"可知，作者觉得"social comparison社会比较"与恐惧、愤怒、羞耻和悲伤的消极情绪有关，持否定和批判的态度。故选A。
30.A.细节理解题。根据第五段中的"Here's what makes all of this really tough：Many social psychologists consider social comparison something that happens to us.这就是为什么所有这一切都很困难：许多社会心理学家认为社会比较是发生在我们身上的事情。"可知，在社会心理学家看来，它是发生在我们身上的事情，是不可避免的。故选A。
31.B.推理判断题。第一段"Swimming is a wonderful thing for me﹣ exercise，reflection and alone time.The only thing that can ruin a swim is when I shift my attention from my lane to what's happening in the lanes next to me.I can catch myself racing the person next to me，or comparing our strokes.游泳对我来说是一件美妙的事情——锻炼、反思和独处的时间。唯一能毁掉游泳的事情就是当我把注意力从泳道转移到我旁边泳道发生的事情时，我能发现自己在和旁边的人比赛，或者比较我们的划水。"作者提到游泳，并引出话题"比较"；第三段"I'm not swimming against Katie Ledecky's times，I'm just interested in the stranger in the lane next to me.When we compare，we want to be the best of our group.It's not be yourself and respect others for being genuine，but to win.I want to swim the same workout as you，and beat you at it.我不是在和 katie ledecky 比赛，我只是对旁边泳道上的陌生人感兴趣。当我们比较的时候，我们想成为我们中最好的。不是做你自己，尊重别人的真诚，而是赢得比赛。我想和你一样的训练，在这方面击败你。"提到游泳，从而引出下文作者的观点" In general，however，social comparisons are not associated with life satisfaction or the positive emotions of love and joy but are associated with the negative emotions of fear，anger，shame and sadness.然而，一般来说，社会比较与生活满意度或者爱与快乐的积极情绪无关，而是与恐惧、愤怒、羞耻和悲伤的消极情绪有关。"；最后一段"So we get to choose how we're going to let it affect us.My new strategy is to look at the person in the lane next to me，and say to myself，as if I'm talking to them， "Have a great swim." That way，I acknowledge the inevitable and make a conscious decision to wish them well，and return to my swim.So far，it's working pretty well.所以我们可以选择如何让它影响我们，我的新策略是看着我旁边车道上的人，然后对自己说，就好像我在跟他们说话一样‘祝你游得愉快'这样的话，我就能意识到不可避免的事情，然后有意识地做出决定，祝他们好运，然后继续游泳，到目前为止，一切都很顺利。"提到游泳，陈述"我的新策略"；所以作者频繁地提到游泳，都是以游泳为例，陈述自己对于"比较"的观点和策略。故选B。
D篇
狗主人往往会高估他们与宠物之间的联系，这可能会影响到防止狗离家很远的地方游荡或攻击其他动物。Saavedra﹣Aracena和他的同事通过研究表明我们需要和我们的狗建立更好的关系，不仅仅是为了我们自己的幸福和狗的幸福，也是为了大自然。食物、运动和陪伴是我们与狗建立联系的三个关键因素。狗会在一生中变得更加依恋照顾它们的人，狗主人应给他们的宠物狗更多的关注和陪伴时间。
32.C.细节理解题。根据第四段第一句"Although most of the dogs stayed within a 200﹣meter radius of home，Some travelled up to 28 kilometres away.尽管大多数狗停留在200米半径内，有些狗还是行走了了23公里。"可知大多数的狗都没有走得很远。故选C。
33.A.词义猜测题。根据第一段第一句"You may think your dog likes you more than it does Dog owners tend to overestimate the bond they have with their pets，which could have implications for preventing dogs from roaming （walking） far from home or attacking other animals.你可能会认为你的狗比它更喜欢你。狗主人往往会高估他们与宠物之间的联系，这可能会影响到防止狗离家很远的地方游荡（散步）或攻击其他动物。"和前半句"The dogs regularly brought home carcasses of native birds，这些狗经常把本地鸟的尸体带回家，"可知，划线的单词意思是"攻击或威胁"。分析选项，A.threatened威胁；B.generated产生，生成；C.sheltered庇护；D.avoided避免，只有A符合句意。故选A。
34.A.推理判断题。根据第七段第一句"Outside opportunities for food，exercise and socialisation could all affect bonding，says Paul McGreevy at the University of New England in Australia.澳大利亚新英格兰大学的保罗.麦克格里维说，外界的食物、锻炼和社交机会都可能影响亲密关系。"和第三句"‘If any one of those three key resources is lacking，then the dog can be justified in going elsewhere.'he says.‘如果这三个关键资源中的任何一个缺乏，那么狗就有理由去其他地方。'他说。" 可知，食物、运动和陪伴是与你的狗建立联系的三个关键因素。故选A。
35.B.写作意图题。根据最后一段"Unlike children who loosen bonds with their parents as they grow older，dogs can become more attached to their caregivers throughout their lives，" she says. "So，it's never too late to work on building that bond，playing with your dog and just spending time with him，getting to know him better，just like you would with a human partner.她说：‘不像孩子，随着年龄的增长，会和父母疏远，狗会在一生中变得更加依恋照顾它们的人。所以，努力打破这种关系，和你的狗玩耍，花时间和它在一起，更好地了解它，就像和人类伴侣在一起一样，永远都不会晚'。"以及文章主要内容可知作者的写作意图是提醒狗主人给他们的宠物狗更多的关注和时间。故选B。
安徽省亳州市第二中学2021-2022学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题
A:BAD B:CBAB C：ACDA D：DBCB
安徽省合肥市第六中学2021-2022学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题
A
【21~23题答案】
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A
B
【24~27题答案】
【答案】24. C 25. A 26. B 27. D
C
【28~31题答案】
【答案】28. C 29. A 30. D 31. B
D
【32~35题答案】
【答案】32 D 33. C 34. B 35. D
安徽省滁州市定远县育才学校2021-2022学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题
21．C 22．C 23．B 24．A 25．D 26．B 27．B 28．A 29．B 30．B 31．D 32．D
33．A 34．C 35．B
安徽省滁州市定远县民族中学2021-2022学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题
21.D 22．A 23．D 24．C 25．D 26．B 27．D 28．A 29．C 30．D
31．B 32．D 33．B 34．A 35．C

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