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2023年高考英语完形填空精讲精练——利用逻辑关系解题
技法指导
完形填空对于逻辑关系的考查有两种形式，一种是借助逻辑关系辨析词义，即把逻辑关系作为一种解题工具；另一种则直接选择逻辑关系标志词。
完形填空中考查的逻辑关系词通常是连词、副词、连词或副词短语，所表达的语义关系表现为转折、让步、因果、对比、列举、递进、增补、总结等。通过前后句的意思及其内在关系，判定答案。
一些逻辑关系词：转折：however，though，in fact，but 让步：even if，although，while
因果：because对比：whereas，while递进：indeed，even，above all举例：for example，for instance，such as增补：also目的：so同位：similarly总结：so far条件：when，if
[典例]
We went 101 and I was named most valuable player, __28__ I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Miller's 29.accident.
28．A.and B．then C．but D．thus
[分析]　选C　本题可以利用逻辑关系解题。本空考查连词。连词的作用就是将其前后文的已知信息衔接起来，因此可以利用逻辑关系来解题，即通过分析该未知填空前后文的已知信息的逻辑关系来确定本题应该填入表达何种逻辑关系的连词。
通过上述分析得知本空前后文的已知信息是明显的转折关系，因此答案是but。and表示并列关系；then表示顺承关系；thus表示因果关系。
精炼必刷题：
（2022·广东·高三期中）When we married in 2007, we promised to love each other “in sickness and in health”. Over the years I shared my____1____ with you. But with my full schedule and then a son, Jack, in 2008, we were very____2____. Then in December 2015, a big fall ____3____you with stroke (中风) and speech difficulties. “Whatever, I’m here,” I comforted you. It meant that life needed a ____4____.
“Is now the time to realize our dream to start fostering (领养), at last ” I asked you. “Let’s go for it,” you said. I quit my job and____5____a fostering charity with bases across the country. “My husband is____6____. Does that rule us out ” I asked the clerk. “Not____7____,” I was told. Eight months after filling in the first forms, we finally got the____8____news.
In July 2020, we____9____our now 15-year-old foster daughter, Millie. She was so _____10_____that the first day as we all sat in the garden, especially nervous around men. But you_____11_____her over. Soon she was_____12_____along with us at your jokes! Meanwhile, we made a_____13_____while I did her hair or when we walked our dog. With time, Millie started to see our house as her home. Now, we’re on the path to _____14_____ more foster kids.
Thank you for helping me share the love we’ve built with_____15_____who need it most. We’ve turned a difficult time into something beautiful.
1．A．sorrow B．knowledge C．victory D．dream
2．A．occupied B．free C．careful D．curious
3．A．helped B．charged C．left D．rewarded
4．A．rush B．change C．stop D．risk
5．A．founded B．declined C．discovered D．funded
6．A．shy B．disabled C．busy D．humorous
7．A．necessarily B．importantly C．merely D．clearly
8．A．interesting B．depressing C．shocking D．amazing
9．A．met B．interviewed C．lost D．encouraged
10．A．curious B．anxious C．confident D．energetic
11．A．took B．covered C．won D．knocked
12．A．aiming B．striking C．wondering D．laughing
13．A．wish B．connection C．mark D．preparation
14．A．break up B．calm down C．agree with D．take in
15．A．parents B．pets C．kids D．patients
（2022·重庆巴蜀中学高三阶段练习）Linda Munson, 56, has worked a desk job from home since the initial COVID shutdown. At the height of the pandemic, when going to the gym wasn’t an option, millions of people began exploring ____16____ workouts from home. Munson’s never been much of a ____17____ person. “I am very socially awkward. I probably would sign up for a ____18____ and then not go,” she says.
In 2021, she was ____19____ with diabetes (糖尿病) and her doctor told her she needed to ____20____ more on her health. She started walking and ____21____ out junk food. One day, her son brought home a VR headset called an Oculus Quest.
While messing around with it, Munson ____22____ the popular fitness app Supernatural, and she was hooked. Supernatural lets you box, swing your arms at ____23____, meditate (冥想) or stretch with a ____24____ in front of you and in your ear while you’re moving to popular music.
Currently, Supernatural membership ____25____ hundreds of workouts and costs $179 per year, after a two-week free ____26____. The Oculus Quest headset needed to ____27____ it is $299. It’s worth it, Munson says. “When you finish one workout, you’re tired, but you think, “I can do one more.” Moving to the beat is ____28____, she says, and “so much fun.” Also, “there’s nobody ____29____ you. I’m home and I can be weird,” she says.
Munson has lost nearly 50 pounds in a year, has not had to take diabetes ____30____, and can now play with her seven active grandchildren.
