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高中英语名校精选阅读理解专项训练
专题24.（20套精选含答案）
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（2022·重庆市涪陵高级中学校模拟预测）Space travelers face a number of health risks. Astronauts have reported loss of bones and muscle and some even have developed immune disorders and heart problems. A new study finds that energy-producing new structures in cells might be to blame for many of these problems.
A systems biologist, Afshin Beheshti, who studies how different parts of the body work together, also a member of a team of researchers that want to know how spaceflight might affect cells and tissues, notes, “It’s a basic question.”
The team looked at NASA GeneLab’s collection of data from past space biology experiments and studied cells and tissues from mice and people and compared space travelers with others that had remained on Earth.
“The idea is not only to look at one type of chemical,”Beheshti says. Rather, they wanted to “look at the living system as a whole”. And in doing that, they found a common theme. After some time in space, mitochondria, the energy powerhouses of cells, often didn’t work as well as they should.
Those findings are consistent with samples from NASA’s Twin Study. Before retiring, astronaut Scott Kelly spent nearly a year aboard the International Space Station. His twin, Mark remained on the ground. Afterward, blood samples from the two showed different mitochondrial activities.
For the latest study, Beheshti and his team studied GeneLab data for many types of cells and tissues. Another focus was related to metabolism. That process includes a mix of chemical activities that supports life in cells, organs and the whole body.
Damage to mitochondria may be a common factor in spaceflight health risks, the team now concludes. Finding similar changes in so many astronauts indeed points to some general effect, agrees Michael Snyder, a systems biologist at Stanford University in California, who worked on Scott and Mark Kelly’s Twin Study but was not part of the new analysis. If mitochondria are the cause, dealing with problems of them could help protect future astronauts. Some diseases cause mitochondrial defects(线粒体缺陷). Dealing with such diseases in different ways may help reduce astronauts’ health risks. Future studies could test if existing drugs prevent mitochondrial problems in cells, animals and people on long deep-space travels.
9．What might cause astronauts to have health problems according to the new study
A．Temperature difference. B．Heart cell increase.
C．Cell problems. D．Tiring work.
10．Which method did Beheshti’s team employ to do the research
A．They did all kinds of tests on astronaut Scott Kelly.
B．They referred to some previous data.
C．They followed some astronauts for many years.
D．They observed behaviors of astronauts in person.
11．What may contribute to the decrease of astronauts’ health risks
A．Treating the diseases which cause mitochondrial defects.
B．Performing fewer long deep-space travels.
C．Letting new structure in cells grow quickly.
D．Making astronauts eat as healthily as possible.
12．What’s the main idea of the text
A．Astronauts face great danger in the space station.
B．Space travels are really dangerous to astronauts’ health.
C．Scientists have found ways to reduce astronauts’ health risks.
D．Space travels may harm health by damaging mitochondria.
阅读理解专练462
（2022·河北·模拟预测）An abandoned steel factory in Beijing caught global attention when Big Air skiing started on Monday. During the competition, athletes slid down a 64-meter-high, 164-meter-long ramp (坡道) to gain speed before they jumped into the air and did tricks. As they rose，television cameras showed them with the repurposed steel factory in the background.
The Big Air skiing structure was built on the site of the former Shougang steel factory, China's first state-owned plant that helped the country become a world leader in steel production. It provided work for thousands but also darkened the sky over Beijing and contributed to the city's air pollution. It was shut down and moved to Hebei province as part of China's plan to restructure its economy and reduce pollution for the 2008 Beijing Olympics. Since then, the factory has been turned into an industrial heritage park. Now its cooling towers and smokestacks(烟囱) provide an amazing backdrop for the competitions at the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics.
“We had other plans to build the Big Air skiing structure elsewhere, but the idea to combine Olympics with industrial heritage won over the International Olympic Committee,” said Liu Yumin, a member of the Beijing 2022 Olympic Organizing Committee. “The structure will serve as a basis for the entire plan to turn the industrial heritage park into a future destination of winter sports and related activities. ”
Until now, all Big Air skiing has taken place on temporary structures in mountain ski areas or inside sports stadiums. With narrow runways and shorter, flatter landings, athletes cannot show their best on those temporary setups. The permanent spacious Shougang setup doesn't have those restrictions and skiers have benefited from the enormous improvements during the competition and several skiers have accomplished previously unfinished tricks.
“Temporary jumps like the one in Atlanta can be pretty shaky and scary,” said American skier Nick Goepper. “If something like this can be copied all over the world, it would be super cool.”
“This is one of the coolest things I've seen,” said Eileen Gu. “Instead of pouring black smoke into the sky, the yards are shooting Olympians skyward.”
13．What can be learned about Shougang steel factory
A．It is still one of the biggest steel factories in Beijing.
B．It was shut down during the Beijing Winter Olympics.
C．It has become a training center for Beijing Winter Olympics.
D．It has been turned into an industrial heritage park in Beijing.
14．What is unique about the Shougang Big Air skiing structure
A．It can be taken apart easily after the Games.
B．It has shorter and flatter landings for the athletes.
C．It is the first permanent skiing structure in the world.
D．It has made the competition harder for the skiers.
15．What did Eileen Gu mean
A．China's experience should be copied all over the world.
B．Temporary Big Air skiing structures are very dangerous.
C．The cooling towers can also be used for the other sports.
D．It is cool to combine Olympics with industrial heritage.
16．In which section of a newspaper may this text most probably appear
A．History. B．Design. C．Industry. D．Culture.
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（2022·广西贵港·模拟预测）As you may have noticed, machine learning and artificial intelligence are two of the hottest areas in technology today. One company that seems to have been caught flat-footed in the artificial intelligence race is Apple. To successfully participate in new markets, Apple is seeking ways to combine its strategy in Siri and artificial intelligence.
Apple’s voice assistant Siri significantly falls behind competing smart speakers from Amazon and Google. Take HomePod, Apple’s smart-speaker product for example, though reviews praised the device for having excellent sound quality, Siri’s poor accuracy could limit its usefulness. Besides, the high price of the device also made it a harder sell than it would have been. Apple charges for the HomePod $350 while the competing Echo Plus, for example, costs $150.
