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Unit 1单元话题阅读理解专项练习
(名校最新真题)
（2022·江苏·扬州大学附属中学高一阶段练习）People who often eat nuts appear to live longer, according to the latest study of its kind. The findings, published in the New England Journal of Medicine, suggested the greatest benefit was in those eating them on their daily diet.
Eating nuts was linked to a healthier lifestyle including being less likely to smoke or be overweight and more likely to exercise. The British Heart Foundation said more research was needed to prove the link, “While this is an interesting link, we need further research to make sure if it’s the nuts that protect heart health, or other sides of people’ lifestyle.”
The study followed nearly 120,000 people for 30 years. The more regularly people ate nuts, the less likely they were to die during the study. People eating nuts once a week were 11% less likely to have died during the study than those who never ate nuts. Lead researcher Dr. Charles Fuchs, from the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and B rig ham and Women’ Hospital, said, “The most obvious benefit was a decrease of 29% in deaths from heart disease, but we also saw a significant reduction — 11% — in the danger of dying frown cancer.” They suggest nuts are lowering cholesterol(胆固醇). And insulin resistance (胰岛素抗性). Nuts contain unsaturated fat(不饱和脂肪), protein and several kinds of vitamins and minerals and they can take the place of snacks like chocolate bars, cakes and biscuits.
Victoria Taylor, senior expert at the British Heart Foundation, said, “This study shows close connection between regularly eating a small handful of nuts and a lower risk of death from heart disease.” Choosing plain, unsalted foods rather than sweet, salted, or chocolate-covered will keep your salt and sugar intake down.
1．According to the passage, what kind of people benefit most from eating nuts
A．Those who suffer from a cancer.
B．Those under medical treatments.
C．Those who eat nuts on their daily diet.
D．Those cages to lower cholesterol.
2．Which kind of disease had a most decrease for regular nuts eater
A．Heart disease.
B．Stomach disease.
C．Cancer.
D．Unknown.
3．The writer developed the article mainly by ________.
A．opening a debate
B．giving examples
C．listing data
D．comparing the difference
4．Which section should the passage be taken from the newspaper
A．Science section.
B．Health section.
C．Entertainment section.
D．Teach section.
（2022·辽宁·高一阶段练习）Coffee is one of the most popular drinks in the world. There are many ways to drink coffee. Here is what a cup of coffee looks like around the world.
Espresso (浓缩咖啡) Romano
Espresso is the most popular coffee drink in Rome, so you will find lots of ways to prepare it there. One good way to have coffee in Rome is with a slice of lemon. It can be served on the side or put right into your cup of espresso. It is said that the sourness of lemon brings out the sweetness of coffee, so you actually don’t need to add any sugar!
Flat White
Now you can find flat white in every coffee shop around the world. Flat white is relatively young — it was invented in Sydney, Australia, somewhere in the mid-80s. This drink might be like a latte, but don’t get confused. Flat white is prepared with more espresso followed by less milk than latte. It’s stronger than latte due to less milk.
Yuenyeung
We are pretty used to drinking coffee with milk, but how about mixing it with milk tea This is exactly how people like to drink their coffee in Hong Kong. Also named Kopi Cham in Malaysia, this type of drink is a mixture of coffee and traditional milk tea, which can be served either hot or cold.
Kopi Susu Panas
Malaysia is one of the many countries that like coffee to be sweet and milky. One of the ways to achieve that is by mixing strong coffee with condensed milk. That is Kopi Susu Panas. Strong coffee is made from freshly ground beans and then thick condensed milk is added on top.
5．What is special about Espresso Romano
A．It contains condensed milk. B．It tastes quite sweet.
C．It has a lemon slice in it. D．It is mixed with milk tea.
6．What is the difference between flat white and latte
A．Latte tastes stronger than flat white. B．Latte contains more milk than flat white.
C．Flat white was invented earlier than latte. D．Flat white is prepared with much less espresso.
7．Which might be more popular with Malaysian
A．Kopi Susu Panas and flat white. B．Kopi Susu Panas and Espresso Romano.
C．Yuenyeung and Espresso Romano. D．Yuenyeung and Kopi Susu Panas.
（2022·江苏淮安·高一期末）Families with unhealthy diets have worse mental health than those who mostly avoid meals packed with sugar, fat and salt. A new study is the first to show that children’s mental health is not immune to what they eat, especially inflammatory (引起炎症的) diets.
