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Unit 4 Inventions素养综合检测
（满分:100分,限时:60分钟）
Ⅰ.语法选择(每小题1分,共15分)
(2022广东广州广雅实验学校期中)
阅读下面短文,从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。
Inventions can be either big or small. Big inventions 　1　 the TV and the computer make us 　2　 them all the time. There are also several small things around us. 　3　,we are seldom aware 　4　 them. The following 　5　 two small inventions. They are as 　6　 as big inventions.
A paper clip helps hold pieces of paper together without 　7　 a hole. A big paper clip was put up in Norway 　8　 people remember the inventor of the paper clip,Johan Vaaler. He invented the paper clip in 1900 when working in 　9　. A paper clip is in fact a piece of wire. It can hold 　10　 pieces of paper together. Now 　11　 them are made and sold all over the world.
The ballpoint pen was invented 　12　 by a Hungarian called Bíró. He had been trying to find　13　 use for the quick-drying ink and designed this pen. Later,a Frenchman,Marcel Bich thought up the idea of making 　14　 use-and-throw pen and sold it cheap. It was named BIC and became 　15　.
1.A.like B.are like C.likes D.are liked
2.A.feel B.to feel C.feeling D.felt
3.A.So B.Therefore C.But D.However
4.A.in B.to C.of D.at
5.A.is B.are C.was D.were
6.A.helpful B.more helpful C.most helpful D.the most helpful
7.A.make B.to make C.making D.makes
8.A.help B.to help　　　　C.helping D.helped
9.A.German B.Germany C.Germans D.Germanies
10.A.few　　　　B.a few C.little D.a little
11.A.million B.million of C.millions D.millions of
12.A.at 1930s B.in 1930s C.in the 1930 D.in the 1930s
13.A.other B.others C.another D.the other
14.A.a B.an C.the D. /
15.A. popularer and popularer B.more popular and popular
C.more and more popular D.more popular and more popular
Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题2分,共20分)
(2022广东广州白云区期中)
China has become stronger and stronger in recent years. Many foreigners can’t believe that China has developed so fast and feel　16　. They see high-speed trains, Alipay, shared bikes and online shopping as the Four Great 　17　 Inventions of China. Some of them 　18　 the influences (影响)of the new inventions. The following is what they said.
Justin: I’m from Romania. The high-speed trains are very　19　, convenient and tidy. It takes me only about five hours from Beijing to Shanghai by train. It 　20　 a lot of time.
Yala: I’m from Nepal. The bicycle-sharing system allows people to get a bike from point “A” and　21　 it at point “B”. It’s convenient, and it’s also a low-carbon (低碳的)and healthy way. I like it very much.
Arcbana: My life in Beijing is quite different from that in India. Here in China I 　22　 take notes (纸币)with me when I go out. I can pay with Alipay most of the time. It’s amazing. However, in India, if you don’t take 　23　 with you, you’ll be in trouble.
Bond: I find many　24　 between China and Thailand. We don’t have Taobao or other online shopping apps in Thailand. With these apps, I can 　25　 easily without stepping out of the doors in China.
16.A.surprised B.nervous C.sad D.angry
17.A.Old B.New C.Young　　　　D.Small
18.A.depended on B.looked for
C.talked about D.gave up
19.A.fast B.short C.slow　　　　 D.heavy
20.A.takes B.saves C.changes D.works
21.A.borrow B.buy C.keep D.return
22.A.seldom B.sometimes C.often D.usually
23.A.water B.money　　　　C.rubbish　　　　D.food
24.A.promises B.connections C.differences D.problems
25.A.run B.swim C.read D.shop
Ⅲ.阅读理解(每小题3分,共30分)
A
(2020黑龙江绥化中考改编)
With the development of science and technology, our daily life is becoming more colorful and more convenient.
The Book-less Library Can you imagine walking into a library and finding all books have turned into computers The first book-less public library is planned to open in San Antonio, puters will take the place of books soon. Google Glass Google Glass is a pair of glasses with a battery(电池) hidden inside the frame(边框). It can carry out many of the same tasks as smart phones. The glasses have a hidden camera and a tiny screen. It is designed to take hands-free photos or videos of anything people are doing.