If Apple wants to successfully participate in new markets, and keep its core iPhone and iPad products competitive well into the future, it needs to go from zero to hero in artificial intelligence. The company recently hired John Giannandrea, who previously led Google’s artificial intelligence efforts. And the company gave him more power, which seemed to suggest that Apple is really trying to rework its entire strategy in this field. Under this new specialist in artificial intelligence, some positive changes will take place in Apple’s artificial intelligence development.
However, let’s be realistic. A management change isn’t going to affect Apple’s products and technologies that we have seen for some time. Developing good software is a long process, especially considering the possibility that Apple will effectively throw out the current generation of Siri and start from beginning.
Nevertheless, one reason that I’m hopeful is that Apple seems to understand that it has a problem here and is making efforts to change the situation. If Apple is successful in reshaping its artificial intelligence efforts and continues to fund them appropriately, then there’s a reasonable chance that within a few years, it won’t be a laggard(落后者) in this field but a leader.
17．Why is Apple’s HomePod mentioned in Paragraph 2
A．To advertise Apple’s new product.
B．To speak highly of its sound quality.
C．To compare different smart-speakers.
D．To show the disadvantages of Apple’s AI products.
18．Apple is trying to rework its entire strategy in AI by ______.
A．reshaping its leadership
B．setting up a special fund
C．inventing new smart products
D．stopping using Siri in HomePod
19．What can we infer from Paragraph 4
A．Apple will be greatly reconstructed.
B．Apple will update its core products.
C．Apple’s situation won’t get better overnight.
D．Apple’s products won’t be competitive.
20．What does the passage mainly talk about
A．The future of Apple’s core products
B．The decline of Apple’s voice assistant Siri
C．Machine learning and artificial intelligence
D．The efforts Apple made to have a place in AI field
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（2022·河南·开封市基础教育教研室三模）If you’re like most people, you’re too busy eating pizza to stop and consider how it arrived on your kitchen counter. Ponder it long enough, though, and you may find it curious that pies usually come in square or other boxes that are different from the round crust. So why don’t pizzas arrive in round cardboard boxes
It’s mostly because the pizza industry doesn’t really care to disrupt the cardboard industry. Cardboard boxes are usually manufactured with edges (i.e. square or rectangular) because they can be made in one piece as well as neatly stacked (堆放).
The advantage of making a round pizza box would mainly be good-looking. It’s not going to saves pace over an edged box. In the case of frozen pizzas, stacking pies vertically runs the risk of them rolling out of place. It’s just bad pizza management.
Of course, there are exceptions. Many pizzerias offer sheet or Sicilian-style pizzas, which are served in a rectangular shape and better fit a rectangular box. And some chains have toyed with the conventional pizza bot shape. Domino’s has a six-sided design with tapered (锥形的) front edges intended to reduce the cardboard used and limit the company’s carbon footprint. (It also reportedly keeps the pizza from sliding around.)
Pizza wasn’t always served in square cardboard. In the 1800s, street sellers carried pies in portable metal containers that kept them warm. When pizza started rising in popularity in postwar America, pizzerias used a single piece of cardboard as support and then slipped the pie into a paper bag. Eventually, corrugated (波纹的) cardboard struck a fine balance between preserving heat without trapping too much moisture.
Will we ever see a complete rethink of the pizza box Some people have tried. In 2010, Apple filed for a patent for a round pizza container with holes so moisture can escape. It’s used in the company’s food courts. Another company, World Centric, designed a compostable (可降解的) round box in 2018 that can be used to reheat pizza. A similar product was test-marketed by Pizza Hut in 2019. All of the designs boasted of keeping pizzas warmer and crispier for longer, but none have become commonly used.
For the most part, you’re still likely to encounter square boxes. Pizza is, after all, about finding comfort in the familiar.
21．How does the writer introduce the topic
A．By describing a common problem. B．By raising a question.
C．By challenging others’ views. D．By making a comparison.
22．Why do pizzas usually come in square boxes
A．Square boxes are good-looking.
B．The pizza industry cares it much.
C．Square boxes can be made and stacked easily.
D．Square boxes can keep pizzas warmer and crispier for longer.
23．What is the sixth paragraph mainly about
A．The bright future of the pizza box.
B．Significant changes of the pizza box.
C．Failed attempts of several companies.
D．Successful examples of several companies.
24．Which of the following can be the title of the passage
A．Why do round pizzas come in square boxes
B．How did pizza boxes develop into what it is
C．What advantages do square pizza boxes have
D．How did square pizza boxes come into being
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（2022·广东·广州六中三模）The term “social distancing” has been at the center of public conversation for a while. But it’s not “social” distance we are trying to promote. It’s physical separation. In fact, preserving social ties — even at a distance — is essential for both mental and physical health. The results of an analytic review done in 2017 indicate that a lack of social support is on a par with smoking cigarettes as a risk factor for health.
Given this fact, how might we best stay connected to others while maintaining physical distance Would we be better off e-mailing a friend Making a phone call Setting up a video chat In our study, Nick Epley and I tested whether the media through which people interact affects their sense of connection — and how expectations about certain technologies impact the communication media they choose to use.
In our experiment, we asked participants to reconnect with someone that they hadn’t interacted with recently, either through e-mail or over the phone. Participants first made predictions about what it would be like to get in touch if they reached out in these two ways. They generally believed that they’d feel more connected when interacting via the phone than over e-mail. But they also predicted that talking on the phone could be more uncomfortable than sending an e-mail. Although these participants believed that talking encouraged stronger bonds, most of them said they’d rather send an e-mail than call the person up. Fears about awkwardness, it seems, push individuals toward text-based methods for communicating.
In the next part of the experiment, we had participants actually reconnect using one randomly determined mode of communication and then followed up with them after they had done so. We found that people do form meaningfully stronger bonds when interacting over the phone than over e-mail. Importantly, though, there was no difference in the amount of discomfort when reconnecting on the phone.