16．A．traditional B．free C．virtual D．superior
17．A．gym B．city C．family D．career
18．A．friendship B．championship C．membership D．partnership
19．A．treated B．diagnosed C．equipped D．linked
20．A．carry B．count C．put D．focus
21．A．left B．cut C．tore D．spread
22．A．regained B．developed C．discovered D．understood
23．A．targets B．partners C．paintings D．toys
24．A．doctor B．teammate C．player D．coach
25．A．offers B．expects C．affords D．requests
26．A．success B．trial C．pleasure D．experiment
27．A．open B．submit C．obtain D．access
28．A．tricky B．demanding C．awful D．addictive
29．A．blaming B．approaching C．judging D．affecting
30．A．food B．medicine C．illness D．service
（2022·全国·高三阶段练习）Joan Murray is a manager of a bank. Her work is usually busy, but she ____31____ parachuting very much. She had parachuted 35 times. However, during her 36th parachute jump, there was an ____32____. On September 25, 1999, Joan Murray made all the ____33____ on the 4,400-meter plane and immediately jumped without ____34____. The great excitement poured into her body. Then, when she was about to open the parachute, she found a surprising fact that the ____35____ parachute had an unknown ____36____ and could not be opened.
When Joan Murray wanted to open the backup parachute, she was only 200 meters away from the ____37____ due to the fast landing speed. Joan Murray’s body began to ____38____ at top speed, which prevented her from ____39____ the backup parachute. In the end, she fell to the ground _____40_____ from 4,400 meters, which must have been impossible for anyone to _____41_____. However, Joan Murray was very lucky that she fell to a _____42_____ of red fire ants. Because the land was very soft, the impact of Joan Murray’s fall was greatly _____43_____. Although her body was fractured(骨折),her heart still beat slightly and did not die.
In the end, Joan Murray was _____44_____. Presumably she will thank those fire ants, perhaps this is the power of _____45_____, which can bring harm, but also can bring _____46_____. Although Joan Murray became _____47_____ because of the event, she did not _____48_____ parachuting. Instead, after rehabilitation(康复) training, she chose to continue her parachuting _____49_____ and finally successfully parachuted again in 2001 and _____50_____ safely.
31．A．likes B．hates C．avoids D．dreams
32．A．opportunity B．incident C．agreement D．accident
33．A．excuses B．experiments C．preparations D．decisions
34．A．success B．trial C．company D．hesitation
35．A．first B．only C．main D．last
36．A．secret B．switch C．function D．failure
37．A．plane B．pilot C．ground D．airport
38．A．spin B．annoy C．dance D．float
39．A．fixing B．opening C．folding D．approaching
40．A．gradually B．entirely C．directly D．eventually
41．A．escape B．predict C．measure D．survive
42．A．nest B．group C．tent D．camp
43．A．missed B．reduced C．increased D．balanced
44．A．rescued B．reported C．recovered D．interviewed
45．A．wind B．nature C．knowledge D．technology
46．A．miracles B．beauties C．differences D．impacts
47．A．well-known B．disabled C．experienced D．well-paid
48．A．pick up B．stick to C．take on D．give up
49．A．game B．exercise C．project D．ceremony
50．A．arrived B．returned C．landed D．concluded
（2022·山西临汾·高三阶段练习）We had two adorable cats named Boo and Scout. Scout ate anything we gave and ____51____ spending his days in the comfortable couch (长沙发) while Boo was ____52____ in food and more adventurous. Moreover, Boo was more observant, and he ____53____ to learn skills very quickly.
Though Boo had his daily outdoor ____54____, he always returned home at night to sleep in the basement with Scout. Our basement was ____55____ from the rest of the house by a heavy door. In the morning, I found it difficult to know when Boo was ready to venture outside or when Scout was ready to test the ____56____ of the couch. Both cats would sit quietly behind the door ____57____ I happened to remember them or opened the door for some reason.
To deal with the door problem, I bought a cat bell with a button. I tried to ____58____ Boo and Scout to press the button to make a ringing sound when they wanted out. I assumed that Boo would grasp the ____59____ quickly, but I wasn’t sure if Scout would understand.
_____60_____, within a week, Scout learned to ring the bell. When I heard the _____61_____, I’d open the door. However, despite my best _____62_____, Boo wanted to do nothing with the bell. He would always _____63_____ the door to be opened.
Fortunately, the two cats _____64_____ the door dilemma on their own. Somehow, Boo _____65_____ to rub noses with Scout when he wanted to go outside and Scout would ring the bell for Boo.
51．A．missed B．risked C．enjoyed D．avoided
52．A．careless B．selective C．experienced D．normal
53．A．seemed B．continued C．pretended D．desired
54．A．dilemmas B．assignments C．adventures D．holidays
55．A．removed B．separated C．protected D．forbidden
56．A．softness B．beauty C．pressure D．value
57．A．after B．if C．though D．until
58．A．teach B．force C．elect D．bear
59．A．proposal B．plan C．theory D．skill
60．A．Undoubtedly B．Generally C．Unexpectedly D．Fortunately
61．A．sigh B．whisper C．scream D．ring
62．A．pursuits B．schedules C．efforts D．requirements
63．A．break up B．wait for C．knock at D．call on
64．A．analyzed B．solved C．found D．accepted
65．A．began B．agreed C．failed D．happened
2023年高考英语完形填空精讲精练——利用逻辑关系解题技法指导 解析部分
完形填空对于逻辑关系的考查有两种形式，一种是借助逻辑关系辨析词义，即把逻辑关系作为一种解题工具；另一种则直接选择逻辑关系标志词。
完形填空中考查的逻辑关系词通常是连词、副词、连词或副词短语，所表达的语义关系表现为转折、让步、因果、对比、列举、递进、增补、总结等。通过前后句的意思及其内在关系，判定答案。
一些逻辑关系词：转折：however，though，in fact，but 让步：even if，although，while
因果：because对比：whereas，while递进：indeed，even，above all举例：for example，for instance，such as增补：also目的：so同位：similarly总结：so far条件：when，if
[典例]
We went 101 and I was named most valuable player, __28__ I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Miller's 29.accident.