The effects of inflammatory diets are putting kids on a path to poor mental health from as young as age 11. The evidence (证据) is now well proved that inflammation in the body is actually damaging bodies gradually and leading to many chronic (慢性的) diseases.
The Murdoch Children’s Research Institute (MCRI) looked at the diets and self-reported mental health of more than 1,800 Australian parents and their 11-to-12-year-old children. as well as measuring markers of chronic inflammation in their blood.
The study, published in the British Journal of Nutrition, showed the benefits of healthy eating—namely anti-inflammatory diets high in fruit and vegetables—extended beyond physical health, and that families can eat their way to good mental health.
A child’s weight was not an influencing factor. Regardless (不管) of size, the bad effects of inflammatory diets high in processed foods affected children across the board.
Lead researcher at the MCRI, Dr Kate Lycett said while research had shown that specific anti-inflammatory diets could reduce depression symptoms (症状) in adults, people knew little about the effect on children and how a typical family diet—a mix of both inflammatory and anti-inflammatory foods—affected mental health.
“What surprised me was we saw the same results in terms of the risk in children and parents,” Dr Lycett said. “That’s really important, because as adults we try to control what we eat. We know when we eat a packet of chips we feel sad, but we often don’t think about that when we give our kids those chips.”
8．Which diet should children avoid
A．The diet high in processed foods. B．The diet low in sugar, fat and salt.
C．The diet high in fruit and vegetables. D．The diet low in inflammatory foods.
9．What can we know about Dr Lycett’s study
A．Inflammation in our body contributes to chronic diseases.
B．We can eat our way to good health physically and mentally.
C．A child’s mental health is not immune to his or her weight.
D．Anti-inflammatory diets can reduce depression symptoms.
10．What does Dr Lycett really want to express in the last paragraph
A．The risk of giving adults inflammatory foods.
B．The feeling of eating a packet of tasty chips.
C．The effect of a typical family diet on children.
D．The importance of controlling what kids eat.
11．What is the best title for the text
A．Healthy eating leads to no inflammation
B．Family diets have a mixed effect on kids
C．Unhealthy diets are harming kids’ mental health
D．Junk food is damaging kids’ physical health
（2022·辽宁·沈阳市第一二〇中学高一阶段练习）Have you ever suddenly developed an appetite from a passing glance at a freeway billboard featuring a brightly colored cheeseburger, or decided to step into a candy or ice cream store displaying a window full of lively shades and hues (色调)of sweet treats If so, you are in good company. Unless we are medically restricted or strictly dieting, we are not likely to resist inviting fare simply because we recognize the lack of nutritional value.
Devina Wadhera and Elizabeth D．Capaldi-Phillips in A Review of Visual Cues Associated with Food recognize the impact of sensory cues (信号)on food consumption and enjoyment, and the potential they have to promote healthy eating behavior. They cite previous research in providing some interesting examples of the visual impact of different color schemes (方案)on taste and food enjoyment. They note that pink food on a white plate was considered sweeter and more flavorful than the same food on a black plate. Apparently, we consume with more of our senses than we realize. So given the rainbow of colors around us when faced with so many appealing food choices, is there any way to control our appetite Thankfully, some research says yes.
Oliver Genschow demonstrated that when it comes to eating less colors impact consumption. They specifically researched the effect of the color red. They found that people ate fewer pretzels when using a red plate, as opposed to white or blue, and drank less from a red cup than a blue cup. They suggest that the color red reduces food and drink intake by functioning as a stop signal.
But when it comes to healthy eating, instead of putting on a pair of sunglasses to block the inviting hues of food cues, consider the value of discipline. Healthy eating involves intentional choices, not mindless responses to sensory cues. And before you invest in many red tableware to slim down, remember that what goes onto those plates is much more important.
12．What may be a major reason for us to refuse eye-catching food
A．The shortage of nutrition. B．The rich color of fine foods.
C．The doctor’s instructions. D．Advertisements everywhere.
13．What might be dealt with in A Review of Visual Cues Associated with Food
A．Benefits of different color schemes.
B．Interesting examples of food service.
C．Potentials to promote food consumption.
D．Effects of sensory cues on eating behavior.
14．What does the author suggest people do in the last paragraph
A．Follow the sensory response. B．Make food choices sensibly.
C．Wear sunglasses to block colors. D．Avoid colorful food intentionally.
15．What is the best title for the text
A．How People can Control Their Appetite.
B．How People are Tricked by Color Schemes.
C．How Colors Impact Food Appeal and Appetite.
D．How Bright Colors Make Food More Appealing.