A New Kind of Shirt Hate washing clothes You’re going to love this kind of shirt made by an American clothing company, Wool & Prince. This shirt can be worn for 100 straight days without washing! The Wool & Prince shirt never needs ironing(熨烫). An Underwater Hotel It looks like a spaceship but it is actually a picture of an underwater hotel. A company plans to build in the sea which is about 18 meters below the surface. The whole building is underwater and you can get to it by swimming and diving.
26.What can a Google Glass do
A.It can be used for drinking.
B.It can read a book like a man.
C.It can take photos and videos.
27.If you don’t want to wash clothes often, what will you buy
A.The Wool & Prince shirt.
B.The Nike clothes.
C.The traditional clothes.
28.What does the underlined word “hands-free” mean in the passage
A.You don’t have hands at all.
B.Your hands don’t cost money.
C.You don’t need to use your hands.
29.How do people enter an underwater hotel
A.By taking a boat.
B.By swimming and diving.
C.By walking into it.
30.What may be the best title for the passage
A.New Inventions
B.New Problems
C.New Discoveries
B
(2021云南昆明中考)
According to UNESCO, a large number of children in villages in some African countries like Kenya and Tanzania do not go to school. They have to work to make money for their family. And more than half of people in these countries live without electricity.
A company is now working to solve both of these problems. It has created a special solar (太阳的) power station, which is in the shape of a cow, called “Solar Cow”.The company encourages parents in those poor villages to send their children to school by setting up Solar Cows at schools.
Just as its name suggests, the Solar Cow can charge batteries (给电池充电) called “Solar Milks”. The Solar Milks provide electricity for the families.
The batteries can only be charged using the Solar Cow, so children have to go to school to get the electricity. Every day, children put their batteries into the bottom of their school’s Solar Cow. They go to class while the batteries are being charged. At the end of the day, they take the charged batteries home.
Each fully-charged Solar Milk battery can charge a mobile phone three or four times, or a radio once or twice. The battery is also a flashlight, and it can provide ten hours of light. “My father used to travel two to three hours to the charging shop to charge his phone, and it cost a lot,”a boy said. “But now, he can use the battery I bring from school to charge his phone at home.”
Since 2018, this company has set up two Solar Cows in Kenya and one in Tanzania.The company also started to raise money for more Solar Cows to help the poor children in Africa.
31.What is a Solar Cow
A.An animal which can produce milk.
B.A solar battery in the shape of a cow.
C.A mobile phone in the shape of a cow.
D.A solar power station in the shape of a cow.
32.How does the company encourage the parents to send their children to school
A.By giving them money.
B.By setting up Solar Cows at schools.
C.By offering them cows.
D.By building some schools in the villages.
33.What is the correct order for children to get the electricity for their families
a. Children go to school with batteries.
b.Children take the charged batteries home.
c.Children have classes while the batteries are being charged.
d.Children put the batteries into the bottom of their school’s Solar Cow.
A.a-d-c-b　　　B.a-c-d-b
C.b-d-c-a　　　D.b-a-c-d
34.What can each fully-charged Solar Milk battery do
A.It can charge a radio three or four times.
B.It can provide electricity for a Solar Cow.
C.It can provide ten hours of light as a flashlight.
D.It can charge a mobile phone seven or eight times.
35.What does this passage mainly talk about
A.Solar Cows have provided electricity for the schools.
B.Some African children don’t go to school because they have to work.
C.More than half of people in Kenya and Tanzania live without electricity.
D.Solar Cows are solving two problems at the same time in some African countries.
Ⅳ.词汇(每小题2分,共10分)
　　根据句意及首字母或汉语提示写出单词。
36.(2022辽宁沈阳铁西区期中)It’s twenty years　　　 (自从)I saw him last time.
37.(2021四川乐山中考)It’s possible for people to live to be more than one 　　　(世纪).
38.(2022独家原创)我们经常通过智能手机与亲戚和朋友取得联系。
We often get in t　　　 with relatives and friends by smart phones.
39.(2022辽宁沈阳铁西区期中)It’s parents’ job to provide a　　　(舒适的)environment at home for their children.
40.(2021贵州铜仁中考)My parents don’t 　　　(允许)me to hang out with friends at night.
