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2023年高考英语完形填空精讲精练——利用词汇复现解题
技法指导
在完形填空的一部分题目中，考生不需要做出推理判断，可以利用词汇复现（某一词在同一语篇中重复出现）解题，轻松确定正确答案。这些词汇复现包括：
（1）原词复现：在上下文中同一词汇重复出现。
（2）同根词复现：词形变化的词汇复现，
（3）同义/近义词复现：意思相同，相近的表达方式，或者解释性的词汇复现。
（4）反义词复现：意思相反的表达方式对应复现。
（5）上下义词复现：总括与分述的词汇复现。
方法1 利用语义复现解题
复现是一种语义衔接手段，它通过原词、同义词或近义词、反义词、上义词、下义词、同源词或同根词等重复出现来表达某一概念，使整篇文章上下连贯，有机地衔接在一起。因此，考生可根据文章的具体情况，理解文章的结构和语境，利用文章中的语义复现来选择正确的答案。
[典例]
When most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person, we usually say “sorry, 41.wrong number！” and move on. But when Dennis Williams __42__ a text that clearly wasn't intended for him, he did something 43.special.
42．A.received B．translated
C．copied D．printed
[分析]　选A　本题可以利用语义复现解题。第42空是上文“get”的同义词复现，故选A项。
[典例]
While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that exploration.I myself went through this __41__ process and found something that has changed my 42.experience at college for the better: I discovered ASL — American Sign Language (美式手语)．
41．A.searching B．planning
C．natural D．formal
[分析]　选A　本题可以利用语义复现解题。第41空是上文“explore”的近义词复现，故选A项。
【典例】
Days later, we made a (n) _23_----far below the asking price. Surprisingly, they didn't _24_ us. They renewed their offer_25 it was also much more than we could afford,but far_26_ than the original price.
The next day, we got a _27_message that another buyer had offered a much higher price. Even so, we decided to talk with the _28_directly. We made our final offer, which _29_was thousands of dollars less than the other buyer's bid.
23 A effort B offer C promise D profit
26 A worse B better C less D higher
精炼必刷题：
（2022·四川·树德中学高三期中）Early in my teaching career, I heard countless excuses—most of them amusing—for why students didn’t have their homework. “The dog ate it” was one of them. As time passed, I grew tired of hearing “I don’t have my homework because...” So I stopped accepting any____1____.
When I was____2____ to another school, I took my straightforward attitude with me. “No excuses, no extensions!” I____3____ my eighth graders on the first day. I____4____ homework at the beginning of each class. When a student didn’t have the homework, I never asked why. ____5____, I sighed loudly, shook my head in disgust and____6____ a zero in the grade book. One afternoon, shortly after the____7____ bell rang, Anthony____8____ me. “Could I talk to you a minute ” he asked shyly. “I know what you said about our homework, but I don’t want you to think I’m a slacker (懒虫) because I come to school____9____ mine so often.”
Anthony looked up at me, and I could see his lower lip trembling. “It’s just that...well, my dad moved out, and my mom works at night, so I have to____10____ my little brothers. Sometimes they cry a lot, which makes it hard to____11____.” I put my hand on Anthony’s thin shoulder. “Why are you just now telling me…” I stopped in mid-sentence. I knew why. So I____12____ the question.
“Would it help if you stayed here after school and worked on it ” He swallowed hard and____13____. The next day, I announced to all my students that I’d be offering an after-school study hall.
Anthony was the first to____14____. Several days later, Terrell joined him, ____15____ by twins Sandy and Randy. Before long, I had a room full of eighth graders to work on their lessons. I never asked why any of them was there, but I soon had a large____16____ of “I don’t have my homework because...” stories. All were very____17____. None were amusing. The things I learned weren’t____18____ in college. I discovered not all kids come from homes that are safe and____19____. Not all kids have a quiet bedroom with a desk and study light. Some don’t have a home where a parent is even around. And some kids do go to bed____20____. Most importantly, I learned that “I’ll listen” works better than “No excuses”.
1．A．situation B．excuse C．reason D．condition
2．A．transferred B．transplanted C．transported D．transformed
3．A．punished B．charged C．warned D．embarrassed
4．A．designed B．announced C．assigned D．collected
5．A．However B．Afterward C．Moreover D．Instead
6．A．recorded B．signed C．printed D．painted
7．A．dismissal B．removal C．approval D．arrival
8．A．consulted B．greeted C．waved D．approached
9．A．with B．without C．for D．on
10．A．look for B．look at C．care for D．care about
11．A．tolerate B．concentrate C．balance D．survive
12．A．extended B．refreshed C．changed D．updated
13．A．nodded B．shook C．weighed D．understood
14．A．give up B．put up C．show up D．take up
15．A．followed B．surrounded C．separated D．impressed
16．A．combination B．description C．prediction D．collection
17．A．imaginary B．fictional C．rigid D．real
18．A．shared B．taught C．required D．recommended
19．A．rich B．warm C．simple D．sound
20．A．happily B．guiltily C．hungrily D．irregularly
（2022·江苏无锡·高三期中）When a famous commentator (评论员) advised gentlemen over fifty get a PSA test, I called my doctor’s office and made a(n) ____21____ to have it done.
Ten days later, I got the bad results: my prostate (前列腺) cancer was ____22____. My doctor explained to me the various treatment ____23____. I decided to have the prostate removed and get rid of the cancer ____24____, as it had not spread outside the prostate yet.
My surgery was successful and all the cancer had been ____25____. The next day, I was ____26____ from the hospital with post-operative instructions and directions. I soon learned that all the body functions were working ____27____ and my PSA level was zero.