28．A.and B．then C．but D．thus
[分析]　选C　本题可以利用逻辑关系解题。本空考查连词。连词的作用就是将其前后文的已知信息衔接起来，因此可以利用逻辑关系来解题，即通过分析该未知填空前后文的已知信息的逻辑关系来确定本题应该填入表达何种逻辑关系的连词。
通过上述分析得知本空前后文的已知信息是明显的转折关系，因此答案是but。and表示并列关系；then表示顺承关系；thus表示因果关系。
精炼必刷题：
（2022·广东·高三期中）When we married in 2007, we promised to love each other “in sickness and in health”. Over the years I shared my____1____ with you. But with my full schedule and then a son, Jack, in 2008, we were very____2____. Then in December 2015, a big fall ____3____you with stroke (中风) and speech difficulties. “Whatever, I’m here,” I comforted you. It meant that life needed a ____4____.
“Is now the time to realize our dream to start fostering (领养), at last ” I asked you. “Let’s go for it,” you said. I quit my job and____5____a fostering charity with bases across the country. “My husband is____6____. Does that rule us out ” I asked the clerk. “Not____7____,” I was told. Eight months after filling in the first forms, we finally got the____8____news.
In July 2020, we____9____our now 15-year-old foster daughter, Millie. She was so _____10_____that the first day as we all sat in the garden, especially nervous around men. But you_____11_____her over. Soon she was_____12_____along with us at your jokes! Meanwhile, we made a_____13_____while I did her hair or when we walked our dog. With time, Millie started to see our house as her home. Now, we’re on the path to _____14_____ more foster kids.
Thank you for helping me share the love we’ve built with_____15_____who need it most. We’ve turned a difficult time into something beautiful.
1．A．sorrow B．knowledge C．victory D．dream
2．A．occupied B．free C．careful D．curious
3．A．helped B．charged C．left D．rewarded
4．A．rush B．change C．stop D．risk
5．A．founded B．declined C．discovered D．funded
6．A．shy B．disabled C．busy D．humorous
7．A．necessarily B．importantly C．merely D．clearly
8．A．interesting B．depressing C．shocking D．amazing
9．A．met B．interviewed C．lost D．encouraged
10．A．curious B．anxious C．confident D．energetic
11．A．took B．covered C．won D．knocked
12．A．aiming B．striking C．wondering D．laughing
13．A．wish B．connection C．mark D．preparation
14．A．break up B．calm down C．agree with D．take in
15．A．parents B．pets C．kids D．patients
【答案】
1．D 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．D 9．A 10．B 11．C 12．D 13．B 14．D 15．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和丈夫早些年忙于事业和孩子。在丈夫摔倒中风后，他们开始领养孩子。在收养孩子的路上，他们把两人建立起的爱分享给需要爱的孩子们。他们一路扶持走过艰难，把困难的日子演绎成美好生活。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这么多年来，我和你分享我的梦想。A. sorrow悲伤；B. knowledge知识；C. victory胜利；D. dream梦想。根据下文“Is now the time to realize our dream to start fostering”可知，此处表示“这么多年来，我和你分享我的梦想”。故选D。
2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我的日程排得满满的，2008年又有了儿子杰克，我们非常忙。A. occupied忙的；B. free自由的；C. careful仔细的；D. curious好奇的。根据上文“with my full schedule and then a son, Jack”可知，此处指作者他们很忙。故选A。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后在2015年12月，一次严重的摔倒让你中风，说话变得困难。A. helped帮助；B. charged管理；C. left让……处于（某种状态、某地等），留下；D. rewarded回报 。根据上文“a big fall”可知，此处表示“一次严重的摔倒让你中风和说话困难”。leave sb. with sth.“给某人留下某物”，此处指给作者丈夫“留下”中风和说话困难。故选C。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这意味着生活需要改变。A. rush匆忙，赶紧；B. change改变；C. stop停止；D. risk风险。根据下文“Let’s go for it”并结合作者丈夫生病的情况可知，作者觉得这意味着生活需要改变。故选B。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我辞掉了工作，发现了一家寄养慈善机构，基地遍布全国。A. founded建立；B. declined拒绝；C. discovered发现；D. funded资助。根据下文“a fostering charity with bases across the country”可知，作者发现了一家寄养慈善机构，基地遍布全国，故选C。
6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫有残疾。A. shy害羞的；B. disabled残疾的；C. busy忙的；D. humorous幽默的。根据上文“a big fall ____3____you with stroke (中风) and speech difficulties”可知，作者丈夫有残疾。故选B。
7．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我被告知“不一定。”A. necessarily必定；B. importantly重要的是；C. merely仅仅；D. clearly清楚地。根据下文“In July 2020, we____9____our now 15-year-old foster daughter, Millie”可知，作者最终领养了女儿，所以工作人员的回答是“不一定”。故选A。
8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在填完第一张表格八个月后，我们终于得到了令人惊讶的消息。A. interesting有趣的；B. depressing令人沮丧的；C. shocking令人震惊的；D. amazing令人惊异的。根据“In July 2020, we____9____our now 15-year-old foster daughter, Millie”可知，作者领养成功，这对于作者和有残疾的丈夫来说是令人惊异的消息。故选D。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：2020年7月，我们遇到了现在15岁的养女米莉。A. met遇见；B. interviewed采访；C. lost丢失；D. encouraged鼓励。根据下文“I did her hair or when we walked our dog”可知，作者遇到了现在15岁的养女米莉。故选A。