Ⅴ.书面表达(共25分)
(2022广东深圳龙岗区宏扬学校期中)
随着科技的发展,车辆越来越多,能耗越来越高,交通事故也相应呈上升趋势。假如你的叔叔是一名工程师,他发明了一种由计算机控制的小型汽车。请根据下表的要点提示,用英语向你的外国网友介绍这款产品。
新型汽车
优势 环保,节能,安全,易操作
特点 1.以太阳能作为动力,时速可达120 km 2.可以根据乘客数量改变大小,可以通过声音控制方向 3.遇到交通拥堵,可以伸展翅膀飞到空中
观点 政府需支持生产和鼓励人们使用
要求:1.须包含以上所给要点,可适当发挥;
2.条理清楚,语句通顺,语法正确,书写规范;
3.80词左右,文章的开头已给出,不计入总词数。
参考词汇:政府(government),节能的(energy-saving),太阳能(solar power),乘客(passenger),方向(direction),生产(production)
With the development of modern science and technology, more and more cars go into our life, but most cars are bad for the environment. My uncle is a car engineer and he has invented a new car, which is　 　
　
　
　
　
　
答案全解全析
Ⅰ.[语篇解读]　本文以回形针和圆珠笔为例,说明小发明和大发明一样,对人们有很大的帮助。
1.A　考查介词。like作为动词意为“喜欢”,作为介词意为“像……一样”。根据语境可知此处应填介词like。故选A。
2.A　本句考查make sb. do sth.结构,意思是“使某人做某事”。故应选feel。
3.D　考查副词。so如此;therefore因此;but作副词时表示“仅仅”;however然而。根据上下文可知此处表示转折关系。故应用However。
4.C　be aware of sth.是固定搭配,意思是“察觉到”。故选C。
5.B　考查动词。本句说的是现在的事实,即下面是两个小发明,故用一般现在时。the following作主语时,谓语的数取决于后面谈及的人或事物的数,故选B。
6.A　考查形容词的比较等级。本句是“as+形容词原级+as”句型,意思是“和……一样……”。故选A。
7.C　without后跟动名词作宾语。故选C。
8.B　考查动词不定式。本题是动词不定式短语作目的状语。故选B。
9.B　考查名词。German作名词,意思是“德语,德国人”,作形容词,意思是“德国的,德国人的,德语的”。Germany是名词,意为“德国”。Germans是复数名词,意思是“德国人”。根据语境可知句意是:当他1900年在德国工作时,他发明了回形针。故选B。
10.B　few和a few都修饰可数名词复数,但两者意思不同,分别是“几乎没有几个”和“有几个”。little和a little都修饰不可数名词,意思分别是“几乎没有”和“有一点”。pieces是可数名词复数,故应用few 或a few来修饰。结合句意可知用a few。故选B。
11.D　考查数词。million和billion,hundred,thousand等用法相同,即当它们被其他数词修饰时,后不加-s;当它们和of连用时,后加-s,即millions of,billions of等。故选D。
12.D　四个选项中只有“in the 1930s”是正确形式,意思是“在20世纪30年代”。故选D。
13.C　考查不定代词。other意思是“其他的”;others意思是“其他人(事物)”;another意思是“另一个”;the other通常用于one...,the other...句型中,意为“另一个”。根据语境可知他一直在寻找速干墨水的另一种用途。故选C。
14.A　考查冠词。pen是可数名词单数,且被“use-and-throw”修饰,故用冠词a。
15.C　popular的比较级形式为more popular。“越来越受欢迎”应为more and more popular。故选C。
Ⅱ.[语篇解读]　本文主要介绍了中国的一些新发明给生活带来的好处。
16.A　考查形容词辨析。surprised惊讶的;nervous紧张的;sad伤心的;angry生气的。根据空前的“Many foreigners can’t believe that China has developed so fast”可知,应该是感到惊讶。故选A。
17.B　考查形容词辨析。old旧的;new新的;young年轻的;small小的。根据下文“the influences of the new inventions”可知,此处指“新四大发明”。故选B。
18.C　考查动词短语辨析。depend on取决于;look for寻找;talk about谈论;give up放弃。根据空后的“The following is what they said.”可知,应该是谈论了新发明的影响。故选C。
19.A　fast快的;short矮的;slow慢的;heavy重的。根据空后的“It takes me only about five hours from Beijing to Shanghai by train.”可知,高铁很快。故选A。
20.B　考查动词辨析。take花费;save节省;change改变;work工作。根据空前的“It takes me only about five hours from Beijing to Shanghai by train.”可知,应该是节省了很多时间。故选B。
21.D　考查动词辨析。borrow借;buy买;keep保存;return归还。根据空前的“get a bike from point ‘A’ ” 和空后的“it at point ‘B’”可知,应该是从“A”点取车,在“B”点还车。故选D。
