资源简介

短文填空
一、题型分析
　　短文填空是在200词左右的语篇理解的基础上进行语法、意义填空，完成一篇10个空的残文，每空一词。所填的单词是《义务教育英语课程标准(2022年版)》中要求掌握的单词。该题型是典型的“智能混合”题目。
短文填空主要考查以下几个方面的能力：(1)对上下文的理解和把握；(2)推测句子的真正含义以及根据生活常识进行判断；(3)逻辑推理能力；(4)对习惯用法和常用搭配的掌握情况(本题不是单纯考查语法知识)；(5)在一定的语境中考查学生对语法知识、词汇知识和语用知识等的掌握情况。
二、考情分析
2020～2022年广东省中考英语“短文填空”考情分析
年份 话题 文体 语篇词数 主题 核心素养 考点分布
2022 茶文化的发展历史与现状 说明文 181 人与社会 文化意识 动词(2个) 名词(2个) 代词(1个) 形容词(1个) 副词(2个) 介词(1个) 宾语从句的引导词(1个)
2021 一个在中国长期居住的美国人热爱中国并写书向西方国家介绍中国风土人情的故事 记叙文 188 人与社会 文化意识 动词(3个) 名词(1个) 连词(2个) 代词(1个) 形容词(1个) 介词(1个) 宾语从句的引导词(1个)
2020 一个十岁女孩通过摆摊挣钱，来帮助贫苦孩子的温情故事 记叙文 196 人与社会 思维品质 动词(2个) 名词(2个) 连词(1个) 代词(2个) 副词(1个) 介词(1个) 宾语从句的引导词(1个)
◎方法归纳
　句子结构分析法
　　先分析句子结构，忽略次要信息，找出句子主干，判断设空处在句子中充当的成分，从而确定所填单词的词性。
(2022年广东省卷短文填空67题)
You may not know 67 popular tea is. Among all kinds of drinks, tea is
主语　　谓语 　　　 　宾语从句
one of the top two choices.
【解析】句意：你可能不知道茶有多受欢迎。分析句子结构可知，此处是一个感叹句作动词know的宾语，修饰形容词“popular”用how，表示“多么”。故填how。
(2022年广东省卷短文填空69题)
Tea is mostly produced 69 Asian countries like China and India.
主语　　　　谓语　　　　　　　　状语
【解析】句意：茶叶主要产自像中国和印度这样的亚洲国家。分析句子结构可知，名词Asian countries前缺介词，方位介词in用于较大的地点前。故填in。
(2022年广东省卷短文填空72题)
And now it has 72 popular in Europe and America.
　　　 主语　　 　　谓语
【解析】句意：现在它已经在欧洲和美国流行了。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少构成句型“主语＋连系动词＋表语”的连系动词。become“变得”符合接形容词作表语的要求，用于现在完成时结构中。故填become。
(2022年广东省卷短文填空74题)
As the population of tea drinkers gets larger, tea business is getting 74 important before.
【解析】句意：随着饮茶者的数量的增加，茶叶生意变得比以前更加重要。根据“than before”可知，此处使用比较级。more important“更重要的”，故填more。
　逻辑关系突破法
根据上下文的意思，分析句子间的逻辑关系，确定设空处的词义。常见的逻辑关系有：并列关系、因果关系、转折关系等。
(2022年广东省卷短文填空66题)
Would you like to start your day with a cup of tea If the answer is 66 , you may have the same habit as many people.
【解析】通过分析下文句子间的逻辑关系可知，空格处是对上文一般疑问句的回答。下文表示有饮茶习惯，可推断出设空处应是肯定的回答。故填yes。
　语境推断法
语境推断指某一词汇可使语篇中的句子相互衔接和连贯，即从上下文中寻找含义的线索，推断出语句关系。
(2022年广东省卷短文填空70、71题)
Chinese people started to drink tea as early as 5，000 years 70 . ， people made tea in a simple way. They just put fresh tea leaves into hot 71 .
【解析】70题句意：中国人早在5 000年前就开始喝茶了。下文的“At that time”复指前文的“5，000 years ”， … years ago“在……年前”符合语境。故填ago。
71题句意：那时候，人们泡茶的方法很简单。他们只是把新鲜的茶叶放进热水里。根据“people made tea in a simple way … just put fresh tea leaves into hot …”可知，用热水泡茶，water“水”符合语境。故填water。
(2022年广东省卷短文填空75题)
The first International Tea Day was on May 21st, 2020. Since then, people have celebrated 75 every year.
【解析】句意：从那时起，人们每年都庆祝这一天。此处指“International Tea Day”，用it指代。故填it。
　固定搭配突破法
短文填空常见的固定搭配有动词短语、名词短语、介词短语等，学生需熟记此类固定搭配，以助解题。
(2022年广东省卷短文填空68题)
People like it because it their health.
【解析】句意：人们喜欢它，因为它对他们的健康有益。根据“People like it because it is … for their health.”可知，喝茶对健康有益。固定搭配：be good for意为“对……有好处”，故填good。
◎实战特训
Passage One (2021 广东)
Many foreigners move to China because of a strong interest in its culture. One man has turned his interest into love and this love made 66.him write many books about China. He is William, an American who has lived in China 67.for 33 years. His Chinese name is Pan Weilian. His Chinese friends 68.call him “Lao Pan.”
In 1988, Lao Pan first came to China and 69.worked as a teacher at a university. But Lao Pan did not begin to understand China 70.until he and his family took a 3-month drive around the country. These experiences in China gave him ideas for his books. Since then, he has 71.written/published thirteen books about China. These books give the world a fuller picture of China and Lao Pan is 72.proud of what he is doing.
Lao Pan's new book includes his forty-seven 73.letters to his family back in America. The letters show China's development in different periods. Lao Pan often says he loves China 74.and its people so much. He sees it as a life-long task to let more Westerners know 75.what China is like. He will continue telling the nation's stories to the world.
Passage Two (2020 广东)
Jane is a warm-hearted girl. She is only ten years old, 66.but she has big ideas of helping other kids.
Jane took part in a winter camp 67.at the age of eight. During her stay in the camp, she went to visit some kids in poor areas. She felt sad that the kids there didn't have new clothes to 68.wear and toys to play with. After she returned home, she kept thinking about 69.what to do to help those kids.
One morning Jane saw some elder kids selling lemon juice by the street. They wanted to raise 70.money to help their friends. Then she came up with an 71.idea.
With the help of her mother, Jane 72.set up her first lemonade stand(摊档). In a week, it made ?$52. Although it was only a 73.little money, she helped 12 kids with it! She felt very excited when she saw smiles on 74.their faces.
After that, her mother helped her start a program called Jane's Lemonade for Love. Up till now, she has already raised 75.more than ?$17，000! She is going to spend the money on clothes, toys and books for the poor kids.

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