One morning shortly thereafter, my wife and I ____28____ a sign by the road requesting ____29____ for Suncoast Hospice of Florida. We decided it was time to give back for our good ______30______. After six informative classes, we became volunteers for Suncoast Hospice. After saving myself, it was now time to help others by regularly visiting nursing-home ______31______.
Now, years later, I am still cancer-free, and we are still hospice volunteers. Our days volunteering for Suncoast Hospice have been very ______32______ for us. Our first few visits with a nursing-home resident are to give him/her a(n) ______33______ to get to know us. Sometimes, our visits with the resident are very short, but sometimes they are quite ______34______.
The license plate on the front of my car is from Suncoast Hospice, which reads, “Every Day’s a ______35______.”
21．A．appointment B．response C．decision D．order
22．A．planned B．announced C．treated D．decided
23．A．purposes B．instruments C．options D．outcomes
24．A．entirely B．gradually C．partly D．properly
25．A．treated B．developed C．removed D．controlled
26．A．driven B．separated C．prevented D．released
27．A．terribly B．smoothly C．quickly D．carefully
28．A．designed B．inspected C．painted D．spotted
29．A．volunteers B．doctors C．nurses D．directors
30．A．fortune B．cure C．medicine D．care
31．A．applicants B．guards C．patients D．surgeons
32．A．comfortable B．rewarding C．efficient D．generous
33．A．address B．method C．example D．opportunity
34．A．remarkable B．limited C．long D．endless
35．A．Dream B．Routine C．Holiday D．Gift
（2022·天津市滨海新区塘沽第一中学高三阶段练习）“Cleverness is a gift while kindness is a choice. Gifts are easy-they’re given after all. Choice can be hard.”
I got the idea to _______36_______Amazon years ago. I _______37_______the fact that the Internet usage was growing at 2, 300 percent per year. I’d never seen or heard of anything that grew that fast, and the idea of building an _______38_______ bookstore with millions of titles was very _______39_______to me. I had just turned 30, and I’d been married for a year. I told my wife that I wanted to _______40_______my job and go to do this crazy thing that probably wouldn’t_______41_______ since most start-ups don’t and I wasn’t sure what to _______42_______. She told me I should _______43_______ the idea. As a young boy, I’d always wanted to be an inventor, and she wanted me to follow my_______44_______.
I was working at a financial firm in New York City with a _________45_________boss that I admired very much. I went to my boss and _________46_________ with him that I wanted to start a company selling books on the Internet. He took me on a long walk in Central Park, listened _________47_________to me, and finally said, “That sounds like a really good idea,______48______ it would be an even better idea for someone who didn’t already have a good job.” That logic made some_________49_________to me, and he convinced me to think about it for 48 hours ______50______ making a final decision. Seen in that light, it really was a difficult_________51_________, but finally, I decided I had to give it a shot. I didn’t think I’d regret_________52_________ and failing. And I suspected I would always be haunted by a decision to not try at all.
After much_________53_________, I took the less_________54_________ path to follow my dream, and I’m_________55_________of that choice. For all of us, in the end, we are our choices.
36．A．start B．keep C．fund D．set
37．A．got through B．set aside C．came across D．turned down
38．A．online B．available C．intelligent D．expensive
39．A．practical B．exciting C．flexible D．productive
40．A．take B．land C．exchange D．quit
41．A．matter B．work C．fail D．exist
42．A．do B．achieve C．plan D．expect
43．A．give up B．set up C．stick to D．put off
44．A．passion B．pace C．hobby D．example
45．A．cruel B．brilliant C．greedy D．modest
46．A．shared B．told C．reasoned D．enquired
47．A．gradually B．eventually C．carefully D．generously
48．A．so B．and C．otherwise D．but
49．A．sense B．difference C．bet D．bargain
50．A．while B．before C．once D．since
51．A．puzzle B．suggestion C．choice D．report
52．A．managing B．requesting C．changing D．trying
53．A．consideration B．determination C．conversation D．application
54．A．stable B．secure C．amusing D．interesting
55．A．confident B．regretful C．hopeful D．proud
（2022·广东河源·高三阶段练习）No two snowflakes are alike Wilson A．Bentley, a farmer and amateur meteorologist, sought to answer that question, dedicating himself to____56____flakes of snow for 50 years.
Bentley was born in 1865 and____57____on a farm.On his 15th birthday,Bentley’s mother gave him an old___58___.It was snowing that day, and the boy____59____getting a glimpse of a six-sided snowflake with the___60___. When he was 17, Bentley asked his parents to buy him a new, better microscope and a camera.His father argued that it was a waste of time. Finally, his father gave in. Bentley built a wooden frame to____61____the new equipment and then spent 2 years figuring out how to take a picture of a snowflake____62____a microscope. On January 15,1885,he did it,creating the world’s first photo of snowflake. Every winter for the rest of his life, Bentley studied snowflakes in a(n)___63___room in the back of the house. The process was difficult and cold. (Outdoors, he collected snowflakes on a wooden tray that was painted___64___to observe it. Whenever it snowed, Bentley caught and captured flakes, sometimes working all night. He found that most snowflakes had six sides, ___65___others looked like triangles, or columns—no two were alike.
Bentley___66___his snowflakes with anyone who was interested. He wrote articles for scientists and for___67___such as National Geographic. Occasionally, he felt____68____that few people seemed to care about his work.Still,he____69____stopped.In 1920,Bentley was elected as one of the first members of the American Meteorological Society, which later____70____him its first research grant in 1924.