10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第一天我们坐在花园里的时候，她是如此焦虑，尤其是在男士面前很紧张。A. curious好奇的；B. anxious焦虑的；C. confident自信的；D. energetic精力充沛的。根据下文“nervous around men”可知，她是如此焦虑。故选B。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但你赢得了她的心。A. took拿走；B. covered覆盖；C. won赢；D. knocked敲，击。根据下文“Millie started to see our house as her home”可知，此处表示“你赢得了她的心”。故选C。
12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：很快她就和我们一起被你的笑话逗乐了！A. aiming瞄准；B. striking打，撞；C. wondering想知道；D. laughing笑。根据下文“at your jokes”可知，听见笑话应该会笑。故选D。
13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，当我给她梳头发或遛狗时，我们之间产生了联系。A. wish愿望；B. connection联系；C. mark记号；D. preparation准备。根据下文“while I did her hair or when we walked our dog. With time, Millie started to see our house as her home”可知，米莉把作者的家当成自己家了，因此她们之间有了联系。故选B。
14．考查动词短语辨析。句意：现在，我们正在接受更多的寄养儿童。A. break up打碎，破碎；B. calm down平静下来；C. agree with同意；D. take in接受，收留。根据下文“more foster kids”可知，作者和丈夫正在接受更多的寄养儿童。故选D。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：谢谢你帮我把我们建立的爱分享给最需要爱的孩子们。A. parents父母；B. pets宠物；C. kids孩子；D. patients病人。根据上文“more foster kids”可知，此处表示把建立的爱分享给最需要爱的孩子们。故选C。
（2022·重庆巴蜀中学高三阶段练习）Linda Munson, 56, has worked a desk job from home since the initial COVID shutdown. At the height of the pandemic, when going to the gym wasn’t an option, millions of people began exploring ____16____ workouts from home. Munson’s never been much of a ____17____ person. “I am very socially awkward. I probably would sign up for a ____18____ and then not go,” she says.
In 2021, she was ____19____ with diabetes (糖尿病) and her doctor told her she needed to ____20____ more on her health. She started walking and ____21____ out junk food. One day, her son brought home a VR headset called an Oculus Quest.
While messing around with it, Munson ____22____ the popular fitness app Supernatural, and she was hooked. Supernatural lets you box, swing your arms at ____23____, meditate (冥想) or stretch with a ____24____ in front of you and in your ear while you’re moving to popular music.
Currently, Supernatural membership ____25____ hundreds of workouts and costs $179 per year, after a two-week free ____26____. The Oculus Quest headset needed to ____27____ it is $299. It’s worth it, Munson says. “When you finish one workout, you’re tired, but you think, “I can do one more.” Moving to the beat is ____28____, she says, and “so much fun.” Also, “there’s nobody ____29____ you. I’m home and I can be weird,” she says.
Munson has lost nearly 50 pounds in a year, has not had to take diabetes ____30____, and can now play with her seven active grandchildren.
16．A．traditional B．free C．virtual D．superior
17．A．gym B．city C．family D．career
18．A．friendship B．championship C．membership D．partnership
19．A．treated B．diagnosed C．equipped D．linked
20．A．carry B．count C．put D．focus
21．A．left B．cut C．tore D．spread
22．A．regained B．developed C．discovered D．understood
23．A．targets B．partners C．paintings D．toys
24．A．doctor B．teammate C．player D．coach
25．A．offers B．expects C．affords D．requests
26．A．success B．trial C．pleasure D．experiment
27．A．open B．submit C．obtain D．access
28．A．tricky B．demanding C．awful D．addictive
29．A．blaming B．approaching C．judging D．affecting
30．A．food B．medicine C．illness D．service
【答案】
16．C 17．A 18．C 19．B 20．D 21．B 22．C 23．A 24．D 25．A 26．B 27．D 28．D 29．C 30．B
【导语】本篇为记叙文。介绍了 Linda Munson 在疫情期间爱上在家做虚拟锻炼运动。
16．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在疫情最严重的时候，去健身房不是一个选择，数百万人开始在家里探索虚拟健身。A. traditional传统的；B. free免费的；C. virtual虚拟的；D. superior优质的。根据后文提到“VR headset”以及“popular fitness app Supernatural”可知，是虚拟锻炼。故选C。
17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：曼森从来不喜欢去健身房。“我在社交方面非常笨拙。我可能会注册成为会员，然后不去，”她说。A. gym健身房；B. city城市；C. family家庭；D. career事业。根据“when going to the gym wasn’t an option”和“I am very socially awkward.”可知， Munson 说她不是一个善于社交的人，即使申请成为健身俱乐部的会员，她也不会去健身房。故选A。
18．考查名词词义辨析。句意：曼森从来不喜欢去健身房。“我在社交方面非常笨拙。我可能会注册成为会员，然后不去，”她说。A. friendship友谊；B. championship冠军；C. membership会员；D. partnership伙伴。结合常识可知，去健身房通常需要办会员。故选C。