（2022·四川·雅安中学高一开学考试）Chinese cuisine is widely known and enjoyed all around the world. Who doesn’t long for a favourite Chinese dish But there is one interesting concept concerning Chinese food which is almost unheard in the West, and which is becoming increasingly ignored by the youth of the East — the ancient custom of tonic food.
Tonic food is food which is consumed to improve one’s well-being or avoid sickness. For instance, it was once the custom for new mothers to eat a sesame oil hotpot every day for the first month after giving birth. It was believed that this dish would benefit the muscles, reduce pain, improve circulation, stimulate sweating, and warm the body. Some foods, such as goat meat and spinach (菠菜), are seen as “hot”, while others, such as Chinese cabbage and radishes (小萝卜), are seen as “cold”. One should be careful not to eat too much of either “hot” or “cold” food. However, how much “hot” or “cold” food one should eat depends on the time of the year, how the food is prepared and what it is prepared with, and the individual’s health.
The custom of employing tonic food for a healthier life also influences the catering industry. Chinese herbal medicines, such as the wolfberry (枸杞子), can be found on many a restaurant menu, either added to fruit tea or as a beneficial addition to a dish. These herbs attract customers, such as overworked office staff in need of a modest pick-me-up.
So, whether you need to boost your strength with a large helping of chicken soup, or increase your mental powers with some fish soup, you may find that this ancient Chinese custom could be just the tonic you were looking for.
16．What is the present situation of tonic food
A．It is catching less attention.
B．It is enjoyed by many young people.
C．It is well known worldwide.
D．It is becoming increasingly popular.
17．What is believed to benefit new mothers
A．Chinese cabbage. B．Fruit tea.
C．Sesame oil hotpot. D．Fish soup.
18．Which of the following best explains “catering” underlined in paragraph 3
A．Medicine. B．Restaurant. C．Education. D．Fashion.
19．What is the author’s purpose of writing this passage
A．To present the charm of Chinese cuisine.
B．To show the popularity of tonic food.
C．To introduce Chinese tonic food.
D．To tell the differences between hot food and cold food.
（2022·新疆石河子一中高一阶段练习）Many of us like to eat out and treat ourselves to delicious food. We are used to choosing hearty (丰盛的), fat-filled dishes and sugary desserts, which are not easily cooked at home.
The recent rise of light meals, however, gives us a smarter choice. According to Economic Daily, low-calorie, low-fat and high-fibre meals have become popular in China’s restaurants and online delivery platforms.
The country saw a rapid increase of restaurants concentrating on light meals, from just 600 in 2017 to more than 3,500 in 2018. According to a report published by Meituan, a major online food delivery platform, the number of light meals ordered online also rose 75 percent from the previous year.
Having a light meal, however, doesn’t mean eating only vegetables. Different from the meat-free lifestyle, a typical light dish avoids oily, salty and spicy food. Instead, it contains things like boiled meat, whole grains, fruits and vegetables. Healthy nutrients(营养物)are the theme of the light meal.
These dishes are useful for keeping healthy and controlling your weight. That’s probably why so many people, especially the youths are into them. They see it as “a great way to avoid getting fat,” wrote the Telegraph.
“After eating several light meals, I now prefer light flavours,” Zou Jing, a college teacher in Wuhan, told China Daily. She shared a picture of her lunch: a mixture of beef, eggs, corn, mushrooms and cherry tomatoes.
These changes in eating behaviour are connected to deeper changes in how people think about food, says Walter Willett, chairman of the nutrition department at the Harvard T.Chan School of Public Health, US. “Diet quality, not quantity, is important for both weight control and long-term well-being,” Willett told The New York Times.
So the next time you have a party with friends, try a light meal. It will satisfy not only your stomachs but maybe also your hearts.
20．What is the main way that the author used to prove the popularity of light meals in China
A．Listing numbers. B．Giving examples. C．Giving descriptions. D．Showing other people’s opinions.
21．Why do many young people enjoy light meals, according to the article
A．They are usually colourful. B．They are simple and convenient.
C．They are cheaper than other meals. D．They can help people control their weight.
22．What do we know from the last two paragraphs
A．Light meals will stay popular for a while.
B．One’s eating habit shows their personality.
C．There is a change in attitude toward healthy eating.
D．It’s important to eat the right amount of good food.
