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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
重难题型三：6选5还原句子
一、技能突破
【考情分析】
目前，中考英语日益注重对学生综合运用语言能力的考查。由考题看出中考英语更加注重考查学生的英语核心素养，特别是对词汇的运用，对文章的分析、推理、归纳的能力。对于这种新题型，学生们普遍感到无从下手。要想让学生做好这些题，除了增加其阅读量、加强他们的实践训练外，还必须掌握其相关解题步骤与策略。
解题策略：1．先读选项，明确任务。在平日的教学中，我要求学生在做英语阅读六选五的时候首先看选项。在通读六个选项时，弄懂各个选项的意思，用笔勾划出重要的信息，包括句中的重点名词、动词、关键时间点、地点或其他一些比较有含义的词。但在这个环节需要注意要把握好时间，如果遇到自己特别不熟悉的词汇，不必花费时间去苦思冥想，更不要任意猜测。
2．速读文章，明确重点。将六个选项的大意通读了以后，我要求学生快速阅读文本，要求学生对文章内容有个粗略的了解，明确文章的基本话题和主要内容，重点抓住文章结构，找准关键句，了解文章的话题。在速读的过程中要特别注意文章的首尾两段，这样有助于学生快速掌握文章的主题。在这个环节，如果有非常明显的简单的问题，可以直接选上。
3．详读短文，细找答案。文章泛读结束后，便是详读环节。我要求学生注意力高度集中，详细阅读每一段落，重点是阅读文章中五个空白处的前后句，标出泛读时漏掉的关键词，这是找准答案的重要一步。在标记关键词时，如果遇到和选项中的关键词相匹配的情况，就可以将选项放到空白处阅读。必须注意的是，有的学生看到空格处前后句中有选项里出现的关键词，便立刻将答案确定下来，这未免太过武断。因为仅仅有关键词的重合是远远不够的，选项填入后还必须符合句子的意思、逻辑结构和语境，否则就不能将其确定为正确的选项。在这一环节，我要求注意人称匹配、时间匹配和事件匹配这三方面。
4．复读文章，核实答案。检查是学生做该题的最后一个步骤，也是最重要的一项内容，必须把好这一关。在选出各项后，千万不要急着做下一题，而应趁着目前对文章的内容记忆较为清晰的时候重新将选项代入空白处快速阅读全文，以检查自己的选择正确与否、是否有手误错选的问题。重点检查逻辑关系和关联结构，检查的内容包括语义是否通顺、篇章结构是否连贯、段落句子前后是否合乎逻辑、有没有笔误等情况。
例一：（2020贵阳）
Nirmal Purja has set several world records after climbing the world's 14 highest mountains in less than seven months．
　 1 　Though he was born 1，600 meters above sea level，he didn't climb any serious mountains until he was 29．
But Mr． Purja， now 36， was trained to be strong． He used to be a soldier in the British army， where he had special training for fighting in very cold weather．　 2 　
There are only 14 mountains in the world that are higher than 8，000 meters． Mr．Purja had already climbed several of them．　 3 　The old record for climbing the 14 mountains was seven years，ten months and six days． It was set by South Korean climber Kim Chang﹣ho in 2013．
Mr．Purja named his challenge"Project Possible"．　 4 　On October 29，just a lttle more than six months after he started， Nirmal Purja had finished climbing the 14th mountain．
Though Mr． Purja completed his challenge unbelievably quickly，it wasn't easy．For example，during one day of climbing Shishapangma， Mr． Purja and his team climbed for 15 hours nonstop．
　 5 　Mr．Purja believes his strong physical condition and his training as a soldier helped him．He hopes his efforts will inspire others．"People are only limited（限制） by their imagination，" he says．"If you don't dream， then you won't do it"
A． Mr． Purja was born in Nepal， in the Himalayas． B． He had completed five more climb in Pakistan． C． He began on April 23， by climbing Annapurna in Nepal． D． His goal was to climb all of them in less than seven months． E． They had to deal with winds as fast as 75 kilometers per hour． F． In 2018， he left there to follow his dream of mountain climbing．
1.A
【解析】Though he was born 1，600 meters above sea level，he didn't climb any serious mountains until he was 29结合选项，应说Purja先生出生在尼泊尔的喜马拉雅山，故选A。
2.F
【解析】He used to be a soldier in the British army， where he had special training for fighting in very cold weather结合选项，应说2018年，他离开了那里，去追寻自己的登山梦想，故选F。
3.D
【解析】The old record for climbing the 14 mountains was seven years，ten months and six days结合选项，应说他的目标是在7个月内爬完所有山峰，故选D。
4.C
【解析】On October 29，just a little more than six months after he started， Nirmal Purja had finished climbing the 14th mountain结合选项，应说4月23日，他开始攀登尼泊尔的安纳普尔纳，故选C。
5.E
【解析】Mr．Purja believes his strong physical condition and his training as a soldier helped him结合选项，应说他们必须应对每小时75公里的风速，故选E。
跟踪训练
【例1】What kind of music do you like？How do you feel when you listen to your favorite music？Do you think music can make people feel better or help them to learn？
Jen Morgan is a music therapist （治疗师）.（1）　 　 Jen uses music to help her patients learn new skills.She can also help patients with their speaking and their memory.
Jen uses different activities with her patients.She gets them to listen to music and sing or play along.（2）　 　 Jen might get them to clap，jump or dance.Jen also asks her patients to try to remember songs they like.
Jen writes songs and uses them in her therapy work.She says，"（3）　 　.I write songs about everything：about getting dressed，about flowers，about my favorite food﹣you name it!Sometimes my patients help me write songs."