19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：2021年，她被诊断出患有糖尿病，她的医生告诉她，她需要更多地关注自己的健康。A. treated治疗；B. diagnosed诊断；C. equipped 配备；D. linked连接。根据“and her doctor told her”可知，她被诊断患有糖尿病，be diagnosed with“诊断患有”。故选B。
20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：2021年，她被诊断出患有糖尿病，她的医生告诉她，她需要更多地关注自己的健康。A. carry携带；B. count数数；C. put放置；D. focus关注。根据 “In 2021, she was 　　　4　　with diabetes(糖尿病)and her doctor told her ”她被诊断患有糖尿病，推知医生告诉她要更加关注自己的健康。故选D。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她开始走路，不吃垃圾食品。A. left 离开；B. cut 切下；C. tore撕开；D. spread展开。cut out 停止；根据“In 2021, she was 　　4　　with diabetes(糖尿病)and her doctor told her she needed to 　　　5　　more on her health.”推知，她决定停止吃垃圾食品。故选B。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在摆弄它的时候，曼森发现了流行的健身应用程序Supernatural，她就被迷住了。A. regained重新获得；B. developed发展；C. discovered发现；D. understood理解。根据“and she was hooked.”可知，她发现一款受欢迎的app Supernatural，然后被迷住了。故选C。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Supernatural可以让你在听着流行音乐的同时，在你前面的教练的指导下练习拳击、挥舞手臂瞄准目标、冥想或伸展身体。A. targets目标；B. partners搭档；C. paintings绘画；D. toys玩具。根据“swing your arms at ”可知，与教练一起拳击、挥舞双臂瞄准目标、冥想或做伸展运动。故选A。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Supernatural可以让你在听着流行音乐的同时，在你前面的教练的指导下练习拳击、挥舞手臂瞄准目标、冥想或伸展身体。A. doctor医生；B. teammate队友；C. player选手；D. coach教练。根据“ with a　　9　　　in front of you”可知，与教练一起练习。故选D。
25．考查动词词义辨析。目前，Supernatural的会员提供数百种锻炼方式，在为期两周的免费锻炼后，每年的会员费为179美元。 A. offers提供；B. expects期待；C. affords买得起，承担得起；D. requests请求。根据“hundreds of workouts and costs $179 per year”可知，Supernatural为会员提供数百项训练。故选A。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：目前，超自然的会员提供数百种锻炼方式，在为期两周的免费锻炼后，每年的会员费为179美元。A. success成功；B. trial试用；C. pleasure乐趣；D. experiment试验。根据“costs $179 per year”以及常识可知，先提供免费试用，然后收费。故选B。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它所需的Oculus Quest头盔售价为299美元。 A. open打开；B. submit上交；C. obtain得到；D. access通向，访问。根据常识可知此处是指可以与该app连接的头盔。故选D。
28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着节奏移动会让人上瘾，而且“非常有趣”。A. tricky诡计多端的；B. demanding苛刻的； C. awful可怕的；D. addictive上瘾的。根据“so much fun.”可知，跟着节拍动起来会让人上瘾，而且太有趣了。故选D。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，“没有人会评判你。我在家，我可以很奇怪，”她说。 A. blaming责备；B. approaching接近；C. judging判断；D. affecting影响。根据“ I’m home and I can be weird,”可知，没人评判，做奇怪的动作也是可以的。故选C。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：曼森在一年内瘦了近50磅，不用吃糖尿病药，现在可以和七个活泼的孙子孙女一起玩了。A. food食物；B. medicine药物；C. illness疾病； D. service服务。根据“In 2021, she was 　　4　　　with diabetes(糖尿病)”2021 年，她被诊断患有糖尿病。 她在一年内减掉了近 50 磅，不用服用糖尿病药物，并且现在可以和七个孙子一起玩耍了。故选B。
（2022·全国·高三阶段练习）Joan Murray is a manager of a bank. Her work is usually busy, but she ____31____ parachuting very much. She had parachuted 35 times. However, during her 36th parachute jump, there was an ____32____. On September 25, 1999, Joan Murray made all the ____33____ on the 4,400-meter plane and immediately jumped without ____34____. The great excitement poured into her body. Then, when she was about to open the parachute, she found a surprising fact that the ____35____ parachute had an unknown ____36____ and could not be opened.
When Joan Murray wanted to open the backup parachute, she was only 200 meters away from the ____37____ due to the fast landing speed. Joan Murray’s body began to ____38____ at top speed, which prevented her from ____39____ the backup parachute. In the end, she fell to the ground _____40_____ from 4,400 meters, which must have been impossible for anyone to _____41_____. However, Joan Murray was very lucky that she fell to a _____42_____ of red fire ants. Because the land was very soft, the impact of Joan Murray’s fall was greatly _____43_____. Although her body was fractured(骨折),her heart still beat slightly and did not die.
In the end, Joan Murray was _____44_____. Presumably she will thank those fire ants, perhaps this is the power of _____45_____, which can bring harm, but also can bring _____46_____. Although Joan Murray became _____47_____ because of the event, she did not _____48_____ parachuting. Instead, after rehabilitation(康复) training, she chose to continue her parachuting _____49_____ and finally successfully parachuted again in 2001 and _____50_____ safely.