23．What’s the best title of the passage
A．How to lose weight quickly B．Introduction about light meals
C．Tips on eating only vegetables D．The rise of online food delivery platform
（2022·辽宁·营口市第二高级中学高一期末）Liu Fang, who works as a media worker in Beijing, goes to a store specializing in selling near-expired (将要过期的) food in Sanlitun and returns with a bag of snacks or drinks every week.
“The price tags on these goods have caught my eye. They are often sold at 10 percent to 30 percent of the market price,” Liu said. “More importantly, most of them are from big brands. Why wouldn’t I love them ”
Liu is among the increasing number of Chinese people who enjoy purchasing near-expired food at much cheaper prices. According to the latest report by iiMedia Research, the near-expired food industry had a market size of over 30 billion yuan in 2020. Young consumers aged between 26 and 35 accounted for 47.8 percent.
Unlike the traditional thinking that buying such goods is embarrassing, more and more young people regard it as a kind of sustainable consumption that can help reduce food waste.
“I don’t care much about the date as long as I can eat it before its expiry. It meets my demand while saving resources and protecting the environment, which is a good thing,” Wu Lin, a 19-year-old college student and a fan of near-expired food, told Xinhua.
Indeed, food waste is a great challenge for China and other countries. According to a 2020 report from the National People’s Congress, about 18 billion kilograms of food is wasted every year in China’s urban catering industry (餐饮业).
“As more Chinese people choose to buy near-expired food, the food waste will be reduced,” said Liu.
According to CGTN, China had the tradition of saving food over the decades leading to the 1990s.
As people’s lives improved greatly, many began to make or order more food than could be consumed, CGTN reported. But the trend of buying near-expired food may suggest that the Chinese virtue of frugality (节约) is staging a comeback.
“I’ve been very frugal all my life. Living through a serious famine (1959-61) (饥荒), I’m used to saving every grain and every penny,” Zhang Xin, a retired woman born in the 1950s, told CGTN. “I’m happy to see more young people, who used to spend extravagantly(奢侈地), joining our ranks."
24．What does the author want to show by telling Liu Fang’s story
A．To show the characteristics of near-expired food.
B．To introduce the trend of buying food in Sanlitun.
C．To explain where people can buy near-expired food.
D．To show the recent growth in popularity of buying near-expired food.
25．Why does Wu Lin love to buy near-expired food
A．It is a fashionable lifestyle. B．It is a safer shopping choice.
C．It is environmentally friendly. D．It offers her new shopping experiences.
26．What may the rise in buying near-expired food in China show according to CGTN
A．People’s desire to buy less. B．China’s economic prosperity.
C．The return of the Chinese virtue of frugality D．People’s reduced concern about a product’s quality.
27．Which one can be the best title
A．The Comeback of an Old Lifestyle B．A New Food Trend among Young Consumers
C．The Success of the Near-expired Food business D．The Pros and Cons of Buying Near-expired Food
（2022·全国·高一课时练习）As an international fresher arriving in Dublin for the first time last autumn, I was certain I had missed crucial aspects of Dublin’s social and cultural scene due to Covid-19. Therefore, it can be difficult to get a real sense of Dublin’s culture. Yet, one has emerged from this chaos: donuts.
Donuts has been taking over Dublin since at least 2017. Since then, the obsession(痴迷) has grown. Though the lockdown has certainly set in, we can still rely on meeting up with someone from another household, which is a sure way to get yourself out and get a snack in at the same time. As many of us are feeling isolated and stressed, it can be a good idea to get out and talk to someone who might also be struggling. Plus, doesn’t any exercise sound more appealing with baked goods involved
A personal favourite of mine is Offbeat Donuts. They offer classic donuts such as those of the jam-filled, or sprinkle-topped variety, and also cater to(迎合) more adventurous tastes. Offbeat Donuts competes with The Rolling Donut, an older business originated from a small but popular newsstand on O’Connell Street. It offers a similar experience to Offbeat with donuts related in flavour. For the vegan doughnut lovers, however, The Rolling Donut is an obvious winner. It offers a broad selection of nine different vegan(素食主义者) donuts in comparison to Offbeat’s range of three. However, both have their advantages, as Offbeat is located just a five minute walk from college and offers a 10% student discount. The Rolling Donut, on the other hand, is not only on O’Connell Street, but there is also another next to St. Stephen’s Green, a perfect spot for walking around while sinking into the treat.
While the donut shops really give you the proper experience, there are many other donut options. Whether you’re hunting for a recreational donut or an emergency one, Dublin is certainly the place to be. Regardless of your preference, this city has what it takes. And who knows With the city likely to be reopened in the coming months, Dublin’s donut shops won’t be the only place packed with customers.