Jen loves her job as a music therapist.She says， "（4）　 　.It's wonderful to see how music
therapy can help children with disabilities.Often children are shy when I first meet them.（5）　 　
Music makes people feel good!"
A.I'm very lucky to have this job. B.She works with children with disabilities. C.Jen plays with children to sing and dance. D.I've probably written more than 200 songs. E.Her patients also enjoy moving to the music. F.But they soon start having fun and enjoying the music.
答案解析：细节推理题。
（1）B.根据后句"Jen uses music to help her patients learn new skills.She can also help patients with their speaking and their memory.珍用音乐帮助病人学习新的技能，她还可以帮助病人说话和记忆。"可知说的是治病，结合选项，应说她为残疾儿童工作。故选B。
（2）E.根据前句"She gets them to listen to music and sing or play along.她让他们听音乐、唱歌或一起玩。"可知说的是听音乐，结合选项，应说她的病人也喜欢听音乐。故选E。
（3）D.根据后句"I write songs about everything：about getting dressed，about flowers，about my favorite food﹣you name it!我为每件事写歌：关于穿衣，关于鲜花，关于我最喜欢的食物，"可知说的是写的歌，结合选项，应说我大概写了200多首歌。故选D。
（4）A.根据前句"Jen loves her job as a music therapist.She says， "珍喜欢她的音乐治疗师的工作。"可知说的是喜欢这个工作，结合选项，应说我很幸运能得到这份工作。故选A。
（5）F.根据后句"Music makes people feel good!"音乐让人感觉很好！"可知说的是对音乐的感受，结合选项，应说但他们很快就开始享受音乐的乐趣。故选F。
二、备考精练2022中考真题
1.2022黔东南
A: Hi, Wu Jing! Did you watch the live broadcast（现场直播）on CCTV this morning
B: Yes, I did. I was so excited when I saw the crewed（载人）spaceship Shenzhou-14 rising.
A: Me, too. I think China is playing a leading role in many ways. ___1___
B: Yeah, for six months. They will come back in December. ___2___
A: I agree. I’m also proud of them and I make up my mind to be a man like them.
B: ___3___
A: I want to be an engineer when I grow up.
B: ___4___
A: I’m going to study harder and get more knowledge.
B: Where do you want to work after you graduate from university
A: I want to work in our hometown. As a member of Qiandongnan, we should do what we can to make our hometown better and better.
B: ___5___
A: Thank you. I also hope more and more teenagers can learn science and technology better to serve our motherland.
A. What do you want to be when you grow up
B. They are Chinese astronauts.
C. Do you still remember how long the three astronauts will stay in the space station
D. I hope your dream can come true.
E. How are you going to do that
F. It’s my pleasure.
G. I think they are the pride of Chinese.
【答案】1. C 2. G 3. A 4. E 5. D21qwz
【解析】
【导语】本文是吴静和A聊到宇航员和长大后想做什么的一则对话。
【1题详解】
根据“Yeah, for six months”可知，此处应是对时间段提问，C选项“你还记得三个宇航员要在空间站待多久吗 ”符合，故选C。
【2题详解】
根据“I agree. I’m also proud of them and I make up my mind to be a man like them”可知，此处应对宇航员作出正面的评价，G选项“我认为他们是中国人的骄傲”符合，故选G。
【3题详解】
根据“I want to be an engineer when I grow up”可知，询问对方长大后想做什么，A选项“你长大后想做什么”符合，故选A。
【4题详解】
根据“I’m going to study harder and get more knowledge”可知，此处询问怎样做到，E选项“你打算怎么做”符合，故选E。
【5题详解】
根据“Thank you”可知，此处应是表达祝愿的一句话，所以对方表示感谢，D选项“我希望你的梦想会实现”符合，故选D。
2.2022铜仁
A: You look worried, Peter.
B: I am Ms. Manson. _____1_____
A: You said you liked English. What’s the problem
B: I can’t get the pronunciation right.
A: _____2_____Why don’t you listen to English songs on the radio
B: That’s a good idea. But what about all the new words _____3_____
A: You can always write the new words in your notebook and review them from time to time.
B: ______4______
A: Can you understand when people talk to you
B: Well, not always. Sometimes I just don’t understand what people are saying. Another problem is that I don’t get much writing practice.
A: ______5______
B: That sounds like a fun way to practice writing. Thanks, Ms. Manson.
A. That might really help!
B. Well, listening can help.
C. I forget a lot of the new words.
D. Maybe you should find a pen pal.
E. It helps to write English every day.
F. I’m having trouble learning English.
【答案】1. F 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. D
【解析】
【分析】Peter很担心自己的英语学习，Manson老师给出自己的建议。
【1题详解】
根据“You said you liked English. ”可知，此空应表达自己看起来很担心的原因，且与英语有关。F选项“我学英语有困难”符合。故选F。
【2题详解】
根据“I can’t get the pronunciation right.”可知此处应该对发音正确提出自己的建议，B选项“嗯，听能够有帮助”符合。故选B。
【3题详解】
根据“But what about all the new words ”可知此处表达自己对新单词的担忧，C选项“我忘了很多新单词”符合。故选C。
【4题详解】
根据“You can always write the new words in your notebook and review them from time to time.”可知此空应该对对方的建议表示自己的看法，A选项“那可能有帮助”符合。故选A。
【5题详解】
根据“That sounds like a fun way to practice writing.”可知Manson老师应该对练习写作提出了一个建议，D选项“可能你需要找一个笔友”符合。故选D。
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