The next time you think about how best to connect, consider calling or setting up a video chat. Feelings of social connection are preferably facilitated by voice rather than a keyboard.
25．How does the author support his view on the importance of maintaining social ties
A．By stating a deep-rooted tradition. B．By citing a published report.
C．By sharing public opinions. D．By presenting official documents.
26．What did the author and Epley’s study focus on
A．How technologies impact means of communication.
B．How social media choices affect feelings of connection.
C．Why maintaining social separation is bad for mental health.
D．Why reconnecting with friends over the phone brings awkwardness.
27．What can we infer from the study results
A．They changed the research objectives. B．They provided insights for future studies.
C．They confirmed researchers’ expectations. D．They contradicted participants’ predictions partly.
28．What can be concluded from the text
A．For stronger bonds, talk instead of typing.
B．Keeping in touch is key to a lasting friendship.
C．Think before you consider contacting an old friend.
D．Text-based methods for communication cause discomfort.
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（2022·山东·模拟预测）Which is better for Earth: an electric or gas-powered vehicle The answer to this question might seem blindingly obvious: Of course electric cars must be better for the environment, because they don’t give off greenhouse gases as people drive. However, electric vehicles (EVs) aren’t perfect, and they come with their own set of polluting problems. Their batteries require a large amount of energy to produce.
Battery production is just one part of an electric car’s life span. A study looked at the entire life cycle of an EV’s emissions (排放), from mining the metals for the batteries to producing the electricity needed to power them, and then compared this with the average emissions of a gas-powered vehicle. The team found that when EVs are charged with coal-powered electricity, they’re actually worse for the environment than gas-powered cars.
“Only when connected to the dirtiest, coal-heavy electric grids (电网) do gas-powered cars become comparable to EVs on a greenhouse gas basis,” said Colin Sheppard, an expert in energy and transportation systems. That’s why more and more countries are decreasing the power supply from coal. In China, the national grid is improving with more investments in renewable energy. For example, it has twice as much wind energy capacity as the U.S. and it builds more solar panels per year than any other countries.
Sheppard modelled a future in which all cars were electric. “We wanted to understand what it might be like if all passenger vehicles are electrified.” For example, Sheppard calculated that if all vehicles in the U.S. were electric, it would reduce greenhouse-gas emissions by 46% every year. This reduction could be increased even further if those vehicles were using a technique known as “smart charging” in which cars are recharged at chosen times (often at night) to reduce the cost of electricity.
In short, it’s far easier to argue in favor of buying an EV than a gas-powered vehicle. But what about the cost Aren’t electric vehicles too expensive for most people
29．In which case do EVs get more heavy-polluted than gas-powered cars
A．Being powered only by batteries. B．Consuming coal-powered electricity.
C．Starting to give off greenhouse gases. D．Replacing gas-powered vehicles entirely.
30．What is greatly promoted in China now according to the text
A．Renewable energy. B．Electric vehicles.
C．Coal-powered supply. D．Public transport.
31．How does Sheppard model the future of EVs
A．With a discussion. B．With an examination.
C．With a calculation. D．With a questionaire.
32．What might the paragraph following the passage be about
A．Inventing green gas-powered vehicles. B．Developing environment-friendly grids.
C．Making electric vehicles more affordable.
D．Getting rid of fossil energy like coal and oil.
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（2022·山东·模拟预测）This Week: Homes for Book Lovers
Boulder
This 2019 four-bedroom home has an open-plan great room with a floor-to-ceiling bookshelf and a rolling library ladder. The house mixes Western and Eastern design and features wood floors and oversize windows with views of a seasonal pond.
LIV Sotheby’s International Realty
New York City
Nobel Prize-winning author and previous owner Toni Morrison changed the third bedroom of this 1901 house into her library and writing room. The two-bedroom home features a living-dining area with gas fireplace, an open-plan kitchen, a master suite with dressing area, and sweeping city views.
Brown Harris Stevens
Montecito
The second bedroom of this two-bedroom house features a wall-to-wall wood bookcase. The house also has a built-in bookcase on the stairs, a main suite with fireplace, a chef’s kitchen with wood cabinets and counters. The path in front of the house has lawns, and gardens and is part of a gated community with a pool, tennis courts, and beach access.
Sotheby’s International Realty
Oxford
This 1991 house stands in the center of a town famed for its connections with William Faulkner and John Grisham. The four-bedroom house has a wall-to-wall bookshelf in the game room and also features a living room with fireplace and an eat-in kitchen with hardwood floors. It’s the steal of the week with a surprising price.
Cannon Cleary McGraw
33．Why are these houses selected for book lovers
A．They are all affordable for reading enthusiasts.
B．They all have enough space for book collections.
C．They each have a study with a good view of nature.
D．They enable their owners to get access to local libraries.
34．Which will you contact if you like a house with a long history
A．LIV Sotheby’s International Realty. B．Brown Harris Stevens.
C．Sotheby’s International Realty. D．Cannon Cleary McGraw.
35．Which house is probably a good bargain
A．The one in Boulder. B．The one in New York City.
C．The one in Montecito. D．The one in Oxford.
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（2022·辽宁·模拟预测）A coat made from muscle sounds like something straight out of a horror movie, but thanks to the work of researchers at Washington University in St. Louis, it may become real in the not too distant future.
No actual animal cells are needed for the process. Instead, the process starts from a human protein called titin. “It’s the largest protein known in nature,” said Cameron Sargent, a Ph.D．student in the Division of Biological and Biomedical Sciences and a first author on the paper. This makes it very resilient (有弹性的).
Researchers transformed bacteria to put together smaller parts of the protein into an extremely firm structure. They ended up with a protein with a high molecular (分子的) weight and about 50 times larger than the average bacterial protein. Then, they used a special process, transforming the proteins into fibers about 10 times thinner than a human hair.