56．A．creating B．producing C．observing D．cleaning
57．A．worked B．raised C．ran D．helped
58．A．bag B．camera C．microscope D．tray
59．A．succeeded in B．turned in C．gave up D．gave in
60．A．time B．frame C．instruction D．instrument
61．A．hold B．fix C．adjust D．buy
62．A．without B．along C．under D．above
63．A．old B．unheated C．small D．cozy
64．A．black B．white C．new D．odd
65．A．or B．and C．so D．but
66．A．sold B．shared C．carried D．presented
67．A．magazines B．newspaper C．colleges D．companies
68．A．amazed B．excited C．discouraged D．encouraged
69．A．always B．once C．ever D．never
70．A．owed B．awarded C．praised D．considered
2023年高考英语完形填空精讲精练——利用词汇复现解题
技法指导
在完形填空的一部分题目中，考生不需要做出推理判断，可以利用词汇复现（某一词在同一语篇中重复出现）解题，轻松确定正确答案。这些词汇复现包括：
（1）原词复现：在上下文中同一词汇重复出现。
（2）同根词复现：词形变化的词汇复现，
（3）同义/近义词复现：意思相同，相近的表达方式，或者解释性的词汇复现。
（4）反义词复现：意思相反的表达方式对应复现。
（5）上下义词复现：总括与分述的词汇复现。
方法1 利用语义复现解题
复现是一种语义衔接手段，它通过原词、同义词或近义词、反义词、上义词、下义词、同源词或同根词等重复出现来表达某一概念，使整篇文章上下连贯，有机地衔接在一起。因此，考生可根据文章的具体情况，理解文章的结构和语境，利用文章中的语义复现来选择正确的答案。
[典例]
When most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person, we usually say “sorry, 41.wrong number！” and move on. But when Dennis Williams __42__ a text that clearly wasn't intended for him, he did something 43.special.
42．A.received B．translated
C．copied D．printed
[分析]　选A　本题可以利用语义复现解题。第42空是上文“get”的同义词复现，故选A项。
[典例]
While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that exploration.I myself went through this __41__ process and found something that has changed my 42.experience at college for the better: I discovered ASL — American Sign Language (美式手语)．
41．A.searching B．planning
C．natural D．formal
[分析]　选A　本题可以利用语义复现解题。第41空是上文“explore”的近义词复现，故选A项。
【典例】
Days later, we made a (n) _23_----far below the asking price. Surprisingly, they didn't _24_ us. They renewed their offer_25 it was also much more than we could afford,but far_26_ than the original price.
The next day, we got a _27_message that another buyer had offered a much higher price. Even so, we decided to talk with the _28_directly. We made our final offer, which _29_was thousands of dollars less than the other buyer's bid.
23 A effort B offer C promise D profit
26 A worse B better C less D higher
精炼必刷题：
（2022·四川·树德中学高三期中）Early in my teaching career, I heard countless excuses—most of them amusing—for why students didn’t have their homework. “The dog ate it” was one of them. As time passed, I grew tired of hearing “I don’t have my homework because...” So I stopped accepting any____1____.
When I was____2____ to another school, I took my straightforward attitude with me. “No excuses, no extensions!” I____3____ my eighth graders on the first day. I____4____ homework at the beginning of each class. When a student didn’t have the homework, I never asked why. ____5____, I sighed loudly, shook my head in disgust and____6____ a zero in the grade book. One afternoon, shortly after the____7____ bell rang, Anthony____8____ me. “Could I talk to you a minute ” he asked shyly. “I know what you said about our homework, but I don’t want you to think I’m a slacker (懒虫) because I come to school____9____ mine so often.”
Anthony looked up at me, and I could see his lower lip trembling. “It’s just that...well, my dad moved out, and my mom works at night, so I have to____10____ my little brothers. Sometimes they cry a lot, which makes it hard to____11____.” I put my hand on Anthony’s thin shoulder. “Why are you just now telling me…” I stopped in mid-sentence. I knew why. So I____12____ the question.
“Would it help if you stayed here after school and worked on it ” He swallowed hard and____13____. The next day, I announced to all my students that I’d be offering an after-school study hall.
Anthony was the first to____14____. Several days later, Terrell joined him, ____15____ by twins Sandy and Randy. Before long, I had a room full of eighth graders to work on their lessons. I never asked why any of them was there, but I soon had a large____16____ of “I don’t have my homework because...” stories. All were very____17____. None were amusing. The things I learned weren’t____18____ in college. I discovered not all kids come from homes that are safe and____19____. Not all kids have a quiet bedroom with a desk and study light. Some don’t have a home where a parent is even around. And some kids do go to bed____20____. Most importantly, I learned that “I’ll listen” works better than “No excuses”.