28．What can we know from the passage
A．Donuts first appeared in Dublin 5 years ago.
B．Offbeat Donuts favours the novelty seeker.
C．One of the author’s favourite donut shops is next to a perfect spot.
D．The most people can be found in Dublin’s donut shops.
29．What does the underlined word “isolated” mean in paragraph 2
A．panic B．frightened C．lonely D．disappointed
30．How is mainly paragraph 3 developed
A．By giving accounts of facts.
B．By making comparisons.
C．By listing examples.
D．By providing statistics.
31．What’s the best title of the passage
A．Why do I love donuts
B．Explore Dublin’s best food.
C．What I see in donuts in Dublin.
D．An introduction of Dublin’s donuts shops.
参考答案：
1．C 2．A 3．C 4．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。最新的研究结果发现，日常饮食中常吃坚果的人可以减少患心脏病及癌症的几率。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“The findings, published in the New England Journal of Medicine, suggested the greatest benefit was in those eating them on their daily diet.(这项发表在《新英格兰医学杂志》上的研究结果表明，每天吃坚果的人受益最大)”可知，在日常饮食中吃坚果的人最受益。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“The most obvious benefit was a decrease of 29% in deaths from heart disease(最明显的好处是死于心脏病的人数减少了29%)”可知，对于经常吃坚果的人来说，心脏病的发病率下降得最多。故选A。
3．推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“People eating nuts once a week were 11% less likely to have died during the study than those who never ate nuts.(在研究中，每周吃一次坚果的人比从不吃坚果的人死亡的可能性低11%)”以及“The most obvious benefit was a decrease of 29% in deaths from heart disease, but we also saw a significant reduction — 11% — in the danger of dying frown cancer.(最明显的好处是死于心脏病的人数减少了29%，但我们也看到死于眉头癌的危险显著减少了11%)”可知，文章用了大量的数据说明了经常吃坚果的好处。故选C。
4．推理判断题。根据文章内容，结合文章首句“People who often eat nuts appear to live longer, according to the latest study of its kind.(根据最新的同类研究，经常吃坚果的人似乎更长寿)”可知，文章主要讲述经常吃坚果与健康的关系，故可以推断出本文应是出自报纸的健康部分。故选B。
5．C 6．B 7．D
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四种咖啡的情况。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段中“One good way to have coffee in Rome is with a slice of lemon.(在罗马喝咖啡的一种好方法是配一片柠檬)”可知，罗马浓咖啡的特别之处是里面有一片柠檬片。故选C。
6．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Flat white is prepared with more espresso followed by less milk than latte. (与拿铁相比，馥芮白的浓缩咖啡更多，牛奶更少)”可知，馥芮白和拿铁咖啡的区别是拿铁比馥芮白含有更多的牛奶。故选B。
7．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Also named Kopi Cham in Malaysia, this type of drink is a mixture of coffee and traditional milk tea, which can be served either hot or cold.(这种饮品在马来西亚也被称为Kopi Cham，是咖啡和传统奶茶的混合物，可以热也可以冷)”以及最后一段中“Malaysia is one of the many countries that like coffee to be sweet and milky.(马来西亚是众多喜欢甜味和奶味咖啡的国家之一)”可知，Yuenyeung和Kopi Susu Panas更受马来西亚人欢迎。故选D。
8．A 9．D 10．D 11．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究首次表明，不健康的饮食危害孩子的心理健康。
8．细节理解题。根据第五段“Regardless (不管) of size, the bad effects of inflammatory diets high in processed foods affected children across the board. (无论大小，高加工食品的炎症性饮食对儿童的不良影响是全面的。)”可知，孩子应该避免加工食品含量高的食物。故选A。
9．细节理解题。根据第六段“Lead researcher at the MCRI, Dr Kate Lycett said while research had shown that specific anti-inflammatory diets could reduce depression symptoms (症状) in adults, people knew little about the effect on children and how a typical family diet—a mix of both inflammatory and anti-inflammatory foods—affected mental health. (MCRI的首席研究员Kate Lycett博士说，虽然研究表明特定的抗炎饮食可以减轻成人的抑郁症状，但人们对其对儿童的影响以及典型的家庭饮食——炎症和抗炎食物的混合——如何影响心理健康知之甚少。)”可知，消炎饮食可以减轻抑郁症状。故选D。