31．A．likes B．hates C．avoids D．dreams
32．A．opportunity B．incident C．agreement D．accident
33．A．excuses B．experiments C．preparations D．decisions
34．A．success B．trial C．company D．hesitation
35．A．first B．only C．main D．last
36．A．secret B．switch C．function D．failure
37．A．plane B．pilot C．ground D．airport
38．A．spin B．annoy C．dance D．float
39．A．fixing B．opening C．folding D．approaching
40．A．gradually B．entirely C．directly D．eventually
41．A．escape B．predict C．measure D．survive
42．A．nest B．group C．tent D．camp
43．A．missed B．reduced C．increased D．balanced
44．A．rescued B．reported C．recovered D．interviewed
45．A．wind B．nature C．knowledge D．technology
46．A．miracles B．beauties C．differences D．impacts
47．A．well-known B．disabled C．experienced D．well-paid
48．A．pick up B．stick to C．take on D．give up
49．A．game B．exercise C．project D．ceremony
50．A．arrived B．returned C．landed D．concluded
【答案】
31．A 32．D 33．C 34．D 35．C 36．D 37．C 38．A 39．B 40．C 41．D 42．A 43．B 44．A 45．B 46．A 47．B 48．D 49．B 50．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Joan Murray在一次跳伞时由于未能及时打开降落伞，结果不幸从4400米的高空跌落到地面。但幸运的是红火蚁松软的巢穴救了她。但她并未因此放弃她所热爱的运动，康复训练后她又成功地完成了跳伞，并安全着陆。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的工作通常很忙，但她非常喜欢跳伞。A. likes喜欢；B. hates讨厌；C. avoids避免；D. dreams梦想。根据下文“She had parachuted 35 times.”可知，Joan非常喜爱跳伞。故选A。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在她第36次跳伞时，发生了意外。A. opportunity机会；B. incident事件；C. agreement协议；D. accident意外事故。根据下文内容“she found a surprising fact that the 　　5　　parachute had an unknown 　　6　　 and could not be opened.”可知，在她第36次跳伞的时候，Joan遭遇了一次意外事故。故选D。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：1999年9月25日，琼·穆雷做好了4400米高空的所有准备，毫不犹豫地立即跳了下去。A. excuses借口；B. experiments实验；C. preparations准备；D. decisions决定。根据下文“immediately jumped”可知，在4400米的高空，Joan做好了跳伞的所有准备。故选C。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：1999年9月25日，琼·穆雷做好了4400米高空的所有准备，毫不犹豫地立即跳了下去。A. success成功；B. trial试验；C. company公司；陪伴；D. hesitation犹豫。根据下文“The great excitement poured into her body.”可推断，在跳下去的时候，Joan没有任何犹豫。故选D。
35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后，当她准备打开降落伞时，她发现了一个令人惊讶的事实：主降落伞出现了未知的故障，无法打开。A. first第一；B. only只有；C. main主要的；D. last最后的。根据下文“When Joan Murray wanted to open the backup parachute”可知， the main parachute“主伞”打不开，与下文中提到的backup parachute“备份伞”相对应。故选C。
36．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，当她准备打开降落伞时，她发现了一个令人惊讶的事实:主降落伞出现了未知的故障，无法打开。A. secret秘密；B. switch开关；C. function功能；D. failure故障。根据下文“could not be opened”，主伞出了故障，没有能够及时打开。故选D。
37．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当琼·默里想打开备用降落伞时，由于降落速度很快，她距离地面只有200米。A. plane飞机；B. pilot飞行员；C. ground地面；D. airport飞机场。根据下文“due to the fast landing speed”可知，由于下降速度很快，在Joan准备打开备份伞的时候，她距离地面只有200米了。故选C。
38．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Joan Murray的身体开始以最快的速度旋转，这使她无法打开备用降落伞。A. spin使旋转；B. annoy使恼怒；C. dance跳舞；D. float漂浮。根据上文“the 　　5　　 parachute had an unknown 　　6　　 and could not be opened”和常识可知，由于降落伞没有打开，Joan的身体在空中急速旋转。故选A。
39．考查动名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. fixing修理；B. opening打开；C. folding折叠；D. approaching接近。根据下文“In the end, she fell to the ground”可知，急速的身体旋转让Joan一时难以打开备份伞，掉落在地面上。故选B。
40．考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，她直接从4400米的高空坠落，这对任何人来说都是不可能存活的。A. gradually逐渐地；B. entirely完全地；C. directly直接地；D. eventually最终。根据上文“Joan Murray’s body began to 　　8　　at top speed, which prevented her from 　　9　　 the backup parachute.”可知，没有打开备用降落伞，就这样，Joan从4400米的高空径直坠落地面。故选C。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，她直接从4400米的高空坠落，这对任何人来说都是不可能存活的。A. escape逃跑；B. predict预测；C. measure衡量；D. survive幸存。根据上文“she fell to the ground 　　10　　 from 4,400 meters”可知，从4400米高空直接坠落，这种情况下，任何人都难以侥幸生存。故选D。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，琼·默里非常幸运，她掉到了红色火蚁巢穴上。A. nest巢穴；B. group团体；集体；C. tent帐篷；D. camp营地。根据下文“Because the land was very soft”可知，幸运的是，Joan落到了一个红火蚁的巢穴上。故选A。