1．A．situation B．excuse C．reason D．condition
2．A．transferred B．transplanted C．transported D．transformed
3．A．punished B．charged C．warned D．embarrassed
4．A．designed B．announced C．assigned D．collected
5．A．However B．Afterward C．Moreover D．Instead
6．A．recorded B．signed C．printed D．painted
7．A．dismissal B．removal C．approval D．arrival
8．A．consulted B．greeted C．waved D．approached
9．A．with B．without C．for D．on
10．A．look for B．look at C．care for D．care about
11．A．tolerate B．concentrate C．balance D．survive
12．A．extended B．refreshed C．changed D．updated
13．A．nodded B．shook C．weighed D．understood
14．A．give up B．put up C．show up D．take up
15．A．followed B．surrounded C．separated D．impressed
16．A．combination B．description C．prediction D．collection
17．A．imaginary B．fictional C．rigid D．real
18．A．shared B．taught C．required D．recommended
19．A．rich B．warm C．simple D．sound
20．A．happily B．guiltily C．hungrily D．irregularly
【答案】
1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．D 6．A 7．A 8．D 9．B 10．C 11．B 12．C 13．A 14．C 15．A 16．D 17．D 18．B 19．B 20．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者作为老师，对任何没有交作业的学生都不接受理由，但是安东尼改变了她，让她开始学会倾听学生的故事了。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我不再接受任何借口。A. situation情况；B. excuse借口；C. reason理由；D. condition条件。根据上文“As time passed, I grew tired of hearing “I don’t have my homework because...”(随着时间的推移，我厌倦了听到“我没交作业是因为……”)”可知，作者不再想听学生的借口了。上文“I heard countless excuses”和后文“No excuses, no extensions!”也是提示。故选B。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我转职到另一所学校时，我采取了直截了当的态度。A. transferred转移，转职；B. transplanted移植；C. transported运输；D. transformed转化。由后文“another school”可知，作者转职到另一个学校工作了。故选A项。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：第一天我就警告过八年级学生。A. punished惩罚；B. charged收费；C. warned警告；D. embarrassed使尴尬。根据上文“No excuses, no extensions!”可知，作者在警告学生不要给不交作业找借口。故选C。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每节课一开始我就收作业。A. designed设计；B. announced宣布；C. assigned分配；D. collected收集。根据后文“homework at the beginning of each class”指课前收作业。故选D。
5．考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，我大声叹息，厌恶地摇摇头，并在成绩册上记下零分。A. However然而；B. Afterward之后；C. Moreover此外；D. Instead相反，作为代替。由前文“I never asked why”可知，“作为代替”，作者直接给学生零分了。故选D项。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，我大声叹息，厌恶地摇摇头，并在成绩册上记下零分。A. recorded记录；B. signed署名；C. printed印刷；D. painted绘画。根据后文“a zero in the grade book”指记下零分，应用record。故选A。
7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天下午，下课铃响后不久，安东尼走近我。“我能和你谈谈吗？”他害羞地问道。A. dismissal解雇，解散；B. removal拆卸；C. approval批准；D. arrival到达。由后文“bell rang”以及下文内容可知，安东尼在“下课”铃声后和作者谈的，dismissal bell表“下课铃”。故选A项。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天下午，下课铃响后不久，安东尼走近我。“我能和你谈谈吗？”他害羞地问道。A. consulted咨询；B. greeted问候；C. waved挥动；D. approached走近。由后文“he asked shyly”可知，安东尼“走近”作者和她说话。故选D项。
9．考查介词词义辨析。句意：我知道你对我们的作业说了什么，但我不想让你认为我是个懒鬼 因为我经常在没有我的作业的情况下上学。A. with与；B. without没有；C. for对于；D. on在……上。由上文“I’m a slacker”可知，安东尼应经常上学“没有”带作业。故选B项。
10．考查动词短语辨析。句意：只是……嗯，我爸爸搬出去了，我妈妈晚上工作，所以我必须照顾我的小弟弟们。A. look for寻找；B. look at看着；C. care for照顾；D. care about关心。根据后文“my little brothers”指照顾弟弟，应用care for。故选C。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时他们哭得很厉害，我很难集中注意力。 A. tolerate容忍；B. concentrate集中注意力；C. balance平衡；D. survive幸存。由前文“they cry a lot”可知，哭声让安东尼很难“集中注意力”做作业。故选B项。
12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我改变了这个问题。A. extended延长；B. refreshed刷新；C. changed更改；D. updated更新。由前文““Why are you just now telling me…” I stopped in mid-sentence(“你刚才为什么告诉我……”我在半句中停了下来)”可知，作者“改变”了问题。故选C项。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他使劲咽了一口，点了点头。A. nodded点了点头；B. shook震动；C. weighed称重；D. understood理解。由后文“Anthony was the first to”可知，安东尼“点头”同意了作者的提议。故选A项。
14．考查动词短语辨析。句意：安东尼是第一个出现的人。A. give up放弃；B. put up搭建，张贴；C. show up出现；D. take up开始从事。由后文“Terrell joined him”可知，安东尼是第一个“出现”在课后学习厅的人。故选C项。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：几天后，特雷尔加入了他的行列，随后是双胞胎桑迪和兰迪。A. followed接着，跟随；B. surrounded包围；C. separated分开；D. impressed使印象深刻。由后文“I had a room full of eighth graders to work on their lessons.”可知，这里应表示双胞胎桑迪和兰迪也“跟随”前两人出现在课后学习厅。故选A项。
16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有问过他们为什么会在那里，但我很快就收集了一大堆“我没有作业，因为……”的故事。A. combination组合；B. description描述；C. prediction预测；D. collection收集。由后文“stories”可知，作者慢慢“收集”了很多学生们的故事。故选D项。
17．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一切都很真实。A. imaginary假想的；B. fictional虚构的；C. rigid僵硬的；D. real真实的。由后文“I discovered not all kids come from homes that are safe(我发现，并不是所有的孩子都来自安全的家庭)”的内容可知，所有的故事都是“真实”的。故选D项。
18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我学到的东西在大学里没有教过。A. shared分享；B. taught教；C. required需要；D. recommended建议。根据上文“None were amusing. The things I learned weren’t”可知，作者发现的事情都是真正存在的，是大学没有教作者的。故选B。
19．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我发现并不是所有的孩子都来自安全温暖的家。A. rich富有的；B. warm温暖的；C. simple简单的；D. sound健康的。由前文“not all kids come from homes that are safe”可知，不是所有孩子家都是孩子的避风港，是“温暖的”。故选B项。
20．考查副词词义辨析。句意：有些孩子确实饿着肚子上床睡觉。A. happily高兴地；B. guiltily有罪地；C. hungrily饥饿地；D. irregularly不规则地。由上文“Some don’t have a home where a parent is even around(有些学生甚至家中没有父母陪伴)”可知，这里讲的都是这些孩子家庭不能给孩子提供很好的环境，所本句应表示孩子上床睡觉时可能还是“饥饿的”。故选C项。
（2022·江苏无锡·高三期中）When a famous commentator (评论员) advised gentlemen over fifty get a PSA test, I called my doctor’s office and made a(n) ____21____ to have it done.