Researchers intended for a fiber especially strong for clothes, but the process could be adjusted for any desired quality. You could make clothes that are softer or dry quicker. “The beauty of the system is that it’s really a platform that can be applied anywhere,” researchers said. “We can take proteins from different natural contexts, then put them into this platform for polymerization and create larger, longer proteins for various material applications. ”
Furthermore, because the fibers are almost impossible to distinguish from natural muscle, they can also be used in medical procedures, for instance for stitching (缝合) up wounds. It also breaks down easily, thus causing less pollution to the environment. So, would you wear clothes made from muscle
36．What makes the fiber resilient
A．Its quality. B．Its structure. C．Its weight. D．Its size.
37．What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A．The intention of making the fibers.
B．The process of making the fibers.
C．The function of the fibers.
D．The quality of the fibers.
38．What do we know of the fibers mentioned in the text
A．They are hard to tell from natural muscles.
B．They are taken from similar natural context.
C．They are of the same price as other materials.
D．They are originally intended to be much softer.
39．What is the best title for the text
A．Make Clothes out of Muscles
B．Advantages of Man-made Fibers
C．A Breakthrough in Fiber Making
D．Innovative Material Ready for Market
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（2022·江苏江苏·三模）Plenty of films are somewhat incomprehensible, but a movie is in a language that only about 20 people in the world can speak fluently.
A feature film titled SGaneaay K’uuna, translated as Edge of the Knife, is in the Haida language, the ancestral tongue of the Haida people of British Columbia, Canada It is unrelated to any other language, and actors had to leam it to understand their lines.
The film is playing an important role in preserving the language, its director Gwai Edenshaw said. “I know that, if our language is this far gone, statistically it’s supposed to be over. But that’s not something that we’re willing to accept.”
The Haida are an indigenous(土著的)community whose traditional territory is Haida Gwaii Edenshaw said most of the fluent Haida speakers were in his Haida Gwaii homeland. The community generally lives off the sea and makes dugout canoes and houses from local red cedars. Their numbers were ravaged by smallpox and other diseases in the 19h century. A former population of tens of thousands has declined to a few thousand today.
The few Haida speakers are extremely concerned about the language’s future and were very enthusiastic about the film. More than 70 local people worked on the production, with Haida speakers taking incidental roles, weavers creating the costumes and other craftspeople making props.
The film, set on Haida Gwali in the 19th century, is based on an old Haida myth about a man who survives an accident at sea, only to become so weakened that he is taken over by supernatural beings.
It is part of a wider push to preserve the Haida language, including a new dictionary and recordings of local voices.
Mark Turin, associate professor at the University of British Columbia, said that Haida is among languages that have been ”pushed almost to the edge“ and that, while numerous indigenous communities worldwide are trying to revive(复活)their language, the Haida people have taken an unusual approach. ”This film has done something that I don’t think I’ve ever seen before, using a feature movie as a process of language revitalization. It’s a hugely creative and powerful commitment for the community to have made,“ he said.
1．What do we know about the Haida language
A．It is forever gone. B．It is easy to learn. C．It is well preserved. D．It is highly endangered.
2．What does the underlined word “ravaged” in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A．Greatly reduced. B．Slightly increased. C．Stabilized. D．Determined.
3．What do we know about SGaateay K’uuna
A．It is based on a true story. B．Locals contribute to its production.
C．Most Haida speakers lack interest in it. D．It helps promote the Haida publications.
4．What does Mark Turin think of using a film to revive a language
A．It is innovative. B．It is outdated. C．It is unacceptable. D．It is debatable.
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（2022·江苏盐城·三模）Some birds are inner decorators, placing big, showy feathers (羽毛) in their nests. But rather than decorating their homes, these birds may be trying to frighten nest-stealing neighbors.
Karen Wiebe is a behavioral ecologist at the University of Saskatchewan in Saskatoon, Canada. She and her colleague Slagsvold saw birds placing large feathers on the surfaces of nests. Those feathers wouldn’t help with warmth. The researchers wondered whether the birds might be using the decorations to send a message.
For birds that nest in holes, competition for nests can be really violent. These somewhat rare holes can also hide danger because predators (掠夺者) may be hiding inside. If a nest contains feathers or other remains, it might be evidence that a predator had been there. Those holes might not be as desirable.
Wiebe and Slagsvold assumed that some birds may use feathers to create a mock (模拟的) kill site.
During spring, when nest competition is the most violent, the scientists set up pairs of nesting boxes. One box contained white feathers. The other either contained no feathers or black feathers. Inside the boxes, black feathers were more difficult to see than white ones. Using video cameras, the researchers spied on how birds reacted to the boxes. When birds took longer to enter, that suggested the animals were scared.
Birds hesitated to enter boxes with white feathers. But when feathers were in front of a nest, birds jumped right up and grabbed them. That suggested that birds weren’t afraid of the feathers themselves.
“It was really interesting to discover that birds were using a trick to help them keep their nests.” Wiebe says. When a bird leaves its nest to search for food, that opens the door for a nest stealer. “But if it can buy a little time by scaring away predators with these feathers, then it has a better chance of coming back in time to defend its nest site.”
5．What makes the competition for nests intense among birds
A．The warmth of nests. B．The cruelty of predators.
C．The colour of feathers. D．The quantity of holes.
6．Why did scientists set up pairs of nesting boxes
A．To prove that birds are good at decorating their nests.
B．To explore when birds compete for nests most severely.
C．To test whether birds send messages through decoration.
D．To investigate if birds are afraid of the feathers themselves.
7．Which of the following nesting boxes are birds unwilling to enter
A．The one with white feathers outside. B．The one with white feathers inside.
C．The one with black feathers outside. D．The one with black feathers inside.
8．By writing the passage, the author intends to tell us that ________.
A．birds compete with each other for nests
B．birds’ living environment faces great risks
C．birds may scare off competitors with a trick
D．birds’ feathers can guarantee their nests safety
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（2022·江苏盐城·三模）There are some basic ways that we encounter potential new friends, the first of which is closeness. When we cross paths regularly, live in the same neighborhood, or share a workstation in the office with someone, it makes sense that acquaintanceship may deepen into friendship as a result of the consistent exposure that occurs through the use of shared space. While there is an old saying, familiarity generates disrespect, the opposite is also true, we tend to like someone more as we spend increasing amounts of time with them.