10．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Dr Lycett said. “That’s really important, because as adults we try to control what we eat. We know when we eat a packet of chips we feel sad, but we often don’t think about that when we give our kids those chips.”(“让我惊讶的是，我们在儿童和父母的风险方面看到了相同的结果，”Lycett博士说。“这真的很重要，因为作为成年人，我们试图控制自己的饮食。我们知道，当我们吃了一包薯片时，我们会感到悲伤，但当我们给孩子吃薯片时，我们通常不会想到这一点。”)”可推断，Lycett博士在最后一段真正想表达的是父母控制孩子饮食的重要性。故选D。
11．主旨大意题。根据第一段“A new study is the first to show that children’s mental health is not immune to what they eat, especially inflammatory (引起炎症的) diets.(一项新的研究首次表明，儿童的心理健康与他们所吃的食物，尤其与引起炎症的饮食有关。)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了一项新的研究首次表明，不健康的饮食危害孩子的心理健康。所以“Unhealthy diets are harming kids’ mental health(不健康的饮食正在损害孩子的心理健康)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选C。
12．C 13．D 14．B 15．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。通过生动的阐述与举例，向我们分析了食物的色彩对人们进食时的食欲与胃口有着怎样的影响，以及不同色彩间的差异。最后，作者向读者提出了一定的科学建议。
12．推理判断题。根据第一段的“Unless we are medically restricted or strictly dieting, we are not likely to resist inviting fare simply because we recognize the lack of nutritional value.(除非我们受到医学限制或严格节食，否则我们不太可能仅仅因为认识到食物缺乏营养价值而拒绝品尝食物)”并结合选项推知，医生的指导是影响我们是否摄入这些色彩艳丽食物的主要原因。故选C。
13．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Devina Wadhera and Elizabeth D.Capaldi-Phillips in A Review of Visual Cues Associated with Food recognize the impact of sensory cues (信号)on food consumption and enjoyment, and the potential they have to promote healthy eating behavior. They cite previous research in providing some interesting examples of the visual impact of different color schemes (方案)on taste and food enjoyment. (Devina wadandra和Elizabeth D.Capaldi-Phillips在《与食物相关的视觉线索综述》中认识到感官线索对食物消费和享受的影响，以及它们促进健康饮食行为的潜力。他们引用了以前的研究，提供了一些有趣的例子，说明不同配色方案对味觉和食物享受的视觉影响)”可知，A Review of Visual Cues Associated with Food探讨了感官信号会对人们的进食行为产生怎样的影响。故选D。
14．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“But when it comes to healthy eating, instead of putting on a pair of sunglasses to block the inviting hues of food cues, consider the value of discipline. Healthy eating involves intentional choices, not mindless responses to sensory cues. (但说到健康饮食，与其戴上一副太阳镜来阻挡诱人的食物颜色，不如考虑一下自律的价值。健康饮食包括有意的选择，而不是对感官线索的盲目反应)”可知，在选择健康的饮食上个人自主能动性是很重要的，要做出有意义的选择。故选B。
15．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要分析食物的色彩对于人们进食食欲的影响。通过科学实验与理论完成分析与阐释。故C项“颜色如何影响食物的吸引力和食欲”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选C。
16．A 17．C 18．B 19．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国的补品是为了增进健康或避免疾病而吃的食物，并列举了有关补品的几个例子来说明补品对身体的好处。
16．细节理解题。由第一段中的“But there is one interesting concept concerning Chinese food which is almost unheard in the West, and which is becoming increasingly ignored by the youth of the East — the ancient custom of tonic food. (但是，有一个关于中国食物的有趣概念，在西方几乎闻所未闻，而东方的年轻人越来越忽视了这个概念——古代的补品习俗)”可知，补品正越来越被东方年轻人所忽视，即补品的现状是越来越不被注意，故选A项。