Ten days later, I got the bad results: my prostate (前列腺) cancer was ____22____. My doctor explained to me the various treatment ____23____. I decided to have the prostate removed and get rid of the cancer ____24____, as it had not spread outside the prostate yet.
My surgery was successful and all the cancer had been ____25____. The next day, I was ____26____ from the hospital with post-operative instructions and directions. I soon learned that all the body functions were working ____27____ and my PSA level was zero.
One morning shortly thereafter, my wife and I ____28____ a sign by the road requesting ____29____ for Suncoast Hospice of Florida. We decided it was time to give back for our good ______30______. After six informative classes, we became volunteers for Suncoast Hospice. After saving myself, it was now time to help others by regularly visiting nursing-home ______31______.
Now, years later, I am still cancer-free, and we are still hospice volunteers. Our days volunteering for Suncoast Hospice have been very ______32______ for us. Our first few visits with a nursing-home resident are to give him/her a(n) ______33______ to get to know us. Sometimes, our visits with the resident are very short, but sometimes they are quite ______34______.
The license plate on the front of my car is from Suncoast Hospice, which reads, “Every Day’s a ______35______.”
21．A．appointment B．response C．decision D．order
22．A．planned B．announced C．treated D．decided
23．A．purposes B．instruments C．options D．outcomes
24．A．entirely B．gradually C．partly D．properly
25．A．treated B．developed C．removed D．controlled
26．A．driven B．separated C．prevented D．released
27．A．terribly B．smoothly C．quickly D．carefully
28．A．designed B．inspected C．painted D．spotted
29．A．volunteers B．doctors C．nurses D．directors
30．A．fortune B．cure C．medicine D．care
31．A．applicants B．guards C．patients D．surgeons
32．A．comfortable B．rewarding C．efficient D．generous
33．A．address B．method C．example D．opportunity
34．A．remarkable B．limited C．long D．endless
35．A．Dream B．Routine C．Holiday D．Gift
【答案】
21．A 22．B 23．C 24．A 25．C 26．D 27．B 28．D 29．A 30．A 31．C 32．B 33．D 34．C 35．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者患前列腺癌之后，手术很成功。康复之后，作者投入到临终关怀医院当志愿者的活动中去。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当一位著名的评论员建议五十岁以上的男士做PSA检查时，我打电话到我的医生办公室预约了做这项检查。A. appointment约会；B. response答复；C. decision决定；D. order命令。make an appointment预约。根据“When a famous commentator (评论员) advised gentlemen over fifty get a PSA test,”可知，作者和医生预约做PSA检查。故选A。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：十天后，我得到了糟糕的结果：前列腺癌被确诊了。A. planned计划；B. announced告知；C. treated对待；D. decided决定。根据“Ten days later, I got the bad results:”可知，医生告知作者患上前列腺癌。故选B。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的医生向我解释了各种治疗方案。A. purposes目的；B. instruments仪器；C. options方案；D. outcomes结果。根据“I decided to have the prostate removed and get rid of the cancer ____4____, as it had not spread outside the prostate yet.”可知，医生提供作者各种前列腺癌的治疗方案。故选C。
24．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我决定把前列腺切除，把癌细胞完全清除掉，因为癌细胞还没有扩散到前列腺外。A. entirely完全地；B. gradually逐渐地；C. partly部分地；D. properly恰当地。根据“as it had not spread outside the prostate yet.”可知，作者选择把前列腺切除，这样可以把癌细胞完全清除掉。故选A。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的手术很成功，所有的癌症都被切除了。A. treated对待；B. developed发展；C. removed消除；D. controlled控制。根据“I decided to have the prostate removed and get rid of the cancer ____4____, as it had not spread outside the prostate yet.”和“My surgery was successful”可知，作者所有的癌症都被切除了。故选C。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，带着手术后的指导和指示，我出院了。A. driven驱使；B. separated分开；C. prevented阻止；D. released使出院。根据“with post-operative instructions and directions.”可知，作者手术后出院了。故选D。
27．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我很快了解到，所有的身体功能都很正常，我的PSA水平为零。 A. terribly可怕地；B. smoothly平稳地；C. quickly迅速地；D. carefully仔细地。根据“and my PSA level was zero.”可知，手术后，作者的所有的身体功能都很正常。故选B。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那之后不久的一天早上，我和妻子在路边看到一块牌子，要求为佛罗里达州的阳光海岸临终关怀医院提供志愿者。A. designed设计；B. inspected检查；C. painted粉刷；D. spotted看见。根据“by the road requesting ____9____ for Suncoast Hospice of Florida.”可知，作者和妻子在路边看到一块牌子。故选D。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那之后不久的一天早上，我和妻子在路边看到一块牌子，要求为佛罗里达州的阳光海岸临终关怀医院提供志愿者。A. volunteers志愿者；B. doctors医生；C. nurses护士；D. directors导演。根据“After six informative classes, we became volunteers for Suncoast Hospice.”可知，牌子上写着招募临终关怀医院提供志愿者。故选A。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们决定是时候回报我们的好运了。A. fortune幸运；B. cure治疗；C. medicine药物；D. care关心。根据“I soon learned that all the body functions were working ____7____ and my PSA level was zero.”可知，作者完全康复了，所以作者认为自己很幸运。故选A。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在拯救了自己之后，现在是时候通过定期拜访养老院的病人来帮助别人了。 A. applicants申请者；B. guards警卫；C. patients病人；D. surgeons外科医生。根据“After six informative classes, we became volunteers for Suncoast Hospice.”可知，养老院里需要帮助的是病人。故选C。
32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在阳光海岸临终关怀医院当志愿者的日子对我们来说很有意义。A. comfortable舒服的；B. rewarding有意义的；C. efficient效率高的；D. generous慷慨的。根据“The license plate on the front of my car is from Suncoast Hospice, which reads, “Every Day’s a _____15_____.””可知，作者做临终关怀医院当志愿者，觉得自己很有意义。故选B。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们头几次拜访养老院的居民是为了让他/她有机会了解我们。 A. address地址；B. method方法；C. example例子；D. opportunity机会。根据“Our first few visits with a nursing-home resident”和“get to know us.”可知，作者和妻子拜访养老院的目的是让养老院的病人有机会了解他们。故选D。
34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有时，我们对居民的探访时间很短，但有时会很长。A. remarkable非凡的；B. limited有限的；C. long长的；D. endless无止境的。根据“Sometimes, our visits with the resident are very short,”可知，作者和妻子探访的时间有时长，有时短。故选C。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我车前的车牌是阳光海岸临终关怀医院的，上面写着：“每一天都是一份礼物。”A. Dream梦想；B. Routine常规；C. Holiday假日；D. Gift礼物。根据“We decided it was time to give back for our good _____10_____.”及全文可知，作者觉得自己很幸运，不管对作者来说还是终关怀医院的病人来说，每一天都是一份礼物。故选D。
（2022·天津市滨海新区塘沽第一中学高三阶段练习）“Cleverness is a gift while kindness is a choice. Gifts are easy-they’re given after all. Choice can be hard.”