Shared life stage is the second way that we frequently find new friends. We take satisfaction and pleasure when spending time with people who are experiencing the same challenges or rewards that we are experiencing. When we move from high school to college or college to our first job, we tend to seek out the company of others who are experiencing the same transformation we are.
Shared interests are also a reliable path to friendship making. When we get into a new fitness program or start making our own beer, we are going to be bumping into new people who share these interests whether it’s through chatting in the juice bar or trying to decide what to buy at the craft beer making supply shop.
We know that there are three paths that lead to new friendship pools where we are likely to build our social networks, but do we ever know right from the start that we’ve met a friend Science suggests it is absolutely possible. While we may all have felt the same excitement of instant connection with someone, the “someone” who generates that feeling of warmth in us is going to tell us a lot about who we are as individuals and what we think we need in a friend or partner.
While we may run across potential friends through some ways, there remains a bit of mystery as to why we “click” with some potential friends and not with others.
9．What’s the common understanding of closeness
A．It leads to more shared space. B．It creates a mental distance.
C．It helps establish relationships. D．It makes people more attractive.
10．As a fresh staff in a company, you are more likely to be a friend of ________.
A．someone who lives in your community B．someone who has richer work experience
C．someone who gets the job together with you D．someone who has a wider range of interests
11．What can we learn from the fourth paragraph
A．A friend is easier lost than found. B．True friendship is never peaceful.
C．Friendship is always the aid of virtue. D．Friends hold a mirror up to each other.
12．What can be concluded from the article
A．We are unclear why we have a preference for someone.
B．It’s easy for people to be friends right from the first meeting.
C．Friendships can’t develop between those with diverse tastes.
D．People tend to possess the same interests after becoming friends.
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（2022·江苏盐城·三模）The first time I heard about my classmates engaging with social media was in the fourth grade. A few of my friends and some of my classmates had excitedly jump onto platforms like Instagram at such a young age. On the other hand, I hesitated. I only knew the basics, but was foreign to some words on social media.
All throughout middle school, I stuck with the same thinking. And no as a freshman in college, I am looking back and wondering why I have never been naturally interested in social media.
Scanning Instagram, you ought to find dozens of pictures of people in beautiful countries, taking part in exciting activities, and spending time with friends and family, among many other things. The thought of doing this never resonated with me. I respect and understand those who believe using social media allows them to express themselves and share aspects of their lives others. However, I have never had any interest in doing the same. In my eves, family gatherings and friend get-togethers are just as, if not more meaningful when not shared with others.
Most people have experienced feeling insecure and unconfident on social media. Images that are changed represent unrealistic beauty standards that can only be obtained through dangerous ways. Even without using social media, I knew that using apps like Instagram and Facebook would make me embarrassed of all the aspects that make me a unique individual. I never wanted to look at a post on social media and immediately compare myself and my life.
I constantly observe my classmates getting easily distracted (使分心) by social media. While trying to complete their homework, they have a powerful urge to open up Instagram or Facebook to see if there are any new messages. With homework and after-class activities consuming the majority of my day, I cannot wait to finish every task on my to-do list, so I can finally spend time with my family or have some time for myself to relax from my busy day.
13．What can we know from the first two paragraphs
A．Social media are popular with students.
B．Young pupils suffer from social media
C．The author has no access to social media.
D．Social media contribute to students’ study.
14．The underlined part in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to “________”.
A．waned off B．let down C．hid from D．appealed to
15．Why do people using social media might feel insecure
A．They follow other people’s beauty standards totally.
B．Social media change the way they look at themselves.
C．Social media encourage them to be a unique individual
D．They spend more time posting their images on social media.
16．What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A．A to-do list can stop people using social media.
B．Social media can waste pepole’s valuable time.
C．Spending time with family always enjoys first priority.
D．Students pay more attention to social media than to study.
阅读理解专练473
（2022·江苏盐城·三模）Warm Mineral Springs Park
Step into the past at the only natural warm spring in Florida! With a consistent average temperature of 85 °F year round, Warm Mineral Springs Park provides visitors with a number of recreation options. The spring is reported to have one of the highest mineral contents of any natural spring in the United States. With highly mineralized properties, internationally known for its healing qualities, the park attracts more than 130,000 visitors annually.
At Warm Mineral Springs Park, you will find a day full of relaxation. A variety of spa services are available to those who book in advance by calling (941) 426-1692. An on-site gift shop offers diverse items and souvenirs for purchase.
Pricing
Tickets are not refundable, cannot be exchanged, and cannot be reissued if lost or stolen. Same day re-entry is permitted. Residents include all of Sarasota County. Proof of residency includes driver’s license, water bill and tax bill. Entry pricing, including sales tax, is as follows:
Pass Resident Non-Resident
Adults (ages 18 and above) $15 $20
Students (ages 6-17) $11.25 $15
Children (ages 5 and younger) FREE FREE
Annual Pass $1,125 $2,000
10 Visit Pass $112.50 $150
30 Visit Pass $150 $200
General RulesTo ensure a safe and enjoyable experience for all visitors, please respect the following rules:
Children 10 years and younger must stay in the children’s area.
Children ages 11-16 must remain in the outer border.
You must be 17 years or older to swim in the middle.
No toys are allowed in the water.
No food or drinks in the water.
No visitors may block the entrance or exit ramps (坡道).
Devices for the producing or reproducing of sound are prohibited.
For Dally Programming, Contact: (941) 426-1692
Hours of Operation: Monday through Sunday 9 a.m. to 5 p.m.
Open every day, with the exception of December 25.
17．What makes Warm Mineral Springs Park unique in Florida
A．The natural spring. B．The recreation options.
C．The average temperature. D．The mineral contents.
18．A student aged 16 from Sarasota entered the park twice last Sunday, and he paid ________.