22.A　考查副词辨析。seldom很少;sometimes有时;often经常;usually通常。根据空后的“I can pay with Alipay most of the time.”可知,应该是我出门时很少带纸币。故选A。
23.B　考查名词辨析。water水;money钱;rubbish垃圾;food食物。根据文章内容可知,在印度,如果你不带钱,就会有麻烦的。故选B。
24.C　考查名词辨析。promise许诺;connection联系;difference不同之处;problem问题。根据后文的“We don’t have Taobao or other online shopping apps in Thailand.”可知,应该是中国和泰国有许多不同之处。故选C。
25.D　考查动词辨析。run跑步;swim游泳;read阅读;shop购物。根据前文的“Taobao or other online shopping apps”可知,应该是可以不用出门就轻松地购物。故选D。
Ⅲ. A
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。随着科技发展,我们的生活更多彩、更便利。本文主要介绍了四项新发明。
26.C　细节理解题。题干意为:谷歌眼镜能做什么 根据表格第一行第二列中的“The glasses have a hidden camera and a tiny screen. It is designed to take hands-free photos or videos of anything people are doing.”可知,谷歌眼镜可以照相和拍视频。故选C。
27.A　细节理解题。题干意为:如果你不想经常洗衣服,你将会买什么 根据表格第二行第一列中的“This shirt can be worn for 100 straight days without washing!”可知答案选A。
28.C　词义猜测题。题干意为:文中画线单词“hands-free”是什么意思 根据表格第一行第二列中的“The glasses have a hidden camera and a tiny screen.”可推知,你不需要用手就可以拍照和拍视频。故选C。
29.B　细节理解题。题干意为:人们如何进入一个水下宾馆 根据表格第二行第二列中的“The whole building is underwater and you can get to it by swimming and diving.”可知选B。
30.A　主旨大意题。通读全文内容可知,本文介绍了四项让我们的生活更便利的新发明。故选A。
B
[语篇解读]　本文主要讲述了一家公司发明了特殊太阳能发电站,来解决一些非洲国家的孩子无法上学及人们缺少电能的问题。
31.D　细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句可知Solar Cow指的是一种特殊的太阳能发电站。故选D。
32.B　细节理解题。根据文章第二段的最后一句可知,那家公司通过建立太阳能发电站来鼓励父母们送孩子们去上学。故选B。
33.A　细节理解题。根据文章第四段内容可知正确顺序为a-d-c-b。故选A。
34.C　细节理解题。根据文章第五段内容可知,A项中的“a radio three or four times”与原文“a radio once or twice”不符,D项中的“a mobile phone seven or eight times”与原文“a mobile phone three or four times”不符;B项在文中未提到;C项与原文一致。
35.D　主旨大意题。通读文章内容可知,本文主要讲了Solar Cows在非洲的一些国家同时解决了两大问题。故选D。
Ⅳ.36.since　37.century　38.touch　fortable　40.allow
Ⅴ.One possible version:
With the development of modern science and technology, more and more cars go into our life, but most cars are bad for the environment. My uncle is a car engineer and he has invented a new car, which is energy-saving and environment-friendly. It is easy and safe to drive, too.
This car works on solar power. It can run at a speed of 120 kilometers an hour. It can change its size according to the number of the passengers. You can change the direction by your voice, too. When there is a traffic jam, it can spread its wings and fly up to the sky. What an amazing car it is!
In my opinion, the government should support the production of this kind of car. People should be greatly encouraged to use this type of car so that we can make the world cleaner and better in the future.

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