I got the idea to _______36_______Amazon years ago. I _______37_______the fact that the Internet usage was growing at 2, 300 percent per year. I’d never seen or heard of anything that grew that fast, and the idea of building an _______38_______ bookstore with millions of titles was very _______39_______to me. I had just turned 30, and I’d been married for a year. I told my wife that I wanted to _______40_______my job and go to do this crazy thing that probably wouldn’t_______41_______ since most start-ups don’t and I wasn’t sure what to _______42_______. She told me I should _______43_______ the idea. As a young boy, I’d always wanted to be an inventor, and she wanted me to follow my_______44_______.
I was working at a financial firm in New York City with a _________45_________boss that I admired very much. I went to my boss and _________46_________ with him that I wanted to start a company selling books on the Internet. He took me on a long walk in Central Park, listened _________47_________to me, and finally said, “That sounds like a really good idea,______48______ it would be an even better idea for someone who didn’t already have a good job.” That logic made some_________49_________to me, and he convinced me to think about it for 48 hours ______50______ making a final decision. Seen in that light, it really was a difficult_________51_________, but finally, I decided I had to give it a shot. I didn’t think I’d regret_________52_________ and failing. And I suspected I would always be haunted by a decision to not try at all.
After much_________53_________, I took the less_________54_________ path to follow my dream, and I’m_________55_________of that choice. For all of us, in the end, we are our choices.
36．A．start B．keep C．fund D．set
37．A．got through B．set aside C．came across D．turned down
38．A．online B．available C．intelligent D．expensive
39．A．practical B．exciting C．flexible D．productive
40．A．take B．land C．exchange D．quit
41．A．matter B．work C．fail D．exist
42．A．do B．achieve C．plan D．expect
43．A．give up B．set up C．stick to D．put off
44．A．passion B．pace C．hobby D．example
45．A．cruel B．brilliant C．greedy D．modest
46．A．shared B．told C．reasoned D．enquired
47．A．gradually B．eventually C．carefully D．generously
48．A．so B．and C．otherwise D．but
49．A．sense B．difference C．bet D．bargain
50．A．while B．before C．once D．since
51．A．puzzle B．suggestion C．choice D．report
52．A．managing B．requesting C．changing D．trying
53．A．consideration B．determination C．conversation D．application
54．A．stable B．secure C．amusing D．interesting
55．A．confident B．regretful C．hopeful D．proud
【答案】
36．A 37．C 38．A 39．B 40．D 41．B 42．D 43．C 44．A 45．B 46．A 47．C 48．D 49．A 50．B 51．C 52．D 53．A 54．B 55．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是亚马逊网站创始人的故事。才智是与生俱来的，而善良是后天可以选择的。天赋易得，选择难做。16年前，贝佐斯惊叹于互联网的迅速发展，于是萌发了建立网上书店的想法，再得到妻子的支持后，他辞去了待遇很好的工作，虽然老板曾试图留住他，但贝佐斯最终决定把自己的想法付诸实践。
36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我多年前就有了创办亚马逊的想法。A. start创办；B. keep保持；C. fund提供资金；D. set设置。根据下文“I wanted to start a company selling books on the Internet”可知，作者多年前就有了创办亚马逊的想法。故选A。
37．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我偶然发现每年网络的使用增长高达百分之二千三。A. got through完成；B. set aside放在一边；C. came across偶然发现；D. turned down拒绝。根据下文“I’d never seen or heard of anything that grew that fast”可知，作者从来没有见过这样的事情，因此是偶然发现网络使用量增长巨大。故选C。
38．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我从未见过或听说过发展得这么快的东西，建立一个拥有数百万个头衔的在线书店的想法对我来说是非常令人兴奋的。A. online在线的；B. available可利用的；C. intelligent智慧的；D. expensive昂贵的。根据上文“that the Internet usage was growing”可知，作者想建立一个在线的书店。故选A。
39．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. practical实用的；B. exciting令人兴奋的；C. flexible灵活的；D. productive多产的。根据“I’d never seen or heard of anything that grew so fast.”可知，作者从来没有见过或者听过增加如此迅速的事情，建立一个网络在线的书店对作者来说是一件非常令人兴奋的事情。故选B。
40．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我告诉我的妻子我想放弃我的工作来做这件疯狂的事情，因为大多数创业公司都没成功，我也不知道该期待什么。A. take拿走；B. land着陆；C. exchange交换；D. quit放弃。根据“go to do this crazy thing”可知，作者想放弃他的工作来做这件疯狂的事情。故选D。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. matter有关系；B. work起作用；C. fail失败；D. exist存在。根据“since most start-ups don’t”可知，大多数初创公司都会失败，所以作者要做的这件事可能没什么作用。故选B。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意同5小题。A. do做；B. achieve实现；C. plan计划；D. expect期待。因为还没有实际操作，所以作者不敢确信他能够期待得到什么样的结果。故选D。