A．$11.25 B．$22.50 C．$15 D．$30
19．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．Visitors can purchase souvenirs all year round.
B．The entrance or exit ramps aren’t available to visitors.
C．Activity zones are separated according to the age of visitors.
D．Each visitor to the park can relax himself through spa services.
阅读理解专练474
（2022·江苏连云港·模拟预测）Female birds sing. That is one conclusion of our 2020 study on the barn swallow. It highlights a long-standing scientific bias and helps us think about why that bias persists.
Despite the well over 1,000 scientific publications about this species, female barn swallow song had never previously been the focus of a research article. Conventional evolutionary theory assumes that males compete for access to females, leading them to evolve features that help fight off other males or attract females. Birdsongs can function in both these contexts. In fact, females sing in at least 64% of songbird species, and their songs can serve the same functions as male songs.
A second reason for the neglect of female birdsong stems from geographic bias. Any serious birder working in the tropics (热带) could tell you that females do sing. But early researchers tended to study species near their universities in the Northern Hemisphere (半球), where females have lost or reduced their songs, which may represent evolutionary adaptations to conserve energy for migration.
A final reason for female birdsong being understudied could be gender. Men have ruled birdsong research from its start. As more women enter the field, they are much more likely than men to be first authors on papers on female birdsong.
To overcome such biases in the scientific rule, we need to make science more accessible to all. For example, if we can make people aware that female birds sing, we will enhance their experience of nature and improve their ability to observe it. People who understand the latest science will create better global data sets, which, in turn, will generate better science. Besides, nonscientists make better observers because they lack preconceived (先入为主的) ideas.
Female birds sing! The truth reflects the constant adjustments to the scientific agreements as new facts become available and new voices are added to the conversation. We welcome a future where research, communication and education combine to deepen our connections to one another and the natural world.
20．What does the underlined part in Paragraph 1 refer to
A．The conclusion of the 2020 study.
B．The belief that female birds can’t sing.
C．The publications about the barn swallow.
D．The finding that females compete with males.
21．Why do female birds sing
A．To keep warm. B．To fight enemies.
C．To attract males. D．To conserve energy.
22．How can we fight against such a scientific bias
A．By making full use of global data sets.
B．By involving general public in science.
C．By collecting more sounds of female birds.
D．By inviting experts to deliver more lectures.
23．What does the last paragraph suggest
A．Diversity is essential to science.
B．A bird may be known by its song.
C．Each bird loves to hear himself sing.
D．The truth is generally held by the minority.
阅读理解专练475
（2022·江苏省淮州中学模拟预测）The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) was invented by Katharine Cook Briggs and her daughter Isabel Briggs Myers. It is a self-report questionnaire indicating differing psychological preferences in how people perceive the world and make decisions. The MBTI personality inventory (量表) sorts people into 16 type categories, each of which is represented by four-letter codes such as INFP and ESTJ. Every year, about 1.5 million people have enjoyed discovering their personality type by completing the MBTI. Many companies, as well as hundreds of universities, use it in hiring and training.
Nevertheless, the MBTI has received a noticeable criticism from the academic community. Some research suggests the MBTI is unreliable because the same person can get different results when retaking the test. Other studies have questioned the validity of the MBTI, which is the ability of the test to accurately link the “types” to outcomes in the real world -for example, how well people classified as a certain type will perform in a given job.
Merve Emre, a professor a Oxford University, points out that it would be more scientifically advisable to score the MBTI scales continuously to show people the degree to which they resemble the types. Even when the MBTI’s results don’t quite match your intuition (直觉) about yourself or are just wrong, they can still provide self-insight and insight into differences and similarities between people.
Scoring and interpreting the MBTI the way other personality inventories are scored and interpreted might be less fun than finding. All of the folklore (民间看法) about INFPs, ESTJs, etc. would have to be dismissed. But, in the end the MBTI is sufficiently reliable and valid enough to be useful in a number of real-world contexts.
24．What do we know about the MBTI from the first paragraph
A．It is a personality-testing tool. B．It is divided into 16 categories.
C．It is a study of personal preference. D．It is a questionnaire on four-letter codes.
25．Why does the MBTI invite criticism
A．It performs badly in job interviews B．Its reliability has been questioned.
C．It requires people to retake the test D．Its advantages are not fully shown.
26．What does Merve Emre think of the MBTI
A．It is beyond criticism. B．It is a more scientific test.
C．It is less fun than other tests. D．It is useful for self-exploration.
27．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A．How Can We Use the MBTI B．Why do We Criticise the MBTI
C．Is the MBTI Totally Meaningless D．Is Scoring the MBTI Really Necessary
阅读理解专练476
（2022·江苏省淮州中学模拟预测）Keeping habitat free from development seems to be gaining a fresh understanding from the Australian public. It may have something to do with the bad situation of our beloved koala. If a canary（金丝雀）in the coal mine means something giving people an early warning of danger, the canary in Australia’s habitat coal mine is probably the koala.
Koalas live where humans want to live. Up to now, the koalas have rarely won against the special economic interests of housing, industrial development and roadways.
The net result is that mature gumtree（桉树）habitat for local koala populations is cruelled, and the “soils library” of the area is lost forever under concrete and blue grassland. Worse still, once those trees are gone replanting will take at least 10 years before they are suitable for eating. The Australian Koala Foundation maps future solutions. But time is running out.
Thankfully, the Australian public at large seems more aware of habitat protection issues. The results of the 2021 National Parks Australia Council survey tell that story. It found 91 percent of Australians agree that national parks and conservation areas are desirable to protect nature from resource extraction（开采）. More importantly, protecting koalas for current and future generations, topped the list of the most important benefits of national parks and conservation areas for Australians.
Besides, Australians are now modelling the way of “untouched wilderness” areas being managed by First Nations people, who developed vast scientific knowledge and experience over 60,000 years of habitation and “natural” development. Australians come to understand a universal truth that conservation ultimately depends on repairing the broken relationship between people and wildlife. Saving natural ecosystems and biodiversity is directly saving humanity.