17．细节理解题。由第二段中的“For instance, it was once the custom for new mothers to eat a sesame oil hotpot every day for the first month after giving birth. (例如，过去，新妈妈们在产后第一个月每天吃麻油火锅是一种习俗)”可知，麻油火锅对于新妈妈有好处，故选C项。
18．词句猜测题。由第三段中的“The custom of employing tonic food for a healthier life also influences the catering industry. Chinese herbal medicines, such as the wolfberry (枸杞子), can be found on many a restaurant menu, either added to fruit tea or as a beneficial addition to a dish. (为了更健康的生活而使用补品的习俗也影响了catering业。中草药，如枸杞，可以在许多餐厅的菜单上找到，或者添加到水果茶中，或者作为一道菜的有益补充)”可知，许多餐馆的菜单上都有枸杞等中草药，说明为了健康的饮食，补品也在影响着餐饮行业。catering意为“餐馆（Restaurant）”，catering industry为餐饮业，故选B项。
19．推理判断题。由第一段中的“But there is one interesting concept concerning Chinese food which is almost unheard in the West, and which is becoming increasingly ignored by the youth of the East — the ancient custom of tonic food. (但是，有一个关于中国食物的有趣概念，在西方几乎闻所未闻，而东方的年轻人越来越忽视了这个概念——古代的补品习俗)”和第二段中的“Tonic food is food which is consumed to improve one’s well-being or avoid sickness. (补品是为了增进健康或避免疾病而食用的食品)”及其他内容可知，文章的目的是介绍正日益被东方年轻人所忽视的中国补品，故选C项。
20．A 21．D 22．C 23．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。据《经济日报》报道，低热量、低脂和高纤维的膳食在中国的餐馆和在线外卖平台上很受欢迎。文章介绍了这种“轻食”的典型特征以及受欢迎的原因。
20．推理判断题。根据第三段“The country saw a rapid increase of restaurants concentrating on light meals, from just 600 in 2017 to more than 3,500 in 2018. According to a report published by Meituan, a major online food delivery platform, the number of light meals ordered online also rose 75 percent from the previous year. (该国专注于便餐的餐厅迅速增加，从2017年的600家增至2018年的3500多家。据主要的在线外卖平台美团网发布的一份报告显示，网上订购的轻餐数量也比去年增长了75%。)”可推知，作者证明轻食的受欢迎程度的主要方法是列数字。故选A。
21．细节理解题。根据第五段中“These dishes are useful for keeping healthy and controlling your weight. That’s probably why so many people, especially the youths are into them. (这些菜对保持健康和控制体重都很有用。这可能就是为什么那么多人，尤其是年轻人喜欢它们的原因。)”可知，很多年轻人喜欢清淡的饮食因为清淡的饮食可以帮助人们控制体重。故选D。
22．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“These changes in eating behavior are connected to deeper changes in how people think about food, says Walter Willett, chairman of the nutrition department at the Harvard T. Chan School of Public Health, US. (美国哈佛大学公共卫生学院营养系主任沃尔特 威利特表示，饮食行为的这些变化与人们对食物看法的更深层次的变化有关。)”可推断，人们对健康饮食的态度发生了变化。故选C。
23．主旨大意题。根据第二段“The recent rise of light meals, however, gives diners a smarter choice. According to Economic Daily, low-calorie, low-fat and high-fiber meals have become popular in China’s restaurants and online delivery platforms.(然而最近轻食的兴起为食客们提供了一个更明智的选择。据《经济日报》报道，低热量，低脂肪和高纤维的膳食在中国的餐馆和在线食品配送平台中已变得流行。)”以及下文可知，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了低热量、低脂肪、高纤维的轻食正在兴起，介绍了其原因和好处, 分析了许多年轻人喜欢养生轻食的原因在于它可以帮助他们控制体重和长久地保持健康。因此推断B项“Introduction about light meals(轻食介绍)”为最佳标题。故选B。
24．D 25．C 26．C 27．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如今临过期食品在年轻人中变得流行起来，与传统观念认为购买此类商品很尴尬不同，越来越多的年轻人将其视为一种可持续消费，有助于减少食物浪费。文章还列举了不同的人对此的看法。
24．推理判断题。根据第三段“Liu is among the increasing number of Chinese people who enjoy purchasing near-expired food at much cheaper prices.(越来越多的中国人喜欢以便宜得多的价格购买临期食品，刘就是其中之一)”可推知，作者讲述刘芳的故事是为了显示最近购买临期食品越来越受欢迎。故选D。
25．细节理解题。根据第五段“It meets my demand while saving resources and protecting the environment, which is a good thing(既满足了我的需求，又节约了资源，保护了环境，这是一件好事)”可知，吴林喜欢买快过期的食品是因为环保。故选C。