43．考查动词短语辨析。句意：她告诉我应该坚持这个想法。A. give up放弃；B. set up建立；C. stick to坚持；D. put off推迟。根据“I’d always wanted to be an inventor”可知，她希望作者坚持自己的梦想。故选C。
44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我还是个小男孩的时候，我一直想成为一名发明家，而她希望我追随自己的激情。A. passion激情；B. pace速度；C. hobby爱好；D. example例子。根据下文“I took the less 19 path to follow my dream”可知，作者的妻子告诉他应该坚持这个想法，作者总是想成为一个发明家，她希望作者坚持自己的激情。故选A。
45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我在纽约的一间金融机构工作，我的老板是一位我很钦佩的很棒的老板。A. cruel残忍的；B. brilliant很棒的；C. greedy贪婪的；D. modest谦虚的。根据后面的定语从句“that I admired very much”可知，这是一个作者很钦佩的人，那么他一定很棒。故选B。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我去找我的老板，告诉他我想创办一家在网上卖书的公司。A. shared分享；B. told告诉；C. reasoned理论；D. enquired询问。结合句意，此处为固定搭配share sth. with sb.“与某人分享某事”。故选A。
47．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他带我在中央公园散步了很长时间，仔细听我说，最后说：“这听起来是个很好的主意，但对于那些还没有找到好工作的人来说，这个主意会更好。”A. gradually逐渐地；B. eventually最后；C. carefully仔细地；D. generously慷慨地。根据“He took me on a long walk in Central Park and listened”以及后文老板对作者计划的评价可知，老板很仔细地听了作者的计划和想法。故选C。
48．考查连词词义辨析。句意同上。A. so于是；B. and和；C. otherwise否则；D. but但是。结合句意，前后文是转折关系。故选D。
49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个逻辑对我来说有些道理，他说服我在做最后决定之前考虑48小时。A. sense道理；B. difference不同；C. bet打赌；D. bargain折扣。make sense有意义，讲得通；根据下文“but finally, I decided I had to give it a shot.”可知，老板的逻辑对作者来说是讲得通的，即作者明白了老板的意思和态度。故选A。
50．考查连接词词义辨析。句意同上。A. while当……时；B. before在……前；C. once一旦；D. since自从。根据语境可知，老板说服作者在做出最终决定之前再考虑48小时。本句表示老板让作者三思而后行，让作者仔细考虑自己的行为。before表示“在……之前”符合语境。故选B。
51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那样看来这是一个很困难的选择，但是最后我还是决定试一试。A. puzzle困惑；B. suggestion建议；C. choice选择；D. report报告。根据下文“I would always be troubled by the decision not to try at all.”可知，那样看来这是一个很困难的选择，但是最后作者还是决定试一试。故选C。
52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不认为我会后悔尝试和失败。A. managing设法做到；B. requesting请求；C. changing改变；D. trying尝试。根据下文“I suspected I would always be troubled by the decision not to try at all.”可知，如果作者不去努力和尝试，也许作者会很遗憾。故选D。
53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：考虑很久以后我决定走这条不是很安全的追随自己梦想的小路，对于那个选择我很自豪。A. consideration考虑；B. determination决定；C. conversation对话；D. application申请。根据上文“and he convinced me to think about it for 48 hours”可知，考虑很久以后作者决定走这条不是很安全的追随自己梦想的小路。故选A。
54．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. stable稳固的；B. secure安全的；C. amusing令人快乐的；D. interesting有趣的。因为这件事情没有人做过，没有人知道是不是会成功，所以使用secure表示对于这一道路的前途的不确定性。故选B。
55．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同18小题。A. confident有信心的；B. regretful遗憾的；C. hopeful有希望的；D. proud自豪的。根据“For all of us, in the end, we are our choices”可知，对于作者的选择，他很自豪，对于我们所有人来说，我们是我们自己的选择。故选D。
（2022·广东河源·高三阶段练习）No two snowflakes are alike Wilson A．Bentley, a farmer and amateur meteorologist, sought to answer that question, dedicating himself to____56____flakes of snow for 50 years.
Bentley was born in 1865 and____57____on a farm.On his 15th birthday,Bentley’s mother gave him an old___58___.It was snowing that day, and the boy____59____getting a glimpse of a six-sided snowflake with the___60___. When he was 17, Bentley asked his parents to buy him a new, better microscope and a camera.His father argued that it was a waste of time. Finally, his father gave in. Bentley built a wooden frame to____61____the new equipment and then spent 2 years figuring out how to take a picture of a snowflake____62____a microscope. On January 15,1885,he did it,creating the world’s first photo of snowflake. Every winter for the rest of his life, Bentley studied snowflakes in a(n)___63___room in the back of the house. The process was difficult and cold. (Outdoors, he collected snowflakes on a wooden tray that was painted___64___to observe it. Whenever it snowed, Bentley caught and captured flakes, sometimes working all night. He found that most snowflakes had six sides, ___65___others looked like triangles, or columns—no two were alike.