28．What is the problem with the koala habitat
A．It is occupied by canaries. B．It is the focus of public attention.
C．It is unsuitable for planting trees D．It is lost to being developed.
29．What can be done to protect koalas according to the survey
A．Acquiring vast scientific knowledge. B．Making full use of valuable resources.
C．Establishing protection zones for them D．Creating national parks for Australians.
30．What can we infer about the past patterns of management
A．They lead to habitat protection issues.
B．They are favorable and worth following.
C．They are more advanced than present ones.
D．They remain unchanged for thousands of years.
31．What is the text mainly about
A．The Koala in the coal mine. B．The Method of development.
C．The Function of national parks. D．The Importance of koala food.
阅读理解专练477
（2022·江苏苏州·模拟预测）Books on the History of Ukraine
The Gates of Europe: A History of Ukraine
By Serhii Plokhy
Basic Books; 395 pages; $29.99. Allen Lane; 25
The author is the most distinguished historian of Ukraine (乌克兰) writing in English. This book covers the many centuries in which Ukraine was attacked by powers from all points of the compass. Mr Plokhy shows how Ukrainian language, culture and identity boomed through hardships — which helps explain why Ukrainians are fighting heroically to defend themselves.
Borderland: A Journey Through the History of Ukraine
By Anna Reid
Basic Books; 368 pages; $18.99. Weidenfeld & Nicolson; 10.99
The author first published this mixture of memoir (回忆录), travelogue and history in 1997, but updated it in 2015. She introduces appealing Ukrainians, bygone and contemporary, including Taras Shevchenko, the national poet, etc. Ms Reid does not avoid the horrors of the country’s past; but she also finds room for hope.
The Ukrainian Night: An Intimate History of Revolution
By Marci Shore
Yale University Press; 320 pages; $26 and 25
The title comes from a poem by Vladimir Mayakovsky, and the book is an account of prodemocracy (支持民主) revolution in Ukraine in 2013-14. The author describes the feelings of people then — the sense of unity and the motivation of those who headed east to fight the Russian-backed enemies in the Donbas. She also describes the implications of Ukraine’s fate for the future of Europe.
Red Famine: Stalin’s War on Ukraine
By Anne Applebaum
Doubleday; 496 pages; $35. Allen Lane; 25
The starvation, known as the Holodomor, swept Ukraine in 1932-33, killing around 4 million people. Anne Applebaum, a Pulitzer-prize winning author, convincingly argues that the starvation was awful, yet left psychological wealth for Ukrainians who bonded together to preserve their nationalism.
32．Where does the book The Ukrainian Night take its name from
A．From a film. B．From a poem.
C．From a magazine. D．From a newspaper.
33．Which book is the cheapest in dollars
A．Red Famine: Stalin’s War on Ukraine.
B．The Gates of Europe: A History of Ukraine.
C．Borderland: A Journey Through the History of Ukraine.
D．The Ukrainian Night: An Intimate History of Revolution.
34．What theme do the four books share
A．They predict the future of Ukraine. B．They face up to historical challenges.
C．They pity Ukrainians for their misfortune. D．They admit the weaknesses of humans.
阅读理解专练478
（2022·江苏苏州·模拟预测）If your children’s Christmas wish lists are hard to distinguish, pity their teachers who have been struggling with confusing schoolwork ever since schools reopened.
“ Younger kids failed to learn letter patterns and formations while older kids lose speed and clearness without regular practice during the shutdown of schools, ” says Sheilagh Blyth, an occupational therapist (治疗专家) who studies handwriting.
Of course, it’s a symptom of a wider problem. As Amanda Spielman, the head of Ofsted ( Office for Standards in Education ), indicated yesterday, handwriting puts an added burden on parents — it’s long been an aspect of children’s school books that they analyse at home.
“ This is a big problem for my almost 10-year-old ”, says one mother. “ When they sent two year’s worth of his books back together, the degradation (退化) was severe and it hasn’t recovered ” .
Another mother worries that her younger son has fallen behind compared with his older brother. “ His handwriting is definitely not where I think it should be, ” she says.
Blyth warns handwriting needs to be practiced regularly and that students need to practise the letter formation and joined-up writing to write well in exams. “ Learning handwriting doesn’t just happen as there are increasingly fewer day-to-day opportunities to write with a pen or pencil, ” says Gill Budgell, an educational consultant who wrote Penpals for Handwriting meant for three to 11-year-olds.
The Write Dance programme is an approach to teaching handwriting that is based on physical movement. Diana Strauss, who runs the programme in the UK with Nicole Barrons, says, “ Whole body movement relaxes the shoulders and the arms and has a positive effect on physical tasks, which handwriting is. ”
Diana is seeing more interest from schools in accessing the Write Dance Programme, which was developed in the 1960s by Ragnhild Oussoren, a Dutch graphologist (笔迹学家). “ We’ve been busy doing live training sessions, particularly with schools in Wales, ” she adds.
Perhaps there is hope for Father Christmas and those gift wish list after all.
35．Why are children’s Christmas wish lists mentioned in paragraph 1
A．To describe children’s longing for Christmas gifts.
B．To make a comparison between parents and teachers.
C．To introduce the topic of children’s handwriting in crisis.
D．To provide an explanation for children’s bad handwriting.
36．What does the underlined word “ this ” in paragraph 4 refer to
A．Schools have long been shut down.
B．Children have recently returned to school.
C．Parents analyze their children’s books at home.
D．Children’s handwriting gets worse on school books.
37．What opinions do Blyth and Gill share in paragraph 6
A．Good handwriting serves exams.
B．Learning handwriting is difficult.
C．Handwriting is important among 11-year-olds.
D．Regular practice counts in improving handwriting.
38．What can we learn about the Write Dance Programme
A．It has attracted more attention from schools.
B．It advocates carrying out physical tasks.
C．It was developed by Diana Strauss and Nicole Barrons.
D．Its training sessions have only covered schools in Wales.