26．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“But the trend of buying near-expired food may suggest that the Chinese virtue of frugality (节约) is staging a comeback.(但购买临近过期食品的趋势可能表明，中国人节俭的美德正在回归)”可知，据中国国际电视台报道，中国临期食品购买量的上升说明了中国节俭美德的回归。故选C。
27．主旨大意题。根据第三段“Liu is among the increasing number of Chinese people who enjoy purchasing near-expired food at much cheaper prices. According to the latest report by iiMedia Research, the near-expired food industry had a market size of over 30 billion yuan in 2020. Young consumers aged between 26 and 35 accounted for 47.8 percent.(越来越多的中国人喜欢以便宜得多的价格购买临期食品，刘就是其中之一。艾媒咨询的最新报告显示，2020年，临期食品行业的市场规模超过300亿元。26 ~ 35岁的年轻消费者占47.8%)”可知，文章主要说明了如今临期食品在年轻人中变得流行起来，与传统观念认为购买此类商品很尴尬不同，越来越多的年轻人将其视为一种可持续消费，有助于减少食物浪费。可知，B选项“年轻消费者中的一种新的食品趋势”最符合文章标题。故选B。
28．B 29．C 30．B 31．C
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述作者在都柏林的时候，因为遇上疫情，导致不能随意出行，但是他发现了甜甜圈的乐趣。
28．细节理解题。根据第三段“A personal favourite of mine is Offbeat Donuts. They offer classic donuts such as those of the jam-filled, or sprinkle-topped variety, and also cater to(迎合) more adventurous tastes.”(我个人最喜欢的一种甜甜圈是“怪诞甜甜圈”。他们提供经典的甜甜圈，比如果酱甜甜圈，或者喷洒式甜甜圈，同时也迎合了更冒险的口味。)可知，“怪诞甜甜圈”更能迎合新奇探索者的口味。故选B。
29．词句猜测题。根据第二段“Though the lockdown has certainly set in, we can still rely on meeting up with someone from another household, which is a sure way to get yourself out and get a snack in at the same time. As many of us are feeling isolated and stressed, it can be a good idea to get out and talk to someone who might also be struggling.”(虽然封锁已经开始了，但我们还是可以依靠与其他家庭的人见面，这是一个肯定的方法，让你自己出去，并在同一时间得到一个零食。由于我们中的许多人感到isolated和压力，走出去和那些可能也在苦苦挣扎的人交谈可能是一个好主意。)可知，isolated是人们被封锁期间的一种感觉，所以它的意思应该是“孤独的”，和选项C意思一致。故选C。
30．推理判断题。根据第三段“Offbeat Donuts competes with The Rolling Donut, an older business originated from a small but popular newsstand on O’Connell Street. It offers a similar experience to Offbeat with donuts related in flavour. For the vegan doughnut lovers, however, The Rolling Donut is an obvious winner. It offers a broad selection of nine different vegan(素食主义者) donuts in comparison to Offbeat’s range of three. However, both have their advantages, as Offbeat is located just a five minute walk from college and offers a 10% student discount. The Rolling Donut, on the other hand, is not only on O’Connell Street, but there is also another next to St. Stephen’s Green, a perfect spot for walking around while sinking into the treat. ”( “怪诞甜甜圈”与“滚动甜甜圈”竞争，后者是一家历史较悠久的企业，起源于奥康奈尔街上一家规模不大但颇受欢迎的报摊。它提供了一个类似的经验，以离谱与甜甜圈相关的味道。然而，对于素食甜甜圈爱好者来说，滚动甜甜圈显然是一个赢家。 与怪诞甜甜圈的三种甜甜圈相比，它提供了选择范围更广的九种不同的纯素甜甜圈。然而，两者都有各自的优势，因为 Offbeat 距离大学只有5分钟的步行路程，而且提供10% 的学生折扣。另一方面，滚动甜甜圈不仅在奥康奈尔街上，而且在圣斯蒂芬绿地旁边还有另一个，一个完美的地方走动，同时沉入款待。)可知，这一段作者运用了对比的写作手法比较了“怪诞甜甜圈”(Offbeat Donuts)与“滚动甜甜圈”(Rolling Donut)。故选B。
31．主旨大意题。根据第一段“As an international fresher arriving in Dublin for the first time last autumn, I was certain I had missed crucial aspects of Dublin’s social and cultural scene due to Covid-19. Therefore, it can be difficult to get a real sense of Dublin’s culture. Yet, one has emerged from this chaos: donuts.”(去年秋天，作为一名国际新生，我第一次来到都柏林。我确信，由于2019冠状病毒疾病，我错过了都柏林社会和文化景观的关键方面。因此，很难真正了解都柏林的文化。然而，一个事物已经从这场混乱中脱颖而出：甜甜圈。)可知，这篇文章主要讲述作者在都柏林期间所看到的甜甜圈的事情。故选C。

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