43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为土地非常松软，琼·默里摔倒的冲击大大减轻了。A. missed错过；B. reduced减少；C. increased增长；D. balanced平衡。根据上文“Because the land was very soft”可知，由于红火蚁巢穴的地质非常柔软，Joan从高空下坠的冲击力被大大地消减。故选B。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，琼·默里获救了。A. rescued挽救；B. reported报告；C. recovered恢复；D. interviewed采访。根据下文“Although her body was fractured(骨折),her heart still beat slightly and did not die.”可知，最终，Joan被幸运地抢救过来。故选A。
45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：想必她会感谢那些火蚁，也许这就是大自然的力量，它可以带来伤害，也可以带来奇迹。A. wind风；B. nature自然；C. knowledge知识；D. technology。根据上文“Presumably she will thank those fire ants” 可知，红火蚁巢穴救了Joan的性命，Joan对红火蚁应是感激不尽，是自然的力量挽救了她。故选B。
46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：想必她会感谢那些火蚁，也许这就是大自然的力量，它可以带来伤害，也可以带来奇迹。A. miracles奇迹；B. beauties美丽；C. differences不同之处；D. impacts影响。根据上文内容和“can bring harm, but also can bring”可知，前后文是转折关系，红火蚁巢穴救了琼，因此大自然能够给人类带来伤害，但也能够带来奇迹。故选A。
47．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管琼·穆雷因此致残，但她并没有放弃跳伞。A. well-known众所周知的；B. disabled残疾的；C. experienced有经验的；D. well-paid高薪的。根据上文“Although her body was fractured(骨折),her heart still beat slightly and did not die.”可知，虽然Joan在这次事故中身体落下了残疾，但她并没有放弃对跳伞的热爱。故选B。
48．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：尽管琼·穆雷因此致残，但她并没有放弃跳伞。A. pick up拾起；B. stick to坚持；C. take on承担；D. give up放弃。根据下文“she chose to continue her parachuting”可知，琼没有放弃跳伞。故选D。
49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，在康复训练后，她选择继续她的跳伞练习，最终在2001年再次成功跳伞并安全着陆。A. game游戏；B. exercise联系；C. project项目；D. ceremony仪式。根据下文“finally successfully parachuted again”可知，在进行了康复训练之后，Joan继续跳伞练习。故选B。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，在康复训练(康复)后，她选择继续她的跳伞练习，最终在2001年再次成功跳伞并安全着陆。A. arrived到达；B. returned返回；C. landed着陆；D. concluded推断。根据前文“finally successfully parachuted again”可知，在2001年，Joan又一次成功进行空中跳伞，并且安全着陆。故选C。
（2022·山西临汾·高三阶段练习）We had two adorable cats named Boo and Scout. Scout ate anything we gave and ____51____ spending his days in the comfortable couch (长沙发) while Boo was ____52____ in food and more adventurous. Moreover, Boo was more observant, and he ____53____ to learn skills very quickly.
Though Boo had his daily outdoor ____54____, he always returned home at night to sleep in the basement with Scout. Our basement was ____55____ from the rest of the house by a heavy door. In the morning, I found it difficult to know when Boo was ready to venture outside or when Scout was ready to test the ____56____ of the couch. Both cats would sit quietly behind the door ____57____ I happened to remember them or opened the door for some reason.
To deal with the door problem, I bought a cat bell with a button. I tried to ____58____ Boo and Scout to press the button to make a ringing sound when they wanted out. I assumed that Boo would grasp the ____59____ quickly, but I wasn’t sure if Scout would understand.
_____60_____, within a week, Scout learned to ring the bell. When I heard the _____61_____, I’d open the door. However, despite my best _____62_____, Boo wanted to do nothing with the bell. He would always _____63_____ the door to be opened.
Fortunately, the two cats _____64_____ the door dilemma on their own. Somehow, Boo _____65_____ to rub noses with Scout when he wanted to go outside and Scout would ring the bell for Boo.