Bentley___66___his snowflakes with anyone who was interested. He wrote articles for scientists and for___67___such as National Geographic. Occasionally, he felt____68____that few people seemed to care about his work.Still,he____69____stopped.In 1920,Bentley was elected as one of the first members of the American Meteorological Society, which later____70____him its first research grant in 1924.
56．A．creating B．producing C．observing D．cleaning
57．A．worked B．raised C．ran D．helped
58．A．bag B．camera C．microscope D．tray
59．A．succeeded in B．turned in C．gave up D．gave in
60．A．time B．frame C．instruction D．instrument
61．A．hold B．fix C．adjust D．buy
62．A．without B．along C．under D．above
63．A．old B．unheated C．small D．cozy
64．A．black B．white C．new D．odd
65．A．or B．and C．so D．but
66．A．sold B．shared C．carried D．presented
67．A．magazines B．newspaper C．colleges D．companies
68．A．amazed B．excited C．discouraged D．encouraged
69．A．always B．once C．ever D．never
70．A．owed B．awarded C．praised D．considered
【答案】
56．C 57．B 58．C 59．A 60．D 61．A 62．C 63．B 64．A 65．D 66．B 67．A 68．C 69．D 70．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了本特利Bentley将拍摄雪花作为终身爱好和事业的故事。
56．考查动词词义辨析。句意：农民兼业余气象学家威尔逊·A·本特利（Wilson A.Bentley）试图回答这个问题，他致力于50年来的观察雪花。 A. creating创造；B. producing产生；C. observing观察；D. cleaning打扫。由后文“ Bentley studied snowflakes in a(n)　　8　　room in the back of the house. ”可知，本特利花时间“观察”雪花。故选C项。
57．考查动词词义辨析。句意：本特利出生于1865年，在农场长大。 A. worked工作；B. raised举起，抚养；C. ran运行；D. helped帮助。由前文“Bentley was born in 1865 and”可知，这里应讲他的成长，他是在农场上被“抚养”大的。故选B项。
58．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他15岁生日那天，本特利的母亲给了他一个旧的显微镜。A. bag袋子；B. camera摄像机；C. microscope显微镜；D. tray盘。由后文“ a new, better microscope”可知，这里讲母亲给他一个旧的“显微镜”。故选C项。
59．考查动词词组辨析。句意：那天正在下雪，男孩用仪器成功地瞥见了一片六面雪花。A. succeeded in成功；B. turned in上交；C. gave up放弃；D. gave in屈服。由后文“getting a glimpse of a six-sided snowflake”可知，本特利“成功”地观察到了雪花。故选A项。
60．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那天正在下雪，男孩用仪器成功地瞥见了一片六面雪花。A. time时间；B. frame框架；C. instruction指令；D. instrument仪器。由前文“Bentley’s mother gave him an old　　　”可知，本特利用这旧的显微镜“仪器”观察到了雪花。故选D项。
61．考查动词词义辨析。句意：本特利建造了一个木制框架来托住新设备，然后花了两年时间研究如何在显微镜下拍摄雪花。A. hold举行，托住；B. fix修复；C. adjust调整；D. buy购买。由“ a wooden frame”可知，这木制框架是用来“托住”显微镜的。故选A项。
62．考查介词词义辨析。句意：本特利建造了一个木制框架来托住新设备，然后花了两年时间研究如何在显微镜下拍摄雪花。A. without没有；B. along沿着；C. under在...下；D. above在...上面。由前文“getting a glimpse of a six-sided snowflake with the　5　　”可知，本特利是“在显微镜下”观察拍摄雪花的。故选C项。
63．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在他余生的每一个冬天，本特利都会在房子后面一间没有暖气的房间里研究雪花。A. old旧的；B. unheated未加热的，无暖气的；C. small小的；D. cozy舒适的。由“ snowflakes”可知，只有在“没有暖气”寒冷的地方才能观察雪花，否则雪花会融化。故选B项。
64．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在室外，他把雪花收集在一个漆成黑色的木托盘上观察。A. black黑色的；B. white白色的；C. new新的；D. odd古怪的。由后文“to observe it”可知，雪花是白色的，所以只有在“黑色”背景下才好观察。故选A项。
65．考查连词词义辨析。句意：他发现大多数雪花都有六个边，但其他雪花看起来像三角形，或是柱子，没有两个雪花是相同的。A. or或；B. and和；C. so因此；D. but但是。由后文“others looked like triangles, or columns”可知，这和前面一句话形成转折关系。故选D项。
66．考查动词词义辨析。句意：本特利与任何感兴趣的人分享了雪花。A. sold出售；B. shared分享；C. carried携带；D. presented呈现。由后文“anyone who was interested”可知，他应该是和有相同爱好的人“分享”自己的发现。故选B项。
67．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他为科学家和《国家地理》等杂志撰写文章。A. magazines杂志；B. newspaper报纸；C. colleges大学；D. companies公司。由后文“National Geographic”可知，这是一本“杂志”。故选A项。
68．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：偶尔，他觉得似乎很少有人关心他的工作。A. amazed惊讶的；B. excited激动的；C. discouraged沮丧的；D. encouraged受鼓舞的。由后文“few people seemed to care about his work.”可知，没人关注他的工作，这会让他“感到沮丧的”。故选C项。
69．考查副词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，他还是没有停了下来。 A. always总是；B. once一次；C. ever曾经；D. never从不。由“Still”以及前文可知，虽然很少人关注他，他仍然“不”停下来，继续他的爱好。故选D项。
70．考查动词词义辨析。句意：1920年，本特利当选为美国气象学会首批成员之一，该学会后来于1924年向他颁发了第一笔研究资助。A. owed欠；B. awarded授予；C. praised称赞；D. considered考虑。由后文“ its first research grant in 1924”可知，这是给他“授予”的奖励。故选B项。

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