阅读理解专练479
In this funny,wise and heartfeel book,Confessions of a Bad Mother: the Teenage Years, Stephanie Calman covers the lives of her two children from when they were eight and seven to when they're 20 and 19 and have both gone off to college.
Luckily,whatever age they are,Calman writes about parenthood with the same winning mix of fondness and trouble. But on the whole,Calman goes for the the comedy aspects of parenthood,and the book is full of great jokes. But it also has its more reflective side,as she considers the whole strange business of family life-sometimes with a touch of sadness.Here, though, is a statement straight from the heart of her children's early teenage years...
It's the seemingly smaller changes that can be the most painful, like when they come back from a stay with friends and you rush to hug them. And they take a step back.Then there's the extreme self-consciousness you get at this stage; suddenly, everything you say is unconvincing, stupid and wrong.
Meanwhile,your teenagers need desperately to be praised, but throw it back in your face. But you must persist. This is not easy.
For example, when Lawrence or Lydia came home with a picture, we used to say: "OH WOW! WHAT A LOVELY PICTURE! LETIS PUT IT RIGHT UP HERE ON THE WALL! EVERYONE,COME AND LOOK AT THIS!"
Now when they do something impressive, such as passing an exam, we must not sound Too Pleased.Nor must we hug them and cover them with proud, delighted kisses.
＂Oh,that's good, well done!” is about right, though on second thoughts I might lose them"!".
8．Which of the following best describes Stephanie Calman's feelings to parenthood
A．Proud but confused.
B．Positive but disappointed.
C．Loving but annoyed.
D．Pleased but unconcerned.
9．Why do teenagers refuse to be hugged by their parents
A．They are extremely self-conscious.
B．They think their parents are stupid.
C．They would like to be appreciated.
D．They are influenced by the friends.
10．What .does Calman mean when she said on second thoughts I might lose them
A．She should praise her children calmly and quietly.
B．She should think twice before praising her children.
C．Her children might lose heart if they are not praised.
D．Her children might feel proud if they are praised.
11．In writing the passage,the author aims to_____.
A．remember a writer
B．explain a growing phenomenon
C．introduce a book
D．recommend a child-raising way
阅读理解专练480
If a president and a philosopher credited the same secret for their success. would you try to follow it too What if the secret was something you already knew how to do In fact, you probably do it every day. Here's what Friedrich Nietzsche wrote: It is only ideas gained from walking that have any worth." Thomas Jefferson: “Walking is the best possible exercise.”
It's not just the two great minds who made a case for it as a prime creativity booster. Researchers have traced numerous connections between walking and generating ideas. A Stanford University study found that participants were 81 percent more creative when walking as opposed to sitting. You've probably heard the phrase Exercise your creativity, which refers to the brain as muscle. Our creative mindset is triggered by physical movement, which is exactly why walking-with your dog, a friend, or alone-feeds creative thinking.
But the scenery is almost as important as the sweat. The National Human Activity Pattern Survey reveals that Americans spend 87 percent of their time indoors. Being inside, you will be less energetic. Without energy, you can't wonder or create. Interrupting your routine with a walk can afford you fresh insights into problems or projects. Just by going outside, you are stepping out of your habitual surroundings and your comfort zone, which is necessary if you want to open your mind to new possibilities. When you can walk through a tree-filled neighborhood or down a busy street, you can't help but get distracted by the child pointing to a building you haven't even noticed before
Our brains work harder to process in different environments, so walking outside fosters our ability ta glean hew ideas. Research has shown that immersion (沉浸） in nature, and the corresponding disconnection from multimedia and technology, increased performance on a creative problem-solving task by a full 50 percent in a group of hikers.
So instead of setting a fitness goal, why not set a creativity goal that starts with walking Engage more closely with your surroundings. Turn off your phone and give yourself the chance to be present in the world, to hear conversations and natural sounds, to notice the way people move,the way the sun reflects in a pond. Walk not just for exercise. Walk for wonder.
12．What does the underlined phrase "the secret" in Paragraph I refer to
A．Routine.
B．Walking.
C．Exercise.
D．Habit.
13．What can we learn from Paragraph 3
A．Being inside will make you get nowhere in creativity.
B．Walking outside opens your mind to new possibilities.
C．Fresh insights into problems are guaranteed by walking.
D．Staying outside helps you concentrate on your problem.
14．According to the passage, which of the following best contributes to creativity
A．Wandering in a park.
B．Surfing the Internet.
C．Sleeping in a room.
D．Chatting with a friend.
15．What's the main idea of the passage
A．Walking feeds creative thinking.
B．Walking builds up people's health.
C．Creative thinking is the key to success.
D．Creative thinking starts with a creative goal.
专题24.答案
阅读理解专练461
【答案】9．C
10．B
11．A
12．D
阅读理解专练462
【答案】13．D
14．C
15．D
16．B
阅读理解专练463
【答案】17．D
18．A
19．C
20．D
阅读理解专练464
【答案】21．B
22．C
23．C
24．A
阅读理解专练465
【答案】25．B
26．A
27．D
28．A
阅读理解专练466
【答案】29．B
30．A
31．C
32．C
阅读理解专练467
【答案】33．B
34．B
35．D
阅读理解专练468
【答案】36．D
37．B
38．A
39．A
阅读理解专练469
1．D
2．A
3．B
4．A
阅读理解专练470
5．D
6．C
7．B
8．C
阅读理解专练471
9．B
10．C
11．D
12．A
阅读理解专练472
13．A
14．D
15．B
16．B
阅读理解专练473
17．A
18．A
19．C
阅读理解专练474
20．B
21．C
22．B
23．A
阅读理解专练475
24．A
25．B
26．D
27．C
阅读理解专练476
28．D
29．C
30．B
31．A
阅读理解专练477
32．B
33．C
34．B
阅读理解专练478
35．C
36．D
37．D
38．A
阅读理解专练479
【答案】8．C9．A10．A11．C
阅读理解专练480
【答案】12．B13．B14．A15．A
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