51．A．missed B．risked C．enjoyed D．avoided
52．A．careless B．selective C．experienced D．normal
53．A．seemed B．continued C．pretended D．desired
54．A．dilemmas B．assignments C．adventures D．holidays
55．A．removed B．separated C．protected D．forbidden
56．A．softness B．beauty C．pressure D．value
57．A．after B．if C．though D．until
58．A．teach B．force C．elect D．bear
59．A．proposal B．plan C．theory D．skill
60．A．Undoubtedly B．Generally C．Unexpectedly D．Fortunately
61．A．sigh B．whisper C．scream D．ring
62．A．pursuits B．schedules C．efforts D．requirements
63．A．break up B．wait for C．knock at D．call on
64．A．analyzed B．solved C．found D．accepted
65．A．began B．agreed C．failed D．happened
【答案】
51．C 52．B 53．A 54．C 55．B 56．A 57．D 58．A 59．D 60．C 61．D 62．C 63．B 64．B 65．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者的两只猫虽然性格不同，但能相处融洽。他们通过“学习按铃”这件事也改变了作者对他们的性格及能力的先入之见。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Scout会享用我们给的任何食物，他喜欢整天躺在舒适的长沙发上，而Boo对食物很挑剔，更喜欢冒险。A. missed错过；B. risked冒险；C. enjoyed享受；D. avoided避免。根据下文“when Scout was ready to test the 　　6　　 of the couch”可知，Scout喜欢（enjoyed）躺在沙发上。故选C项。
52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Scout会享用我们给的任何食物，他喜欢整天躺在舒适的长沙发上，而Boo对食物很挑剔，更喜欢冒险。A. careless粗心的；B. selective挑剔的；C. experienced有经验的；D. normal正常的。根据下文“in food and more adventurous.”可知，Boo对食物是挑剔（selective）。故选B项。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，Boo的观察力更强，他似乎很快就能学会技能。A. seemed似乎；B. continued继续；C. pretended假装；D. desired渴望。根据下文“However, despite my best 　　12　　, Boo wanted to do nothing with the bell.”可知，此处是与下文的对比，指的是Boo似乎（seemed）很快就能学会技能。故选A项。
54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管Boo每天都在户外冒险，但他总会在晚上回到家中，和Scout一起睡在地下室里。A. dilemmas尴尬处境；B. assignments任务；C. adventures冒险经历；D. holidays假期。根据上文“while Boo was 　　　2　　　in food and more adventurous.”可知，Boo喜欢户外冒险（adventures）。故选C项。
55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一扇很重的门把地下室与房子的其他部分隔开了。A. removed移除；B. separated分开；C. protected保护；D. forbidden禁止。根据下文“In the morning, I found it difficult to know when Boo was ready to venture outside”可知，一扇门将地下室与房子隔开（separated），导致我很难了解猫的动态。故选B项。
56．考查名词词义辨析。句意：早上的时候，我发现很难知道Boo什么时候准备好出门或Scout什么时候准备好测试长沙发的柔软度。A. softness柔软；B. beauty美；C. pressure压力；D. value价值。根据上文“Scout ate anything we gave and　　1　　spending his days in the comfortable couch”可知，Scout喜欢躺沙发，也就是此处的测试沙发的柔软度（softness）。故选A项。
57．考查连词词义辨析。句意：两只猫会静静地坐在门后，直到我碰巧想起他们或者出于某种原因打开了门。A. after之后B. if如果；C. though尽管；D. until直到。根据本句“Both cats would sit quietly behind the door 　　7　　 I happened to remember them or opened the door for some reason.”可知，我经常忘记他们，所以直到（until）我偶然打开了门，他们才能出去。故选D项。
58．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我努力教Boo和Scout在想出去的时候按下按钮。A. teach教；B. force强迫；C. elect选举；D. bear忍受。根据下文“Boo and Scout to press the button to make a ringing sound when they wanted out.”可知，为了解决上述问题，我教（teach）两只猫按铃。故选A项。
59．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我以为Boo会很快掌握这项技能，但我不确定Scout是否能理解。A. proposal提议；B. plan计划；C. theory理论；D. skill技能。根据上文“Boo was more observant”可知，我认为Boo观察力很强，所以很快就能掌握这项技能（skill）。故选D项。
60．考查副词词义辨析。句意：出乎意料的是，不到一周，Scout就学会了按铃。A. Undoubtedly毫无疑问地；B. Generally一般地；C. Unexpectedly出乎意料地；D. Fortunately幸运地。根据上文“but I wasn’t sure if Scout would understand.”以及下文“within a week, Scout learned to ring the bell.”可知，我以为Scout很难学会，结果它是最先学会按铃的，这是出乎我的意料的（Unexpectedly）。故选C项。
61．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我听到响铃时，我就会打开门。A. sigh叹气，叹息；B. whisper小声说；C. scream尖叫；D. ring响铃。根据下文“I’d open the door.”可知，只要我听到按铃（ring），我就会开门。故选D项。
62．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，尽管我尽了最大的努力，Boo还是不愿用铃做任何事。A. pursuits追求；B. schedules日程表；C. efforts努力；D. requirements要求。根据本句“However, despite my best 　　12　　, Boo wanted to do nothing with the bell.”可知，尽管我非常努力（efforts）教Boo，但是它还是不愿意学。故选C项。
63．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他总是等着门被打开。A. break up打破；B. wait for等待；C. knock at敲；D. call on访问，号召。根据上文“Boo wanted to do nothing with the bell.”可知，Boo不愿意按铃，所以还是只能等待（wait for）门被打开。故选B项。
64．考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，两只猫自己解决了门的难题。A. analyzed分析；B. solved解决；C. found发现；D. accepted接受。根据下文“Somehow, Boo　　　15　　　 to rub noses with Scout when he wanted to go outside and Scout would ring the bell for Boo.”可知，这两只猫最后还是自己解决（solved）了这个开门问题。故选B项。
65．考查动词词义辨析。句意：不知怎么的，Boo开始在想出去的时候和Scout蹭鼻子，Scout就会为Boo按铃。A. began开始；B. agreed同意；C. failed失败；D. happened发生。根据下文“when he wanted to go outside and Scout would ring the bell for Boo.”可知，Boo想出去就会开始（began）蹭Scout的鼻子，让它帮忙按铃。故选A项。

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